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20091029085833466.pdfr-? C. 1 s 9l, CITY OF EDMONDS GARY "AAEMYOR 121 5TH AVENUE NORTH • EDMONDS, WA 98020 • (425) 771-0220 • FAX (425) 771-0221 Website: www.dedmonds.wa.us DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT Planning • Building • Engineering October 29, 2009 Jeffrey and Cecilia Eldridge 20918 81" Place West Edmonds, WA 98026 RE: Use of Comfort Foam 178 Insulation System at 20918 81" Place West, Edmonds Dear Mr. and Mrs. Eldridge: The Office of the City Building Official is in receipt of your request for Alternate Materials Method of Construction, Design or Insulating Systems as set forth in WSEC 103 to use Comfort Foam 178 Insulation System for roof insulation. Section 502.1.1.3 of the 2006 Washington State Energy Code requires ventilation between the top of the insulation and roof deck. Comfort Foam 178 System is installed directly to the underside of the roof deck without this air space. The 2004 Supplement to the International Residential Code and proposed Washington State Energy Code Amendments support the installation of air impermeable insulation to be applied directly to the underside of the roof deck. Comfort Foam 178 System is air impermeable (ASTM E283 with less than 0.02 L/S-m2). Product has also been evaluated by ICC in report ESR -2642. After review of all of the information provided, it is my determination as Building Official for the City of Edmonds that the use of Comfort Foam 178 Insulation System is approved as an Alternate Materials Methods of Insulating Systems for roof insulation under the provisions of WSEC 103 at 20918 81" Place West, Edmonds with the following conditions: • The product must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and ICC ESR -2642 • The unvented attic space is completely contained within the building thermal envelope. • No interior vapor retarders are installed on the ceiling side of the unvented attic assembly. • The installation meets the minimum R -value for ceiling insulation as required in the Washington State Energy Code. Sincerely, 9�4- Ann Bullis, CBO Building Official Incorporated August 11, I890 Sister Citu - Hekinan. Janan RICK ANDERSON AIA F O R M A I N U T I L I T A T E S I T Architecture Planning Land Use Consulting October 14, 2009 Ann Bullis Building Official City of Edmonds, Building Division 121 5TH Avenue North Edmonds, WA 98020 Re: 20918 81" Place W, # BLD20090288 Dear Ann; This letter is a request for approval of an Alternate Materials & Method of insulating the roof for the project located at 20918 815f Place W— Bldg permit 4BLD20090288. We would like to substitute BASF Comfort Foam 178 applied directly to the underside of the roof sheathing for the batt insulation that was originally approved. 1. We will use 5" of the Comfort Foam (R 30) applied directly to the underside of the sheathing in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. 2. The resultant unventilated "attic" or joist space will be wholly contained within the building thermal envelope — thus there will be no vented air space. 3. No vapor barrier will be installed on the ceiling side of the enclosed, insulated spaces. 4. The ceilings will be finished with %2" Gypsum, wall board which will provide the required "ignition barrier" called for in ICC ESR -2642 This application of the product has been evaluated by the ICC in ICC ESR -2642. A copy of this report is attached. Also attached is the manufacturer's document on the use of Comfort Foam. Finally I've attached a copy of your approval of the same product for a different project. Thank you for taking the time to consider our request. If you have any questions concerning this please feel free to call. Sincerely: OrT 22 2009 Dr-VEi OpltIEW SERVi ES CTi3. CITY OF I~OI�, ANDS Rick Anderson AIA 935 Daley street Edmonds Washington 98020 (425) 778-2085 Insulation alone is not enough. BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC offers COMFORT FOAMO, a closed -cell, spray -applied polyurethane foam insulation system that creates a seamless, insulating air barrier to improve the energy efficiency, comfort and durability of single-family homes. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) reports that 40 percent of the energy cost of heating and cooling a building is wasted by uncontrolled air leakage, which also contributes to premature building deterioration, condensation, spalling, ice damming, poor indoor air quality (IAQ) and mold growth. An effective air barrier system substantially reduces both air leakage and the passage of moisture through the building envelope. The COMFORT FOAM system eliminates costly uncontrolled air leakage by contributing to a monolithic, air impermeable building envelope system. Our closed -cell technology is unique m the way that it allows design professionals and building owners to specify a material that is engineered to meet and exceed required performance criteria for every code and climate. The COMFORT FOAM system offers a closed -cell content of greater than 90 percent and meets ASTM 10291SPFA guidelines. By comparison, open -cell foams used for insulation have approximately 60 percent open -cell content and have far greater air and vapor transmission characteristics. As such, open -cell products only qualify as air barriors, as defined in ASTM International 1w 2178, Standard Test Method for Air Permeance of Building Materials, when applied at maximum thickness - 5.5 inches. COMFORT FOAM uses the versatility of polyurethane chemistry to combine a superior effective R -value (over 6.0* per inch) with seamless, almost -zero air permeability for increased building energy efficiency, durability and occupant comfort, health and safety. Combining air impermeability with high insulation R -value translates to a highly energy efficient home that costs less to own over time. A residential study by Advanced Certified Thermography shows that COMFORT FOAM installations can help reduce energy costs by as much as 60 percent each year compared with traditional insulation systems. Absorbs Water Allows Moisture Vapor In ,. 3.0 3,5 " 3,03.5 No No No Yes at 5.5 -inch thickness No No No Yes No No No No No No No Yes No No No No No ` No No Yes Yes Yes Yes >40% v/v Yes Yes Yes Yes Over 20 years, this can mean as much as $15,000 in savings at today's energy costs. With escalating energy costs, realized savings may be even greater. The COMFORT FOAM system is accepted by all major building codes, including the International Code Council encompassing both commercial and residential applications. Accredited third -party testing of the COMFORT FOAM system using ASTM E283-(04)1 proves that COMFORT FOAM insulation is a Building Code -recognized air barrier material. New homes built with COMFORT FOAM technology may be eligible to obtain energy efficiency incentives under the Federal Energy Policy Act of 2005. Under the Act, builders of site -built or manufactured homes are eligible for a rebate of $2,000 for energy efficiency measures that achieve 50 percent savings over the 2004 IECC Standard, Envelope improvements to existing homes that meet the 2003 IECC and supplements are eligible for a rebate equal to 10 percent of the cast of improvements, up to $500. The U.S. Department of Energy offers financial assistance opportunities through the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and other incentives are available through more than 60 ENERGY STAR° incentive programs, In addition, special mortgages for energy efficient homes are offered by more than 40 different agencies across the United States. Testing conducted by the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) Research Center shows SPF insulation between wood- and steel -stud wall panels increased rack and shear two to three times over standard stick -built components and glass -fiber insulation when sprayed onto gypsum wallboard and vinyl siding, and increased racking strength by 50 percent when sprayed onto oriented strandboard (OSB).2 Results from testing conducted by the National Research Council (NRC) of the Canadian Construction Materials Centre (CCMC) show SPF air barriers offering long-term durability greater than or equal to the building's expected lite span. The COMFORT FOAM insulating air barrier is a formaldehyde -free formula that emits no volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and uses ZONE30 zero ozone°depleting blowing agent technology. By eliminating condensing surfaces and offering no food source, it helps to resist mold, mildew and pest infestations, contributing to a safer, healthier indoor environment. * The R-va€ue of this Insulatlun. "R" means resistance to heat flow. The higher the 11 -value, the greater the insulating power. Compare insulation n -values before you hay. There are other factors to consider, The amount of insulatcri wfil depend upon the climate, the type and size of your house, and the fuel use patterns and family size. If you buy too much insulation it will cost you more than what you will save on fuel. To achieve proper 11 -values, it is essenttal that this Insulation be Installed properly. This fact sheet compiles with the Federal Trade Commission labeling and advertising of home Insulation rules and regulations, Federal Register, 16 CFR Part 466 - Laheling and Advertising of Rome Insulation: Trade Regulation Rule; Final Rule, Tuesday, May 31, 2006. Test Method for Determining the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Wafts and Doors Under Specified Pressure Oifferenaes Across the Specimen. : Canadian Constroction Materials Centre (CCMC), Evaluation Report 12932-R, National Research Council (NRC) of Canada. COMFORT FOAMO Is a registered trademark of BASF polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC. ZONE3® is a trademark of BASF Corporallon. mom 0 2008 BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC - - 4?C.-1.SC)u CITY OF EDMOND 121 STH AVr_NQE NORTH • IwQMONDS, WA 9807.0 • (425) 771-0220 • FW( (1525) 771-0221 Ws0ait0: WWW,d.edmond&w8.us 1 DEVZLOPMENT SERVICES dEPARTMENT M ar:ning * Building * Engineering February 20, 2009 Sandra and Lee Allbory 900 Walnut Street Edmonds, WA 98020 1. E- fuse o:f Comfort. Foaam x78 L11suli4don System 41:900 W almrt Stfeet, Ed;vonds Dear Mr. and Mrs, Allbcry: GARY HAAKENSQN MAYOR Tit Office o.f'the City ..Building Oficial is in receipt of your request for Allernate materiol„s Mej.hod of Construction. Design ar Insulatiasg S,ystems as set forth in W SE,C: 103 to use Comfort Foam 178 insulation System for roof insulation, Section 502.1,4.3 of the 2006 Washington State Energy Code requires ventilation between the top of the insulation and roof dock. Comfort Foam 178 System is installed directly to the underside of the roof deck without this air space. The 2004 Supplcinent to the International Residential Carle and proposed 'Wash.ington State Energy Code Amendments support the installation of air impermeable insulation to be applied directly to the underside of the roof deck. ComBort Foam 178 System is air impermeable (ASTM 1•x'283 with less than 0.02 L/SRm), Product has also been evaluated by JCC in report: U: SR -2642. After review of all of the information provided, it is my determination as Building Official for the City of Edmonds that the use of Comfort Foam 178 Insulation System is approved as an Alternate Materials Methods of Insulating Systems'for roof insulation under the provisions of WSEC 103 at 900 Walnut Street, danoncis with the following canditions: • 'I`lle product mint he hltailed in ac:cordmice with the ma,l,7u,fa.cttrrer,5 installation instructions. * The unvented attic space i5 completely contained within the building thermal envelope, No interior vapor retardefs are installed on the ceiling side ofthe unvented a.ti:ic assembly. Sincerely, Ann .Biillis, QB0 Building Ofl'aoia]. • rn.cvrpdmfed August 11, 1$90 • � p ESR -2642 REPORT� Issued April 1, 2008 This report is subject to re-examination in one year. ICC Evaluation Service, Inc. BustnesslRegional Office ■ 5360 Workman Mill Road, Whittier, Califomia 90601 r (562) 699-0543 Regional Office ■ 900 Montdair Road, Suite A, Birmingham, Alabama 35213 v (245) 599-9800 W WW.ICC-e5.Orq Regional Office ■ 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, Illinois 60478■ (708) 799-2305 DIVISION: 07—THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION Section: 07210—Building Insulation REPORT HOLDER: BASF POLYURETHANE FOAM ENTERPRISES, LLC 1703 CROSSPOINT AVENUE HOUSTON, TEXAS 77054 (713) 383-4520 www.basf-pfe.com EVALUATION SUBJECT: BASF POLYURETHANE FOAM ENTERPRISES SPRAY - APPLIED INSULATIONS: SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81205, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 158, COMFORT FOAM 178 AND WALLTITE 1.0 EVALUATION SCOPE Compliance with the following codes: ■ 2006 International Building Code® (IBC) ■ 2006 intemational Residential Code(IRC) ■ 2006 intemational Energy Conservation Code® (IECC) ■ Legacy Codes (see Section 8) Properties evaluated: • Physical properties • Surface burning characteristics r Water vapor transmission ■ Attic and crawl space installation • Fire -resistance -rated construction 2.0 USES SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81205, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 158, COMFORT FOAM 178 and WALLTITE spray- applied insulations are used as thermal insulating material in cavities of wall, floor and ceiling assemblies, and in attic and crawl space applications as described in Section 4.4. SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 and COMFORT FOAM 158 may also be used in fire - resistance -rated construction as described in Section 4.5. 3.0 DESCRIPTION 3,1 General: SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81205, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 158, COMFORT FOAM 178 and WALLTITE are two -component, closed -cell, semirigid foam plastic insulations. The insulation is produced in the field by combining an isocyanate component A with a resin component B, resulting in products with a density ranging from 1.75 to 2.25 pcf (28 to 36 kglm3). SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 178, COMFORT FOAM 158 and COMFORT FOAM 178 use the same A component, designated as FE800A. SPRAYTITE 81205, SPRAYTITE 81206 and WALLTITE all use an A component designated as ELASTOSPRAY 8000A, Each insulation uses a different proprietary blend for the B component, as defined in the quality documentation. The insulation components have a shelf life of three months when stored at temperatures between 50'F (10'C) and 80°F (27°C) before installation. 3.2 Surface -burning Characteristics: The insulations have a flame -spread index of 25 or less and a smoke -developed index of 450 or less when tested in accordance with ASTM E 84 at a maximum thickness of 4 inches (114 mm). Thicknesses of up to 8 inches (203 mm) for wall cavities and 12 inches (305 mm) for ceiling cavities are recognized, based on testing in accordance with NFPA 286. 