2015 IFC Provisions WAC 51 - 54A - 0605 - Washington StateHi Laurie,
The code reference is for the 33% or less is in the WAC 51 -54-0605 and it states:
605.11.1.2 Solar photovoltaic systems for Group R -3 residential and buildings
built under the International Residential Code. Solar photovoltaic systems for Group
R-3 residential and buildings built under the International Residential Code shall comply
with Sections 605.11.1.2.1 through 605.11.1.2.5.
EXCEPTIONS: 1. Residential dwellings with an approved automatic fire sprinkler system
installed.
2. Residential dwellings with approved mechanical or passive ventilation
systems.
3. Where the fire code official determines that the slope of the roof is too steep
for emergency access.
4. Where the fire code official determines that vertical ventilation tactics will not
be utilized.
5. These requirements shall not apply to roofs where the total combined area of
the solar array does not exceed thirty-three percent as measured in plan view of
the total roof area of the structure, where the solar array will measure 1,000 sq.
ft. or less in area, and where a minimum eighteen inches unobstructed pathway
shall be maintained along each side of any horizontal ridge.
The WA fire code section was adopted by WA State in 2014 and the 2015 Fire Code Section has
new language:
2014:
605.11.3.2 Residential systems for one- and two-family dwellings. Access to residential systems
for one- and twofamily dwellings shall be provided in accordance with Sections 605.11.3.2.1
through 605.11.3.2.4.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Residential dwellings with an approved automatic fire sprinkler system installed;
2. Residential dwellings with approved mechanical or passive ventilation systems;
3. Where the fire code official determines that the slope of the roof is too steep for emergency
access;
4. Where the fire code official determines that vertical ventilation tactics will not be utilized.
5. These requirements shall not apply to roofs where the total combined area of the solar array
does not exceed 33 percent as measured in plan view of the total roof area of the structure, where
the solar array will measure 1,000 sq. ft. or less in area, and where a minimum 18 inches
unobstructed pathway shall be maintained along each side of any horizontal ridge .
2015 new language:
605.11.1.2 Solar photovoltaic systems for Group R-3 buildings.
Solar photovoltaic systems for Group R-3 buildings shall comply with Sections 605.11.1.2.1
through 605.11.1.2.5.
Exception: These requirements shall not apply to structures designed and constructed in
accordance with the International Residential Code.
Verbiage Change
Change in 2015 IFC from “one and tw o family dwellings” to “Group R -3 buildings.”
Exceptions #’s 1, 2, 3, & 5 unique to WA Code (Oregon and Boulder, CO have similar
provisions to #5.) 2015 IFCincorporates exception #4 in new 605.11.1 exception 2.
Reference to IRC in 2015 IFC is new.
Please let me know if you have any questions.
Neil Gowler
2015 IFC Provisions – Comparison Document with Washington Code –
WAC 51-54A-0605 Electrical Equipment, wiring and hazards (Washington State Fire Code)
2015 Fire Code Section (underline new
language)
Relevant WA Fire Code Sections (underline shows
amendments adopted by WA State in 2014)
Discussion
605.11 Solar photovoltaic power systems.
Solar photovoltaic power systems shall be
installed in accordance with Sections
605.11.1 through
605.11.2, the International Building Code
or International Residential Code, and
NFPA 70.
See below
605.11.1 Access and pathways.
Roof access, pathways, and spacing
requirements shall be provided in
accordance with Sections
605.11.1.1 through 605.11.1.3.3.
Exceptions:
1. Detached, nonhabitable Group U
structures including, but not limited
to, parking shade structures,
carports, solar trellises and similar
structures.
2. Roof access, pathways and
spacing requirements need not be
provided where the fire chief has
determined that rooftop
operations will not be employed.
WAC 51-54A-0605 Electrical equipment, wiring and
hazards.
605.11 Solar photovoltaic power systems. Installation,
modification, or alteration of solar photovoltaic power systems
shall comply with this section. Due to the emerging
technologies in the solar photovoltaic industry, it is understood
fire code officials may need to amend prescriptive
requirements of this section to meet the requirements for
firefighter access and product installations. Section 104.9
Alternative materials and methods of this code shall be
considered when approving the installation of solar
photovoltaic power systems. Solar photovoltaic power systems
shall be installed in accordance with Sections 605.11.1 through
605.11.4, the International Building Code and NFPA 70.
EXCEPTION: Detached, nonhabitable Group U structures
shall not be subject to the requirements of Sections 605.11.2
through 605.11.3.3.3.
