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2024-10-17 Planning Board Packet41 OE LUMG do Agenda Edmonds Planning Board SPECIAL MEETING BRACKETT ROOM 121 5TH AVE N, CITY HALL - 3RD FLOOR, EDMONDS, WA 98020 OCTOBER 17, 2024, 7:00 PM MEETING INFORMATION This is a Hybrid meeting: The in -person portion of the meeting will now be at 7PM in the Brackett Room on the 3rd floor of City Hall. Zoom Link below for those attending online. Meeting Link:https://edmondswa- gov.zoom.us/s/87322872194?pwd=WFdxTWJIQmxlTG9LZkc3KOhuS014QT09 Meeting ID: 873 2287 2194 Passcode:007978 Or Telephone : US:US: +1 253 215 8782 LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES We acknowledge the original inhabitants of this place, the Sdohobsh (Snohomish) people and their successors the Tulalip Tribes, who since time immemorial have hunted, fished, gathered, and taken care of these lands. We respect their sovereignty, their right to self-determination, and we honor their sacred spiritual connection with the land and water. 1. CALL TO ORDER 2. APPROVAL OF MINUTES 3. ANNOUNCEMENT OF AGENDA 4. AUDIENCE COMMENTS 5. ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTS 6. PUBLIC HEARINGS 7. UNFINISHED BUSINESS A. Comprehensive Plan Land Use, Housing, Climate Elements 8. NEW BUSINESS 9. PLANNING BOARD EXTENDED AGENDA A. Extended Agenda 10. PLANNING BOARD CHAIR COMMENTS 11. PLANNING BOARD MEMBER COMMENTS 12. ADJOURNMENT Edmonds Planning Board Agenda October 17, 2024 Page 1 7.A Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 10/17/2024 Comprehensive Plan Land Use, Housing, Climate Elements Staff Lead: Shane Hope Department: Planning & Development Prepared By: Navyusha Pentakota Background/History Under the Growth Management Act (GMA) in Washington State, Housing and Land Use elements are mandatory and the most extensive elements of the Comprehensive Plan. The Land Use Element is a critical component that shapes the long-term vision of accommodating growth and other community needs. It ensures that development is strategically planned to accommodate growth while preserving the character and quality of life. The land use element outlines the desired land use patterns and growth intensities and includes the Future Land Use Map, which will guide future zoning changes. Housing availability and affordability have been the major challenges nationwide. Henceforth, Washington state's Growth Management Act requires that jurisdictions "plan for and accommodate" affordable housing for all economic segments of the population. In addition, the Puget Sound Regional Council's (PSRC) Multi -County Planning Policies (MPPs) and the Snohomish County Countywide Planning Policies (CPPs) also require cities to plan and accommodate diverse types of housing addressing the needs of various income levels. Under GMA, the Office of Financial Management (OFM) projects population growth for Snohomish County, which was further distributed to all cities and unincorporated urban growth areas to ensure that the 20-year growth expectations used for GMA local plans are consistent across jurisdictions. The City of Edmonds has an existing housing stock of 19,300 units per the 2020 census. According to the count's distribution of growth, there will be an estimated 28,073 housing units by the year 2044, which is an approximate increase of 9,000 more housing units. Even before the growth targets were assigned, Edmonds was ahead of the state to address the existing affordable housing concerns, and formed the Citizens' Housing Commission (CHC) in 2019, which met monthly through December 2020. The CHC's mission was to "develop, for City Council consideration, diverse housing policy options designed to expand the range of housing (including rental and owned) available in Edmonds - irrespective of age, gender, race, religious affiliation, physical disability, or sexual orientation. The Comprehensive Plan includes a crucial Climate element, added by legislation (HB1181) in 2023, which mandates local plans to address climate goals. These elements must prioritize economic, environmental, and social co -benefits while focusing on environmental justice to prevent worsening health disparities. Although this element isn't due until 2029 for cities updating their plans in 2024, Edmonds, as a coastal city, must proactively analyze and plan for climate change impacts. In 2023, the city adopted a Climate Action Plan to set sustainability goals, which have been integrated into the Comprehensive Plan's climate element to support balanced growth amid population increases. Packet Pg. 2 7.A The draft Comprehensive Plan was released on October 3rd for public review and comments. Recent discussions with the Planning Board focused on Capital Facilities, Utilities, and Community Culture and Design elements, which received substantial feedback. The Land Use and Housing elements were previously reviewed by the Planning Board and City Council, leading to revisions before the draft publication. The final review of the revised Land Use and Housing elements will take place at the Planning Board meeting on October 17th, where staff will also gather feedback on the Climate element. Staff Recommendation This is an informational briefing and discussion with the Planning Board on the draft goals and policies of Land Use, Housing and Climate elements of the Comprehensive Plan. Narrative Recent 2023 legislation requires cities under the Growth Management Act (GMA) to include more "missing middle" housing types and accessory dwelling units, addressing the pressing need for affordable housing solutions. This issue affects not only low-income individuals but also working-class residents in Edmonds. State initiatives promoting diverse housing options may gradually transition zoning from single-family only to allow a variety of affordable housing types. Future land use must support sustainable growth and efficient infrastructure development. Edmonds needs new strategies to encourage diverse housing options and equitable growth, ensuring all residents have equal opportunities regardless of their socio-economic or cultural backgrounds. Edmonds stands out for its historic character and natural beauty, making it vital to maintain its identity while accommodating new developments. New land -use designations should manage urban sprawl, protect natural resources, and promote sustainable development while increasing density through a clear framework. The Growth Alternatives proposed this year aim to create vibrant neighborhoods with suitable and affordable housing for all income levels, enhancing quality of life and