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FACILITATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TREES AND HUMANS
Arborist Report
June 12, 2019
Prepared for:
Shane Kiehn
23615 99th PI W
Edmonds, Wa 98020
Prepared by:
Seattle Tree Consulting
Douglas Smith (Certified Arborist PN 6116-A/TRAQ)
117 E. Louisa St. #731
Seattle, Wa. 98102
(206)457-5706
doug�ic ,seattletreeconsulting com
Kiehn Report 7/11/2019
Discussion
I was contacted by the owners of the property described by the address on the cover page. They
were looking for assistance resolving a violation notice that they received from The City of
Edmonds for cutting trees without a permit.
I visited the site on July 1, 2019, and saw what was left of the removed trees. All of the
specimens in question are Red Alder trees (Alnus rubra). The stand was approximately thirty -
years -old, and the canopy of the trees extended to 60-80' above grade. This is evident because
there are some Alders toward the borders of the lot and on the adjacent properties that are still
standing and were of similar size. The DBH's of the removed trees were between V-13".
The unauthorized removal incident involved seven significant trees. Three of these trees have
been reduced to waist -high stumps and the other four trees have been left at approximately
20-25'. Presumably the removal company was planning to fall the low, woody, portion of the
stems from the ground. None of the stumps have been removed or ground.
The violation was with respect to unauthorized cutting on an Environmentally Critical Area
(Steep Slope at and Average of 40% grade or more). The slope is a west facing aspect and it is
replete with native species. The hillside contains Serviceberry, Pacific Madrone, Douglas fir,
Pacific Yew, and Salal. I am sure there are many native woody plants on the slope that I did not
manage to identify, as I did not ascend the slope. I am not trained as a Geotechnical Consultant
and can not comment on how the (partial) removal of the copse of Alders will affect the stability
of the slope. As an arborist who looks at a lot of situations that are similar to this one, I can say
that the slope has a dense canopy that is thriving and there is a lot of biodiversity on the slope
which means that it is well -suited to remaining in a healthy and stable condition. The Alders that
were partially removed were at the base of the slope and not mature trees. The clients had some
concern that the alders were developing a potentially hazardous phototropic lean to the west.
There are three homes within one times the height of the trees and the species failure profile for
Red Alder clearly states that it is a short-lived, pioneer specimen that is prone to failures from the
upper canopy, in the pedestal, and at the root level. It was the clients' intention to accelerate
forest succession at the site by removing the short-lived Alders and replacing them with longer -
lived Pacific Northwest forest trees like Western Red Cedar, Douglas fir, Western Hemlock, Vine
Maple, and Alaska Yellow Cedar. The clients are still willing to mitigate the canopy loss
associated with the cutting of the Alders by installing new trees.
At this point it might not be accurate to say that the Alders were removed since their root systems
and the bottoms of the trees are still intact. Considering the time of year that the cutting occurred,
I expect the these trees will begin immediately producing epicormic growth and coming back. If
nothing else is done, the trees that were reduced to waist height will develop new stems that
originate at that point and the four trees that were reduced to 20' stems will not only grow new
stems originating at that height, but adventitious buds on the low stem will be released to form
new branches.
2 Kiehn Report 7/11/2019
Judging by the condition of the remaining Alders at the site, and my conversations with the
homeowners, I believe that theses trees were likely intimidating to be living and raising a family
under. I also believe that the species failure profile of the trees would not have been enough to
push them into a "High" or " Severe" risk category on an ISA Tree Risk Assessment form. There
is no evidence that there were defects within the stand or any recent disturbances to the root
zone. Before the cutting occurred, I expect I would have assigned this group of trees a
"Moderate" risk based on the species failure profile, proximity to high-value/high-occupancy
targets, and consequences of failure. That being said, I also support the idea of accelerating forest
succession at the base of this slope.
I have already described the way that I believe the Alder systems will react at this point. They are
natives and therefore well -suited to continue to thrive even after having been mostly removed. If
nothing else is done, there is a good chance that the trees will generate enough new foliage to
support their root systems and that the stability of the slope will be unaffected. However, the
negative repercussions of not doing anything further with the Alders from this point would be
related to hazard. It would take quite a few years (10-15) for the trees to develop significant
upper canopies again, and this time around the trees will be behaving like topped systems and I
anticipate that the structure that returns will not be as desirable as the one that was removed.
An option is to leave the Alders as they are and install new native trees. My concern with this
approach is that the Alders are going to grow back with compromised structure that will require a
lot of pruning to sort out and that this pruning will be difficult to execute around the new young
trees. It is also possible that the trees will recover with a structure that has a lot of internal decay
and is not safe to retain in the long run.
An option is to permit the completion of the removal of the Alders, including stump grinding,
and to replant with native confers and deciduous trees.
The option that I think makes the most sense is to take the Alder removals all the way down to
the ground level. They are going to produce epicormic buds and regrow from somewhere. I think
that the regrowth will be easiest to manage, and have the best chance of achieving good long-
term structure, if it is aloud to generate from the ground level. They will turn into multi -stemmed
systems and poorly attached stems or stems that get shaded -out and die can be easily removed
without harming the balance of the systems. The roots should endure and the stability of the
slope should be unaffected. The canopy loss should also be mitigated with the installation of
large maturing native trees.
3 Kiehn Report 7/11/2019
This photo is looking north and shows two
remaining Alder systems that are
congruent with the cut specimens.
The trees are already
beginning to regrow
with a lot of vigor. They
were young and will
likely grow very
quickly in the coming
years.
5 Kiehn Report 7/11/2019
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and ownership to any property are assumed to be good and marketable. No responsibility is
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