Hazard tree exemption STF20180030.pdfCITY OF EDMONDS
121 5th Avenue North, Edmonds WA 98020
Phone: 425.771.0220 • Fax: 425.771.0221 • Web: www.edmondswa.gov
DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT • PLANNING DIVISION
111 c. 189v
August 13, 2018
Greg Hinkel
7517 172" d St. SW
Edmonds, WA 98020
Subject: Hazard Tree Removal (STF20180030)
Dear Mr. Hinkel,
The City of Edmonds was contacted on your behalf by Washington Tree Experts regarding the
removal of a red alder tree on the parcel to your north at 17110 74th Ave. W. The identified
tree was located on a small steep slope, which is a critical area pursuant to Edmonds
Community Development Code (ECDC) Chapters 23.40 and 23.80.
Generally, the removal of trees or vegetation within a critical area or critical area buffer is not
an allowed activity unless it involves the removal of invasive species or hazard trees pursuant to
ECDC 23.40.220.C.8. Normal maintenance of vegetation is an allowed activity in critical areas.
"Normal maintenance of vegetation" is defined as "removal of shrubs/nonwoody vegetation
and trees (less than four -inch diameter at breast height) that occurs at least every other year.
Maintenance also may include tree topping that has been previously approved by the city in the
past five years." In this case, the subject alder tree was larger than 4" DBH so tree hazard
evaluation is required.
The alder established itself on top of a rockery which impacted root growth and caused
significant lean. That, along with other structural defects that were present, indicate the alder
was a candidate for removal.
An exemption for tree cutting is granted with the following condition:
Two replacement trees of a species native to the area must be installed within one year
of the tree cutting activity. Evergreen species must be a minimum of 6-feet in height
while deciduous species must be a minimum of one to two inches diameter at breast
height consistent with ECDC 23.40.220.C.8.b.iv. A vine maple and a serviceberry are
proposed as replacements.
If you have any questions, please let me know at either michael.clugston@edmondswa.gov or
425-771-0220.
Sincerely,
P�/ r�—
Mike Clugston, AICP
Senior Planner
Encl: Arborist report and supporting documentation prepared by Eugene Wells (#PN6834A) of
Washington Tree Experts
Cc: Washington Tree Experts
Stephen Lee
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 1 of 7
Washington Tree Experts
9792 Edmonds Way #123
Edmonds, WA 98020
206-362-3380
wtetree@yahoo.com
August 6, 2018
To: Mike Clugston, AICP
Senior Planner
City of Edmonds
Client name: Greg Hinkel
Street: 7517 172nd St SW
City, Zip: Edmonds, WA 98020
Re: Red Alder (Alnus rubra)
Location: 17110 741" Ave W
Assignment:
Provide documentation and apply post mortem for hazard tree removal approval in an
environmentally critical area.
Discussion (please reference attached photos and site maps):
The volunteer Red Alder tree was on the southwest corner of the property located adjacent to
the neighbor's shared driveway. We were hired to remove the tree at the request of Mr. Hinkel.
The tree location and condition did not raise concern as it was on a terraced rockery, on flat
ground, and next to a driveway. Unfortunately, unbeknownst to the company representative
the tree is considered by the City of Edmonds to be in an environmentally critical area with a
slope of greater than 25%.
The Alder tree had several structural defects and conditions of concern. It had 3 main stems
from ground level creating a large spreading crown. Two of the stems were growing together
and had included bark at the ground level up to more than two thirds the height of the tree.
Vigorous trees with notoriously weak wood such as this are more subject to failure when having
this type of defect. The spreading crown created a significant load on the defect.
The Alder was growing at the edge and out of a rockery creating an unstable rooting situation
with a limited root zone. There is an inadequate root space to support a tree of approximately
40' in height. Absence of anchoring roots are equal to higher windthrow situations. The tree
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 2 of 7
was also damaging the rockery by pushing it out. One of the rocks has already failed.
The main stems were growing at varying degrees of lean (see assessment form) toward the
respective targets. The leans present made the trunks less stable than their vertical counter
parts due to uneven weight distribution.
Procedure:
To evaluate and to prepare the report we drew upon our 20 plus years of experience in the field
and our formal education in Forestry and Arboriculture. We also followed the protocol of the
International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) for tree risk assessment while looking at the overall
health of the trees and site conditions.