3.3 Thermal Transmission: SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 and COMFORT FOAM 158 have a thermal resistance (R -value) of 5.6 ft2hr°FIBtu, for a 1 -inch thickness at a mean temperature of 757 (24°C). SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 178 and WALLTITE have a thermal resistance (R -value) of 5.1 ft2hr°FIBtu, for a 1 -inch thickness at a mean temperature of 75-F (24°C). 3.4 Vapor Retarder: SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 and COMFORT FOAM 158, at a minimum thickness of 3 inches (76 mm); and SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 178 and WALLTITE at a minimum thickness of 2 inches (51 mm), have a perm eance of 1 perm [57 x 10` kg 1(m2sPa)] or less, in accordance with ASTM E 96, and may be used where a vapor retarder is required by the applicable code. 3.5 ELASTOCOAT 1500. Ignition Barrier: ELASTOCOAT 1500 IgnitionBarrier coating is supplied by BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises, LLC. The coating is available in both 5- and 55 -gallon containers (18.9 and 208 L) and has a shelf life of six months when stored in a factory - sealed container at temperatures between 50°F (10°C) and 80°F (26.7-C). 4.0..INSTALLATION 4.1 General: The BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises spray -applied insulations must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's published installation instructions, the applicable code and this report. The manufacturer's published installation instructions must be available on the jobsite at all times during installation. REPORTS' are not to be construed as representing aesthetics or any other attributes not specifically addressed, nor are they to he construed as an endorsement ofthe subject ofthe report or a recommendation for its use. There is no warranty by ICCEvaluation Service, Inc., express or implied, as to anyfrnding or other matter in this report, or as to any product covered by the report, Copyright D 2008 u191 �ccy%wfmp.m wboucrcersrrcrnax Pagel of 3 Page 2 of 3 4.2 Application: The insulation is spray -applied at the jobsite using a volumetric positive displacement pump as recommended in the manufacturer's published installation instructions. The insulation is applied in passes having a minimum thickness of '/2 inch and a maximum thickness of 2 inches (51 mm) per pass, and must not exceed a total thickness of 8 inches (203 mm) in wall cavities and 12 inches (305 mm) in ceiling cavities. The insulation passes must be allowed to fully expand and be cured for a minimum of 15 minutes prior to application of an additional pass. The insulation must not be used in areas that have a maximum service temperature greater than 180°F (82°C). The foam plastic insulation must not be used in electrical outlet or junction boxes or in contact with rain, water, or soil. The substrate must be free of moisture, frost or ice, loose scales, rust, oil, and grease. The insulation must be protected from the. weather during and after application. 4.3 Thermal Barrier: The spray -applied insulations must be separated from the interior of the building by an approved thermal barrier of 0.5 - inch (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard or an equivalent 15 -minute thermal barrier complying with IBC Section 2603.4 or IRC Section R314.4, as applicable, except where installation is in an attic or crawl space as described in Section 4.4.. 4.4 Attics and Crawl Spaces: 4.4.1 Application with a Prescriptive Ignition Barrier: When the spray -applied insulations are installed within attics or crawl spaces where entry is made only for service of utilities, an ignition barrier must be installed in accordancewith IBC Section 2603.4.1.6 or IRC Sections R314.5.3 and R314.5.4 , as applicable. The ignition barrier must be consistent with the requirements for the type of construction required by the applicable code, and must be installed in a manner so that the foam plastic insulation is not exposed. 4.4.2 Application without Prescriptive Ignition Barrier: In attics, SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 178 or WALLTITE may be applied to walls and to the underside of roof sheathing or roof rafters; and in crawl spaces, to walls and to the underside of wood floors, as described in this section. The thickness of the foam plastic applied to the underside of the top of the space must not exceed 7 inches (178 mm). The thickness of the foam plastic applied to the vertical surfaces must not exceed 3 inches (76 mm). The foam plastic must be covered with ELASTOCOAT 1500 Ignition Barrier, as described in Section 3.5. Surfaces to be coated must be dry, clean, and free of dirt, loose debris and any other substances that could interfere with adhesion of the coating. ELASTOCOAT 1500 Ignition Barrier is applied with a medium-size nap roller, soft brush or conventional airless spray equipment at a minimum of 1 gallon (3.75 L) per. 100 ft2, (9.29 m2), resulting in a minimum.dry film.thickness of. 18 mils (0.46 mm). The coating must be applied when ambient and substrate temperatures are within a range of 507 (10°C) to 90°F (32'C) and requires a 24-hour curing time. SPRAYTITE 178, SPRAYTITE 81206, COMFORT FOAM 178 or WALLTITE covered with ELASTOCOAT 1500 Ignition Barrier may be installed in accordance with this section only under the following conditions: ■ Entry to the attic or crawl space is limited to service of utilities and there are no heat -producing appliances. ■ There are no interconnected basement or service areas. ■ Air in the attic or crawl space is not circulated to other parts of the building. ■ Ventilation of the attic or crawl space is provided in accordance with the applicable code. ESR -2642 4.5 Fire Resistance: SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 or COMFORT FOAM 158 may be installed on interior load-bearing two-hour fire - resistance -rated walls, provided the system is installed in accordance with the following: 4.5.1 Wood Framing: Two rows on separate plates, 3 inches (76 mm) apart, of minimum 2 -by -4 wood studs (No. 2 Douglas fir) spaced a maximum of 16 inches (406 mm) on center. 4.5.2 Wall Finish: Base layer of '/,,-thick (15.9 mm), Type X gypsum wallboard is applied horizontally and fastened to each outer side of a double row of studs with 6d by 1'1, -inch -long (48 mm) coated nails, spaced 2 feet (610 mm) on center. Face layer of %-inch-thick (15.9 mm), Type X gypsum board is applied horizontally and fastened to each outer side of studs over the base layer with 8d by 231, -inch -long (60 mm) coated nails, spaced 8 inches (203 mm) on centers. Gypsum wallboard joints must be staggered 24 inches (610 mm) between layers and on opposite sides of the wall. 4.5.3 Insulation: SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 or COMFORT FOAM 158 is applied in the stud cavities of both rows at a thickness of 3 inches (76 mm). 5.0 CONDITIONS OF USE The BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises spray -applied insulations described in this report complywith, or are suitable alternatives to what is specified in, those codes listed in Section 1.0 of this report, subject to the following conditions: 5.1 The spray -applied insulations and the ELASTOCOAT 1500 must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's published installation instructions, this evaluation report and the applicable code. The instructions within this report govern if there are any conflicts between the manufacturer's published installation instructions and this report. 5.2 The spray -applied insulations must be separated from the interior of the building by an approved 15 -minute thermal barrier, as described in Section 4.3, except where installation is in an attic or crawl space as described in Section 4.4. 5.3 The spray -applied insulations must not exceed the thicknesses noted in Sections 3.2 and 4.4.2. 5.4 The spray -applied insulations must be protected from the weather during and after application. 5.5 The spray -applied insulations must be applied by installers certified by BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises. 5.6 The spray -applied insulations may be used in any buildings under'the IRC, within the parameters set forth in IRC Section R314. The spray=applied'irisulationswere evacuated" for use in Type V=B construction under the IBC. Additionally, SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 or COMFORT FOAM 158 may be used where a two- hour fire -resistance -rated wall is required, provided the system is installed as described in Section 4.5. 5.7 When the spray -applied insulations are installed in buildings of wood construction, the installation must not be on the exterior of foundation walls or below floor slabs on the ground or in contact with the ground. The insulation must have a clearance above grade and exposed earth of 6 inches (52 mm) or greater. 5.$ Insulation installers must provide certification and labeling complying with IRC Section N1101.4 or IECC Section 102.1.1, as applicable. Page 3 of 3 5.9 The polyurethane foam plastic insulation components are produced in Houston, Texas, and Minneapolis, Minnesota, under a quality control program with inspections by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (AA -668). 6.0 EVIDENCE SUBMITTED 6.1 Data in accordance with the ICC -ES Acceptance Criteria for Spray -applied Foam Plastic Insulation (AC377), dated October 2007. 6.2 Data in accordance with ASTM E 119. 7.0 IDENTIFICATION Each container of components A and B of the polyurethane foam plastic insulation bears a label with the BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises, LLC, name and address, the product name, the product type (A or B component), density, the flame- spread and smoke -developed indices, the evaluation report number (ESR -2642), the shelf life and the date of manufacture. The containers also bear the name of the inspection agency (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.). Each pail of Elastocoat 1500 Ignition Barrier coating is labeled with the BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises, LLC, report holder's name and the product name (Elastocoat 1500 Ignition Barrier). 8.0 LEGACY CODES 8.1 Evaluation Scope: In addition to the codes referenced in Section 1.0, the products in this report were evaluated for compliance with the requirements of the following codes: ■ BOCA' National Building Code11999 (BNBC) ■ 1999 Standard Building Code® (SBC) ■ 1997 Uniform Building Code-Im (UBC) 8.2 Uses: See Section 2.0. 8.3 Description: 8.3.1 General: See Section 3.1. 8.3.2 Surface Burning Characteristics: 8.3.2.1 BNBC and SBC: See Section 3.2. 8.3.2.2 UBC: The insulations have a flame -spread index of less than 25 and a smoke -developed index of less than 450 when tested in accordance with UBC Standard 8-1 to a maximum thickness of 4 inches (114 mm). Thicknesses of up to 8 inches (203 mm) for wall cavities and 12 inches (305..mm) for ceiling cavities are recognized, based on testing,in accordance with NEPA 286.. ESR -2642 8.4.3 Thermal Barrier: The spray -applied insulations must be separated from the interior of the building by an approved thermal barrier of 0.5 -inch (12.7 mm) gypsum wallboard or an equivalent 15 -minute thermal barrier complying with BNBC Section 1503.4, SBC Section 2603.5 or UBC Section 2603.4, as applicable, except where installation is in an attic or crawl space as described in Section 3.4. 8.4.4 Attics and Crawl Spaces: 8.4.4.1 Application with a Prescriptive Ignition Barrier: When the spray- applied insulations are installed within attics or crawl spaces where entry is made only for service of utilities, an ignition barrier must be installed in accordance with BNBC Section 2603.4.1.4, SBC Section 2603.5.1.6 or UBC Section 2602.4, as applicable. The ignition barrier must be consistent with the requirements for the type of construction required by the applicable code, and must be installed in a manner so that the foam plastic insulation is not exposed. 8.4.4.2 Application without a Prescriptive Ignition Barrier: See Section 4.4.2. 8.4.5 Fire Resistance: See Section 4.5. 8.5 Conditions of Use: The BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises spray -applied insulations described in this report complywith, or are suitable alternatives to what is specified in, those codes listed in Section 8.0 of this report, subject to the following conditions: 8.5.1 See Section 5.1. 8.5.2 The spray -applied insulations must be separated from the interior of the building by an approved 15 -minute thermal barrier, as described in Section 8.43, except where installation is in an attic or crawl space as described in Section 8.4.4. 8.5.3 See Section 5.3. 8.5.4 See Section 5.4. 8.5.5 See Section 5.5. 8.5.6 The spray -applied insulations were evaluated for use in Type 5-B construction under the BNBC, Type VI under the SBC and Type V -N underthe UBC. Additionally, SPRAYTITE 158, SPRAYTITE 81205 or COMFORT FOAM 158 may be used where a two-hour fire -resistance -rated wall is required, provided the system is installed as described in Section 8.4.5. 8.5.7 In jurisdictions that have adopted the SBC, and when the spray -applied insulations are installed in buildings of wood construction, the installation must not be on the exterior of foundation walls or below floor slabs on the ground or in contact with the ground. The insulation must have a clearance above. grade and exposed earth of 6 inches (52 mm) or greater. ; . 8.3.3 Thermal Transmission: See Section 3.3.-4. 5:8' "See' Section 6.9: 8.3.4 Vapor Retarder: See Section 3.4, 8.6 Evidence Submitted: 8.3.5 Elastocoat 1500 Ignition Barrier: See Section 3.5. See Section 6.0. 8.4 Installation: 8.7 Identification: 8.4.1 General: See Section 4.1. See Section 7.0. 