promoting social equity. Depending on the chosen Growth Alternative, significant changes in future land use designations will be discussed in the Comprehensive Plan's Land Use element. The housing element will address the distribution and types of housing needed to meet various income levels. The Climate element, per GMA, must include two new sub -elements by state requirements: a greenhouse gas emissions reduction sub -element, which outlines strategies to lower emissions, and a resiliency sub -element, which focuses on mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change in alignment with FEMA-compliant natural hazards mitigation plans. As this element is due in 2029, the current update will present a high-level set of goals and policies from the Climate Action Plan to inform future updates. For the upcoming meeting on Oct 17th, staff recommends discussing the elements in the following order: Land Use, Housing and Climate. As these are still working drafts, staff aims to identify areas needing further specification and will seek input from the Planning Board to guide future efforts. Attachments: 02_Land Use 03_Housing 05 Climate Packet Pg. 3 'vim AIOID MW guiding Principle: "Grow mindfully with a place -driven approach that integrates all aspects of the built environment -- land use, transportation, economic development, infrastructure, and social amenities to foster well - designed and livable environments for all" 7.A.a Introduction The Land Use Element for the City of Edmonds outlines the vision and policies for land use to guide future development and environmental conservation, taking into account community needs, along with state and federal laws. Key objectives include preserving and enhancing community quality of life, providing diverse housing opportunities, enhancing economic vitality, and ensuring adequate infrastructure. The element offers guidance on how development regulations can contribute to a high quality of life. The Land Use Element includes an assessment of current land use patterns, zoning regulations, and future land needs. It establishes goals and policies to steer the development of desired land use patterns within the community. The Future Land Use Map (FLUM) delineates general land use designations, serving as the basis for more specific zoning districts and development regulations that set parameters for residential, commercial, recreational, and other uses within Edmonds, as well as parks, open spaces, and protected natural areas. The Future Land Use map and the policies outlined in this element identify areas for focused growth and investment. These strategic decisions aim to support equitable and sustainable expansion over the next two decades, ensuring Edmonds continues to thrive, creating a welcoming environment that promotes a sense of belonging among residents, businesses, and visitors alike. 26 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 5 7.A.a Edmonds Today Edmonds is a historic waterfront city, providing housing, retail and restaurants, medical facilities, services, regional cultural attractions, parks, and much more. As of 2020, the city has a population of 42,853 residents, residing in 19,005 housing units, with approximately 14,174 jobs available locally. The existing land use map (Figure XX) indicates generally how these residents and jobs are distributed in homes and businesses throughout the city, as well as supportive functions such as healthcare, education, and parks. Most of the city's land area is characterized by single -unit residential lots, representing about 75% of the total area. Currently, future growth is focused in two defined "activity centers", including the Medical/Highway 99 Activity Center and the Downtown/Waterfront Activity Center. The vast majority of Edmonds' existing growth capacity in both housing and jobs is along the Highway 99 corridor. Existing Zoning The comprehensive plan identifies land areas for future types of uses and has broad policies that provide general direction for the implementation of specific development regulations, programs, and investments. An example of a more specific regulation is the zoning regulations that apply to one or more zoning districts and prescribe height limits and other dimensional requirements for development. Through the zoning regulations, three-story story heights are allowed for much of the city with few exceptions. The largest exception is the allowance of 75 feet in height along the Highway 99 corridor (as defined in the Highway 99 Subarea Plan). For some zoning districts, the regulations also prescribe minimum square footage for a legal lot and/or the number of units allowed per acre. Other development and environmental regulations, including for stormwater and environmentally critical areas, further affect development options. Parks 5.90% Public Facili 1.50% Commercla 8.' Mi 5.10% Single Family 61.50% Figure 2.1 Area by zoning classfication (2020) EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 6 7.A.a City of Edmonds Zoning w.. Zoning Designations and Descriptions�tr " a.m��s�.. sr�«,rem�e....�mmarM,rm�. wa.� a.,. `i-. _. •' Om�rna ry aKK.ex. `�smnMw im°m. w°Nr This map is a representation of the official zoning map of the City of Edmonds. Please check with the •r Sir&F—i City of Edmonds Planning Division before relying ins -a vuN. r°mne e.000m. n.°n on the zoning information described on this map. "• 1• �....... �. ,.m.-F " s.g. rmm m. tt. wn f I qd - •,.• xarMom r°smr°mev, rz.000.y. tt. �.n Mar revision date: August 3, 2022""•"T""("'—'••••—•••••�'- - Zomng2022}fix5fi.mxd ur v�g`rm�nn m,mo.w. tt. mn J § a Multi �Pixx. iFaniµ;Ktl p.2 °I mt°rwunumt ®u.. we ex .xwri rmmiN. rtu.[anraps xry �7'.. - WN warrfmor �. ` ; ELM RR J r.r — --� 21 HIM --..