(See also WA Code section 605.11.3.2 and exceptions)
Washington State
existing code
language goes farther
than the 2015 IFC to
recognize that
prescriptive standards
in 2012 and 2015 IFC
as published by IFC
might be
appropriately
modified by the Fire
Code Official using
section 104.9
Alternative materials
and methods. New
2015 IFC contains no
similar reference.
2015 IFC exception 2
incorporates some of
the intent of the WA
code changes, which
can also be found in
WA section
605.11.3.2, exception
4.
605.11.1.1 Roof access points.
Roof access points shall be located in areas
that do not require the placement of ground
ladders over openings such as windows or
doors, and located at strong points of
building construction in locations where the
access point does not conflict with
overhead obstructions such as tree limbs,
wires or signs.
605.11.3.1 Roof access points.
Roof access points shall be located in areas that do not require
the placement of ground ladders over openings such as
windows or doors, and located at strong points of building
construction in locations where the access point does not
conflict with overhead obstructions such as tree limbs, wires
or signs.
IFC 2015 identical
to WA adopted
code, but IFC 2015
relocated this
section (new
section number).
605.11.1.2 Solar photovoltaic systems for
Group R-3 buildings.
Solar photovoltaic systems for Group R-3
buildings shall comply with Sections
605.11.1.2.1 through 605.11.1.2.5.
Exception: These requirements shall not
apply to structures designed and
constructed in accordance with the
International Residential Code.
605.11.3.2 Residential systems for one- and two-family
dwellings. Access to residential systems for one- and two-
family dwellings shall be provided in accordance with Sections
605.11.3.2.1 through 605.11.3.2.4.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Residential dwellings with an approved automatic fire
sprinkler system installed;
2. Residential dwellings with approved mechanical or passive
ventilation systems;
3. Where the fire code official determines that the slope of the
roof is too steep for emergency access;
4. Where the fire code official determines that vertical
Change in 2015 IFC
from “one and two
family dwellings” to
“Group R-3
buildings.”
Exceptions #’s 1, 2,
3, & 5 unique to WA
Code (Oregon and
Boulder, CO have
similar provisions to
#5.) 2015 IFC
ventilation tactics will not be utilized.
5. These requirements shall not apply to roofs where the total
combined area of the solar array does not exceed 33 percent as
measured in plan view of the total roof area of the structure,
where the solar array will measure 1,000 sq. ft. or less in area,
and where a minimum 18 inches unobstructed pathway shall be
maintained along each side of any horizontal ridge.
incorporates
exception #4 in new
605.11.1 exception 2.
Reference to IRC in
2015 IFC is new.
605.11.1.2.1 Size of solar photovoltaic
array.
Each photovoltaic array shall be limited to
150 feet (45 720 mm) by 150 feet (45 720
mm). Multiple arrays shall be separated by
a 3-foot-wide (914 mm) clear access
pathway.
605.11.3 Access and pathways. Roof access, pathways, and
spacing requirements shall be provided in accordance with
Sections 605.11.3.1 through 605.11.3.3.3.
EXCEPTIONS:
1. Residential structures shall be designed so that each
photovoltaic array is no greater than 150 feet (45,720 mm) by
150 feet (45,720 mm) in either axis.
2. Panels/modules shall be located up to the roof ridge where
an alternative ventilation method approved by the fire code
official has determined vertical ventilation techniques will not
be employed.
Formatting between
2015 IFC and state
code a bit different.
150’ x 150’ max
array size basically
the same.
For WA Code
exception 2, see 2015
IFC 605.11.1.2.5,
exception.
605.11.1.2.2 Hip roof layouts.
Panels and modules installed on Group R-3
buildings with hip roof layouts shall be
located in a manner that provides a 3-foot-
wide (914 mm) clear access pathway from
the eave to the ridge on each roof slope
where panels and modules are located. The
access pathway shall be at a location on the
building capable of supporting the fire
fighters accessing the roof.
Exception: These requirements shall not
apply to roofs with slopes of two units
vertical in 12 units horizontal (2:12) or less.
605.11.3.2.1 Group R·3 Buildings with Hip Roof Layouts.
Panels/modules shall be located in a manner that provides a 3
foot (914 mm) wide clear access pathway from the eave to the
ridge on each roof slope where panels/modules are located.
The access pathway shall be located at a structurally strong
location on the building capable of supporting the live load of
fire fighters accessing the roof.
Exception: These requirements shall not apply to roofs with
slopes of two units vertical in twelve units horizontal (2:12) or
less.
IFC 2015 identical
to WA adopted
code, but IFC 2015
relocated this
section (new
section number).