8.4.2 Application: See Section 4.2. ��g 99ATg a� �F CR -102 (June 2004) W� PROPOSED RULE MAKING (Implements RCW 34.05.320) y�2 ylE9N`'� Do NOT use for expedited rule making Agency: State Building Code Council ® Preproposal Statement of Inquiry was filed as WSR 09-05-054 ; or ® Original Notice ❑ Expedited Rule Making --Proposed notice was filed as WSR ^ ;` or ❑ Supplemental Notice to WSR ❑ Proposal is exempt under RCW 34.05.310(4). ❑ Continuance of WSR Title of rule and other identifying information: (Describe Subject) Amendment of WAC 51-I 1, Washington State Energy Code Hearing location(s): Submit written comments to: Holiday hm Select Renton Spokane City Council Chambers Name: Peter De Vries, Council Chair One Grady Way S W 808 Spokane Falls Blvd. Address: PO Box 42525 Renton, WA Spokane, WA Olympia WA 98504-2525 Date: September 29, 2009 Date: October 5, 2009 e-mail sbcc@comrnerce.wa.gov Time: 10:00 a.m. Time: 9:00 a.m. fax (360)586-9383 by (date) October 5 2009 Assistance for persons with disabilities: Contact Sue Maulers by September 15,_2009 Date of Intended adoption: November 12, 2009 (Note: This is NOT the effective date TTY (360) 586-0772 or (360) 725-2966 Purpose of the proposal and its anticipated effects, including any changes in existing rules: The proposed rules amend the Washington State Energy Code, Please see page 3 for summary of proposed changes. Reasons supporting proposal: RCW 19.27A. 025 and RCW 19.27A. 045 Statutory authority for adoption: RCW 19.27A.025, 19.27A.045 Statute being implemented: RCW 19.27, 19.27A and 34.05 Is rule necessary because of a: CODE REVISER USE ONLY Federal Law? ❑ Yes ® No Federal Court Decision? ❑ Yes ® No OFFICE Of THE CODE REVISER State Court Decision? ❑ Yes ® No STATE OF WASHRIGTOU If yes, CITATION: FILED GATE: August �1 , 2009 TIME: 11:'17 SAM DATE August 1, 2009 V x W 09-17-136 -1 7-1 36 NAME (type print) Peter DeVrieies SIGNATURE.. TITLE Council Chair the type and efficiency of „h,eng, cooling, and service water. ..,,,,a_. heating ecruiQment, duct leakage rates includincr test conditions as s ecified in Section 503.10.2 and air leakage results if a blower door test was conducted. AMENDATORY ,SECTION (Amending WSR 07-01-089, filed 12/19/06, effective 7/1/07) WAC 51.--11-0201 Scope. The following definitions shall apply to chapters 1 through 20. 201.1 Application of Terms: For the purposes of this Code, certain abbreviations, terms, phrases, words and their derivatives, shall be as set forth in this chapter. Where terms are not defined, they shall have their ordinary accepted meanings within the context with which they are used. In the event there is a question about the definition of a term, the definitions for terms in the codes enumerated in RCW 19.27.031 and the edition of Webster's dictionary referenced therein shall be considered as the sources for providing ordinarily accepted meanings. Addition: See the Washington State Building Code. Advanced framed ceiling: Advanced framing assumes full and even depth of insulation extending to the outside edge of exterior walls. (See Standard Framing and Section 1007.2 of this Code.) Advanced framed walls: Studs framed on twenty-four inch centers with double top plate and single bottom plate. Corners use two studs or other means of fully insulating corners, and one stud is used to support each header. Headers consist of double 2X material with R-10 insulation between the header and exterior sheathing. Interior partition wall/exterior wall intersections are fully insulated in the exterior wall. (See Standard Framing and Section 1005.2 of this Code.) AFUE. Annual fuel utilization efficiency: Unlike steady state conditions, this rating is based on average usage including on and off cycling as set out in the standardized Department of Energy Test Procedures. Air barrier: Material(s) assembled and joined together to provide a barrier to air leaky e through the building envelope. An air barrier may be a single material or a combination of materials._ Air conditioning, comfort: The process of treating air to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity, cleanliness and distribution to meet requirements of the conditioned space. ((AR-!:)) Air -impermeable insulation: An insulation having an air permeance equal to or less than 0.02 L/s-mZ at 75 Pa pressure differential tested in accordance with ASTM E2178 or ASTM E283. AHRI: Air -Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute. Approved: Approval by the Code official as a result of investigation and tests conducted by him or her, or by reason of 1 6 1 OTS -2584.2 (Btu/hr • ft, @,°F) . The U. -factor applies to the combined effect of the time rate of heat flows through the various parallel paths, such as glazing, doors and opaque construction areas, comprising the gross area of one or more exterior building components, such as walls, floors or roof/ceiling. Thermostat: An automatic control device actuated by temperature and designed to be responsive to temperature. Total on-site energy input: The combination of all the energy inputs to all elements and accessories as included in the equipment components, including but not limited to, compressor(s), compressor sump heater(s), circulating pump(s), purge devices, fan(s), and the HVAC system component control circuit. Transmission coefficient: The ratio of the solar heat gain through a glazing system to that of an unshaded single pane of double strength window glass under the same set of conditions. Transverse joint: The primary connection between air distribution system fittings. U -factor: (See thermal transmittance.) U -Value: (See U -factor.) Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC): (See Washington State Plumbing Code.) Unitary cooling and heating equipment: One or more factory - made assemblies which include an evaporator or cooling coil, a compressor and condenser combination, and may include a heating function as well. Where such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies shall be designed to be used together. Unitary heat pump: One or more factory -made assemblies which include an indoor conditioning coil, compressor (s) and outdoor coil or refrigerant -to -water heat exchanger, including means to provide both heating and cooling functions. When such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies shall be designed to be used together. Vapor retarder: A layer of low moisture transmissivity material (not more than 1.0 perm dry cup) placed over the warm side (in winter) of insulation, over the exterior of below grade walls, and under floors as ground cover to limit the transport of water and water vapor through exterior walls, ceilings, and floors. Vapor retarding paint, listed for this application, also meets this definition. Vaulted ceilings: All ceilings where enclosed joist or rafter space is formed by ceilings applied directly to the underside of roof joists or rafters. Ventilation: The process of supplying or removing air by natural or mechanical means to or from any space. Such air may or may not have been conditioned. Ventilation air: That portion of supply air which comes from outside (outdoors) plus any recirculated air that has been treated to maintain the desired quality of air within a designated space. Vertical glazing: A glazing surface that has a slope of 600 or greater from the horizontal plane. Wall: That portion of the building envelope, including opaque [ 19 1 OTS -2584.2 area and fenestration, that is vertical or tilted at an angle of 60 degrees from horizontal or greater. This includes above- and below grade walls, between floor spandrels, peripheral edges of floors,andfoundation walls. For the _purposes of determining building envelope recruirements, the classifications are defined as follows: a. Above-grade wall: A wall that is not a below-grade wall. b. Below-grade wall: That _portion of a wall in the building envelope that is entirely below the finish grade and in contact with the ground. c. Mass wall:A_wall with a heat capacity exceeding 7 Btu/ft2-'F or 5 Btu/ftl*'F, provided that the wall has a material unit weight not greater than 120 lb/f.t3. d. Metal building wall: A wall whose structure consists of metal�s2anning members _supported by steel structural members (i.e., does_. not include spandrel class or metal panels in curtain wall systems). e.^ Steel-framed wall: A wall with a cavity (insulated or otherwise) whose exterior surfaces are separated by steel framincf members i.e. typical steel stud walls and curtain wall systems) . f. Wood-framed and other walls: All other wall types, including wood stud walls. Walls (exterior): Any member or group of members which defines the exterior boundaries or courts of a building and which have a slope of sixty degrees or greater with the horizontal plane, and separates conditioned from unconditioned space. Band joists between floors are to be considered a part of exterior walls. Washington State Building Code: The Washington State Building Code is comprised of the International Building Code; the International Residential Code; the International Mechanical Code; the International Fire Code; the Uniform Plumbing Code; the state regulations for barrier-free facilities, as designated in RCW 19.27.031; the State Energy Code; and any other codes so designated by the Washington state legislature as adopted and amended by the State Building Code Council. Zone: A space or group of spaces within a building with heating and/or cooling requirements sufficiently similar so that comfort conditions can be maintained throughout by a single controlling device. Each dwelling unit in residential buildings shall be considered a single zone. AMENDATORY SECTION {Amending WSR 91-01-112, effective 7/1/91) WAC 51-11--0302 Thermal design parameters. 302.1 Exterior Design Conditions: filed 12/19/90, The heating or cooling 1 20 1 OTS -2584.2 outdoor design e •` be selected fromi • p_ c w •r • eiiapter of ?tsfi-F, •r• •n "Recu=endect ectduorD- Temperat,ares,Washington- - (See - - o Washington - State - • - - / . • 302.2 Interior Design Conditions: 302.2.1 Indoor Design Temperature: Indoor design temperature shall be seventy degrees F for heating and seventy-eight degrees F for cooling. EXCEPTION: Other design temperatures may he used for equipment selection if it results in a lower energy usage, 302.2.2 Humidification: If humidification is provided during heating, it shall be designed for a maximum relative humidity of thirty percent. When comfort air conditioning is provided, the actual design relative humidity within the comfort envelope as defined in Standard RS -4, listed in Chapter 7, shall be selected for minimum total HVAC system energy use. 302.3 Climate Zones: All buildings shall comply with the requirements of the appropriate climate zone as defined herein. ZONE 1: Climate Zone 1 shall include all counties not included in Climate Zone 2. ZONE 2: Climate Zone 2 shall include: Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Ferry, Grant, Kittitas, Lincoln, Okanogan, Fend Oreille, Spokane, Stevens, and Whitman counties. TABLE 3-1 OUTDOOR DESIGN TEMPERATURES Location Outdoor Design Tema. in ' iudilmgicoolin Outdoor Desitin Temp. in *F Aberdeen 20 NNE 25.0 83 Anacortes 24.0 72 Anatone -4,0 89 Auburn 25.0 84 Battleuound 19.0 91 Bellevue 24.0 83 Bellingham 2 N 19.0 78 Blaine 17.0 73 Bremerton 29,0 83 Burlington 19.0 77 Chehalis 21.0 87 Chelan 10.0 89 Cheney 4.0 94 Chesaw -11.0 81 Clarkston 10,0 94 Cle Elum 1,0 91 Colfax 1 NW 2.0 94 C 21 1 OTS -2584.2 COMFORT FOAM 178 Series INSULATION SYSTEM PRODUCT DESCRIPTION; COMFORT FOAM 178 is a closed -cell polyurethane system utilizing an EPA approved, zero ozone-depleting blowing agent. It is designed for use in commercial and residential construction applications. COMFORT FOAM 178 is compatible with most common construction materials. The benefits of COMFORT FOAM 178 include: • Superior insulation performance • Control moisture infiltration • Controls air infiltration • Ease of application • Non-fibrous APPROVALS AND CREDENTIALS: ASTM E-84* Listed at SGS US Testing Co. Inc. Class I SPF Thickness 4.0 inches Flame Spread Index 25 Smoke Development Index 350 NFPA 286 8 inch wall 12 inch ceiling with 15 min. thermal barrier Tested at Intertek ETL Semko Test Report Number: 3116019-002c Attic & Crawl Snace Tested at Intertek ETL Semko Test Method SWRI 99-02 Test Report Number: 3116311-002c ' - This numerical flame spread rating does not reflect hazards presented by this or any other material under actual fire conditions. Polyurethane foam systems should not be left exposed and must be protected by a minimum 15 -minute thermal barrier or other code -compliant material as allowed by applicable building code(s) and Code Officials. Building Codes provide guidelines representing minimum requirements. Further informat€on is available at www.iccsafe.ora. Consult all Authorities having jurisdiction over an area for additional or specific requirements prior to beginning a project. TYPICAL PROPERTIES": PROPERTY VALUE TEST METHOD Liquid Resin — As Supplied Specific Gravity @ 70'F 1.180 ASTM D 1638 Viscosity @ 70`F (cps) 440 Brookfield As Cured lso:Resin Mix Ratio (vol:vol) 1:1 Density, core (pef @ 2" lift) Nominal 2.0 ASTM D 1622 Compressive Strength (psi) 22 ASTM D 1621 Tensile Strength (psi) 28 ASTM D 1623 Type C Closed Cell Content (%) >90 ASTM D 6226 Initial k -factor (Btu in/W hr °F) 0.165 (R=6.1/in)*** ASTM C 518 Permeance (perms) 1.82 ASTM E 96 Permeability (perm inch) 1.82 @ 1" SPF ASTM E 96 0.91 @ 2" SPF 0.61 @ 3" SPF 0.46@4"SPF Air Permeance (Us/m2 @ 75 Pa) 0.000025 ASTM E 2178-01 Air Leakage (Llslmz @ 75 Pa) 0.000025 ASTM E 283-99 Dimensional Stability (%Volume Change) Dry Age 28 Days (158'F) +8 to +12% ASTM D 2126 Freeze Age 14 Days f -20°F) +0.07 to —0.21 % ASTM D 2126 These physical property values are typical for this material as applied at our development facility under controlled conditions. SAF performance and actual physical properties will vary with differences in apprcatlon (i.e. ambient conditions, process equipment and settings, material throughput, etc). As a result, these published properties should be used as guidelines solely far the purpose of evaluation. Physical property specifications should be determined from actual production material. The above data was collected from samples prepared using the following equipment configuration: • Gusmer* H-20/35 proportioner set at 1:1 volume ratio with 50 it of heated delivery hose • Gusmer� GX-7 spray -gun configured with a #1 mix module and#70 PCD and/or GAP spray -gun configured with a 41 mix chamber • Process temperature settings: Isocyanate 130°F; Resin 130°F,• Nose 130°F + Process pressure: 1000 psig minimum while spraying COMFORT FOAM 178 has shown acceptable on-site performance with temperature settings in the range of i 10'F - 130'F forisocyanafe, Resin and Nose. Everylob site and set of ambient/substrata conditions are different therefore, oneset ofprocess settings may not work for every situation. It is the responsibility of the applicator to evaluate the on- site conditions and then determine the appropriate SPF reactivity and process settings. """The data chart shows the R -value of this insulation. "R" means resistance to heat flow. The higher the R -value, the greater the insulating power. Compare insulation R -values before you buy. There are other factors to consider. The amount of insulation will depend upon the climate, the type and size of your house, and the fuel use pattems and family size. if you buy too much insulation it will cost you more than what you will save on fuel. To achieve proper R -values, it is essential that this insulation be installed property. GENERAL INFORMATION: COMFORT FOAM 178 is a spray polyurethane foam (SPF) system intended for installation by qualified contractors trained in the processing and application of SPF systems, as well as the plural -component polyurethane