In examining each tree, we look at such factors as:
-size
-vigor
-root health
-crown health
-deadwood and hanging branches
-pest and disease
While no one can predict with absolute certainty if a tree will or will not fail, we can, by using
scientific process assess which of the trees is most likely to fail and take appropriate action.
Crown reduction was not a long term or economically wise option as Alder trees have short life
spans and they are an unwise investment for long term tree care. There were no alternate
arboriculture practices to apply that would have mitigated risk. The tree was removed to ground
level. All debris removed from site because the limited space and urban environment. The tree
removal will not adversely affect the remaining trees and landscape. The client will replace the
tree with 2 native trees as per city regulation. Installation of one Vine Maple (Acer circinatum)
and one Serviceberry (Amelanchier sp.) at the minimum size of one -inch caliper or greater to be
placed in the back yard (see attached map).
Prepared by
l__ —
, lw
Eugene Wells
ISA Certified Arborist Consulting Arborist #PN6834A
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 3 of 7
Attachments
-site maps
-tree hazard evaluation form
-illustration of tree location and degree of lean
Glossary
ANSI A300: American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards for tree care
codominant stems: stems or branches of nearly equal diameter, often weakly attached (Matheny
et al.
1998)
Crown: the aboveground portions of a tree (Lilly 2001)
DBH or DSH: diameter at breast or standard height; the diameter of the trunk measured 54
inches (4.5 feet) above grade (Matheny et al. 1998)
ISA: International Society of Arboriculture
Mitigation: process of reducing damages or risk (Lilly 2001)
Structural defects: flaws, decay, or other faults in the trunk, branches, or root collar of a tree.
Decay: process of degradation of woody tissues by fungi and bacteria through the decomposition
of cellulose and lignin (Matheny and Clark,1994)
Decline: Progressive decrease in health of organs or the entire plant, usually caused by a series
of interacting factors
Texts
M. Dirr-Manual of Woody Landscapes
R. Harris, J. Clark, N. Matheny-Arboriculture Third Edition 199
ISA Tree Risk Assessment Handbook
Site Map
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 4 of 7
Legend
= Tree removed
= Approximate location of replacement trees
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 5 of 7
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist.
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 6 of 7
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist.
Hinkel (Edmonds)
August 3, 2018
Page 7 of 7
Alder tree growing out of rockery
Second view
Line of included bark running down the center of the stump
Washington Tree Experts Certified Arborist
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TREE HAZARD EVALUATION FORM
All sections of this form must be fully completed dv a certified arborist
(A hazard tree must have a target within 1.5x the height of the tree.)
Site/Address:_ /1— -
Map/L ocation:
Owner: public private unknown other
Date: Arbori ISA#
Arborist's Signature:
TREE CHARACTERISTICS
HAZARD RATING:
+ —L—+�_
Failure + Size + Target = Hazard
Potential of part Rating Rating
Immediate action needed
Needs further inspection
Dead tree
Tree #:
r/ Species: AOC-si All c, '
DBH: 2 y # of trunks Height: y� ' Spread:
Form: ❑generally symmetric +(minor asymmetry ❑stump sprout ❑stag -headed
Crown Class: ❑ dominant it co -dominant ❑ intermediate ❑ suppressed
�/
Live crown ratio. L! % Age class: N young ❑ semi -mature ❑ mature ❑ over-mature/senescent
Pruning History: ❑crown cleaned ❑ excessively thinned ❑ topped ❑crown raised ❑ pollarded ❑crown reduced ❑flush cuts ❑cabled/braced