--- _._ o�a �•.l LEI- r.......i .. _....... _...... �•.,•._...... _ ....... . lrzi: - - Figure 2.2 City of Edmonds Zoning Map 28 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 7 7.A.a Edmonds 2044 One of the key principles of the Growth Management Act and regional planning is that jurisdictions must accommodate their fair share of the region's growth. Growth targets in Edmonds are set by Snohomish County through the Snohomish County Tomorrow process. Snohomish County periodically produces a "Buildable lands Report" based on countywide population projections. The most recent version was adopted in 2021. A detailed methodology defined by the county process determines the "baseline" capacity available for growth within each city. Between 2020 and 2044, Edmonds population is forecasted to increase by 31%. the housing units by 48%, and jobs are expected to increase by 22%. This represents a significant increase in growth targets compared to the previous comprehensive plan. The housing and land use sections of this comprehensive plan aim to accommodate growth and other needs in a way that is consistent with Edmonds' principles and goals while delivering the greatest community benefit. For more technical information on legislative background and housing and jobs capacity calculation methods, please see the Appendix A. Population 42,853 55,966 13,113 Housing 19,005 28,073 9,069' 5,148 3,921 Jobs 14,174 17,232 3,058 2,548 510 Table 2.1 Growth Targets for the City of Edmonds for 2044 as set by Snohomish County CPP. 1. These 9,069 units must be distributed according to the requirements and affordability levels designated in HB 1220. d 2. Source: Snohomish County Buildable Lands Report 2021 N 3. Proposed Land Use alternatives are distributing this required net growth capacity -a c ca J N O r C d E t t� R EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 8 7.A.a Opportunity for Edmonds: Integrated Place -making: To meet anticipated growth targets and respond to the rising demands for housing opportunities and broader accessibility to goods and services, the City's land use approach emphasizes the creation of appropriately scaled, vibrant, sustainable, and inclusive community places. A place -driven approach integrates all aspects of the built environment- land use, transportation, economic development, infrastructure, and social amenities to foster well -designed and livable environments that promote healthy lifestyles, climate resiliency, and access to natural beauty. Climate -change responsiveness still 1111#04%14 . c 0 .o. DO � O O =._I_Zmn M The approach emphasizes mixed land use, pedestrian -friendly infrastructure, and efficient public transportation to create a sustainable, resilient, and livable city that can adapt to changing environmental conditions while meeting the needs of its residents. Protecting critical areas, such as wetlands, floodplains, and habitats, is essential for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem health. Preserving and expanding the urban tree canopy helps improve air quality, reduce heat, and enhance the city's aesthetic appeal. Walkable neighborhoods A place -driven approach can help residents be more active, healthy, and engaged in their community, by bringing shopping, employment, education, recreation, and other community resources within reach of walking, biking, and transit. Organizing land use to efficiently provide infrastructure and create enough demand for services and amenities within a given walkable area requires a curated mix of uses as well as density, particularly in housing. Given that significant multifamily housing growth is needed in the city, thoughtful land use planning can leverage this growth as an asset to create a more complete and livable community by supporting both neighborhood and citywide serving businesses, services, and amenities. Supporting mobility for people Transportation infrastructure is critical to support land use, including through sidewalks, crosswalks, bicycle infrastructure, traffic management, and more. To address this, Edmonds has brought a Multi - Modal Level of Service (MMLOS) approach to planning this infrastructure. The MMLOS approach prioritizes investments to promote sustainable and equitable transportation options. The transportation section of this comprehensive plan has more information. a) U) c J I N O c a� E s w a 30 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 9 7.A.a Growth Alternatives The city has proposed two distinct strategies for managing population growth, land use, and development in Edmonds. Both strategies align with the City's 2044 growth targets, addressing the same level of projected growth. These alternatives assume minimum compliance with recently adopted House Bills 1110, 1337 and 1220. They are organized around a basic land -use theme of Centers and Hubs located in different locations. The alternatives examine a different distribution of growth to highlight a range of For the final updated Plan, either Alternative A or B or a combination of Alternatives A and B may be selected to create an option that meets the City's goals. The preferred alternative will represent Edmonds' preferred policy direction for the comprehensive plan choices. and will help guide portions of the plan update. Minimum compliance with recently adopted Washington State legislation • House Bill 1110 (Increasing middle housing consisting of duplexes, triplexes, townhomes, quadplexes (with one affordable unit), stacked flats, and cottage style and courtyard apartments in areas traditionally dedicated to single family residential detached housing). • House Bill 1337 (Expanding housing options by easing barriers to the construction and use of accessory dwelling units [ADUs]). House Bill 1220 (Supporting emergency shelters and housing through local planning and development regulations.) This bill updates the housing goals of the Growth Management Act to include planning for and accommodating affordable housing and requires jurisdictions to address moderate, low, very low, and extremely low-income housing in the housing element of the comprehensive plan. It also requires jurisdictions to address racially disparate impacts and displacement in the housing element of the comprehensive plan. New Types of Activity Centers as Areas of Change: The approach proposed in the current Comprehensive Plan for Edmonds is to strategically plan D for future development in two activity centers located within the community, the Medical/Highway c 99 Activity Center and the Downtown/Waterfront Activity Center. The Neighborhood Centers and Neighborhood Hubs will be new types of smaller scale activity centers in Edmonds. Of the two, centers i o are larger while hubs are smaller. a� E Both Action Alternatives include these features in Neighborhood Centers and Neighborhood Hubs: • Commercial and Mixed Use: Provide a mix of retail, commercial, and services to a variety of areas in the City. Q • Complementary Uses: Enable compact building forms, providing the ability to accomplish many daily tasks without a car. • Vibrant: Create a town -center atmosphere, with larger open spaces and walkable streetscapes. • Public Realm: Offer opportunities for public art and areas for festivals and other civic activities. • Range of Housing Choices: Enable housing options for current and future residents of Edmonds, including senior- and family -oriented mid rise and mixed -use multifamily buildings. • Transit Accessible: Conveniently located with solid transit access. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 10 7.A.a Neighborhood Centers Neighborhood centers leverage already established mixed commercial areas to accommodate additional growth, while providing amenities, services, and economic activity closer to mature residential neighborhoods. Centers permit a wide range of building types and will offer the ability to accomplish daily tasks without a car to large sectors of the city. Centers are active with larger public open spaces, and walkable streetscapes. Centers will include amenities such as public art and areas for street markets, festivals, and other civic activities. Housing in centers includes senior and family -oriented mid - rise and mixed -use multifamily buildings. The addition of housing to centers will help build a customer base for local businesses to thrive. This approach to neighborhood centers leaves open the potential for each center to respond and grow within its unique context, working in coordination with other activity centers to best serve community needs. Selection Criteria for Neighborhood Centers • Potential for redevelopment (underutilized) to meet community goals and enhance the public realm • Existing retail and other commercial businesses • Existing moderate scale multi family residential land uses • Potential for good multimodal access with existing transit service Draft Locations and Extents of Neighborhood Centers The extents of the centers vary for each of the action alternatives. • Firdale Village • Westgate • Five Corners • Medical District Expansion Neighborhood Hubs Neighborhood hubs are smaller focal points within the city, bringing neighborhood serving retail, amenities, and services within proximity to residents. "Third places" such as local coffee shops and bookstores for neighborhood gathering and connection can be located here. Hubs will offer small scale open spaces that primarily serve the surrounding neighborhood with improved pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure. Housing choices available in hubs such as townhomes and apartments allow seniors to stay in their community, and young families to start out. Selection Criteria for Neighborhood Hubs • Potential for redevelopment (underutilized) to meet community goals and enhance the public realm • Existing mixed -use with small-scale retail or commercial businesses • Existing low-rise apartments or missing middle housing • Potential for good multimodal access with existing transit service Draft Locations and Extents of Neighborhood Hubs The extents of the Neighborhood Hubs vary for each of the action alternative. • South Lake Ballinger • Firdale North • West Edmonds Way • North Bowl • Maplewood • East Seaview • Perrinville a) U) c ca J I N O c a� E s 0 ca Q 32 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 11 7.A.a • Neighborhood Centers • Neighborhood Hubs Downtown/ Waterfront Activity Center West Edmonds Way Firdale North Firdale Village Perrinville North Bowl 1 Maplewood* East Seaview r ,..... 196th St. • • Medical District •• Expansion fi • Five Corners M Main Si. y�A . ................ �i • 212th St. o � Q r $ Highway 99 220nhSt. Subarea Oy Westgate * r 8th St. I South Lake I 'Fir Ballinger n Figure 2.3 City of Edmonds: Proposed locations of Neighborhood Centers and Hubs EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 12 7.A.a Edmonds Waterfront: Under both action alternatives, the Plan removes references to Edmonds Crossing and examines key planning issues and objectives within the waterfront's evolving context. Critical issues to address include sea level rise, climate resilience, access and circulation for all modes of transportation, marsh restoration, land use and development, sustainability, and design character. Future Land Use Designations Each of the action alternatives follows the same land use designation guide, which shows what types of buildings are proposed, how tall they are, and what sort of homes, commercial spaces, or offices would be there. Table 2.2 Future Land Use Designations with proposed zoning cross -walk Downtown/ Mix of uses; refer to specific plan Refer to specific activity center Waterfront Activity designations within activity center discussion in plan Same as Existing Center Primarily detached houses with low - Low Density scale middle housing types including a IRS - 6 and RS-8 House Bills Compliance Residential 1 mix of Duplexes, townhomes, stacked flats and Accessory Dwelling Units. Primarily detached houses with low - Low Density scale middle housing types including a RS-10, RSW-12, RS-12, RS-20 House Bills Compliance Residential 2 mix of Duplexes, townhomes, stacked flats and Accessory Dwelling Units. Housing types consist of a mix of Combining existing Moderate Density detached and attached housing, high and medium Residential including townhouses, multiplexes, All RM zones (RM 1.5, 2.4, 3.0) density multi family courtyard apartments and other designations smaller scale multifamily. Replaces Mixed Use Commercial, Community Housing types same as moderate Commercial, and Neighborhood In Neighborhood Hubs. Mixed -Use 3 density residential. Neighborhood- Commercial. Max ht of 3 floors scale retail on ground floor allowed. NEW Zoning classification required. Replaces Mixed Use Commercial, Community Housing types same as moderate Commercial, and Neighborhood In Neighborhood Mixed -Use 4 density residential. Neighborhood- Commercial. Centers and Hubs. Max scale retail on ground floor allowed. ht of 4 floors NEW Zoning classification required. d U) c ca J I N O r c d E s 0 ca Q 34 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 13 7.A.a Mix of office, residential, civic and retail or other commercial services with a Replaces Mixed Use focus on medium -density multifamily Commercial, Community residential (Multi -story development, Commercial, and Neighborhood In Neighborhood Mixed -Use 5 Apartments/Condominiums) and Commercial. Centers only. Max ht of Y supporting retail and services. 