dispensing equipment required to do so. Contractors and applicators must comply with all applicable and appropriate storage, handling, processing and safety guidelines. BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC technical service personnel should be consulted in all cases where application conditions are questionable. C7[111jIfIs] 0.T+F-11►IHV214011TJI7ll:4210M,%# �P►� COMFORT FOAM 178 is designed for an application rats of % inch minimum to 2 inches maximum. Once installed material has cooled it is possible to add additional applications in order to increase the overall installed thickness of SPF. Typical installations are limited to a total thickness of 4 inches. This application procedure is in compliance with the Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance (SPFA). COMFORT FOAM 178 is NOT designed for use as an EXTERIOR roofing system. BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC offers a separate line of products for exterior roofing applications. For more information please contact your sales representative. Cold -storage structures such as coolers and freezers demand special design considerations with regard to thermal insulation and moisture -vapor drive. COMFORT FOAM 178 should NOT be installed in these types of constructions unless the structure was designed by a design professional for specific use as cold storage. COMFORT FOAM 178 is designed for installation in most standard construction configurations using common materials such as wood and wood products, metal and concrete. COMFORT FOAM 178 has PC rformed successfully when sprayed onto wood substrates down to 301F, For other substrates, please consult your BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC sales or technical service representative for specific recommendations. Foam plastic materials installed in walls or ceilings may present a fire hazard unless protected by an approved, fire-resistant thermal barrier with a finish rating of not less than 15 minutes as required by building codes. Rim joists and 1 or sill plates, in accordance with the IRC, IBC and approval by the local Code Authority, may not require additional protection. Foam plastic must also be protected against ignition by code -approved materials in attics and crawl spaces. See relevant Building Codes and www.iccsafe.orq for more information. This product is neither tested nor represented as suitable for medical or pharmaceutical uses. In addition to reading and understanding the MSDS, all contractors and applicators must use appropriate respiratory, skin and eye Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when handling and processing polyurethane chemical systems. Personnel should review the following document published by Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance (SPFA): AX 171 Course 101-R Chapter 1: Health, Safety and Envlranmentai Aspects of Spray Polyurethane Foam and Coverings and the following document available from the Center for the Polyurethanes Industries (CPI): Mode! Respiratory Protection Program for Compliance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Respiratory Protection Program Standard 29 C.F.R. §1910.134 As with all SPF systems, improper application techniques such as: excessive thickness of SPF, off -ratio material and spraying into or under rising SPF. Potential results of improperly installed SPF include: dangerously high reaction temperatures that may result in fire and offensive odors that may or may not dissipate. Improperly installed SPF must be removed and replaced with properly installed materials. LARGE MASSES of SPF should be removed to an outside safe area, cut into smaller pieces and allowed to cool before discarding into any trash receptacle. SPF insulation is combustible. High-intensity heat sources such as welding or cutting torches must not be used in contact with or in close proximity to COMFORT FOAM 178 or any polyurethane foam. SHELF LIFE AND STORAGE CONDITIONS: COMFORT FOAM 178 Series has a shelf life of approximately three months from the date of manufacture when stared in original, unopened containers at 50-80°F. As with all industrial chemicals this material should be stared in a covered, secure location and never in direct sunlight. Storage temperatures above the recommended range will shorten shelf life. Storage temperatures above the recommended range may also result in elevated headspace pressure within packages. LIMITED WARRANTY INFORMATION -- PLEASE READ CAREFULLY: The information herein is to assist customers in determining whether our products are suitable for their applicaflons. Our products are only intended for safe to industrial and commercial customers. Customer assumes full responsibility for quality control, testing and determination of suitability of products for its intended application or use. We warrant that our products will meet our written liquid component specifications. We make no other warranty of any kind, either express or implied, by fact or law, including any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Our total liability and customers' exclusive remedy for all proven claims is replacement of nonconforming product and in no event shall we be liable for any other damages. Revised 06.13.07 BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC I kvi L"Aft -111 To: To Whom It May Concern From: Jim Andersen, Technical Applicators Manager CC: B. Schenke, K. Frauenkron Date: 8/1/2006 Re: Non -Vented Construction The Chemical Company Most codes require ventilation for attic construction, The use of "hot roof' or unvented roof construction has become widely used for the last several decades. Closed -cell spray polyurethane foam (SIF) works well for cathedral ceilings and hot roof construction whereby the Insulation is installed directly to the bottom side of the roof sheathing and there is no ventilation. The roof and wall junctions must be air tight for this insulation system to work. The spray application of our closed -cell polyurethane will absolutely provide an air barrier when properly installed. The total seamless, rigid air barrier does not allow wind driven snow or moisture to penetrate into the building envelope. The airtight construction requires a mechanical ventilation system that controls the humidity levels and air changes within the home. I have provided two technical articles that will provide documentation for this unvented construction. We hope that field inspectors will have enough information here to allow the non -vented use of SPI* in these applications. Recent code changes to the International Codes are allowing for unvented conditioned attic assemblies under specific provisions, which includes the use of our product. If you need more information for your decision, please feel free to call 1-800-888-3342 and ask for technical sales. BASF Polyurethane Foam Enterprises LLC Helping Make 13630 Watertower Circle Buildings Better'm Minneapolis, MN 55441 Telephone: (763) 559-3266 Fax: (763) 559-0945 s HomeEnero readers know, vent ing attics in hot, humid climates brings a great deal of moisture into the structure (see "Conditioned Attics Save Energy in loot Climates," KC, May/June '97, p. 6), Not venting the attic avoids this problem. What is less well understood is that venting causes many problems in cold (dry) climates, as well. For example, it allows a great deal of snow to blow in— especially the really fine snowflakes that ATTI CS TIES -E)-EK Build your cold -climate n o vents— the shingles may not last quite as long, but you'll get big payoffs in performance and energy savings. weigh less than raindrops. Not venting also avoids this problem. Finally, as most builders know, venting roof assem- blies can be extremely difficult for roof designs with complex geometries. Not venting avoids these difficulties, too. Overcoming the Objections I can hear the objections: What about moisture? What about sheathing temperature and shingle temperature in the summertime? What about the energy costs? What about the code? First, take moisture: People usually vent attics in cold climates to prevent moisture accumulation in the roof sheathing and control ice dams. In cold climates, moisture in roof assemblies typically comes from inside, and the key to problems with moisture is the tem- perature of the roof sheathing. Unvented attics have higher temper- atures on the underside of the roof sheathing. If this area—typically the first condensing surface—is kept above the dew point temperature of the inte- rior air -vapor mix, condensation and moisture accumulation will not occur (see Figures I and 2). Ice damming can be controlled by reducing beat flow to the shingles through air sealing and insulating to more than R-40, rather than by flushing heat away from the roof shingles with venting. The net effect is the same -- the roof shingles are cold—but by elim- inating venting, we save a great deal of energy. Warming Up to Unvented Roofs The underside of the roof sheathing is where the real benefits of not venting roof assemblies are found. Our field measurements and computer modeling The underside of the roof sheathing $O Is the first condensing plane R-30 batt ceiling insulation � 70 Dew temp. at 50% RH, 70 °F in Continuous coilg vapor diffusion retarder? air retarde _ 60 so Mean daily temperature � ---------------- (b -mil polyethylene) �+ (equal to the temperature of the underside of the Gypsum board ceiling YP g a. plywood roof sheathing as 30 shown in the adjacent drawing) ~ 20 Dew point temp. at 35% RK 70°F JI--___. ______ 10 �!J Dew point temp. at 20% RM, 70 °F Q Vont Apr. May Jun. Jd slag. Sep. Ott. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. Month Figure]. potential for condensation Ina roof assembly In Chicago, Illinois. The roof assembly has A-30 fiberglass batt insulation and a vented attic space. By reduc- ing Interior moisture levels, the potential condensation is reduced or eliminated. HOME ENERGY • NOVEMBEWDECEMBER 1999 www.homeenergy.org 1 27 0 rUNVENTING ATTICS Plgure 2. Potential for condensation in a roof assembly in Chicago, Illinois. The unvented cathedral ceiling has R-12 rigid Insulation above R-28 batt insulation, The R- 12 Insulating sheathing raises the dew point temperature at the first condensing surface so that no condensation will occur with interior conditions of 35 % rela- tive humidity at 701 show that, without attic venting, the temperature of the underside of the roof sheathing increases by 10*F--WF. In cold climates, this is an advantage. Unventing roof assemblies in most cold climates decreases the heating load by about 10%n, That answers the energy question: iU'nventing attics in cold cli- mates saves energy. What about shingle temperature? Well, the answer to that question is, Don't use asphalt shingles. They have many disadvantages anyway. They burn, They are sensitive to ultraviolet light. They can't be made to last more than 15 to 20 years—despite what the war- ranty says. Hai1 just kills them, and they off gas horrible stuff. .But they are cheap. And in cold climates, they are the roof covering of choice. When attics with asphal"hingled roofs are left unvented, the operating temperature of the shingles increases slightly—on the order of 2%-3%v of absolute temperature. This means that a black asphalt shingle roof that is typi- cally at 150'F will be at 153"F --155'F. That 3'F -5'F increase can be impor- tant, since it translates into an approxi- mate pproximate 15% reduction in the useful service Iife of the shingle. On a 15 -year shingle roof, that means you may lose 2 to 3 years in service life. Why is there only a 3°F-5IF increase in asphalt shingle temperature? Because radiation is the dominant fac- tor in heat transfer through roof assem- blies, and venting the roof does not affect the radiation, heat transfer, Also, the underside of the roof sheathing is not an efficient plywood -to -air heat exchanger, so venting is of little impor- tance in reducing shingle or sheathing temperature. Code Catch -Up I have about 1,000 unvented shingled roofs under my belt. Most of them are in Canada—yeah, I know, the laws of physics are different up there—but a lot of them are in New England, Michi- gan, and Colorado. More than a third of them are now over ten years old, and they are doing fine. The biggest problem with building these unvented attics has been building codes. The codes do not like unvented roof assemblies. But changes are com- ing. First it was the 1997 edition of ASHD Fundamentals ---it likes unvented roof assemblies (see "Vapor, Not Vents"), Then we (the Building America guys and gals) changed the building code in Las Vegas. We have more than 300 unvented roof assem- blies constructed there so far. I predict that, in Five years, the codes everywhere will have changed. tft Joseph Lstibureh is an engineer and the prin- dy)k investigator for the Building Science Consortium, a partner in the Department of Enei py's BuildingAmerica progran 28 wwwhomeenergy.org NOVEMBERIDECEMBER 1999 • HOME ENERGY 80 R gid in uiatio nicavii y inte lace t ampei ature ,--. 70 (12 r€ r ni u a €o , K-2icell)iflinstl aeon, R-28 ceiling insulation �� between 2 x 5 rafters 50 can dally to para ure Gypsum board ceiling qua] t t e empe tore 40 a tJ del la - �� pl oo roof heat ing) rR42ngld 20 l� w o nt to P ' Rigid insulation notched around rasters10 F 35% K 70 Dote: Moisture levels ace In conditioned spceorming Apr, May lin.Jul. Aug. Sep. pct, Nov. Dec. an. Feb. Mar. Apr. r � � � P � � must 7 limited to 35/o RFlat;<a'i' the cavity is the first y condensing surface Month Plgure 2. Potential for condensation in a roof assembly in Chicago, Illinois. The unvented cathedral ceiling has R-12 rigid Insulation above R-28 batt insulation, The R- 12 Insulating sheathing raises the dew point temperature at the first condensing surface so that no condensation will occur with interior conditions of 35 % rela- tive humidity at 701 show that, without attic venting, the temperature of the underside of the roof sheathing increases by 10*F--WF. In cold climates, this is an advantage. Unventing roof assemblies in most cold climates decreases the heating load by about 10%n, That answers the energy question: iU'nventing attics in cold cli- mates saves energy. What about shingle temperature? Well, the answer to that question is, Don't use asphalt shingles. They have many disadvantages anyway. They burn, They are sensitive to ultraviolet light. They can't be made to last more than 15 to 20 years—despite what the war- ranty says. Hai1 just kills them, and they off gas horrible stuff. .But they are cheap. And in cold climates, they are the roof covering of choice. When attics with asphal"hingled roofs are left unvented, the operating temperature of the shingles increases slightly—on the order of 2%-3%v of absolute temperature. This means that a black asphalt shingle roof that is typi- cally at 150'F will be at 153"F --155'F. That 3'F -5'F increase can be impor- tant, since it translates into an approxi- mate pproximate 15% reduction in the useful service Iife of the shingle. On a 15 -year shingle roof, that means you may lose 2 to 3 years in service life. Why is there only a 3°F-5IF increase in asphalt shingle temperature? Because radiation is the dominant fac- tor in heat transfer through roof assem- blies, and venting the roof does not affect the radiation, heat transfer, Also, the underside of the roof sheathing is not an efficient plywood -to -air heat exchanger, so venting is of little impor- tance in reducing shingle or sheathing temperature. Code Catch -Up I have about 1,000 unvented shingled roofs under my belt. Most of them are in Canada—yeah, I know, the laws of physics are different up there—but a lot of them are in New England, Michi- gan, and Colorado. More than a third of them are now over ten years old, and they are doing fine. The biggest problem with building these unvented attics has been building codes. The codes do not like unvented roof assemblies. But changes are com- ing. First it was the 1997 edition of ASHD Fundamentals ---it likes unvented roof assemblies (see "Vapor, Not Vents"), Then we (the Building America guys and gals) changed the building code in Las Vegas. We have more than 300 unvented roof assem- blies constructed there so far. I predict that, in Five years, the codes everywhere will have changed. tft Joseph Lstibureh is an engineer and the prin- dy)k investigator for the Building Science Consortium, a partner in the Department of Enei py's BuildingAmerica progran 28 wwwhomeenergy.org NOVEMBERIDECEMBER 1999 • HOME ENERGY What's the value of ventilation I March 2002 1 Professional Roofing Magazine rq' essional ■ What's the value of ventilation Page 1 of 6 March 2002 Table of Contents l To Subscrlbe A Advertisers Index 1 Past issues A Professions! Roofing 4 NRCA Home l Search This Site 4 A study of asphalt shingles demonstrates ventilation may not be as important as other variables by Carl G. Cash, PE, and Edward G. Lyon, PE The topic of asphalt shingles splitting and cracking has received much attention lately. Asphalt fiberglass shingles have been experiencing vertical splits, as well as horizontal splits in exposed tabs. These dislocations, called thermal splits, are the subject of a great deal of litigation, including class-action lawsuits. The splits are not associated with quality of installation. Rather, the splits occur in shingles where self-sealing adhesive firmly adheres the shingle tabs and a shingle's tear strength is low or inadequate to withstand a thermally or mechanically induced load. Whenever asphalt fiberglass shingle manufacturers are faced with thermal -splitting problems, one excuse they usually offer is that the area under a roof deck was not ventilated properly. This excuse is offered not because there is any evidence of a cause -and -effect link between thermal splitting and ventilation but because shingle warranties (all the shingle warranties listed in NRCA's 2002-03 Steep -slope Roofing Materials Guide) specifically exclude warranties In the case of "inadequate attic ventilation." This is based on the premise that shingles applied to decks over unventilated attics will be unacceptably hotter than shingles applied to decks over properly ventilated attics and have significantly shortened service lives as a result of the increased temperature. Lawyers say impractical or unreasonable contract or warranty provisions may not be supported by court decisions. The following information reveals results from a study we conducted that investigated the reasonableness of the "inadequate attic ventilation" exclusion in warranties. Some parameters that can Influence roof temperature are geographic location, color, exposure orientation, slope and degree of attic ventilation. We report the means (averages) of the maximum and average annual temperatures of the roofing materials for each combination of these parameters. Geographic location The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration lists 264 locations in the United States that are representative of all U.S. climates. The locations range from Key West, Fla., with the warmest average annual temperature (79 F [26 C]), to Barrow, Alaska, with the coldest average annual temperature (9 F [-13 C]). Previous research by Cash has shown temperatures plotted on a graph form a sinusoidal wave that is equally balanced (symmetrical) around the average temperature at each location. Therefore, mean temperature is an accurate index of a thermal environment, http://viww.professionalroofing.net/past/marO2/feature2.asp $/212006 What's the value of ventilation j March 2002 j Professional Roofing Magazine Page 2 of 6 For this study, we used the following seven locations (we excluded the West Coast because of its mild temperatures) to study the variation of roofing materials' temperatures with respect to geographic location (mean temperatures for each location are noted): • Boston ---51 F (11 C) • Chicago --53 F (12 C) • Green Bay, Wis.---44 F (6.5 C) • Phoenix ---70 F (21 C) • Raleigh, N.C.-59 F (16 C) • Miami -76 IF (24 C) • Washington, D.C.-57 F (14 C) Study details We used white and black shingles in our study. The materials' albedos (overall measure of a material's reflectivity to the full spectrum of the sun's energy) and emmissivities (percent of absorbed energy a material can radiate away from itself) used were obtained from measurements at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, Calif. We limited our calculations to roof surfaces facing the following orientations: 90 degrees east, 135 degrees southeast, 180 degrees south, 225 degrees southwest and 270 degrees west. In addition, we calculated the temperatures of roofs with slopes of 3 -in -12 (14 degrees) to 12 - in -12 (45 degrees) in 12.5 percent (1 -inch -per -foot) increments. In this article, we only report the calculated results in 25 percent (3 -inches -per -foot) increments because these calculated temperatures are close to each other. Our calculated roof temperatures are reported without ventilation; with attic ventilation provided by 0.33 percent ventilated areas (1 square foot for each 300 square feet of attic plan area) and wind perpendicular to roof slope (no wind assistance to ventilation); and with 0.33 percent ventilated areas (1 square foot for each 300 square feet of attic plan area) and wind normal to the roof orientation (maximum ventilation assistance from wind), Computer input As the model for our calculations, we used the Hastings Ranch House referenced in "Analytical Study of Buildings with reflective roofs," published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. We chose a cathedral ceiling rather than truss -attic space to maximize the difference between ventilated and unventilated roof temperatures. The ceiling - to -roof covering assembly construction we used was as follows: • 112 -Inch- (13 -mm-) thick gypsum drywall sheathing • 10 -inch- (264 -mm-) thick fiberglass batt insulation between joists 16 inches (406 mm) on center . 2 -inch- (51 -mm-) thick clear air space (to maximize the venting air effect, we did not use an air -friction value in any calculation) . 6!8 -inch (16 -mm-) thick plywood sheathing • No, 15 asphalt felt and asphalt fiberglass shingles http://www,professionalroofng.net/past/MarO2/feature2.asp $1212006 What's the value of ventilation I March 2002 j professional Roofing Magazine Page 3 of 6 The mathematical model calculates heat gain and loss for a width of roof extending from eave to ridge. The properties of each layer of the roof assembly are lumped together to create a calculation node. For our model, we subdivided the insulation layer into thin sections and assumed a uniform 70 F (21 C) interior temperature. We then calculated the heat transfer between nodes in small-time increments because exterior temperature varies through a sinusoidal wave function based on average monthly conditions. We used the average monthly cloud conditions to modify the solar equations in "Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes," by J.A. Duffie and W.A. Beckman, to reduce solar radiation gain by up to 60 percent and nighttime radiation cooling by 100 percent for full overcast cloud conditions. The potential for snow cover to reduce daily roof temperature cycles was not considered in this study. We also calculated dew -point temperatures required for radiation gain and loss from a sinusoidal temperature and relative humidity function based on observed monthly average conditions. Average local wind speeds were adjusted from airport observation height and exposure conditions to an urban exposure at a 10 -font (3-m) eave height. Wind speed was used to calculate roof convective heat -flow coefficients, as well as its influence on roof ventilation. in addition, we calculated ventilation airflow by applying the pressure developed by ventilated space and outdoor air temperature differences (stack effect), wind effects, and airflow resistance of screened openings at the eave and ridge. (We divided the ventilation area equally between the eave and ridge,) During the study, wind blew either at an angle that maximized the pressure developed on the vents or at an angle that did not influence the stack -effect pressures. The ventilated space had no resistance in these calculations to maximize the effect of ventilation. For unventilated roof systems, the calculated temperatures are representative of an entire roof system. For ventilated roof systems, the calculated temperatures are representative of a point halfway up a roof system. Air movement would make eave and ridge areas slightly warmer or cooler than the calculated temperature depending on airflow direction. The maximum roof temperature at any point for ventilated roof systems will not exceed the temperature of unventilated roofing materials. Ventilated roofing calculations required a small time adjustment for calculations to remain stable. Because of calculation time constraints, we modeled one day in the middle of each month as representative of monthly average conditions. We started our calculation model at a uniform average layer temperature for a particular month and allowed a complete day calculation cycle for the assembly to normalize. We then calculated a second day cycle to generate peak and mean temperature values for the month. The yearly mean temperature was calculated by a weighted average of the monthly calculations. Computer simulations often require correlation testing before being accepted as absolute predictors of real-world conditions. In our case, the goal was not to attempt to precisely predict a particular roof temperature but to study the "all other things being equal" thermal performances of different ventilation systems. Ventilation obviously will reduce roof temperature, and we have attempted to generously model the airflow potential of ventilated roof systems to define an outer boundary for cooling effects. Previous work by Cash developed a thermal model and empirical relationship between a roof system's average service life and mean annual temperature to which roofing materials are exposed. In the case of asphalt shingles, a change of 1 degree Celsius is about equal to one-fourth of a year in average service life. http://www,professionalroofing,net/past/mar02/feature2.asp 8/2/2006 What's the value of ventilation I March 2002 [ Professional Roofing Magazine Data and results Some data generated in the study are listed in f=igures 1 to 4, The calculated temperatures are reported to two decimal places -not to imply an accuracy that does not exist but because some differences otherwise would be too small to distinguish. The average roof temperature difference between roofing materials on unventilated decks and ventilated decks and difference between the temperature of roofing materials on unventilated decks and wind -assisted ventilated decks are fisted in Figure 1, Na�tew 2 35 w. , ,_u.,,...,... - ? 3Ef Q44 t 35 ---- ....._..... 1.29_ b.J9 ,... _ . 0.7 _ 1 _ _ 0. -- 0195 _... - __.._ _ - 0,811 - t ZO- - -- Organ Bay, We, (1'1 t 0.55 1.74 114 ' _. 1 tNioml HAlelbh, H:C, 1_$' Ci.3� ......... 1.37 ?.A7 ..... _ ,i.�Ti akae�IN 34 -. _....._._._i _.._-..._ - — -_.. ©.� . 237 ------- - f 1.2.1 Aalelgb, N.C. 3.fit1.1tl U.Q' 1,48 WaAingte., n.t. o.sa 156 - Figure 1. f%WI RNlnlya fmf Zrbl-VWOCL".0 (1RS muff unvarthiJ' (¢f( and 4iN7JAi7(!f!( fl4GA9 ilfld 1ffl36W7.r(l7Ci3i1 i1pGt if find Wltff "lUGlrl(ifNl Figure 2 lists the variations in average roof temperature caused by changing roof system color from black to white shingles. ttaxiat t. �f1 1.1 t 2.00 1 Ij7 Cilee�n .... 1,3W _�. µr, ?,42 .,.: ....,, 1.�1 --•- -- �, 7 �..., .._._1 1�i- __ _._ _?.4? .... 0rcen t<a r Vine, _ 1.3u� �: 39 t .� 2.45 1.3ry ?.[7A Mai r 4.3[i 2.tr3 t J3 c^ 19 3 plwtel>< i.ti7 3.D1 - v a1u 2,7....__.. 44 t .3(1 2.Aft 1 as 1Yeente9tep, A.C, 1.z3 2 7ti t.3t1 2,411 t a�; 2.rth ........ _.._._..._--------- #VAWP 9" nift 0 11k57/YPlWO f0G( ralg)OPfl WO 0n a hM"k 0 W. W Challf(D b(if4wo) tdarA rpirl 4141.1Q G(water. Our data show roofs that face west have the lowest roof temperatures of those measured. We are quite sure roofs facing northwest, north or northeast would have lower temperatures, but western -facing roof temperatures are the lowest we calculated, We found the highest mean roof temperatures in south -facing roofs, The maximum difference between mean roof temperature of roofs facing south and west can be found in Figure 3. Basta 1.31 2 35 w. , ,_u.,,...,... - ? 3Ef 1-19 2.1.1 ........._...,.w..._._.__ ._ —_. _. - t.31 2:3'1 t 35 ---- ....._..... 1.29_ 06 �'..............-- Ckluoio 1.46 lostogay, WN. _ ._.....�-� :. _ 'R48 _. ^ _ -- 1.34 } ._ _4.f... 1;i1 1.31 ...... tAllati 1 UG 1.t1t} Q 9ti 1,7:1 (1'1 t ._._.._.... -_ 1.74 114 r �_ ��:...,.,., ., .._,.. -? Ei4 ..__.. _. 1 HAlelbh, H:C, 1_$' .__ 234 ......... 1.37 ?.A7 ..... 2 — W�frhlogtoa, A.C. 1 A9 - ..._�_.......... 34 -. _....._._._i _.._-..._ - — -_.. 1.32 _.._... .. , . _ . 237 ------- FMUrs S. flln mmAnurn Offvenw hi n+oon nXd f.r ylild" lUAIV (V fvw/Ir (tkavl(1 smdi rind iwmt The slope with the maximum and minimum mean roof temperatures varied with location and slope. Figure 4 shows the maximum variation in mean roof temperature calculated for slopes of 3 -in -12 (14 degrees) to 12 -in -12 (45 degrees). Page 4 of 6 http://www.professionalroofing.net/past/mar02/feature2.asp 8/2/2006 What's the value of ventilation I March 2002 1 Professional Roofing Magazine 14 0. Rr�snBay,INir_- 41rS__ q.1QUJil U.t1} - -- -�ObS ldi�mlµ r. 0.3 _U,29_ 0.70 -- 0.wi _ D. -- Pitli�1K 0.21_ b.afl 0.1" _0.2A -- q�l�lgi, #►.C. 0.4Ei �r3.52 _ _0.26 U0,110 0.18 Witlligdlnr,n�. ,..,� a_1a.% M. .. 0.26 e , __DA - 0,15-_....W .O�.�._..-... _ 0.27 H . roo torrr))(emyv1 _.0.:.09, fcw O")4iv 4r 3.in. i2 ()4 rk47ruifsrJ ro ??