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Behar Property Edmonds - Drive-Thru Queuing Analysis.pdf TENW Transportation Engineering NorthWest MEMORANDUM February 13, 2017 DATE: Helene Behar, President TO: Behar Company Michael Read, PE, Principal, TENW FROM: 22019 SR 99, Edmonds, WA SUBJECT: Vehicle Queuing Analysis of Drive-Thru Operations TENW Project No. 3496 This memorandum summarizes the results of a vehicle queuing analysis of the proposed commercial redevelopment at 22019 SR 99 in Edmonds, WA. The project would remove an existing 6,185 square-foot medical office building with a smaller commercial building that would comprise a 3,400 square-foot bank (with drive thru) and a 2,400 square-foot coffee shop (with drive thru). An existing access driveway onto SR 99 would also be removed as part of the project. To evaluate vehicle queuing, and expanded trip generation analysis was conducted and compared with the available queue storage areas that would be constructed to serve each commercial use along with typical service rates to address the adequacy of vehicle operations within proposed on-site drive-thru areas as part of the project. Project Trip Generation Analysis Published trip rate equations compiled by the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) , 2012, were initially used to estimate a.m. peak hour and p.m. peak hour traffic that would be generated by the proposed redevelopment assuming a new Coffee Stand (with Drive Thru) (ITE Land Use Code 936) and a new Bank (with Drive Thru) (ITE Land Use Code 912). A local trip generation study of StarbuckÊs restaurants throughout the Seattle region was applied to the Coffee Stand with Drive-Thru given the local nature and data collection methods. To address vehicle queueing, neither pass-by or internal adjustments were considered as gross vehicle trip generation for each commercial use was applied. A detailed summary of trip generation calculations is provided in Attachment A. As shown in Table 1, an estimated 144 a.m. peak hour trips (72 entering and 72 exiting) and 75 total p.m. peak hour vehicular trips (37 entering and 38 exiting) would be generated in total by the proposed Coffee Stand with Drive-Thru use. Also in Table 1, the proposed Bank with Drive-Thru is estimated to generate a total of 41 a.m. peak hour trips (23 entering and 18 exiting) and 60 total p.m. peak hour vehicular trips (32 entering and 28 exiting). || Transportation PlanningDesign Traffic Impact & Operations | PO Box 65254, Seattle, WA 98155Office (206) 361-7333 Vehicle Queuing Analysis of Drive-Thru Operations 22019 SR 99 – Edmonds, WA Research was also conducted for the split of total trip generation for Ðwalk-inÑ trips versus Ðdrive- thruÑ trips for each commercial uses as this does affect the actual number of trip that would be served via the drive-thru. To address ÐmaximumÑ queuing potential, total entering trips during the a.m. peak hour for the Coffee Stand with Drive-Thru and total entering trips during the p.m. peak hour were used to evaluate vehicle queuing. Table 1 22019 SR 99 - Trip Generation Analysis of Drive-Thru Demand Time Period InOutTotal Standard ITE Rates – Coffee Stand with Drive-Thru Weekday AM Peak Hour 72 72 144 Weekday PM Peak Hour 37 38 75 Standard ITE Rates – Bank with Drive-Thru Weekday AM Peak Hour 23 18 41 Weekday PM Peak Hour 32 28 60 th Source: Trip Generation Manual, 9 Edition, ITE, 2012. As both proposed commercial uses would include both a walk-in area and a drive-through window, the estimated trip generation for the use as a whole would contain both trips generated by drive-through only trips as well as those that arrive/leave the site that are generated for the walk- in areas. To obtain information related to these different trip types, TENW researched available historical information and found a trip generation study at 6 different Starbucks restaurants throughout the Puget Sound region conducted by Transportation Planning and Engineering in 1999, including