605.11.1.2.3 Single-ridge roofs.
Panels and modules installed on Group R-3
buildings with a single ridge shall be
located in a manner that provides two, 3-
foot-wide (914 mm) access pathways from
the eave to the ridge on each roof slope
where panels and modules are located.
Exception: This requirement shall not apply
to roofs with slopes of two units vertical in
12 units horizontal (2:12) or less.
605.11.3.2.2 Residential buildings with a single ridge.
Panels/modules installed on residential buildings with a single
ridge shall be located in a manner that provides two, 3-foot-
wide (914 mm) access pathways from the eave to the ridge on
each roof slope where panels/modules are located.
Exception: This requirement shall not apply to roofs with
slopes of two units vertical in 12 units horizontal (2:12) or less.
Only difference
between IFC 2015
and WA adopted
code is reference to
Group R-3 instead of
“residential”
buildings. Also,
section numbered
differently.
605.11.1.2.4 Roofs with hips and valleys.
Panels and modules installed on Group R-3
buildings with roof hips and valleys shall
not be located closer than 18 inches (457
mm) to a hip or a valley where
panels/modules are to be placed on both
sides of a hip or valley. Where panels are
to be located on only one side of a hip or
valley that is of equal length, the panels
shall be permitted to be placed directly
adjacent to the hip or valley.
Exception: These requirements shall not
apply to roofs with slopes of two units
vertical in 12 units horizontal (2:12) or less.
605.11.3.2.3 Residential buildings with roof hips and
valleys. Panels/modules installed on residential buildings with
roof hips and valleys shall be located no closer than 18 inches
(457 mm) to a hip or a valley where panels/modules are to be
placed on both sides of a hip or valley. Where panels are to be
located on only one side of a hip or valley, the panels shall be
permitted to be placed directly adjacent to the hip or valley.
Exception: These requirements shall not apply to roofs with
slopes of two units vertical in 12 units horizontal (2:12) or less.
Only difference
between IFC 2015
and WA adopted
code is reference to
Group R-3 instead of
“residential”
buildings. Also,
section numbered
differently.
605.11.1.2.5 Allowance for smoke
ventilation operations.
Panels and modules installed on Group R-3
buildings shall be located not less than 3
feet (914 mm) from the ridge in order to
allow for fire department smoke ventilation
operations.
Exception: Panels and modules shall be
permitted to be located up to the roof ridge
where an alternative ventilation method
approved by the fire chief has been
provided or where the fire chief has
determined vertical ventilation techniques
will not be employed.
605.11.3.2.4 Residential building smoke ventilation.
Panels/modules installed on residential buildings shall be
located no higher than 18 inches (457 mm) below the ridge in
order to allow for fire department rooftop operations.
WA IFC adopted
code reduced 3’
setback from the
ridge to 18 inches.
2015 IFC replaces
“residential” with
“Group R-3”
reference.
Exception in 2015
IFC is new and
incorporates
exceptions adopted
by WA state from
605.11.3.2 Exception
#4 and 605.11.3
Exception #2.
605.11.1.3 Other than Group R-3
buildings.
Access to systems for buildings, other than
those containing Group R-3 occupancies,
shall be provided in accordance with
Sections 605.11.1.3.1 through 605.11.1.3.3.
Exception: Where it is determined by the
fire code official that the roof configuration
is similar to that of a Group R-3
occupancy, the residential access and
ventilation requirements in Sections
605.11.1.2.1 through 605.11.1.2.5 shall be
permitted to be used.
605.11.3.3 Other than residential buildings.
Access to systems for occupancies other than one- and two-
family dwellings shall be provided in accordance with Sections
605.11.3.3.1 through 605.11.3.3.3.
Exception: Where it is determined by the fire code official that
the roof configuration is similar to that of a one- or two-family
dwelling, the residential access and ventilation requirements in
Sections 605.11.3.2.1 through 605.11.3.2.4 shall be permitted
to be used.
No change other than
to refer to Group R-3
occupancies in 2015
IFC rather than one
or two family
dwelling in current
WA code.
605.11.1.3.1 Access.
There shall be a minimum 6-foot-wide
(1829 mm) clear perimeter around the
edges of the roof.
Exception: Where either axis of the
building is 250 feet (76 200 mm) or less,
the clear perimeter around the edges of the
roof shall be permitted to be reduced to a
minimum 4 foot wide (1290 mm).
605.11.3.3.1 Access.
There shall be a minimum 6-foot-wide (1829 mm) clear
perimeter around the edges of the roof.
Exception: Where either axis of the building is 250 feet (76
200 mm) or less, there shall be a minimum 4-foot-wide (1290
mm) clear perimeter around the edges of the roof.
No change other than
section numbering
and minor rewording
of exception (no
effective change).
605.11.1.3.2 Pathways.
The solar installation shall be designed to
provide designated pathways. The pathways
shall meet the following requirements:
1. The pathway shall be over areas
capable of supporting fire fighters accessing
the roof.
2. The centerline axis pathways shall be
provided in both axes of the roof.
Centerline axis pathways shall run where
the roof structure is capable of supporting
fire fighters accessing the roof.
3. Pathways shall be a straight line not
less than 4 feet (1290 mm) clear to roof
standpipes or ventilation hatches.
4. Pathways shall provide not less than 4
feet (1290 mm) clear around roof access
hatch with not less than one singular
605.11.3.3.2 Pathways.
The solar installation shall be designed to provide designated
pathways. The pathways shall meet the following
requirements:
1. The pathway shall be over areas capable of supporting the
live load of fire fighters accessing the roof.
2. The centerline axis pathways shall be provided in both axes
of the roof. Centerline axis pathways shall run where the roof
structure is capable of supporting the live load of fire fighters
accessing the roof.
3. Shall be a straight line not less than 4 feet (1290 mm) clear
to skylights or ventilation hatches.
4. Shall be a straight line not less than 4 feet (1290 mm) clear
to roof standpipes.
5. Shall provide not less than 4 feet (1290 mm) clear around
roof access hatch with at least one not less than 4 feet (1290
mm) clear pathway to parapet or roof edge.
Only change is 2015
IFC deletes “live
load” in subsection 1,
and adding of the
word “pathways” at
the beginning of
subsections 3 & 4.
pathway not less than 4 feet (1290 mm)
clear to a parapet or roof edge.
605.11.1.3.3 Smoke ventilation.
The solar installation shall be designed to
meet the following requirements:
1. Arrays shall be not greater than 150
feet (45 720 mm) by 150 feet (45 720 mm)
in distance in either axis in order to create
opportunities for fire department smoke
ventilation operations.
2. Smoke ventilation options between
array sections shall be one of the following:
2.1. A pathway 8 feet (2438 mm) or
greater in width.
2.2. A 4-foot (1290 mm) or greater in
width pathway and bordering roof skylights
or gravity-operated dropout smoke and heat
vents on not less than one side.
2.3. A 4-foot (1290 mm) or greater in
width pathway and bordering all sides of
nongravity-operated dropout smoke and
heat vents.
2.4. A 4-foot (1290 mm) or greater in
width pathway and bordering 4-foot by 8-
foot (1290 mm by 2438mm) “venting
cutouts” every 20 feet (6096 mm) on
alternating sides of the pathway.
605.11.3.3.3 Smoke ventilation.
The solar installation shall be designed to meet the following
requirements:
1. Arrays shall be no greater than 150 feet (45 720 mm) by
150 feet (45 720 mm) in distance in either axis in order to
create opportunities for fire department smoke ventilation
operations.
2. Smoke ventilation options between array sections shall be
one of the following:
2.1. A pathway 8 feet (2438 mm) or greater in width.
2.2. A 4-foot (1290 mm) or greater in width pathway and
bordering roof skylights or smoke and heat vents.
2.3. A 4-foot (1290 mm) or greater in width pathway and
bordering 4-foot by 8-foot (1290 mm by 2438 mm) "venting
cutouts” every 20 feet (6096 mm) on alternating sides of the
pathway.
2015 IFC contains
new language and
clarifications. in
subsection 2.2
“gravity-operated
dropout smoke and
heat vents on not less
than one side.”
Section 2.3 is new,
referring to 4’
pathway bordering all
sides of nongravity
operated dropout
smoke and heat
vents.
Overall, these
changes appear to be
clarifications.
605.1 1.2 Ground-mounted
photovoltaic arrays.
Ground-mounted photovoltaic arrays
shall comply with Section 605.11 and
this section. Setback requirements shall
not apply to ground-mounted, free-
standing photovoltaic arrays. A clear,
brush-free area of 10 feet (3048 mm)
shall be required for ground-mounted
photovoltaic arrays.
605.11.4 Ground-mounted photovoltaic arrays. Ground-
mounted photovoltaic arrays shall comply with Sections
605.11 through 605.11.2 and this section. Setback requirements
shall not apply to ground-mounted, free-standing photovoltaic
arrays.
2015 IFC did not
change this section of
the code.
However, WA did
not adopt the 10 foot
“brush-free area”
around ground
mounted systems.
This language was
deemed unnecessary.