•in• ? Ids c <�)r+ �m}• Figure 4. Jho n1Rrin"OhIrt�uar� We also wanted to determine the maximum monthly roof temperature (hottest roof system) and greatest temperature difference with 11300 ventilation (best ventilation) for each location. For the roof systems with black shingles, we studied maximum roof temperature; temperature differences for ventilated, ventilated with wind and change to unventilated white shingles; yearly mean temperature; and mean temperature differences for ventilated and change to unventilated white shingles. We found roof temperature extremes do not relate directly to mean temperatures for service life. In all instances, changing roof color from black to white has more effect on yearly mean temperature than ventilation. Ventilation reduces the yearly mean temperature of a black roof system by an average 0.7 degrees Celsius, and changing to white shingles reduces the yearly mean temperature by an average 1.6 degrees Celsius. Conclusions The following conclusions are based on data from our numerical model: • The greatest influence on roof temperature is geographic location. The mean roof temperatures for Miami and Green Bay, Wis., for example, differ by 18 degrees Celsius. • The direction a roof faces has the second greatest influence on average roof temperature (in excess of 1.44 degrees Celsius in the east through south -to -west range studied, but the real difference is greater because other directions, such as north, will be cooler). • The color of roofing materials influences the mean temperature of a roof system slightly less than direction (1.45 degrees Celsius average for these parameters). • Ventilating the area under a roof deck reduces the average temperature 0.5 degrees Celsius (about one-third the influence of the direction or color and one -thirty-sixth the Influence of geographic location). Even with wind assistance, ventilation reduces average roof temperature about half as much as using white rather than black shingles. . Within the ranges studied, slope has the least influence on average shingle temperature. Many shingle manufacturers provide warranted products that are widely distributed and are of many colors and exclude from warranties those shingles installed on unventilated decks. This exclusion has no justification; the variations in geography, direction and shingle color have greater influences on average temperature than the degree of ventilation. However, ventilation should be recommended to remove the small quantity of moisture in a roof system; it can prolong the life of a wood deck even if it does not extend the life of shingles. Page 5 of 6 httpJ/www.professionalroofing.net/past/marO2/feature2.asp 812/2006 What's the value of ventilation I March 20021 Professional Roofing Magazine Page 6 of 6 Carl G. Cash is a principal with Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger Ina, Arlington, Mass., and Edward G. Lyon is a senior staff engineer with Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger. Copyright 0 2004 National Rooting Contractors Association http://www.professionalroofing,neVpast/marO2/feature2.asp 8/2/2006 Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) and Cathedral Roofs & Cathedralized Attics SIVIAHE pa .V7 P FA CL a Business Unit of the 0 CO) Amerioan Plastics Council In This document was developed to aid in the use of SPF in Cathedral roof/attic applications. The information provided heroin, based on current customs and practices of the trade, is offered in good faith and believed to be true, but is Dade WITHOUT WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO FITNESS, MERCHANTABILITY, OR ANY OTHER MATTER. APC DISCLAIMS ALL LIABILITY FOR ANY .LOSS OR DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF ITS USE. Individual (manufacturers and contractors should be consulted for specific information. SPFA does endorse the proprietary products or processes of any individual manufacturer, or the services of any individual contractor. APC does not endorse the proprietary products or processes of any individual manufacturer, or the services of any individual contractor. To order copies of this publication, call 800-243-5790 and request SPFA Stock Number AY -141 Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance Copyright January 2403 BUILDING ENVELOPE COMMITTEE (BEC) S P FA te, e business Unit of the t U) American Plastics Council RMPA Spray Polyurethane Foain (SPF) And Cathedral Roofs & Cathedralized Attics Closed cell, spray polyurethane foam (SPF) may be used to construct unvented cathedral roofs and cathedralized attics. It can be applied in sufficient thickness to satisfy local energy code requirements, directly to the underside of roof sheathing between rafters or joists of any slope in all (heating, mixed and cooling) climates. This configuration controls the entry of moisture -laden air into the insulation and also eliminates dew - point occurring at the underside of the roof deck and anywhere in the insulation, in all (heating, mixed or cooling) climates*. Due to the fully adhered, closed cell properties of SPF, air and moisture are displaced out of the insulated space -- including at rafters and sheathing. Moisture cannot enter the insulated space froin any direction, eliminating the requirement for roof venting. Venting; above the closed cell SPF could reintroduce moisture laden air into a new air space below the roof sheathing, which may introduce another moisture condensation problem. Therefore, venting above the SPF in these configurations is not recommended. *(Assunics the suilible thickness of SPF is applied to prevent condensation) Spray Polyurethane Foam Alliance 1300 Wilson T3ivd. ArlinStan, VA, 22209 800-523-6154 4 CATHEDRALIZED ATTIC DETAIL NOTE IN COLO CLIMATES. EMBED METAL CONNECTOR PLATES IN SPF TO PREVENT WINTER-TIME CONOENSATION. CLOSEO-CPLLSPF TO SPECIFIEO THICKNESS ROOF SHEATHING n TRUSS TOP CORD RAFTER n nnnnnnn nnnnnnnn nnnnnnnrt n nn PROTECT SPF SURFACE FRONT IGNITION CEIUNG I TFIERMA.L 13ARMER AS RECGIRFD BY CODE AS HOWREO BY CODE 4l QSPFA�� ai AmeBican IaaEGb Count l 1390 Wison ll..I 'd. 80. a00 Aningfp ' VA22209 a9o-sz3sisa vnrr.sproylosm,«g ®2003 SPFA Energy Design Updatem In short,. specifying that ducts should be installed within the conditioned space is easier said than done. Although Zoeller's tone is war -weary, he retains his sense of humor. "We've been messing around with all kinds of ways to do this --dropped soffits, plenum trusses, burying ducts in attic cellulose or polyurethane foam," he says. "We've tried different systems, proved there, and messed up, again and again. We understand the limitations of all the systems out there." Instantaneous Hot Water Since no one wanted to cut down the mature shade trees on the model house lot, a solar water heater was ruled out. Instead, domestic hot water is provided by a nat- ural gas Takagi instantaneous water heater with a flow rate of up to 6.9 gallons per minute. The sealed -combus- tion unit has a 3 -inch combustion air duct and a 4 -inch flue vented through the roof. The water heater has elec- tronic ignition, and therefore no wasteful pilot light. Since the heating load in Gainesville is relatively low --- Gainesville has a design temperature of 320F—heat is provided by a fair/coil unit (an Aquecoil unit from Trevor -Martin Corporation) supplied with hot water from the water heater, "Since the Takagi unit has a capacity of 168,000 Btus per hour, it can handle the domestic loot water load in addition to the hydrocoil load without a problem," says Zoeller. Using the water heater for heat avoids the cost of a furnace; however, a condensing furnace would have been more energy-effi- cient. According to Zoeller, "A condensing furnace would be overkill in Gainesville." All interior lighting fixtures have fluorescent tubes or compact fluorescent bulbs, and all appliances have the Energy Star label. To maintain high indoor air quality, the house has no carpeting. Energy Use The house has achieved a HERS score of 92. When some last-minute air sealing work is completed, Jones expects the HERS score to rise to 94.5. 4earls from Affordable Comfort hi late April, the annual. Affordable Comfort conference VV attracted 1,371 attendees, a record number, to Minneapolis (see Figure 3). As usual, a renowned gath- ering of energy -efficiency experts presented workshops on a wide range of topics, including new construction, weatherization, and HVAC systems. June 2004 Because of its tight, well -insulated envelope, as well as its high performance windows, the Madera house has very low heating and cooling loads. Moreover, those loads are satisfied by relatively efficient HVAC equip- ment. Computer modeling by the CARB team projects that the house will use 70% less energy for heating, cooling, and domestic hot water than a conventional house (that is, a house with 2x4 walls, R-13 wall insula- tion, R-19 attic insulation, a 78% AFUE furnace, and. a SEER -10 air conditioner). Its total energy use --includ- ing lighting, appliances, and "plug loads" is expected to be about half that of a conventional home. Jones predicts that the home will sell for about $364,000. He estimates tl_1t the home`s energy -efficiency features added about r/o to the home's construction costs. For more information, contact: Eco -Block, P.O. Box 14814, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33302. Tel: (800) 595-0820 or (954) 766-2900; Fax: (954) 761- 3133; Web site: wzomeco-block.com. Pierce Jones, University of Florida Energy Extension Service, P.O: Box 110940, Gainesville, FL 32611-0940. E- mail: ez@energy.ufi.edu. Jordan Windows & Doors, P.O. Box 18377, Memphis, TN 38181-0377. Tel: (901) 363=2121; Fax: (901) 362-5051; E-mail; custserv_ewd®jordanconnpanycom; Web site; htip.I/jordancom pan y.com. Takagi USA, 3-13 Goodyear, Irvine, CA 92618. Tel: (888) 882-5244 or (949) 770-7171; Fax: (949) 770-3171; Web site: wzvw.fakagi-usa.com- Trevor-Martin Corporation, 4151112th Terrace North, Clearwater, FL 33762. Tel: (800) 875-1490 or (727) 573- 1490; Fax: (727) 572-9350; Web site: zvwzatrevormartin- corp.com. William Zoeller, Consortium of Advanced Residential Buildings, 50 Washington Street, 6th Floor, Norwalk, CT 06854. E-mail: wzoeller@swinter.com. Many experts sprinkled their presentations with pithy statements, strong opinions, and wit. In a workshop called Wet, Stinky Basements, Terry Brennan, president: of Canuo den Associates in Westmoreland, New York, said; "What distinguishes a pond from a basement is a drain." Larry Paimiter, senior scientist at Ecotope in �Mortu"bscrigtions call 1-800.638-8437 or visit our Web site at www.aspenpublishers.com Energy Design Update® why it's important to get the energy loads down before spending all this money on solar." l� vented Cathedral Ceilings June 2004 without the rigid insulation, you have been playing with fire and getting away with it. As soon as the inte- rior moisture level gets above 30 percent, you will run into trouble." n Dean Talbott, program manager at Minnesota Power in Duluth: "A lot of builders have been installing f oseph Lstiburek: "You get some vapor diffusion unvented cathedral ceilings. We were told we could get through OSB or plywood and shingles, so you don't away with it. I hope they can work, because there are a want to put Ice and Water Shield over the whole roof lot of them out there. But we have tested a few that unless it is perfectly ventilated or insulated above the have failed miserably. The people promoting these deck with rigid insulation." unvented hot roofs say that we know how to keep moisture out of the roof assembly, so if we build therri llnvented Conditioned Attics carefully we can save energy and simplify the construe- Josept Lstiburelc: ".The more complicated the roof, the tion. But there are ways that moisture is getting into harder, it is to vent. In heavy snow areas, if the building some of these roofs. One of them failed after eight or has a corn licated roof, I always recommendsdin nine years. The builder pulled it apart, disposed of the an unvented roof." rotten materials, and put it back together the same way it was built originally. A year later the homeowner Joseph Lstiburek: "There are climatic limitations to the called us in to look at it. We tested the roof with our use of low-density spray foams, like Icynene for moisture meter, and the sheathing was completely sat- unvented conditioned attics. In Minneapolis we are urated. The point is, if there is any leakage this is a finding there is moisture accumulation at the totally unforgiving assembly." Icynene/roof deck interface. Icynene should not be installed against a roof deck any farther north- than Joseph Lstiburek: "For an unvented insulated roof in a cold climate, you need to control the temperature of the condensing surface, so you need to add rigid insulation on top of the deck. The colder the climate, the more insulation you need. In Minnesota you need to add more than 50 percent of the roof R -value on top of the decd,,. An unvented cathedral ceiling insulated with dense -pack cellulose will only work, in my view, ,with thermal insulation on top of the beck, unless you have almost no moisture inside. If this system works for you, NEWS BRIEFS SACRAMENTO, CA ---The California State Senate has passed a bill (S131652) requirh-ug that -a percentage of new homes in developments of 25 homes or more include photovoltaic (PV) systems beginning in 2006. The percentage of homes that will be required to have PV systems has not yet been specified. The sponsor of the bill, Democratic Senator Kevin Murray, announced, "Solar power is much more cost-effective when included in the construction of new homes." In testi- mony opposing the bill, a representative of the California Building Industry Association expressed concern over the bill's cost to builders. The California Energy Commission estimates that installing a 2 -kW PV system on a new home costs about $11,000. To become law, the bill requires the approval of Governor Schwarzenegger. Chicago or Boston. Further north, you need a vapor retarder over the Icynene if it is exposed ---two layers of latex paint will work. But closed -cell foam works for this application everywhere." For more information on the annual Affordable Comfort conference, contact Affordable Comfort, 32 Church Street, Suite 204, Waynesburg, PA 15370. Tel; (800) 344-4866 or (724) 627-5200; Pax: (724) 6275226; Web site: www.aafferdablecomfort.org. ATLANTA, GA --Scientists from the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) axe studying the use of radar to detect mold behind gypsum wallboard. According to the researchers, mold emits a unique backscatter signa- ture when exposed to millimeter -wave high-resolution radar. The researchers hope to develop a hand-held . radar. mold detector that aright sell for $1,000 to $2,000. "We think