a store in Lynnwood (Attachment B). This detailed trip generation study surveyed distinct trips between the drive-through and sit down areas offered by each Starbucks site and found an average of 58 percent of all trips during the a.m. peak hour and 43 percent of all trips during the p.m. peak hour were related to the sit-down portion of the restaurants only. Applying these split percentages to the total trip generation of the Coffee Stand with Drive-Thru a.m. peak hour entering vehicles of 72, resulted in a peak hour entering demand of approximately 42 vehicle trips during the morning peak hour. Given an assumed maximum average service rate of 2 minutes per vehicle, average vehicle queues of 2.5 vehicles are expected assuming random arrival rates with a maximum queue of less than 4 vehicles. Detailed calculations of the queuing analysis are provided in Attachment C. Our research identified no published data is available for the split between drive-thru lanes and walk-in banking trip types. As such, a 75 split for drive-thru lanes was assumed for the bank use. Applying a split percentages to the Bank with Drive-Thru a.m. peak hour entering vehicles of 32, resulted in a peak hour entering demand of approximately 24 vehicle trips during the morning peak hour. Given an assumed maximum average service rate of 3 minutes per vehicle but with 2 service lanes, average vehicle queues of 0.5 vehicles are expected assuming random arrival rates with a maximum queue of less than 1.0 vehicles. Detailed calculations of the queuing analysis are provided in Attachment C. As the site plan would provide for a 4-vehicle queue area for the Coffee Stand and a 6-vehicle queue area for the Bank, no on-site queuing impacts would occur (Attachment D). TENW February 13, 2017 Page 2 Attachment A Project Trip Generation for Vehicle Queuing *******PM Peak Hour**************PM Peak Hour**************PM Peak Hour******* Land UseAreaUnitsITE LUCInOutTotalInOutTotalLand UseAreaUnitsITE LUCInOutTotalInOutTotal 2,200GLA93632.8432.8465.687272144 3,400GLA9126.795.2912.082318412,200GLA93616.7217.1733.893738753,400GLA9129.338.2417.57322860 Trips Generation RateTrips GeneratedTrips Generation RateTrips Generated *******PM Peak Hour******* AM Peak Hour (October 2016 Land Use Program) PM Peak Hour (October 2016 Land Use Program) Source: Trip Generation Manual, 9th Edition, ITE, 2012 and TPE Trip Generation Study in Seattle Region (1990's)Source: Trip Generation Manual, 9th Edition, ITE, 2012 and TPE Trip Generation Study in Seattle Region (1990's) Trip Generation Analysis for Vehicle Queuing COFFEE STAND (WITH DRIVE THRU)COFFEE STAND (WITH DRIVE THRU) Behar Property - Edmonds BANK (WITH DRIVE THRU)BANK (WITH DRIVE THRU) 2/13/2017 Attachment B Historical Puget Sound Starbucks Trip Generation Studies Starbucks Trip Generation Summary Starbucks Trip Generation Summary AM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION RATE (Sit-Down + Drive-Thru) 2 AM Peak Hour TripsAM Peak Hour Trip Rates 1 LocationSquare FeetEnteringExiting TotalEnteringExiting Total Lynnwood1,798898917849.549.599 Kenmore2,782595911821.2121.2142.42 Federal Way1,983535310626.7226.7353.45 Puyallup1,820737314640.1140.1180.22 Bonney Lake1,80048489626.6626.6753.33 Average =32.8432.8465.68 PERCENT PASS-BY/DIVERTED LINK TRIPS Percent Pass- Percent Primary by/Diverted 122 LocationTotal SurveyPrimary TripsTripsLink Trips Lynnwood1413021%79% Kenmore1001212%88% Federal Way982526%74% Puyallup1161916%84% Bonney Lake16213%87% Average =82% Notes 1. All Starbucks locations included drive through windows. 