5 floors Commercial ground floor uses may NEW Zoning classification be required in select locations and required. encouraged everywhere else Mixed -Use 5 In addition to uses allowed in Mixed HM, Mixed Use zones for In Medical District (Medical) Use 5, includes hospital and medical Medical Uses Neighborhood center uses only Mix of office, residential, and retail Highway 99 Mixed or other commercial services with a Max ht 75', As per Use focus on higher -density multifamily CG Highway 99 Subarea residential and supporting retail and Plan services. Hospital/ Medical Special Use District Hospital or Medical zone Same as Existing Edmonds Way Mixed Use BP, BN, BC, or similar Same as Existing Corridor commercial zone; RM zones Planned Mixed Use BP or BN Same as Existing Neighborhood Master Plan Mixed Use MP1 or MP2 Same as Existing Development Includes public institutional uses, such as public schools, libraries, Public Uses community centers, police stations, Same as Existing fire stations, and municipal or school district administration buildings. Parks and Open Public parks, trails, recreation facilities, P, OS, or equivalent Same as Existing Space open space. classification EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 14 7.A.a Alternative A: Focused Growth Alternative A would consist of four Neighborhood Centers of mid -scale mixed use (Figure 1-4). This would include four -floor apartments or condominiums with retail, commercial, or offices on the ground floor in select locations, with a possible additional bonus floor. A bonus (fifth) floor would be possible if a developer meets community benefit incentives. The four Neighborhood Hubs would include low scale mixed use. This would include three -floor apartments or condominiums with retail, commercial, or offices on the ground floor in select locations, with no bonus floors permitted in Hubs. — , Highway 995ubareo Plan — ' Boundary HI -Rise Node Downtown/Wotertront Activity Center Retail Core Arts Center Corridor Downtown Mixed Commercial Downtown Convenience Downtown Mixed Residential ® Downtown Master Plan �'^4 m shoreline Commercial Downtown Residence-ORke t © Master Plan Development Low Density Residential 1 Low Density Residential 2 _ Moderate Density Residential P - %/// Mixed -Use 3 Mixed-Use4 Mixed -Use 5 Mixed -Use 5 (Medical) ■ Highway 99 Mixed -Use ® Planned Neighborhood ® Edmonds Way Corridor Hospital / Medical TZJ Public Park / open Space i 0a tft n/ww-fn nr Ardvax GnUr 0"OF tYNNVM D i �ov� Yi I/ l j t Figure 2.4 Draft Future Land Use Map for Growth Alternative A: Focused Growth N U) C CC J I N O C d E t Q 36 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 15 7.A.a Alternative B: Distributed Growth Alternative B would consist of four smaller Neighborhood Centers compared to Alternative A, each of mid -scale mixed use (Figure 1-5). This would include lower three -floor apartments or condominiums with retail, commercial, or offices on the ground floor in select locations, with a possible additional bonus floor. A bonus (fourth) floor would be possible if a developer meets community benefit incentives. The seven Neighborhood Hubs would include low- scale mixed use. This would include higher three -floor apartments or condominiums with retail, commercial, or offices on the ground floor in select locations, also with a possible bonus floor permitted in Hubs. — + Highway 99 Subarea Plan ..: r — ' Boundary HI-Rise Node Downtowr✓ Wotedront Activity Center - Retail Core Arts Center Corridor Downtown Mixed Commercial - �' Downtown Convenience ._ Q Downtown Mixed Residential ® Downtown Master Plan m Shoreline Commercial ....' Downtown Residence -Office 3 © Master Plan Development f 0 Low Denstry Residential 1 Low Density Residential 2 Moderate Density Residential %/// Mixed -Use 3 Mixed-Use4 .XN Highway 99 Mixed -Use ® Planned Neighborhood IN ® Edmonds Way Corridor Hospital I Medical �01 %f Public /♦ _ Park / Open Space 1 r• � ,/ Downtown/Won lrwrt ! AgMlry Cmnr ��l/ nry or LYNN. Yuri , a � �•� I 1 �/ d � E -• ` : ESGEIIAIIrCE >ww,� ♦ t Figure 2.5 Draft Future Land Use Map for Growth Alternative B: Distributed Growth 7 J I N CD C d E t V t6 w Q EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 16 7.A.a Citywide Goals Goal LU-1 Ensure growth enhances the quality of life for current and future residents, workers, businesses, and visitors while upholding the community's vision Policy LU-1.1 Direct new growth to areas with existing infrastructure and services to promote efficiency, reduce environmental impacts, and enhance community cohesion. Policy LU-1.2 Promote place -based solutions to mitigate existing corridor development to enable walkability, livability and access to open space, while encouraging efficient land use management Policy LU-1.3 Support and maintain significant public investments, including government and cultural facilities, landscaping, street furnishings, public art, and civic features that enhance the pedestrian experience and foster community. Policy LU-1.4 Building design should discourage automobile access and curb cuts that interfere with pedestrian and bicycle activity and break up the streetscape. Encourage the use of alley entrances to reduce vehicle and pedestrian conflicts and provide for an attractive street front. Policy LU-1.5 Prioritize capital facility improvements, including for open space and community gathering places, in historically underserved areas. Policy LU-1.6 Implement appropriate development regulations to create opportunities for housing and jobs consistent with state and regional goals and targets for the planning period ending in 2044, as shown in Table 2.1. The Parks, Recreation, and Open Space (PROS) Plan details a parks system gap analysis, which was conducted to examine and assess the current distribution of parks throughout the city. The analysis reviewed the locations and types of existing facilities, land use classifications, transportation/ access barriers, and other factors to identify preliminary acquisition target areas. Additional analysis was conducted to examine the park system through an equity lens. The analysis illustrates which parks may be underdeveloped or require additional upkeep or enhancements, which could guide future capital planning to bring parity to existing developed parks. This analysis should be part of assessment studies conducted under Policy LU 1.3. Policy LU-1.7 Foster vibrant retail, office, and entertainment spaces supported by local residents and the broader Edmonds community in activity, neighborhood centers and hubs, Policy LU-1.8 Enhance Edmonds' imageability by preserving and leveraging its strong visual quality. Policy LU-1.9 Find opportunities in creative placemaking to celebrate the Edmonds arts community and promote local craftsmanship. Policy LU-1.10 Consider carefully any proposed changes to the Municipal Urban Growth Area boundaries that would affect Edmonds, taking into account financial impacts, infrastructure, and other factors. 