STF20150011 exemption haz tree in CA.pdfrA20. 1 S9v
March 19, 2015
CITY OF EDD
1215th Avenue North, Edmonds WA 98020
Phone: 425.771.0220 • Fax: 425.771.0221 ® Web: www.edmondswa.gov
DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT • PLANNING DIVISION
Starla Sage
9112 Olympic View Drive
Edmonds, WA 98026
Subject: Hazard Tree Removal — Allowed Activity
Dear Mrs. Sage,
On March 9 you submitted materials to the City of Edmonds in support of a request to remove
one Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) located on a steep slope immediately west of your
house. The materials included a cover letter and scope of work, photos of the subject tree, a
site plan, and a tree hazard evaluation prepared by Tim Selim, Certified Arborist and Tree Risk
Assessor. This letter is in response to that request.
The slope where the tree is located is considered to be a critical area pursuant to Edmonds
Community Development Code (ECDC) Chapters 23.40 and 23.80 where slopes from 15% to
40% may be considered potential erosion hazards and slopes greater than 40% are considered
possible landslide hazard areas. Generally, the removal of trees or vegetation within a critical
area or critical area buffer is not an allowed activity unless it involves the removal of invasive
species or hazard trees, pursuant to ECDC 23.40.220.C.7.
Based on the information provided, the tree is too close to the house and improvements and
clearly is a candidate for immediate removal. In this case, the removal is considered to be an
allowed activity relative to the critical areas code referenced above and no further critical area
reports are required. Mr. Selim recommends that the tree be cut to a stump. A nurse lot is to
remain with the branches removed from the site or chipped.
According to ECDC 23.40.220.C.7.b(iv), hazard trees that are removed from critical areas as an
allowed activity must be replaced at a ratio of two -to -one. Replacement trees must be native
and indigenous and a minimum of six feet in height from the top of the root ball for evergreen
species or one inch in diameter at breast height for deciduous species. Multi -stemmed trees
should be a minimum of eight feet in height at installation. It is understood that 2 vine maple
will be installed to the west of the house, which would meet the meet the replacement criteria
of the referenced above.
If you have any questions, please contact me at michael.clugston@edmondswa.gov or 425-771-
0220.
Sincerely,
Mike Clugston, AICP
Associate Planner
File: STF20150011
21 Page
March 9, 2015
City of Edmonds
Planning Dept
RE: Tree Permit
Starla and Douglas Sage
9112 Olympic View Dr
Edmonds, WA 98026
Project: Cut down a large Thuja plicata cedar tree that is affecting the stability the
foundation. The tree is located up against the house at the back southwest corner of the
residence. The wind is pushing the tree against the house causing cracks in the
foundation. A nursery log of 20 feet with a diameter of 3 1/2 feet will remain on the
property.
The replacement trees will be 2 Acer circinatums, Vine maples.
Sincerely,
Starla Sage
Property owner
Attachments: Site plan, Tree Risk Assessment Form, Photos, Plant list
TDS PROPERTY SOLUTIONS LLC
Tim Selim- Certified Arborist & Tree Risk Assessor
206.755.9126
tim@tdspropertysolutions.com
February 23, 2015
R 0 2015
Starla Sage DEVELOPMEN 9 SERVJCt
9112 Olympic View Dr. COUNTER.
Edmonds, WA 98026.
Dear Starla,
As you requested I have evaluated the large Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata). I
understand that you have concerns about the safety of yourself and your property
given the size of the tree and its close proximity to your house. As outlined below, I
performed an evaluation and risk assessment of the tree.
METHODOLOGY
To prepare this report I followed the protocol of the International Society of
Arbroriculture (ISA) for a visual assessment that includes looking at the overall
health of the tree, the site conditions around the tree, and interviewing the property
owner about the history of the tree. I also drew upon my 10 years of experience as
an arborist as well as my formal education in ecology and environmental science.
In examining the tree I look at factors such as the tree's size, density and condition
of the foliage, condition of the bark, injuries to the bark or roots, evidence of pests or
disease -causing bacteria, fungi, and viruses. I also assess the overall structure of the
tree and the presence of cracks, dead wood, broken limbs and disturbances around
the base of the tree and the root collar.
The most important part of hazard tree assessment is to consider the target.
Obviously if there's no target (nothing for the tree to hit and damage should it fail)
there's no risk. In this case, however, the target is the house owned and occupied by
Starla Sage and her friends and family. The home is occupied both day and night
year round.
The goal of the visual assessment is to gather information about the tree and use it
in the scientific process of tree risk assessment to calculate how likely a tree, or part
of a tree, is to fail. While there's no way for anyone to predict with certainty
whether or a not a tree will fail, the process does allow arborists to identify how
likely a tree is to fail, and then advise the property owner on a course of action that
may minimize the likelihood of injury or damage.
OBSERVATIONS
The tree is located behind the house along the back porch. It is in fact touching the
back porch. In the past the porch has been cut to accommodate the growth of the
tree but currently there is direct contact between the bark itself and the back porch,
which is attached directly to the house. The homeowner reports feeling the house
move and hearing it creak when the cedar blows in the wind.
The tree is about 36" dbh (diameter at breast height in inches) and has a height of at
least 100 feet At about 40', the main trunk has a co -dominant split, with included
bark, that divides it into 2 trunks, and those two trunks each have several co-
dominant junctions that give the tree 6 or more tops.
The base of the tree is growing adjacent to the corner of the foundation of the house,
as well as the concrete supports for the porch.
1. Tree growing into porch
2. Tree grows adjacent to corner CHIOUse and foundation
M
3. Co -dominant main trunk & tops
4. Trunk pushing on the porch's supporting beams
S. Trunk further divides into multiple tops
6. Base of trunk growing against brick and concrete foundation
DISCUSSION
The assessment of this tree was essentially divided into 3 separate parts; the roots,
the trunk, and the crown (see attached ISA Basic Tree Risk Assessment Form). This
was done because the close proximity of the tree to the house in this case means
that basically all the parts of the tree could impact the house simultaneously or
separately.
3
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The crown and the trunk both consist of many co -dominant junctions. Included
bark was observed in the co -dominant junction of the main stem. I could not see
from the ground if it also exists in the multi -stemmed tops.
Trees with co -dominant trunks and tops with included bark are much more likely to
experience failures than trees with single stems. In this case given the tree's
proximity to the constantly occupied home a failure of one the tops could cause a lot
of damage to the house, while a failure of one of the main trunks would cause very
significant damage. The risk rating for the trunk and the crown is high.
The base of the trunk, the root crown, and the roots are all obviously growing into
the foundation of the home. As the tree continues to grow and adds girth to its
trunk and roots it will put immense pressure on the house and likely damage it
and/or the foundation. In some areas the trunk is already in contact with the
concrete foundation and a brick wall on the lower portion of the home. The risk
rating for the roots and root crown is currently moderate, but damage to the home
is inevitable.
Given all the factors stated in this report I recommend that the cedar tree be
removed. There is no way to mitigate all the risks the tree poses to the house and
the property owner in a way that would leave it a healthy tree with a chance to
thrive.
While I often recommend that habitat snags be left behind when a tree is removed
that is not practical in this case given the tree's proximity to the house. However the
stump should be left intact so as to not increase the chance of erosion on the slope.
Also, a large portion of the trunk could be left nearby in the adjacent landscape as a
nurse log, which provides ecological value. The branches would likely become a fire
hazard if they were piled on the property and should be removed from the site, or
chipped and then distributed on the site as wood chips.
Please feel free to contact me with any questions or concerns.
Thank you,
Tim Selim
Certified Arborist #: PN5953A
Certified Tree Risk Assessor #: CTRA 1358
N
ISA BasicTree Risk Assessment Form
Client Starla Sage Date 2/23/15 Timalsloon
Address/Tree location 9112 Olympic View Dr. Tree no. Sheet — -- of
Tree species Western Hed Gear (Thuja plicata) dbh Height 00 —Crown spread dia. 40
—
Assessor(s)Eiffjeff:m:E!�-��: ��Timeframe Tools ued Visual sual As AssessmenT
Target Assessment
Target zone
occupancy
Target description
3 - 1,,q-1
C
4 - —1 d. E
4�. I Target
lii i !,
house &
Site Factors
History of failures no Topography Flat[] Sloped —% Aspect NW
Sitechanges NoneO GradechangeO SiteclearingO Changed soilhydrologyO RootcutsO Describe
Soil conditions Limited volume N saturated 13 ShallowO Compacted Pavement over roots 0 --% Describe house is adjacent to trunk
Prevailing wind direction SW Common weather StrongwindsE lce0 Snow ffi Heavy rainO Describe_
Tree Health and Species Profile
Vigor Low El Normal E High 0 Foliage None (seasonal) 0 None(dead)O Normal % Chlorotic-% Necrotic -%
pests None detected Abiotic,_
Spedesbilureproffle BranchesO TrunkO RootsO Describe
I., Load Factors
Wind exposure ProtectedO Partial ffl FullO Wind funnelingO Relative crown size SmaII0 MediumO Larged
Crown density Sparse 0 Normal® Dense E3 Interior branches Few 0 Normal N Dense 0 Vines/mistletoe/moss 0
Recent or planned change in load factors
Tree Defects and Conditions Affecting the Likelihood of Failure
— Crown and Branches
Unbalanced crown 0 LCR 65 % Cracks 0 Lightning damage 0
Dead twigs/branchesO ---%overall Max.dia— Codominant N 2 main stems, plus multiple tops _ Included bark
Broken/Hangers Number___ Max.cha Weak attachments E Cavity/Nest hole —% circ.
Over-extended branches 0 Previous branch MiluresO ? Similar branches present 0
Pruning history
Crown cleaned 0 Thinned 0 Raised 0 Dead/Missing bark 0 Cankprs/Galls/BurlsO Sapwood da mage/decay 0
Reduced 0 Topped 0 Lion -tailed 0 Conks 0 Heartwood decay 0
Flush cuts 0 Other_ Responsegrowth
Main concern(s) the main trunk has a Go -dominant split about 40' up- each of those trunks additonally divindes into mulitiple tops.
there is included bark in the min co -dominant junction suggesting included bark. cannot see other juncfions from9round
Load on defect N/A 0 Minor 0 Moderate SignificantE
Likelihood of failure ImprobableO PossibleO Probable N imminent 0
—Trunk Roots and Root Collar —
Dead/Missing bark 0 Abnormal bark texture/color 0 Collar burled/Not visible 0 Depth Stem girdling 0
,
Codominant stems 0 included bark E Cracks 0 Dead 0 Decay 0 Conks/MushroomsO
Sapwood damage/decay E3 Cankers/Galls/Buris 0 Sap ooze 0 ooze 0 Cavity 0 % circ.
Lightning damage 0 Heartwood decayO Conks/Mushrooms 0 cracks 0 Cut/Damaged roots 0 Distance from trunk
Cavity/Nest hole __% circ, Depth_ Poor taper 0 Root plate lifting 0 Soil weakness 0
Lean —' Corrected?
Response growth Response growth
Main concern(s) codominant stems as stated above Main concern(s) Part of roots & collar is against foundation of
the house- therefore high likelihood of damage house
Load on defect N/AO MinorO ModeradeO Significant E Load on defect N/AD MinorO ModerateO Significantlill
Likelihood of failure Likelihood of failure
Improbable❑ Possible ❑ Probable 1� Imminent ❑ Imprababie❑ Possible ❑ Probable Imminent ❑
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Risk Cateeorization
Matrix f. Likelihood matrix.
Likelihood
Negligible
Likelihood of Impacting Target
of Failure
Very low
Low
Medium
High
Imminent
Unlikely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
Probable
Unlikely
Unlikely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Possible
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Somewhat likely
Improbable
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Conditions
of concern
r t
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•
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Ganopy. all are
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Matrix f. Likelihood matrix.
Likelihood
Negligible
Likelihood of Impacting Target
of Failure
Very low
Low
Medium
High
Imminent
Unlikely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Very likely
Probable
Unlikely
Unlikely
Somewhat likely
Likely
Possible
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Somewhat likely
Improbable
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Unlikely
Mairix2 Risk raune matrix
Likelihood of
Failure & Impart
Negligible
Consequences of Failure
Minor Significant
Severe
Very likely
Lowe
.Moderate
High
Extreme
Likely
Low
Moderate
High
High
Somewhat likely
LOW
Low
Moderate
Moderate
Unlikely
Low
Low
Low
Low
Notes, explanations, descriptions the roots in this case Were rated
for the likelihood that they may damage/impact the foundation of the
home, not for the likelihood that they may be diseased or
compromised and cause a whole tree failure.
Mitigation options tree is too close to the home. trunk is damaging the porch currently, homeowner reports Residual risk
that when the tree moves in the wind the home creaks from the pressure the tree puts on the structure of house. Residual risk
the tree's codominant stem and multiple co -dominant tops make cabling and bracing impractical and ineffective Residual risk
The tree needs to be removed. Residual risk
Overall tree risk rating Low O Moderate O HighN Extreme O Work priority 10 20 3111 4 ❑
Overall residual risk LOW O Moderate O flighE Extreme ❑ Recommended inspection interval
Data EFinal 13 Preliminary Advanced assessment needed NNoOYes-Type/Reason
Inspection limitations ONone []Visibility OAccess Ovines []Root collar buried Describe Visaual assessment from ground
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Native plants
9112 Olympic View Dr
Abies grandis** Lowland Fir 1
Acer circinatum** Vine Maple (r,
Achlys triphylla Vanilla Leaf
Arbutus menziessi* Madrone 3
Arbutus unedo*N Strawberry Tree I
Athyrium filix-femina Lady Fern / 0
Berberis nervosa *Low Oregon Grape a
Ceanothus thyrsiflorrus Blue ceanothus
Cornus muttalii*N Western Dogwood d
Cupressocyparis leylandii Leyland Cypress (Hybrid) .2
Dicentra fornrosa N Bleed Heart
Dryopteris Austiaca Shield Fern
Fragaria chiloenis Coast Strawberry
Gaultheria shallon* Salal 6/
Holodiscus discolor N Ocean Spray
Iris douglasiana N Douglas Iris
Lupine N j
Mahonia nervosa*N Low Oregon Grape
Maianthemum dilatum False Lily of the Valley ILI
Maianthemum racemosum Large false Solomon Seal
Oemleria cerasiformis* Indian Plum /0
Philadelphus Mock Orange l
Polystichum muuntim Sword fern 3 0
Ranunculus orthorhynchus buttercup
Rhododendron macrophylhun Z
Ribes sanguineum*N Red Flowering Currant
Rubus parviflorus (Thimbleberry)*N L< 0 L '-�
Sambuccus racemosa*N Elderberry
Sorbus scopulina Cascade mountain ash �-
Star flower L l
Thuja plicata * * Western red cedar /5-
Trientalis borealis Pacific starflower a- << `
Trillium ovatum Western trillium .2
Tsuga heterophylla ** Western Hemlock /
Vaccinum ovatum* Evergreen Huckleberry
Vaccinum parvifolium (lots)*N Red Huckleberry %
Viola howellii Howell's violet ,a- (1 uw--,
Other Plants (not all listed)
Acer **, coral bark maple
Acuba japonica*
Buddleia, several varieties Butterfly bush, yellow, white, purple
Camellia sasanqua
Cape Fuchia N
Carpenteria californica /
Chaenomeles japonica
Clematis armandii
ClerodendrLum trichotomum* Glorybower
iP � W �) 3 'l l -
i 2"J i')
Cornus kousa chinesis* Dogwood
Cotoneaster *
Digitalis Purpurea Foxglove
Enkianthus campanulatus
Eucalyptus gunnii
Forsythia
Foxglove N
Fuchsia magellanica*N
Hibiscus syriacus Rose of Sharon
Hosta
Hydrangea
Hydrangea anomala petiolaris Climbing Hydrangea
Hydrangea Quercifolia (Oak Leaf)
Ilex variegata* Variegated Holly
Ilex* Holly
Ipimedium Bishop's Hat
Koelreuteria paniculata Golden Chain Tree
Lavetera baby barnsley
Leycesteria formosa* Himalayan Honeysuckle
Lonicera 2 varieties*N
Lonicera alseuosmoides evergreen yellow and pink flowers, on fence
Mahonia bealei*
Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood Tree
Pachysandra terminalis
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper
Photinia fi•aseri*
Pieris japonica Lily of the Valley Shrub
Polgonatum Solomon's Seal
Poppy
Prunus laurocerasus* Laurel Mt Vernon
Prunus lusitanica Portugal Laurel
Rhododendron 12 varieties (native, King George, Cynthia, Azela's shilipenbachii, Exbury, ect.)
Rosa* Climbing New Dawn and Golden Showers (drought tolerant)
Rosmarinus Rosemary
Rubus* Blackberry
Sarcococca humilis*
Sedums
Sorbus aucuparia* Mountain Ash
Sorbus scopulina*
Spi ea pink
Stranvaesia davidiana*
Viburnum bodnantese "Dawn"
Viburnum davidii*
Viburnum opulus
Viburnum Carlesii
Weigela florida `Variegate
*has berries or fruit
** has seeds
N nectar