2. Data collected by Transportation Planning & Engineering 11/99-12/99. AM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION RATE (Sit Down Area) 2 AM Peak Hour TripsAM Peak Hour Trip Rates 1 LocationSquare FeetEnteringExiting TotalEnteringExiting Total Lynnwood1,79840408022.2422.2544.49 Kenmore2,7822020407.197.1914.38 Federal Way1,98322224411.0911.122.19 Puyallup1,82028285615.3815.3930.77 Bonney Lake1,80024244813.3313.3426.67 Average =13.8513.8527.70 AM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION RATE (Drive-Thru) 2 AM Peak Hour TripsAM Peak Hour Trip Rates 1 LocationSquare FeetEnteringExiting TotalEnteringExiting Total Lynnwood1,79849499827.2527.2654.51 Kenmore2,78239397814.0214.0228.04 Federal Way1,98331316215.6315.6431.27 Puyallup1,82045459024.7224.7349.45 Bonney Lake1,80024244813.3313.3426.67 Average =18.9919.0037.99 Notes 1. All Starbucks locations included drive through windows. 2. Data collected by Transportation Planning & Engineering 11/99-12/99. SBUX TGEN TP&E Study.xls Starbucks Trip Generation Summary Starbucks Trip Generation Summary PM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION RATE (Sit-Down + Drive-Thru) 2 PM Peak Hour TripsPM Peak Hour Trip Rates 1 LocationSquare FeetEnteringExiting TotalEnteringExiting Total Lynnwood1,79847479426.1426.1452.28 Kenmore2,7822424488.628.6317.25 Federal Way1,9831717348.578.5817.15 Puyallup1,82044448824.1724.1848.35 Bonney Lake1,80031316217.2217.2234.44 Average =16.9416.9533.89 PERCENT PASS-BY/DIVERTED LINK TRIPS Percent Pass- Percent Primary by/Diverted 122 LocationTotal SurveyPrimary TripsTripsLink Trips Lynnwood641219%81% Kenmore411332%68% Federal Way33721%79% Puyallup62915%85% Bonney Lake241146%54% Average =73% Notes 1. All Starbucks locations included drive through windows. 2. Data collected by Transportation Planning & Engineering 11/99-12/99. PM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION RATE (Sit Down Area) 2 PM Peak Hour TripsPM Peak Hour Trip Rates 1 LocationSquare FeetEnteringExiting TotalEnteringExiting Total Lynnwood1,79828285615.5715.5831.15 Kenmore2,7821414285.035.0310.06 Federal Way1,98355102.522.525.04 Puyallup1,82022224412.0912.0924.18 Bonney Lake1,80023234612.7812.7825.56 Average =9.609.6019.20 PM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION RATE (Drive-Thru) 2 PM Peak Hour TripsPM Peak Hour Trip Rates 1 LocationSquare FeetEnteringExiting TotalEnteringExiting Total Lynnwood1,79819193810.5610.5721.13 Kenmore2,7821010203.593.67.19 Federal Way1,9831212246.056.0512.1 Puyallup1,82022224412.0912.0924.18 Bonney Lake1,80088164.444.458.89 Average =7.357.3514.70 Notes 1. All Starbucks locations included drive through windows. 2. Data collected by Transportation Planning & Engineering 11/99-12/99. SBUX TGEN TP&E Study.xls 1/11/2017 Attachment C Vehicle Queuing Models Coffee Stand Coffee Stand with Drive-Thru Model 2 (M/C/1 Queue): Single server, Infinite Population, Poisson Arrival, FCFS, Constant Service Time, Unlimited Queue Length Inputs hour Unit of time Arrival rate ()vehicles pehou 42rr Service rate ()vehicles pehou 30rr Outputs Mean time between arrivals 0.024 Exact time per service (no variability)hou r 0.03333333 Traffic intensityhou 1.4r Summary measures Utilization rate of server 140.0% Average number of vehicles waiting in line (nl)vehicles 2.45 Peak number of vehicles in system (ns)vehicles 3.85 Average time waiting in line (tl)minutes 3.5 Average time in system (ts)minutes 5.5 Page 1 Bank Drive-Thru Bank with Drive-Thru Model 2 (M/C/1 Queue): Sinle server, Infinite Population, Poisson Arrival, FCFS, Constant Service Tim, Unlimited Queue geL Inputs hour Unit of time Arrival rate vehicles pehou 24 ()rr Service rate 2 service lanes with 3-min service ratevehicles pehou 40 ()()rr Outputs Mean time between arrivals 0.042 Exact time per service no variabilithou 0.025 (y)r Traffic intensithou 0.6 yr Summary measures Utilization rate of serve 60.0% r Averae number of vehicles waitin in line nlvehicles 0.45 gg() Peak number of vehicles in sstemnsvehicles 1.05 y() Averae time waitin in line tlminutes 1.125 gg() Averae time in sstemtsminutes 2.625 gy() Page 1 Attachment D Vehicle Queue Areas on Site Plan 8 10 4 Area) 2 Drive-Thru Queue (4-stall 7 Coffee (COFFEE 2,450 SF + BANK 3,090 SF) 8 RETAIL BUILDING FL.@XXX ONE-STORY PROPOSED 5,540 SF FIN. 10 6 Area) 4 Drive-Thru 5 Queue 4 (6-stall Bank ) 1 7 . O N D A O R E T A T S ( 9 9 - R S