this technology is on the cutting edge for detecting mold behind walls," says GTRI researcher Gene Greneker. For more information, visit http://gta-esec rcltiiew,g,gatech.t,du. MADISON, WI As part of the US Department of Energy's Building America program, the Consortium of Advanced Residential Buildings (CARE) will be test- ing the performance of MernBrain, the smart vapor For subscriptions call 1.800438-8437 or visit our Web site at'www.aspenpublishers.com 8 Energy Design Updateo The Right Way Tu Cathedralize An Attic In a recent paper published in'the journal of .Building Physics, Armin Rudd, an engineer with the Building Science Corporation of Westford, Massachusetts, sum- marized the results of his investigations into the perfor- mance of Cathedralized attics. (Ali attic is "cathedral- ized" by moving the insulation fxom the attic floor to the rafter bays, thereby creating a conditioned space for attic HVAC equipment. For more information on Cathedral- ized attics, see EDU, November 1997, September 1998, and October 2002.) Rudd's paper identifies several potential pitfalls facing anyone buildhig a Cathedralized attic. He advises; In a cold dim ate, builders should avoid using a fibrous insulation that is permeable to air movement (see Figure 2). hn a cold climate, builders using lcynene or similar low-density foams should include a vapor barrier. Ina hot humid climate, builders should install a vapor- '-ardin roof tuaderlayment under asphalt shingles. Most Cathedralized .Attics Worlr Well Rudd's paper reports on field investigations and research proj- ects in at least six states: California, Florida, Massachusetts, Mirmesota, Texas, and Wisconsin. Most of the Cathedralized attics he inspected performed. well. For example, Rudd inspected two attics in Florida that had been Cathedralized by spraying open -cell, law -density foarn insula- tion on the underside of the plywood roof sheathing. He reports: "At the time of inspection, the roof sheath- ing showed no signs of moisture condensation, mold, discoloration, delamination, or deterioration. The roof sheathing and adjacent frain- ing appeared as good as new. Wood moisture content reading ranged between 77' and 1617o for the slneath- ing, with the median about 10%." Indirectly Conditioned Attics Most Cathedralized attics are indirectly conditioned—that is, they lack a regis- February 2006 ter supplying conditioned air from the furnace or air conditioner. However, even without direct condition- ing, an attic that is capped with insulation is usually within a few degrees of the temperature of the condi- tioned space below. For example, monitoring equip- ment installed in the cathedralized attics of ten homes in Baa- ng, California, showed that: "... During the cooling season the ... [attics were within] -2°F and a•6°F of the living space, with the largest group between -2 and 0'F temperature difference.... During the heat- h-ig season, the ... [attics were] mostly between -2°F and +2°F of the living space, with the largest group between -2'F and 0°;i temperature difference. 'These are small differences." Rudd concluded, "The measured temperature condi- tions showed that the UC [ttnvented conditioned] attics were essentially at the same conditions as the actively conditioned space. This did not change with Figure 2. Air -permeable insulation, like this netted cellulose, should not be used to cathedralize an attic in a cold climate, The photo shows one of the roof assemblies In Phoenix, Arizona, studied byArmin Rudd; a HOBO temperature 1 relative humidity sen- sor is visible on one of the truss chords. For subscriptions call 1.800-638-8437 or visit our Web site at www.aspenpublishers.com February 2006 Energy Design Update@ Figure 3. When Icynene is used to insulate a cathedralized attic in Florida, no vapor retarder is necessary, in cold climates, however, an interior vapor retarder is necessary to avoid possible moisture problems. variation in the leakage and p-ressure differential test results. Hence, the current opinion is that the UC attic space behaves nearly the same as the actively condi- tioned space below it when it meets the leakage crite- ria for building enclosures with the attic access open," Shingles Don't Get Too Hot Rudd found that insulating the roof deck does not sig- nificantly increase the temperature of asphalt shingles. He wrote, "The summertime average daily tempera- ture of roofing materials is nearly unchanged whether vented or unvented." For example, hi Jacksonville, Florida, Rudd found, on average over the whole month [August 20011, the UC attic shingles were 0.2°F warmer than those over the standard vented attic. These data represent the worst case—dark, gray -black, south -facing shingles." Although some manufacturers of asphalt shingles may still dispute the issue, Rudd concludes: "Since the tem- perature of the roof shingles was shown not to be sig- nificantly affected by the presence of insulation it was unlikely to affect the durability of the shirigles," The Importance of Stopping Air Movement Because fiberglass insulation provides no barrier to air movement, Rudd recomtnnends against using fiber- glass bans in cathedralized attics, especially in cold climates. He writes, "The earliest form of UC attics used in residential construction employed polyure- thane spray foam insulation adhered directly to the underside of the roof sheathing and gable end walls, This has been especially successful in hot humid regions to remedy moisture -related problems caused by the condensation of moist air on cool supply air ducts or on gypsum wallboard surfaces.... The spray foam application inherently eliminates air movement, whereas the fibrous insolation applications [netted -and -blown cellulose or fiberglass batts] allow air movement which, depending on the sheathing temperature, can lead to moisture condensation tinder the roof sheathing." In cold climates, fiberglass insulation will fail in this application unless rigid insulation is installed on top of the roof deck. Rudd advises, "If air -permeable insulation is used for UC attics in climates -with roof sheathing temperatures that dip below 45OF for days at a time, then rigid insulation should be installed above the structural roof sheathing to keep the roof sheathing temperature above 45'F." Elsewhere, he writes, "When cold temperatures prevail for extended periods, it is doubly important to avoid moisture condensation on roof sheathing. Aix -impermeable polyurethane spray foam applied continuously and directly to the under- side of the roof sheathing and framing is preferred." lcynene Problems Although there have been sporadic reports of moisture problems in Icynene-insulated 1-jot3aes (see EDU, April 2005 and Jtitly 2005), there have been few pub- lished articles reporting measured moisture lev- els in lcynene-insulated wall or roof assemblies. Interestingly, Rudd's paper provides valuable data on moisture measurements in several cold -climate condi- tioned attics insulated with Icynene—or, as he refers to the insulation ixr his paper, "open -cell, semi-flex- ible, emi flex- ible, low-density foam with a published water vapor permeance of 16 imperial perm at 3 inches thickness." (In addition to Icynene, at least two oilier low-density foam products meet this description: BloBased 501. and Deinilec Selection 500). Rudd investigated six Icynene-insulated attics: four in Minnesota, one in Wisconsin, and one in Massachusetts (see Figure 3), He writes, "At all the sites investigated, at least one sample of the foam insulation was removed from within 5 feet of the roof peak. The locationnear the roof peak was chosen to reflect the worst case, since indoor air moisture conditions are most elevated at high points in roofs due to moisture buoyancy.... In some cases ... indoor hiunidity was higher than nor- mal.... Considering the severe cold climate, the high humidity conditions, and the permeable open -cell foam insulation, it is understandable that the unsatisfactory For subscriptions call 1-800-638-8437 or visit our Web site at www.aspenpublishers.com 10 Energy Design Update® Tal31e:1 --Moisture Meas&rement liesults, February 2006 Insulatlon7ype InsulatlonThIc6'.ss �. Rvof OrteElCatlori }louse Enterioi Raaf Sheathir1g'" isfg4re;'; Relaflve Humidity Conte�ic Mange ' 'Op. -cell-roam.. ' a 4" - 6" Soutli 44% �:. .: Q en -c` ll'.fo rri'.:r 3". 5" North 44° _ over -405, .-: •...o. ;0:A� ;'Y^%F v^%rLRpi�i. ©Reff cell foam 11 i'i'fi:• .. v"I!t 5 8 r ::i�f' North •..{'.ti 44/ ,f K": :: q':• �:.., i z, , s• r ;-a • ,ED •en cell. foam 5.1 _ i`."South / 1�2/ °I•. (:�f;`•;h'�s., Table E. At a Minnesota.house with an Icynene-insulated cathedralized attic, the moisture content of the roof sheathing was over 46% In twa �,.e .4 r (ocatlans; fha House Is located 1p a climate with 9,VG6 heating degree days. Other Houses inspected by Rudd had lower:,rdp(;I�eathing molstur a (cycle; at ona hauselrr IHa'ssachusetts,'all readings wer6 below 1835 moisture content. The Information in this table came fromTablg'/ €ri "Field Performance of . Unvanied Cathedral6d (LIC)Attlds In the USA;` byArm1h Rudd, wood moisture conditions were found at three out of the four houses inspected in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Despite this, there were no observations of fungal growth or wood deterioration." Rudd's paper includes a table indicating that two areas on the north roof of one of the Minnesota Homes had sheathing with a moisture content over 40% (see Table 1, page 10). At another Minnesota home, three areas on the north roof had sheathing with a moisture content between 257o and 28%. At a third Minnesota home, one area on the north roof had sheathing with a moisture content between 20% and 25%. Finally, at the Wisconsin home, two areas of the roof had sheathing with a moisture content above 40%. These moisture measurements provide a strong argument in favor of the installation of a vapor retarder in cold-clunate Icynene-insulated homes. Solar Vapor Drive Through Shingles? Rudd was one of the first investigators to identify the problem of solar vapor drive-through asphalt shingle roofs (see EDU, January 2003). In his paper, Rudd describes observations he made in a cathedral- ized attic insulated with netted cellulose insulation in Houston, Texas: "It became apparent that solar - driven moisture through composition shingles was a significant factor to be accounted for. When roof temperatures fail below the dew point because of night sky radiation, moisture condenses on the top surface of the roof. Thus, in the morning, the roofs are generally wet. Some of this moisture is drawn into the material and between the laps of the shingles. Solar radiation subsequently heats the roof surface and drives water vapor into the roof assembly.... The solar -powered vapor drive peaks at about noontime, .. While the space conditioning system (cooling plus dehumidification) can remove this moisture, it is prudent to e1iz7ninate the moisture load by installing a vapor retarding roof underlayment beneath the com- position shingles," Elsewhere, Rudd notes that water vapor can be driven into the roof assembly "whether the roof is vented or not.,, Ping-Pong Moisture Rudd's recommendation that asphalt -shingled houses with cathedralized attics in hot humid climates include low-permeance roofing underlayment has been incorpo- rated into the International Energy Conservation Code (see EDU, June 2003). In a conversation with E -DU, how- ever, Rudd noted that recent data have raised new ques- tions concerning solar vapor drive through shingles. "In Houston, we saw that moisture flow, but we weren't able to measure the quantity," said Rudd. "We were get- ting really high dew points when the sun came out, but then by end of day the plywood was very dry, Later, moisture would find its way back up to that really dry wood. We thought.it was wise to recommend the use of low -perm underlayment." Later, Rudd was surprised to discover that the same phenomenon that he observed in humid Houston was also occurring in Phoenix, where asphalt shingles are rarely wet. "At this point we are not really sure what's going on. We've seen the same phenomenon in vented and i-mvexlted roof assemblies, in both humid and dry climates. We're not saying that we were wrong that moisture is coming through the shingles, but at tads point we're not sure you need to go through the expense of installing low -perm underlayment. Actually we have never been able to quantify the mnount of moisture that is conning through the roof. We see the moisture pulse, and we believe that some amount of moisture is com- ing through, but when all is said and done, we don't really have proof of the quantity of moisture that carnes through the roof. That is still not krnown " According to Rudd, the daily moisture pulse may rep - For subscriptions call 1.800-638-6437 or visit our Web site at www.aspenpublishers.com 1 February 2006 Energy Design Updated resent a quantity of water botuicing in and out of the roof sheathing: "Additional testing has shown us that the moisture pulse --what we thought was a significant moisture pulse it turns out that a lot of that is mois- ture that is absorbed and desorbed every day from the roof sheathing. I've heard Jol-m-Straube call it'ping- pong moisture." Reached by phone, Jolm Straube, an assistant professor of civil enguleerulg at the University of Waterloo, gave credit to Joluz Timusk for cou3ing the term "ping-pong moisture." Straube agreed with Rudd tluit the source of the moisture pulse observed in some roof assem- blies remains unknown. "Somehow, the moisture inust be getting recharged periodically," said Straube. Ecohouse 2 Sue Roaf, an architecture professor at Oxford Brookes University in England, has produced a second edition of Ecohouse, her 2001 book on residential green building (see Figure 4). Devised with the help of her two co-authors, Manuel Fuentes and Stephanie Thomas, the new edition, Ecohouse 2, is subtitled "A Design Guide." The book, though flawed, is a valuable introduction to green build- ing principles. One of the houses profiled in Ecohouse 2 is Roaf's own house. Built in 1995 at a cost of $11.6 per square foot, Roaf's home includes triple -glazed windows, a 4 -kW photovoltaic (PV) system, and 54 square feet of solar thermal collectors. Because Roaf has a deep -green perspective—at one point Roaf writes that „'modern bih1dings' are literally destroying the planet"—the book favors traditional over innovative building practices. Design Guidance For the most part, Ecohouse 2 lives up to its billing as a design guide. The book provides advice onvlsulation thickness, thermal plass, ventilation, rock -bed volume, and solar collector sizing: • "Within the UK, as a rule of thumb, 150 trim 16 inches] of insulation in walls, 250 mm [10 inches] in roofs and, say, 100 am -i [4 inches] expanded poly- styrene under a concrefe ground floor are considered to result in a'superinsulated' house." • "A simple rule of thumb to use when sizatig mass in a very passive building, designed to minimize heat- ing and cooling loads, is that the optimal depth of mass for diurnal use is 100 nun [4 inches] for each exposed surface." "Otherwise the moisture level would dwindle over time. It isn't clear that it is exterior moistwe—it could be interior moisture that gets dragged back into the roof assembly every night." Until further research pies down the source of the moisture, Straube agrees with Rudd that builders installing cathedralized attics in hot humid climates should stick with low-permeance roof- ing underlayment. "Field Performance of Unvented Cathedralized (UC) Attics in the USA," by Armin Rudd, was published in the October 2005 issue of the Journal of Building Physics. For more information, contact.Armfn Rudd, 72.6 Maple Street, Ani-MIle, PA 17003; E-mail: aruddCtuildingscience. coin. • "For a well-designed house ... most problems of air quality will disappear when the air change rate is 0.2 air changes per hour, ... kltunidity control can be achieved with a rate of 0.3 air changes per hour or more." • "The rock bed volume should be 0.6 cubic meters per Figure 4. Sue Roaf's Ecohouse 2, A Design Guide is an introduction to green residential construction. 5 For subscriptions call 1.800-638-8437 or visit our Web site at www.aspenpublishers.com 2004 SUPPLEMENT TO THE IRC beyond all edges of the hole. The Steel patch shall be fastened to the web with No. 8 screws (minimum) spaced no greater than 1 inch (25.4 mm) center -to -center along the edges of the patch, with a minimum edge distance of 0.5 inch (12.7 mm). Section R804.3.6.1 Add 'new section as shown: (RB156-03104) R804.3.6.1 Holes exceeding limits. Where the depth of the hole exceeds 70% of the depth of the web or width of the hole exceeds 10 Inches, the framing member shall be 4. replaced or shall be re -designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice by a registered design professional. Section R806.2 Change to read as shown: (RB231- 03104) R806.2 Minimum area. The total netfree ventilating area shall not be less than 11150 of the area of the space ventilated except that the total area is permitted to be reduced to 11300, provided that at least 60 percent and not more than 80 percent of the required ventilating area Is provided by ventilators located In the upper portion of the space to be ventilated at least 3 feet (914 rpm) above the save or cornice vents with the balance of the required ventilation provided by save or cornice vents. As an alternative, the n at f ree c Toss -ventilation a rea m ay b e reduced to 11300 when a vapor barrier having a transmission rate not exceeding i perm (57.4 mgls.m2.Pa) is installed on the warm -in -winter side of the ceiling. Section R806.4 Add new section as shown: (EC48- 03104) R806.4 Conditioned attic assemblies: tlnvented conditioned attic assemblies (spaces between the ceiling joists of the top story and the roof rafters) are permitted under the following conditions: 1. No interior vapor retarders are installed on the ceiling side (attic floor) of the unvented attic assembly. 2. An air -impermeable insulation is applied in direct contact to the underside/interior of the structural roof deck. "Air -impermeable" shall be defined by ASTM E 283. Exception: In zones 2B and 3B, insulation is not required to be air Impermeable. 3. In the warm humid locations as defined in Section N1101.2.1: a. For asphalt roofing shingles: A 1 -perm (57.4 mgls • m2 • Pa) or less vapor retarder IRC -50 (determined using Procedure B of ASTM E 96) is placed to the exterior of the structural roof deck; i.e., just above the roof structural sheathing. b. For wood shingles and shakes; a minimum continuous 1/4 -inch (6 mm)vented airspace separates the shinglestshakes and the roofing felt placed over the structural sheathing. In zones 3 through 8 as defined in 8ectlon.:; TECHNICAL BULLETIN FOAMENTERPRISES LLC This will confirm Elk premium roofing products have been approved for use with polyurethane spray -in-place foam manufactured by Foam Enterprises, LLC since September 9, 2003 and carry the full limited warranty provided the installation requirements are followed. ➢ FE loo, FE 110, FE 3031.7 (effective 919/03) A FE 148, FE 158, and FE 168 (effective 5126105) INSTALLATION REOUMEMENTS 1. All structural roof work including decking/sheathing is in place and in compliance with local codes. 2. The spray -in-place foam is applied in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and guidelines to the underside of the roof decking/sheathing and complies with local codes. Apply Elk starter strip, Elk hip and ridge shingles, and Elk field shingles in accordance with the recommendations printed on each bundle wrapper. Elk hip and ridge shingles will carry the limited warranty period applicable to the Elk field shingles. 4. Elk will not be responsible for any deficiencies or movement of the roof deck, manufacturing defects in the fasteners resulting in their failure to perform; and/or improper application of the substrate or Elk fiberglass shingles. 5. It is the responsibility of the design professional to examine the need for structural ventilation and to ensure interior air duality. For any building, construction must be in compliance with local codes. For our product specifications, limited warranties, or other information regarding Elk premium building products, please contact the Elk location nearest you or visit our web site at www.elkeorp.com. For information regarding the Foam Enterprises products please call 800-888-3342 or visit their web site at www.foamenterprises.com. T138D.020 RI 12119185 P.O. Box 500 4600 Sllllman Blvd.LL& - Shaf ter, CA xerkA 32 ]?o. Box 228 Ennis, TX 75120 Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 5haf93263 Myersto44344 PA V067Toll Free 1-800-946-6545 The Premium Ch Ii 1-800.355-4968 1-800.94 1-866-355-8324 www. a 11c c o r p . c oin TECHNICA.L B COMFORTFOAM 1LLETI This will confirm Elk premium roofing products have been approved for use with polyurethane spray -in-place foam manufactured by Comfort Foam since March 16, 2000 and carry the full limited warranty provided the installation requirements are followed. ➢ CF 100, CF 110, and CF 300 (effective 3/16100) ➢ CF 148, CF 158, and CF 168 (effective 5126/05) INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS 1, All structural roof work including decking/sheathing is in place and in compliance with local codes. 2. The spray -in-place foam is applied in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and guidelines to the underside of the roof decking/sheathing and complies with local codes. 3. Apply Elk starter strip, Elk hip and ridge shingles, and Elk field shingles in accordance with the recommendations printed on each bundle wrapper, Elk hip and ridge shingles will carry the limited warranty period applicable to the Elk f eld shingles. 4. The Elly Corporation will not be responsible for any deficiencies or movement of the roof deck, manufacturing defects in the fasteners resulting in their failure to perform, and/or improper application of the substrate or Elk fiberglass shingles. 5. It is the responsibility of the design professional to examine the need for structural ventilation and to ensure interior air duality. For any building, construction must be in compliance with local codes. For our product specifications, limited warranties, or other information regarding Elk premium building products, please contact the Elk location nearest you or visit our web site at www.elkcorp.com. For information regarding the Comfort Foam products, please call 500-888-3342 or visit their web site at www.comfortfoam.com. TIM 005 A2 12/19105 P.O. Box 500 4600 Stillman Blvd. 6200 Zerkar Rd. P.O. Box 228 Shafter, CA 93265 Myerstown, PA 17067 Ennis, TX 75120 Tuscaloosa, AL. 35441 1-800-355-4968 1-800-944-4344 Foil Free 1-800-945-5545 The P�reinium Choice' 1.866.355-8324 w w w, e 1 is C 0 r p. c 0 M Al 1: LC71,Ci;(alltl, TECHNICAL Certaideedffi BULLETIN FIRER GLASS SHINGLES APPLIED OVER iINVENTILATEDIINSULATED ROOF DECKS No. R -201B Date Issued: 10/8/2004 Supersedes: R -201A, 211512001 CertainTeed's Lbuited Asphalt Shingle Warranty, including SureStartTm coverage, will remain in force when its fiber glass asphalt shingles manufactured to meet ASTM D3462 are applied to roof deck assemblies (slopes > 2.12) where foam insulation is prefabricated into Elie roof deck system (often called "nailboard insulation"), where insulation is installed beneath an acceptable roof deck system, or where radiant barriers are installed, with or without ventilation directly below (lie deck. See important restrictions below. • Acceptable roof deck surfaces must consist of either minimum 3/8" thick plywood or minimum 7/16" thick OSB. If an alternate deck surface material is being considered, then please contact CertainTeed at the number below. The design professional is responsible for ensuring 1) proper quality and application of the insulation and/or radiant barrier, 2)'provision of adequate structural ventilation and/or vapor retarders as deterlilined to be necessary, and 3) that all local codes are /net (particularly taking iiito account local climate conditions). Special attention must be taken if cellular foam, fiber -glass, or cellulose insulations, or other highly. -permeable insulation will be used in an unventilated system, or if the insulation/rafter or insulation/joist planes may create an air leak that could lead to moisture transmission and condensation problems. All these important factors and decisions, while not the responsibility of CertainTeed . Corporation, are critical to assure proper deck system performance. CertainTeed shall not have any liability or -responsibility under its warranty for a) Damage to or defects in its shingles caused by settlement, movement, distortion, deterioration, cracking, or other failure of the roof deck or of the materials used as a roofing base over which its shingles are applied, b) Damage caused by the growth of mold or mildew, or c) Defects, damage, or failure caused by application of its shingles not in strict adherence with CertainTeed's written instructions. Roofing Systems Technical Service CertainTeed Corporation Roofing Products Group 1400 Union Meeting Road; P.O. Baa 1100 Blue Bell, PA 19422 500-345-1145 Qualified Shingle Manufacturers In regards to residential steep -slope roofing products and shingle manufacturers, there are specific companies that have no implication of exclusions from warranty coverage. This table is a list of all approved asphalt shingle manufacturers with warranties that are not affected from the following exclusions listed in the .2001-2003 Residential Steep -Slope Roofing Materials Guide by the National Roofing Contractors Association: ➢ Defects in, failure or improper application of, roof insulation, roof deck, or any other underlying surface of material used as a base over which the shingles are applied. ➢ Application of shingles directly to insulation or an insulating deck without manufacturer's prior approval. *Please note some companies may have one of the two above exclusions listed. They have been noted in italics following the company name, Company Name Products Covered Atlas Roofing Corporation StormMaster LM, StormMaster ST, Pinnacle 40, Pinnacle 30, GlassMaster 25, GlassMaster 25 Alpine, GlassMaster 25 Matterhorn, GlassMaster 20, GlassMaster T-LOK, Chalet, Stratford, Legend, WeatherMaster ST, WeatherMaster 20, WeatherMaster T-LOK, and MOD 90 MSR CertainTeed Corporation Grand Manor Shangle, Carriage House Shangle, Presidential TL, Landmark TL, Presidential Shake (and . AR), Independence Shangle (and AR), Landmark 40 (and AR), Halteras, Woodscape 40, Hallmark Shangle, *This manufacturer still applies the first Landmark 30 (and AR), Custom Sealdon 30, XT 30 of the two above listed exclusions, (and AR), Woodscape 30, Landmark 25 (anti AR), Classic Horizon Shangle, New Horizon Shangle, Hear-thstead, Custom Lok 25, XT 25 (and AR), Sealdon 25, Woodscape 25, Firehalt (and AR), Seal King 25, Jet 25, CT 20 (and AR), Firescreen Elk Corporation of Alabama or Elk Elk Ridge Crest Vented High Profile Ridge, Ridgecrest Corporation of Texas High Profile Hip & Ridge, Seal -A -Ridge with formula FLX, Z ridge and other Elk Hip and Ridge Shingles, Prestique Plus 40, Prestique Plus 40 with StainGuard, Prestique Gallery Collection, Prestique Gallery Collection with StainGaurd, Prestique 135, Prestique 1 35 with StainGuard, Prestique 30, Prestique 30 with StainGuard, Prestique 30 -MD, Prestique 30 -MD with StainGuard, Prestique 25 Raised Profile, Prestique 25 Raised Profile with StainGuard, Ridgecrest vented high Profile ridge, Z Ridge, Seal -A -Ridge with Formula FLX 2/14/2002 Company Name Products Covered Elk Corporation of Alabama Capstone 40, Capstone 40 with StainGuard Georgia Pacific Corporation Summit III, Summit, Tough -Glass Plus, Tough -Glass, Tough -Glass T -Lock, Premium -25, Aspalt-20, Savannah GAF Materials Corporation Royal Sovereign, Marquis WeatherMax, Timberline 25, Original Timberline, Timberline Ultra, Slateline, *This manufacturer applies the second of Grand Sequoia, Grand Canyon, Country Mansion, the two above listed exclusions. You must Country Estates: all GAF Weather Stopper products, call for prior approval - 800 -ROOT -411. Sentinel Herbert Malarkey Roofing Company Type 202, Dura Seal -20, Type 204 Dura Seal -25, Type 230 Alaskan *This manufacturer still applies the first of the two above listed exclusions. IKO Manufacturing Inc. Chateau, Crowne 30, Cambridge 25, Cambridge 30, Cambridge, 40 AR, Renaissance XL, Aristocrat 25, Imperial Gentry 25, Royal Victorian, Skyline 25, Cathedral XL, Imperial Seal 20, Imperial Glass 20, Regency Marathon 20, 25, 30: ArmourLock 20, Ultra 25 Owens Corning Oakridge 40 Deep Shadow (AR), Oakridge 40 AR Deep Shadow, Oakridge 30 Shadow, Oakridge 30 AR *This manufacturer still applies the first Shadow, Oakridge 25, Oakridge 25 AR, Prominence & of the two above listed exclusions, AR Supreme, Supreme 30, Supreme, Supreme AR Glaslock, Classic & AR, Glaslock PABCO Rooting Products, a Division of Premier Advantage, SG -25/3M Algae Block, GC -20, Pacific Coast Building Products, Inc, Premier -40, Premier 30/3M Algae Block, Premier -25, Premier -25/3M Algae Block *This manufacturer still applies the first of the two above listed exclusions. Tamko Roofing Products, Inc. Heritage 40 AR, Heritage 40, Heritage 30 AR, Heritage 25 AR, Elite Glass -Seal AR, Glass -Seal AR, Heritage *This manufacturer still applies the first 40, Heritage 30, Heritage 25, Elite Glass -Seal, Elite of the two above listed exclusions. Glass -Seal AR, Glass -Seal, Glass -Seal, Tam -Loc Glass, Organic Seal -Down 25, Heritage M40, Heritage M30, Heritage M25 2/14/2002