BLD2021-0244+FINAL_LETTER_ SI+2.11.2021_12.52.23_PM+2043819lrerracon
June 3, 2021
Henry Schroder, P.E.
Capital Projects Manager
Engineering Division / City of Edmonds
121 5th Ave N
Edmonds, WA 98020
Re: City of Edmonds Fishing Pier — FRP Tensile Bond Strength Testing
Terracon Project Number JX211019
Mr. Schroder,
As you requested, from May 10 through June 3, 2021 Terracon Consultants performed
direct tension pull -off testing of sacrificial fiber -reinforced polymer (FRP) sample panels
bonded to bottom concrete surface of the elevated Edmonds Fishing Pier, located at
approximately the intersection of Admiral Way and West Dayton Street, in Edmonds,
Washington.
1.0 BACKGROUND & SCOPE
The City of Edmonds public fishing pier, constructed in approximately 1978, is an
elevated, concrete walkway supported on precast concrete piles. The main structure of
the elevated walkway portion is precast pre -stressed concrete double tees overlain with a
topping slab.
Repairs were made to the existing pier in the summer and fall of 2016. However, tensile
bond strength testing performed on these repairs indicated a lack of sufficient bond
between the center joint patch repairs and the precast double tees substrate. Based on
our visual review of the failed repair patch specimens, there appeared to be entrapped air
and/or a lack intimate of contact between the repair and the substrate which we surmised
to be related to the placement method for the repairs.
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Edmonds Fishing Pier
Terracon Consultants, Inc. 21905 — 64th Avenue West, Suite 100 Mountlake Terrace, Washington 98043
P [425] 771 3304 F [425] 771 3549 terracon.com
City of Edmonds Fishing Pier— FRP Tensile Bond Strength Testing
June 3, 2021 Terracon Project No. JX211019
In the spring of 2021 the City of Edmonds
installed FRP over the suspect patch
repairs to further secure these patches to
the structure. To verify an acceptable level
`fir y
of substrate preparation, the FRP
manufacturer, Simpson Strong -Tie,
requested tensile bond strength testing of
sacrificial FRP panels representing the
surface preparation and installation
- -
methods for the production FRP.
r
2.0 TEST METHODS & PROCEDURES
ASTM D7522, Standard Test Method for
Pull -Off Strength for FRP Laminate
Systems Bonded to Concrete or Masonry
Substrates is the field test used to
determine the controlling failure mode and
corresponding strength of a bonded FRP
laminate. Testing was performed using a
DeFelsko PosiTest AT -A automatic
adhesion tester.
Irerracon
FRP Over Previous Center Joint Repair
DeFelsko PosiTest AT -A Adhesion Tester
To summarize the standard test method, a 50 mm (2-inch) inside diameter core bit is
used to score through the FRP panel into the substrate concrete, leaving the intact core
attached to the concrete but isolating it from the adjacent FRP. A fixture (aka dolly or
puck) is epoxy bonded to the top surface of the test specimen and, after allowing the
epoxy to cure, a tensile load is applied via the dolly until failure occurs.
3.0 TEST RESULTS & SUMMARY
Three test panel locations were selected in advance by the project team, which we
understand were prepared and installed using the same materials, methods and by the
same personnel as the production FRP. Three individual dollies were tested per each of
the sacrificial panels. Per International Code Council Evaluation Service (ICC-ES) report
3403, section 4.1.11 Bond Strength, tensile bond strengths of 200 psi or greater are
required.
Each of the twelve individual dolly pulls from the three panels met the manufacturer's
specified 200 psi minimum requirement, ranging from 241 psi to the 480 psi maximum
that can be applied by the DeFelsko AT -A via the 50 mm dolly. A summary of the results
is tabulated below.
Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable
2
City of Edmonds Fishing Pier — FRP Tensile Bond Strength Testing
June 3, 2021 Terracon Project No. JX211019 Irerracon
As discussed in ASTM D7522 and pictured below, there are typically seven different
failure modes possible with adhesive bond strength testing of FRP laminates.
load ng
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fixture FRP adhesive
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Failure Mode A
Failure Mode B
Failure Mode C
Failure Mode D
failure Mode E
Failure Mode F
Failure Mode G
bonding adhesive
cohesive failure
adhesive failure
cohesive failure
adhesive failure
mixed Mode E
cohesive failure in
Failure at loading
in FRP laminate
at FRP/adhesive
in adhesive
at FRP/substrate
and Mode G
substrate
fixture
interface
interface
Pier Bay
Test
Bond
Tensile (psi)
Failure Mode
11 North
1
480
none
2
480
none
3
480
none
12 North
1
458
Adhesive a
2
348
Adhesive a
3
391
Adhesive a
12 South
1
241
Adhesive a
2
433
Adhesive a
3
480
none
We trust that this provides you with the information required at this time.
Respectfully submitted,
Mayes Testing Engineers, Inc.
tuart J. Ca r, P.E.
Senior Engineer
Attachments: Test Locations plan sheets
Mic e J. yes, P.E.
Se rincipal
Responsive ■ Resourceful ■ Reliable
3
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REPAIR DEFICIENT
CENTER JOINT REPAIRS
UNDERNEATH PIER
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(EXISTING FINGER PIER)
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LIMIT OF WORK
(OTO 3O, 4OTO 13 )
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EXISTING ROCK BREAKWATER
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EXISTING FISH CLEANING STATION STRUCTURE W/ GABLE ROOF,
PLUMBING FIXTURES,&SINK SURROUNDS
% -
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LIGHT POLE & FIXTURE
-
GUARDRAIL
WIND BREAK SHELTER W/ BENCH
WIND SCREEN AND BENCHES
1
KIOSK INFORMATION CENTER
BENT NUMBER, TYP
FACE OF EXISTING NORTH
MARINA BREAKWATER WALL
LOW
EXISTING NORTH
BREAKWATER WALL
L EXISTING RESTROOM /
RANGER STATION
z 1 GENERAL SITE PLAN
SCALE:1"=20'-O" 20 0 20 40 F,
scale feet
MATCH LINE SEE ABOVE
ISSUED FOR CONSTRUCTION
a DRAWN BY JML CITY OF EDMONDS DRAWING NO. G-3
WSPUSA Inc. FISHING PIER REHABILITATION
333019th Avenue South DESIGN BY MAP
Federal Way, WA 98003-2600 PROJECT NO. A15.0130.00
Suite 300 FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER REPAIRS
TEL: (206) 431-2300 CHECK BY CSB
n FAX: (206) 431-2260 DATE: 9/4/19
n PROJ MGR csg GENERAL SITE PLAN
MARK REVISION DESCRIPTION BY APP. DATE SHEET NO. 3 OF 8
3D
GENERAL NOTES:
CENTERJOINT
LSE WSE
WEB 3 WEB 1
WEB 4 WEB 2 SOFFIT, TYP
1. THE SOFFIT AND VERTICAL WEB SURFACES ARE
UNFOLDED AS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE ABOVE.
LEGEND:
�- EXISTING CENTERJOINT
REPAIR, SEE
S-5 11
❑ FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER PANEL
10
WSE
LSE
12 13
WSE
ti
m
w
n SMALL EXISTING CENTER JOINT REPAIRS UNIDIRECTIONAL CARBON UNIDIRECTIONAL CARBON
o NOT FLUSH WITH SURROUNDING SURFACE DO NOT REQUIRE REPAIR, TYPICAL FABRIC FOR TESTING 5/11/21 FABRIC FOR TESTING 5/11/21
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24"STOCK WIDTH BUTT JOINT TYPICAL
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m
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G
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SINK DRAIN
m
m
L6 Deficient repair-- FRP panels required 3
SEAL EDGE OF DEFICIENT REPAIR WITH UNIDIRECTIONAL CARBON UNIDIRECTIONAL CARBON
CSS-EP EPDXY IN AREAS BETWEEN FABRIC REPAIR, TYP FABRIC FOR TESTING 6/3/21
d CARBON FABRIC REPAIRS, TYP
d
d m
S
LSE
4 0 4 8
0 1/4"=1'0" scale feet ISSUED FOR CONSTRUCTION
a DRAWN BY JML CITY OF EDMONDS DRAWING NO. S-4
WSPUSAInc. FISHING PIER REHABILITATION
333019th Avenue South DESIGN BY MAP
Federal Way, WA 98003-2600 PROJECT N0. A15.0130.00
Suite 300 FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER REPAIRS
TEL: (206) 431-2300 CHECK BY CSB
n FAX: (206)431-2250 DECK REFLECTED PLANS -SHEET 3 DATE: 9/4/19
PROJ MGR CSB
MARK REVISION DESCRIPTION BY APP. DATE SHEET N0. 7 OF 8