38 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 17 7.A.a Goal LU-2 Maintain and grow a welcoming environment that promotes a sense of belonging among residents, visitors, and businesses. Policy LU-2.1 Avoid racially disparate impacts on historically marginalized communities when considering City investments, programs, and regulations. Policy LU-2.2 Continue to support pedestrian scale development through appropriate land use regulations and design guidelines. Policy LU-2.3 Encourage opportunities for public views of Puget Sound and other natural settings in the city. Policy LU-2.4 As opportunities arise, seek to de -pave underutilized or undefined impervious areas through landscaping, high quality furnishings, permeable surfaces and tree canopy while incorporating green infrastructure. Activity Centers Over the past decade, Edmonds has strategically planned for future development in Activity Centers. During the last Comprehensive Plan Process in 2015, these were identified as the Downtown/ Waterfront Activity Center and Medical/Highway 99 Activity Center. Most of the Edmonds' development capacity currently is on Highway 99, which is a major regional transportation spine linking multiple cities between 1-5 and the Puget sound. Edmonds Downtown, which includes the arts district, and Waterfront serve as the City's primary destination for residents to come together and enjoy the natural and cultural assets of the City. The two areas are complimentary connected by their physical proximity, streets, views, and uses. Policies in this plan reinforce this seamless connection, as well as describe approaches appropriate to each location. The Activity Centers are intended to have the following attributes: • Pedestrian -oriented: high quality pedestrian -oriented streetscape environment that encourages walking. lingering and staying within residential and commercial activity. • Mixed -use: mixed -use development patterns that support a variety of commercial and residential opportunities, including both multi -family and small -lot single family development, fewer vehicular trips and neighborhood walkability. • Community character: historical character and natural relationships, such as historic buildings, slopes with views, and the waterfront. • Multimodal: pedestrian and bike network transit service and access. The five types of activity centers, each of which prescribes a contextually sensitive place -based approach to future land use, are: • Downtown • Waterfront • Districts within Highway 99 Subarea • Neighborhood Centers (Westgate, Five Corners, Firdale Village and Medical District Expansion) • Neighborhood Hubs (North Bowl, Firdale North, Perrinville, East Seaview, West Edmonds Way, South Lake Ballinger and Maplewood) EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 18 7.A.a • Balanced (re)development: a balanced and coordinated approach to economic development and housing, along with cultural and environmental goals. • Concurrency: Involves investment from the public and private sectors for adequate infrastructure. • Adaptive reuse: An alternative approach to redevelopment of historic structures to preserve these resources when feasible. Quality of life in Edmonds will be further improved by growing its unique, thriving neighborhoods and anchoring them with social gathering points which are well connected by safe streets and parks. To that end, Neighborhood Centers and Hubs apply these principles of integrated place -making to encourage collaboration among the community, policymakers, and private developers to ensure that urban spaces are not only functional but also context specific and socially cohesive. Outside of these activity centers, land use decisions will be guided by other elements of this document. Other elements of this document may also inform decisions in activity centers where appropriate. Neighborhood Centers and Hubs Goal LU-3 Promote development within the centers and hubs as the focus for growth in a way that enhances a sense of place and provides a good quality of life for all residents. Policy LU-3.1 Encourage multi -family residential development alongside a diverse mix of retail and commercial spaces within centers and hubs to enable efficient land utilization and strengthen community cohesion. L Policy LU-3.2 Establish Centers and Hubs as focal points for residents' needs, services, jobs, housing E with mobility options and recreational opportunities. L) Collaborate with organizations and agencies to support local businesses at risk of displacement, helping them have the resources to thrive. -� Policy LU-3.3 Incentivize development that provides signature pedestrian facilities and public space, c _I supports local business and incorporates affordable housing. c Policy LU-3.4 Coordinate with Community Transit to enable last -mile connections to support transit use. B s Policy LU-3.5 Manage the transition between the core of neighborhood centers to the surrounding community with stepped -down densities and heights, and retail uses that are more Q neighborhood serving and associated with less traffic demand. Goal LU-4 Enable mixed -use areas to be distinct, human -scale environments that foster placemaking opportunities. Policy LU-4.1 Support satellite civic uses and capital investments, where practical, to serve as anchors in centers and hubs. Policy LU-4.2Adopt regulations that reduce barriers for mixed use, multifamily developments while providing for context -appropriate design. 40 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 19 7.A.a Policy LU-4.3 Continue transition of overhead wires and poles to underground facilities. Policy LU-4.4 Promote pedestrian -friendly ground - level activities and street -facing storefronts and commercial spaces that create opportunities for community engagement in all mixed -use areas. Policy LU-4.5 Ensure that urban spaces are accessible to people of all ages and abilities. This includes designing for mobility and creating spaces that are easy to navigate for everyone. Goal LU-5 Foster healthy and thriving community places. Policy LU-5.1 Support active transportation (e.g., walking and bicycling) access to public facilities, schools, parks and open space, employment centers, and other amenities and resources. Policy LU-5.2 Support increased greenspace, tree canopy, and integration of nature within urban settings. Policy LU-5.4 Open space should be equitably distributed throughout the centers and hubs, promoting active and passive recreation, foster social interactions and community engagement WHAT IS HUMAN SCALE? "Human scale" refers to the design of buildings, streets, and spaces that consider the physical and sensory experiences of people. It's about creating environments that people