❑ none ❑ multiple pruning events Approx0ates:
special Value: ❑specimen Meritage/historic ❑wildlife ❑unusual ❑street tree ❑screen ❑shade ❑indigenous ❑protected bygov. agency
9 Y
TREE HEALTH
Foliage Cover. 10normal ❑ chronic ❑necrotic Epieormies? Y Growth obstructions:
Folage Density. &formal ❑sparse Leaf size: #normal❑small ❑ stakes ❑ wireftfes ❑si ns
Annual shoot growth: ❑ excellent averse ❑cables
!% g Cl❑poor Twig Diebaek7 Y ❑ curb/pavement ❑guards
Woundwood development: ❑excellent (average ❑poor ❑none lk ther lZCl.�CiQ�
Vigor class: ❑excellent III average ❑ fair ❑ poor
Major pests/diseases:
SITE CONDITIONS
Site Character. loresidence ❑commercial ❑industrial ❑park ❑open space ❑natural ❑woodland/forest
Landscape type: El parkway 11raised bed ❑ container ❑ mound ❑lawn ❑shrub border ❑ wind break
Irrigation: lonone ❑ adequate ❑ inadequate ❑ excessive ❑ trunk wattled
Recent site disturbance? Y N ❑ construction ❑soil disturbance ❑grade change ❑ line clearing ❑site clearing
% dripliine paved: 0% 10-25 % 25-50% 50-75% 75-100% Pavement lifted? Y N
% dripline w/fil soil: 0% 10-25% 25-50% 50-750A 75-100%
% dripfine grade lowered: 0% 10-25% 25-50% 50-75% 75-100%
Sol problems: ❑drainage ❑shallow ❑compacted ❑o��droughty ❑saline ❑alkaline El acidic ❑small volume ❑ disease center ❑history of fail
❑clay El expansive C9 slope Z /r ? ❑ aspect:
Obstructions: ❑lights ❑signage ❑line -of -site ❑view ❑overheadhnes it underground utilities ❑traffic ❑adjacentveg. ❑
Exposure to wind: ®Dingle tree ❑below canopy ❑above canopy ❑recently exposed ❑windward, canopy edge ❑ area prone to windthrow
Prevailing wind direction: k I Occurrence of snow/ice, storms ❑never It seldom ❑regularly
TARGET
Use Under Tree: 16 building W parking ❑ traffic Wpedestrian ❑ recreation Alandsc a
all Q hardsc ape ❑small features ❑utility lines
Can target be moved? Y A Can use be restricted? Y
Occupancy: Cl occasional use ❑intemdttent use 111111frequent use X-onstant use
TREE DEFECTS
ROOT DEFECTS:
Suspect root rot: Y 0 Mushroom/conk/bracket present: Y �( ID
Exposed roots: ❑ severe moderate ❑ low Undermined: ❑ severe Rmoderate Glow
Root pruned: Root area affected: 70 % Buttress wounded: Y N When: _
Restricted root area: lesevere ❑ moderate ❑ low Potential for root failure: 1Isevere ❑ moderate ❑ low
LEAN: deg. from vertical ❑natural tunnatural ❑ self -corrected Soil heaving: Y W
Decay in plane of lean: Y Roots broken: Y Soil cracking: Y ap
Compounding factors: /Zb( /Q QA F— T Lean severity: ❑ severe X moderate
CROWN DEFECTS: Indicate presence of individual defects and rate their severity (s=severe. m=morlP.ratP.._ Idnw)
❑ low
DEFECT
ROOT CROWN
TRUNK
SCAFFOLDS
BRANCHES
Poor taper
Bow,sweep
Codominants/forks
Multiple attachments
Included bark
Excessive and weight
Cracks/splits
Hangers
Girdling
Wounds/seam
Decay
Cavity
Conks/mushrooms/bracket
Bleeding/sap flow
Loose/cracked bark
Nesting hold/bee hive
Deadwood/stubs
Borers/termites/ants
Cankers/galls/buds
Previous failure
HAZARD RATING
Tree part most likely to fall: W h /2-(J� Failure potential: 1-low; 2-medium: 3-high; 4-severe
Inspection period: annual biannual other Size of part: 1- <6" 2 - 6-18" If 5-45 cm);
Failure Potential+ Size of Part+ Target Rating = Hazard Rating 3 - 18-30" (45-75 cm); 4 ->30" (75 cm)
3 3 Target rating: 1 - occasional use; 2 - intermittent use,-
3 - frequent use: 4 - constant use
HAZARD ABATEMENT
Prune: ❑ remove defective part ❑reduce end weight ❑crown clean ❑ thin ❑ raise canopy ❑ crown reduce ❑ restructure ❑ shape
Cable/Brace:
Remove tree? 61 N Replace? l ' N Move target? Y
Effect on adjacent trees: .±'none ❑ evaluate
Notification: ❑ owner ❑manager governing agency Date:
COMMENTS
Inspect further: ❑ root crown ❑ decay ❑ aerial ❑ monitor
Other: