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Tree assessment.pdf May 17, 2016 Ms. Taine Wilton Capital Projects Office Edmonds School District #15 th 20420 -68 Ave W. Lynnwood, WA 98036 Re: Madrona K-8 School Project Tree Survey Dear Ms. Wilton: Per the terms of our Proposal dated December 10, 2015 and the associated Purchase Order #2001500154 dated December 14, 2015 we are pleased to present our Madrona K-8 School Project Tree Survey and Assessment. Competence American Forest Management and its predecessor, International Forestry Consultants, Inc. has been practicing urban forestry since 1999. The survey and assessment was carried out by Tom Hanson, RCA /TRAQ and Kelly Wilkinson, TRAQ. Tom is certified by the International Society of Arboriculture and is a Registered Consulting Arborist by the American Society of Consulting Arborists. He has been practicing arboricultural consulting since 1999. He has been a practicing consulting forester in Washington since 1971and is TRAQ (Tree Risk Assessor Qualified) by the International Society of Arboriculture. Kelly is also certified by the International Society of Arboriculture and is Tree Risk Assessor Qualified. She has been practicing urban forestry for three years. Description The subject trees were indicated on maps prepared by Pace Engineering Company, Kirkland, Washington. The trees include those in and around the existing campus buildings and in a 10-foot wide range around the perimeter of the School site, including Madrona K-8 and the current Lynndale (Woodway) Elementary School. The trees include a mix of native coniferous and deciduous species along with a few non- native ornamentals within the building areas. Madrona School stands on a ridge with the 1 | Page American Forest Management, Inc Madrona School Tree Assessments January 19, 2016 majority of the trees around the perimeter, just over the edge. At Lynndale, the school stands in a valley with the majority of the trees uphill, slightly up the valley edge. Methodology Each tree indicated on the maps was visited and identified with a numbered aluminum tag. The trees were assessed under TRAQ (Tree Risk Assessor Qualified) level 2 assessment methods (visual inspection). This assessment is valid for the conditions of the tree and site on the date of inspection and does not consider future construction issues, if any. Therefore, assessment of targets was not done. We recommend a three-year or post construction reassessment. TRAQ Level 2 Assessment Locate and Identify Subject Trees Determine Targets Review Site History Assess Tree Health Inspect: ocular, mallet, probes etc. Record Observations: defects, site conditions, growth rates Determine the Likelihood and consequences of failure Determine Level of Risk Recommend Mitigation if appropriate Suggest re-inspection levels Tree Assessment included: Species identification Measured for Diameter at 4.5 feet above ground (DBH) Total height by hypsometer Extent of live limbs (Dripline) Live green crown estimated TRAQ Level 2 Assessment Description of defects and tree vigor In some instances, trees not shown on the maps but within the stated survey area were added. Please refer to the attached Exhibits: 1.Tree Assessment Table 2.Glossary of Commonly Used Terms 3.Descriptive Photographs 4.Tree Protection and Mitigation Guidelines 2 | Page American Forest Management, Inc. Madrona School Tree Assessments January 19, 2016 Observations and Discussion Over the entire project, 554 trees were assessed as indicated in the following table. Of those we are recommending the removal of 32 due to conditions leading to imminent failure. In general, the coniferous trees are about 50 years in age. Many of the deciduous alder trees are significantly younger, having naturally regenerated after original site construction. Overall, tree health and vigor is good with few significant defects. In the case of dead or highly defective trees, we have recommended removals for safety sake. Defects are generally limited to forked trunks, or broken trunks. We did find indications of root disease in several deciduous trees as noted on the tree summary. We also observed areas of conifer root disease beyond the assessment area and noted those on the maps. Recommendations Rules of Thumb for tree protections during construction projects typically suggest no activity within the drip lines of trees. However this should be considered on a tree by tree basis during the design phase and monitored during and after construction. We were specifically asked to consider the opportunities for tree relocation and/or protection for trees within the building campus area. In general, we would recommend that re-location not be attempted, and at the same time, the preparation of tree-specific protections to be incorporated into the design phase. Limiting Conditions This assessment is made subject to Level 2 TRAQ assessment guidelines and represents our observations on the date of the inspection. The assessment is valid for no more than 3 years. There is no warranty suggested for any of the trees subject to this report. Weather, latent tree conditions, and future man-caused activities could cause physiologic changes and deteriorating tree condition. Over time, deteriorating tree conditions may appear and there may be conditions, which are not now visible which, could cause tree failure. This report or the verbal comments made at the site in no way warrant the structural stability or long term condition of any tree, but represent my opinion based on the observations made. Nearly all trees in any condition standing within reach of improvements or human use areas represent hazards that could lead to damage or injury. 3 | Page American Forest Management, Inc. Madrona School Tree Assessments January 19, 2016 Respectfully Submitted, Tom Hanson CF, RCA, TRAQ 4 | Page American Forest Management, Inc. Exhibits 1.Tree Assessment Table 2.Glossary of Commonly Used Terms 3.Descriptive Photographs 4.Tree Protection and Mitigation Plan American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 removeremoveremoveremoveremoveremove retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain hollow stem to 20', fungal conks, 40% dieback decay, 20% dieback, trunk wound minor basal decay, 20% dieback former co-dominant stems bole decay, 50% dieback30% dieback, bole decaybole decay, 40% diebackbole decay, 90% dieback 40% dieback, basal scar broken top, butt swell heart rot, 40% dieback broken top, heart rot fork at 25', pencil rot pitchy, swollen butt three dead stems butt swell, pitchy dead top, fungus minor pencil rot basal pitching 20% dieback30% dieback 3` basal seam forks at 6'fork at 50`butt swell pitchy bolepitchy bole pink conks pencil rot 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ flat sideflat side forked pitchypitchypitchypitchy 122220111023191713123021181433211320162114181522242418182021152015131312111821122214102012 6664868027 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 2220101716201815201214132913281221101910181626201826221818222510231812182012161216201415221412 62990906 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 18221419161412271927101312251012131612131415252014182116261312151026231214221316301214 446446888068 9 18131721161012271420124026141423181420152118222320151512151810131210161813111412 288468164890020 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 60607070607070708080706060405080708030505070505020707070607060506070703080905050706030707050306040104050307070 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 117119111110122120119107113110109114104111110110106114120126 3880756294548138356676259153955664964939365653819463963882634290422225 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 11, 9, 711, 5, 5 14, 1216, 11 6, 4, 8 10, 7 5.I 24272115202921221815281633223124132521121227183324262728191816242115141125193428243510 997969 western red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedar western hemlock pacific dogwood {ƦĻĭźĻƭ pacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madrone Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firD ouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir birch pineplumplum ƩĻĻ ϔ 10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455 123456789 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 removeremoveremoveremove retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain defect in butt, low risk, would fall away from school, has compartmentalized decay well weak branch attachments, early stages of phytopthera ivy on trunk, 30% dieback, leans Wscar on bole, decay, 30% dieback lower trunk scars, minor decay decay at branch nodes, leans W suppressed, narrow crown severe dieback, root rot leans W, 20% dieback pitchy, swollen butt forks at baseforks at base 50% dieback40% dieback forks at 2' broken top 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ leans N leans Wleans Wleans Wleans Wleans Wleans Wleans W dead 1014101518141824162116161216262428222612253830242115171224202629262328301429162814162324263224 6966698 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 1215101820102026122410151412162213141610131129161032121521 4000004000186049969882002 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 121812162224182023181414142421201414191216121511141921241022 990808600002200000000660 9 17151214132026151322231212141018122112142110121213111229161624272224202010 68988004000888794 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 909080708090607070506080708070706050405060704070209090807070706060707040304040404050406040608080507060507050 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 115117118126105115128114105101134125126123132136136128108112 30731945817383936172472941336896282635323279636867858894856098657186 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 7, 9, 5, 8 8, 5, 3, 3 9, 6, 87, 6, 9 5.I 8, 8 1914191630332724332413141011212310291031321012121626211534302413292116443944292813121914 887687 European white birchEuropean white birch western red cedarwestern red cedar western hemlockwestern hemlock pacific dogwood {ƦĻĭźĻƭ pacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madronepacific madrone Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firD ouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir red alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alder maple plum ƩĻĻ ϔ 100101102103104105106107108109110 5657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 removeremoveremoveremoveremoveremoveremoveremoveremoveremove retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain forks at base, some included bark thin crown, pitchy, root rot dieback, heavy decay dead top, thin crown forks at base, leans W root rot, thin crownroot rot, thin crown forks at 10', leans Wasymetrical crown thick ivy on trunk decay, crooks crook, leans W50% dieback forks at 20' ivy on trunkdead stems broken top thin crownthin crownthin crownthin crownthin crown 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ in decline leans SW leans Nleans Nleans N leans Wleans Wleans W 22262824251426203520242420221415201816261418241114201518152116151012142310201412132114 495047959862 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 25161612121216122012122014122014181421251620161212 460968930964582033048460092606 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 1010101014182325261010101424202117112112201616161414 00002260000446676964058406648 9 1920241212101412121214151415312014101218212118321820201616262730301731242014202116 45094466455888 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 70707050704050706060507080705060504050604050606050503080408080808070806060208070304050405060407070706040405050 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 108121118136132122 94626572785568877668676269723948863839424857276549556762566159426047688045748583865664553957415938 24, 23, 7, 9, 4 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 8, 6, 5, 35, 6, 4, 4 11, 7 5.I 8, 86, 68, 6 111010101213172813101519243126312218161120101319181910111310151013121614221911 887869976 western hemlockwestern hemlock {ƦĻĭźĻƭ pacific madronepacific madrone big leaf maple bitter cherry Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir deciduous red alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alder willowwillowwillowwillowwillow ƩĻĻ ϔ 111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 removeremoveremoveremove retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain former co-dominant stem broke off dead wood, stem decay cracks in bole, decay leans E, dead stems co-dominant stems crook, rotten knot dieback, lean E hollow knot rotten knotrotten knot broken topbroken top thin crown 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ leans Eleans Eleans E leans N dead 151013171414141215141519 096452616428226600000000000000000000000000 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 10131212232623141618141319191630222718192121162614131312 40806049578016854060000004 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 151415181619121010161012301925162122353255555136432935273426223235221036302528383128 078868626642 9 34292523182926141316161414141814121812161612202324191816141930302632191915251723161417101412201016162518 06 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 704060305070908080706080808070707080806030506060504050706070707060605060607060607070606060707060505060607070 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 100101135140159120127121101105127120 834163305273385960655751526552504634414236627780555660696888867281726870756975847636 15, 4, 8, 10 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 5.I 8, 9 1717111612181216101415231513161019242233192516151430221713201214161217141112151311131616171816 666978 western red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedar black cottonwood pacific dogwood {ƦĻĭźĻƭ pacific madronepacific madronepacific madrone bitter cherrybitter cherry Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir red alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alder willowwillow ƩĻĻ ϔ 166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain Retain removeremoveremove RetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetainRetain retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain Root decay, cannot be moved Limb 6 decay & funbus conks leans E, 20% dieback Cavities pencil rot Cannot be moved upper bole pitchy extensive decayminor heart rot pitchy, flat side 20% die back Decay cavity Pitchy, conks10% die back20% die back Black knots forks at 6'Pytopthera Fork at 3' 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ Cavity rottenPitchyPitchy crook 14221217142024161418161414202014301614782020162016131410131215 00269006620060006888868 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 141317222115191818121611101018201410121616162216263224242222161818161516111914 8868786876866 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 2633192818151413177111141012262420151412201016222224293239342829171816121217121412 88686487886865 9 2010132414181622122111721220141220122212121614122426301018302820161417171312 6288900058787588 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 60503090307070504050807080407080805080708050305040703090606070809060202060704080809060708070207090909070808070 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 110146105100132124134125125 42532651389562646032424037305756556867536337718062555568649077507538323925111212303031522222 5, 12, 7, 11 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 12, 10, 10 7, 4, 8, 6 16, 18 6, 6, 6 17, 910, 5 5.I 2, 57, 75, 96, 9 1721422016237721151313161820342014101212131815112019163944331824131713101629 678897 Evergreen white birch European white birch Alaska yellow cedar Alaska yellow cedar Alaska yellow cedar Alaska yellow cedar western red cedar western red cedar western red cedar western red cedarwestern red cedar Flowering Cherry Flowering Cherry Flowering Cherry Pacific madrone Pacific madrone Pacific madrone {ƦĻĭźĻƭ pacific madrone Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Douglas fir Deciduous Deciduous Deciduous Douglas-firDouglas-fir Douglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas fir red alder red alder red alder red alder red alder red alder red alder red alder red alder Hemlock Cherry Laurel Laurel spruce maplemaple willow ƩĻĻ ϔ 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wleans w 1018101913111210151414132510101020162514151710141114132226213127101317151012 97787769688979660 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 122212121210121210101212111822142526201320142722262915191410 9684967558779029868499688 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 111216191010131412111315323814201010212012 7688578487666780480249086240626408 9 16111312153112151811182120261318141118133922163318142418 564746999698866969996983979 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 60406030403030209070204030406030403030405030202040504050305040804060604040705060707070704050407070908070707070 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 112113112114121129136116125115131150142112100 35835391906182804335839774701668437468545757553349626141625475897865712999854952 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 10, 13, 13 13, 11, 10, 12, 11, 10, 5 20, 2815, 13 5.I 102219281411131423211212102319222515101211102615174224292520242811281110261511181514 999767677 western red cedarwestern red cedar Pacific madrone Pacific madrone Pacific madrone {ƦĻĭźĻƭ Pacific madronePacific madronePacific madrone big leaf maplebig leaf maple Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir Douglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas firDouglas fir Grand firGrand fir ƩĻĻ ϔ 276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 removeremoveremoveremove retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain thin crown, pitchy, flat side, root rot small crown, old lightning scar thin crown, pitchy, flat side root rot, thin crown crook at 10` 10% dieback forks at 1` broken top 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ trunk seam leaf spotleaf spot root rot crooks sweep 1310261414141416161514141414161614162429143614342225112717192419221612182019322635182216222515161916 69648 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 19141616121213131010111018281811101412142824272612151612 886779698687958968894806094 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 1410112920 66020424474665524447600866000440580409006040308036 9 12121615101212171312121013251310241414141014141424102921181814141510 645898694966468465889 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 80706070608050505070808080809070709080807050708050905040208070809070803060807040707050607030506060706080507060 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 132160126143150146 51567245495564596160748265593567695091595536414727836835675874456422203456235462526450666068406086 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 10, 10 10, 9 5.I 7, 5 1612101314111110111110111410301023271213221019253331301211121314 87879999875478698888 western red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedarwestern red cedar {ƦĻĭźĻƭ Pacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madrone bitter cherry Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firD ouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir red alderred alderred alderred alder willow birch ƩĻĻ ϔ 331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretain lower trunk wounds 10 percent dieback upper trunk decay 10 % dieback 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ trunk seam flat sideflat sideflat side leaner ivyivy 202423131411151618171910151912141420131110192415161910131012 6404868006000000409030701 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 1310121015151012121110101715101215151611191414261229 80795537867990859809000557753 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 1014141315351810151128191111162413452010311520282012131515342211 27084460004071277775000 9 1226121115151240141211101735101125181416101012102018281210 88255686799019946068844077 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 50806070708040405040404060608070507040404040607090603030804060404040203050306040404040603030703060305050707050 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 119142123577150123108133 8486758965464051516888601848686153754393757648838464355141503937557250505232326641716363826969 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 7,4,8,5 9,9,7 5.I 8,67,66,7 1120172829102510111010161314372413111423132412111410111010251433101715 897589979679988 western red cedarwestern red cedar black cottonwood western hemlockwestern hemlockwestern hemlock {ƦĻĭźĻƭ Pacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madronePacific madrone bitter cherry Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firD ouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir red alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alderred alder willow birch ƩĻĻ ϔ 386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440 American Forest Management wĻĭƚƒƒĻƓķğƷźƚƓƭ Inspectors: Tom Hanson and Kelly Wilkinson Date: January 2015 retainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainretainr etainretainretainretainretainretain butt swell double stembroken top 5ĻŅĻĭƷƭ dead fork pitchypitchy 17101212151114111115 88408366896574758895077855586 Tree Assessment Summary Form Madrona School 17131410131110101013121313161312121417101010121510 76088685868989 { 5ƩźƦƌźƓĻ 16201412181316201520141310251812101113182012132120151513102311142318 86597 9 151110111013131314181610141212161512102210111516 095985497064499 b For: wğƷźƚ ΛіΜ /ƩƚǞƓ 605040703070707030507030202030405020202040406030301010304020303040403050304040 IĻźŭŷƷ ΛŅĻĻƷΜ 141111111122119129163120153150154154130155148142150103140148104135145147 403248626965267079973867927599 ΛźƓĭŷĻƭΜ 18,19 6,1110,7 5.I 392411131723231114182330142723314410331221332720222034101317283526 996 western red cedar western hemlockwestern hemlockwestern hemlock {ƦĻĭźĻƭ Pacific madronePacific madrone bitter cherry Douglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firD ouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-firDouglas-fir ƩĻĻ ϔ 441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479 Glossary of Common Terms DBH Basal In the vicinity of the root/trunk connection at ground level BoleTrunk) The tree stem ( Butt Swell Abnormal swelling at the base of the tree Canker Localized diseased area on stems, roots and branches. Often shrunken and discolored. Codominant Two or more trunks originating from a single main trunk Conk The fruiting body of a fungus Crook Abrupt bend in a branch or trunk Crown The live branches or live leaves or live needles of a tree Crown ratio The percentage of live green leaves or needles to total height Dieback Notabledead foliage, starting at the end of a branch or the top of a tree Dripline The extent of live limbs from the trunk Epicormic A shoot arising from a dormant bud following exposure to sunlight Flat Side Trunk of the tree has a flattened appearance on the side, sometimes an indicator of internal decay Girdling Root A root that winds around the stem at ground level Included Bark Bark that is pinched between codominant stems; a common weak point Leader The central stem tip Leaf Spot Diseased areas on foliage Limb Collar The swelling at the junction of the bole and limb Pencil rot Severe stem decay and butt rot of western red cedar caused by Postia sericiomollis Photosynthesis The process of converting water, nutrients and CO2 to carbohydrates (wood) Phytopthera Pathogen affecting roots of trees especially red alder in wet conditions Pitchy Excessive sap exuding from the tree trunk; often an indicator of stress Pruning(Crown Raising) The cutting and removal of limbs Rotten knot Point of the stem where limb removal has allowed pathogen infection and decay (Black knot) Taper The ratio of diameter on different points of a trunk, stem or branch Thin Crown Comparatively low live foliage percentage; often an indicator of root disease Topping Removal of the main stem above live, green limbs Trimmingheading Shortening or cutting of limbs; sometimes called Trunk Seam A seam in the trunk, suggests internal decay Viable A structurally sound and healthy condition Vigor Tree health and growth rate Vitality The suitability of the tree for the site. Tree Species Common to Madrona School Alaska yellow cedar Cupressus nootkatensis Bitter Cherry Prunus emarginata Black cottonwood Populus nigra Douglas-fir Psuedotsuga menziesii Flowering cherry Prunus kwanzan Laurel Prunus lusitanica Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Pacific dogwood Cornus nuttallii Pacific Madrone Arbutus menziesii Spruce Picea sp. Red Alder Alnus rubra Western red cedar Thuya plicata Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla White birch Betula papyrifera Willow Salix scouleriana .ğĭƉ ŅźƌƌĻķ ƩƚƚƷ ĭƚƌƌğƩ ƚƓ ƷƩĻĻ ϔЎЉЋ bƚƩƒğƌ ƩƚƚƷ ĭƚƌƌğƩ ƩĻĻ ϔЋБ wĻķ ƭƒƚƚƷŷ ĬğƩƉ ƚƓ ĭĻķğƩ ϔБͲ źƓķźĭğƷźƓŭ ƦĻƓĭźƌ ƩƚƷ wĻķ ğƌķĻƩ ƓƚƩƒğƌƌǤ ƩĻğĭŷźƓŭ ŅƚƩ ƌźŭŷƷ ŷźƓ ĭƩƚǞƓƭ źƓķźĭğƷźƓŭ ƌğƒźƓğƷĻķ ƩƚƚƷ ƩƚƷ źƓ ƷƩĻĻƭ ϔЊЌЋ ğƓķ ЊЌЌ .ƩƚǞƓ ĭǒĬźĭğƌ ƩƚƷ ŅǒƓŭğƌ ĭƚƓƉ ƚƓ ƷƩĻĻ ϔЍВЍ \[ğƒźƓğƷĻķ wƚƚƷ wƚƷ ƚƓ ŅğźƌĻķ ƷƩĻĻ tźƷĭŷźƓŭ ƚƓ ƷƩĻĻ ϔЍЏЊ .ğĭƷĻƩźğƌ ķźƭĻğƭĻ ƚƓ ƒğķƩƚƓĻ ϔЌЏЍ ŷźƓ ĭƩƚǞƓƭĻǝźķĻƓĭĻ ƚŅ ƌğƒźƓğƷĻķ ƩƚƚƷ ƩƚƷ ƷƩĻĻ ϔЌЎА CǒƓŭǒƭ ƚƓ ǞŷźƷĻ ĬźƩĭŷ /ƚķƚƒźƓğƓƷ ƭƷĻƒƭ ğƓķ źƓĭƌǒķĻķ ĬğƩƉ ƩĻĻ ϔЌЋ ƩǒƓƉ ķĻĭğǤ źƓ ƒğķƩƚƓĻ ƩĻĻ ϔЍЌ Madrona School Tree Assessment Tree Protection and Mitigation Guidelines The following general guidelines are recommended to ensure that the designated space set aside for the retained trees are protected and construction impacts are kept to a minimum. Potentially harmful activities can include: Trenching Re-gradinglowering or raising the grade Over-filling with soil, asphalt, concrete, etc. Compaction Pruning for building clearance Equipment Storage All workers should be educated as to the reasons for protecting trees and the potential impacts of construction activities. These guidelines acknowledge the integration of play activities within the root zones of the trees and refer only to those trees in and near future construction zones. Retained Trees 1. Tree protection fencing should be erected around retained trees and positioned just beyond the drip-line edge prior to moving any heavy equipment on site. Doing this will set clearing limits and avoid compaction of soils within root zones of retained trees. 2. Any existing infrastructure to be removed within the drip-line or tree protection zone shall be removed by hand or utilizing a tracked mini-excavator. 3. Excavation limits should be laid out in paint on the ground to avoid over excavating. 4. Excavations within the drip-lines shall be monitored by a qualified tree professional so necessary precautions can be taken to decrease impacts to tree parts. A qualified tree professional shall 5. To establish sub grade for foundations, curbs and pavement sections near the trees, soil should be removed parallel to the roots and not at 90 degree angles to avoid breaking and tearing roots that lead back to the trunk within the drip-line. Any roots damaged during these excavations should be exposed to sound tissue and cut cleanly with a saw. Cutting tools should be sterilized with alcohol. Madrona School Tree Assessment 6. Areas excavated within the drip-line of retained trees should be thoroughly irrigated weekly during dry periods. 7. Preparations for final landscaping shall be accomplished by hand within the drip-lines of retained trees. Large equipment shall be kept outside of the tree protection zones at all times. Simply finish 8. Limb removal (pruning) should be conducted by a trained arborist to ANSI 300 standards. Specific pruning guidelines can be developed on a tree by tree basis. 9. Once construction plans are in place, protection plans specific to individual trees should be developed and a monitoring plan put in place. 10. Existing trees within the existing building campuses are not likely to be candidates for relocation. In fact most of those assessed have broadly spreading and shallow root structures that should be protected to a greater extent than the dripline. Once construction plans are in place, specific protections should be implemented on a tree by tree basis. Mitigation Guidelines Trees to be retained 1.Trees unsafe to climb should be felled at the stump and if possible left on site to provide burrowing sites. 2.Coniferous trees that can be climbed by a professional tree climber can be height reduced to about 30-feet (or less if a failure would strike infrastructure) and any limbs below the height reduction removed. 3.Deciduous trees that can be climbed by a professional tree climber can be height reduced to about 30-feet (or less if a failure would strike infrastructure) and any limbs below the height reduction removed. Sprouting is likely, thus periodic re-cutting of sprouts will likely be required. 4.Debris can be left on site, off trails and out of open areas as additional habitat. General Tree removal and mitigation debris can be left on site if space allows. Chipping of debris is an alternative but care must be taken not to pile chips around tree bases, but rather spread in a layer no deeper than 6-inches across the forest floor. In any event, the Madrona trees should be inspected on a three year cycle for the appearance of defects or declining vigor.