find comfortable, engaging, and conducive to their daily activities, fostering a sense of belonging and community. Built form: Design elements shall be scaled and designed with human dimensions and senses in mind - such as the first 30' of building height, widths of buildings, frequent entrances, and the distances between buildings to ensure that proportions are relatable and do not detract from the pedestrian experience Facades: Textures, materials, and transparency to create visual interest at the pedestrian eye level Pedestrian -Friendly Details: Streets adhere to complete street design standards with landscaping, wide sidewalks, and calm vehicular traffic. Policy LU-5.5 Facilitate partnerships between the city, neighborhoods, business, and property owners/ a' � developers to reduce or share costs associated with neighborhood improvements. Policy LU-5.6 Encourage space sharing between properties to serve neighborhood businesses for �a Ji staging garbage, recycling and compost Policy LU-5.7 Find opportunities to integrate small open spaces such as pocket parks, expanded r outdoor cafe seating areas, and intimate plazas appropriate for small community gatherings and impromptu meetings between neighbors. 2 Q Goal LU-6 Support efficient parking management strategies. Policy LU-6.1 Foster shared parking arrangements between different land uses (e.g., office and residential) to optimize the use of existing parking spaces. Policy LU-6.2 Encourage adaptable building design for parking garages to have flat floors, which will allow for future use conversion. Policy LU-6.3 Consider opportunities to reflect changing parking demand as single -occupancy vehicle uses evolve and where transit or other alternatives become available. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 20 7.A.a Downtown In downtown, goals and policies focus on encouraging uses that complement existing businesses to improve vibrancy and vitality. Downtown land use will allow a range of amenities and activities that complement its walkable environment, creative and cultural sector, restaurants and retail, and historic buildings which are intrinsic to Edmonds' identity. Landmarks and gathering spaces can serve as focal points to attract people, including visitors, to beloved Edmonds events such as arts festivals and farmers markets. Strategically introducing ground floor residential uses along the edges of downtown with, design and street frontage considerations will increase public safety by placing "eyes on the street" while supporting the retail core, providing housing choices appropriate for seniors, and more productively utilizing land. Further modification of downtown design standards can help ensure success of ground floor residential and retail space and improve building quality while maintaining the scale of downtown A major highlight of downtown will continue to be the 4th Avenue arts corridor. To complement this and add to the ecosystem of the Edmonds arts community, Dayton St. will be supported as a live -work corridor. This will further serve to connect downtown and the waterfront and add vitality to the south downtown in a way that complements rather than competes with Main Street. Goal LU-7 Strengthen and expand the unique identity of Downtown Policy LU-7.1 Encourage the adaptive reuse of historic structures by facilitating seismic retrofits, accessibility, and code upgrades Policy LU-7.2 Reinforce the public realm along the "5th Ave and Main St corridor" supporting various retail, public uses, and pedestrian activities. Goal LU-8 Strengthen and expand the creative identity of Edmonds Downtown Creative District. U) Policy LU-8.1 Strengthen meaningful connections and representation of indigenous culture, past and present. J I Policy LU-8.2Provide flexibility for creative uses, including retail, small-scale production spaces, and o live work uses. a� Policy LU-8.3Explore programs that support interim, transitional, or temporary creative uses that can E transform underutilized spaces with temporary arts. w w Policy LU-8.4Continue to explore strategies to nurture the working arts through access to supportive a facilities (working spaces and venues) and facilitating an affordable cost of living. 42 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 21 7.A.a Waterfront Nestled within a walkable distance from the vibrant downtown core, the Edmonds Waterfront stands as a unique and captivating destination. This picturesque setting, with stunning views of the Puget Sound and the Olympic Mountains, blends natural beauty, recreation, active businesses, and significant transportation facilities, Community members are deeply invested in preserving the area's scenic beauty, enjoying recreational activities, and fostering educational opportunities for natural resource conservation. The City of Edmonds' beaches are renowned as marine protected areas, and the Edmonds Marsh is one of the last remaining urban, tidally influenced saltwater estuaries in the Puget Sound region. Restoration of fish habitat is a key priority in this area. Adding to the city's waterfront charm is the Edmonds Underwater Dive Park, located just north of the Edmonds -Kingston Ferry Landing, which stands as the most popular of Washington's 10 underwater parks. (, Edmonds Amtrak p �g Station Figure 2.6 Key locations within the Edmonds Waterfront The waterfront is also home to a port district —the Port of Edmonds —and many local businesses, including a hotel, restaurants, retail shops, and services. The Port district operates a long-time marina, which includes service for water -related commercial activities, as well as public access, and provides space for local businesses at Harbor Square, a commercial campus. Nearby, the Cascadia Art Museum, which is operated by an educational nonprofit organization, operates in its own renovated building. A little further north, the Edmonds Community Center was recently rebuilt along the waterfront to provide a welcoming and scenic public space. Redevelopment there included cleanup of contamination from old piers. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 22 7.A.a In this same general vicinity, BNSF operates a north -south train system that includes frequent freight service on a set of single tracks roughly paralleling the shoreline and separating the western -most portion of the waterfront area from the remainder. On this track, Amtrak provides passenger rail services, including commuter service to Seattle. BNSF has proposed double -tracking along here but the timing remains uncertain. Close to the shoreline, Washington State Ferries operates the ferry terminal. It serves as the westerr gateway to downtown and provides ferry transportation between Edmonds and Kingston, with a connection to Hwy 104 in Edmonds. Proposed by Washington state, the Edmonds Crossing project included relocation of ferry terminal from its downtown setting to a less developed area to the south Because of the very high cost of relocation and obstacles to implementation, the Edmonds Crossing project was ultimately dropped from Washington State plans. Key Driving Factors CU Given the area's many attributes, diverse property ownerships, and increasing popularity, establishing a clear vision to implement complementary strategies and partnerships is more crucial than ever for the future of the Edmonds Waterfront. U) • Preparation for the Edmonds Crossing project was incorporated into the Edmonds Comprehensive 3 = Plan in 2015 and its 2020 update. Due to cancelation of the project, land use assumptions and N opportunities need reconsideration. • Edmonds recognizes that sea level rise pertaining to climate change is likely to affect the waterfront. • Concerns about the Edmonds Marsh: The marsh extents have been reduced to what they were 2 years. Today, much of the remaining Marsh is protected from development while opportunities for 0. public viewing, viable bird habitat, and low -impact pedestrian access have increased. U) • Emergency access between the waterfront and the city: Grade -level access is frequently blocked by _ train traffic for periods of each day and at times for sustained period of time, when a train has to stop a on the tracks. As the train traffic through Edmonds increases, providing emergency services can o become challenging. L) • The Unocal property has been going through years -long cleanup. The state has been overseeing a) this cleanup, which is expected to result in new ownership of the property and possibly more opportunities Meanwhile, the City has invested significant resources, including grant funds —to _I protect the adjacent natural environment, enhance passive recreational opportunities, and also to c operate a regional sewage treatment facility and other types of public infrastructure. • Waterfront's connection with downtown. This connection is an important part of Edmonds' identify. a� E Moreover, the economic value and convenience of having businesses and public facilities in both the waterfront and historic downtown areas significantly contribute to the city's tax revenues, which in Q turn fund essential services for local residents. 44 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 23 7.A.a Planning Context In 2021, the City conducted a waterfront study to understand new information about the waterfront area and to make some corresponding preliminary recommendations for considering the area's future. The preliminary study recommended that a vision be developed to address: • Land use and transportation policies that recognize the existing ferry terminal • Desired land use of the Unocal property • The Edmonds Marsh and Willow Creek restoration project, including refined cost estimates, design, and flood mitigation planning. • Emergency management needs of the waterfront. The 2021 study was a good start. It led to initial public engagement exercises that identified ideas and amenities of interest to community members. Going forward, a variety of interested parties, including the tribes, the Port, environmental advocates, businesses, and affected property owners, also will be involved in developing a future vision that takes into account different needs and practical next steps. Goal LU-9 Promote Edmonds waterfront as a destination with enhanced pedestrian experiences and vibrant public realm. Policy LU-9.1 Maintain existing parks as high -quality, safe places and consider opportunities to create new public spaces, and plazas through partnerships and capital investments. Policy LU-9.2Enhance pedestrian safety and walkability along the waterfront, with improved infrastructure, signalized intersections, and new pedestrian connections. Policy LU-9.3Encourage gathering spaces for cultural festivals, music, and seasonal events to foster community interaction and cultural appreciation. Goal LU-10 Enhance ecological functionality and promote the restoration of natural Q habitats, supporting community education, recreation and natural habitat 0 sustainability. Policy LU-10.1 Restore and reclaim Edmonds Marsh as a vital ecological, educational and recreational U) � area. c J Policy LU-10.2 Prioritize salmon restoration in ecological planning and development. i c Policy LU-10.3 Remove or modify barriers, such as culverts, to improve fish passage. r E Goal LU-11 Encourage economic vitality, public safety, and recreational and cultural s a activities. Policy LU-11.1 Support opportunities for businesses and services to operate or expand in appropriate locations. Policy LU-11.2 Include economic considerations in planning for the waterfront Policy LU-11.3 Seek and implement improvements, as feasible, to ensure emergency access to the waterfront. Policy LU-11.4 Maintain and enhance the connection of parks and public spaces between the waterfront and downtown. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 24 7.A.a Highway 99 Activity Center and Subarea The Edmonds Highway 99 subarea is located along approximately 2 miles of Highway 99 and bordered by several jurisdictions — Lynnwood, Mountlake Terrace, Shoreline, and the unincorporated Snohomish County neighborhood of Esperance. It is mostly comprised of strip of retail and commercial uses bounded by residential neighborhoods. The city adopted the Highway 99 Subarea Plan in 2017. This subarea plan describes concepts for the area with direction for transportation facilities and the built environment. The subarea plan also describes relationships to surrounding residential areas and themed "character areas" or districts. Gateway District The goal of the gateway district is to provide a positive experience entering Edmonds and an anchor for the south end of the Highway 99 corridor. Key to this is creating community gathering spaces and activity nodes, building a community through mixed use development, retaining local businesses, addressing traffic and intersection challenges, connecting to the interurban trail, and maintaining and expanding the tree canopy. Quality design of the built environment should be emphasized. A possible implementation strategy for the gateway district is a community renewal area. International District The international district is known for its cultural significance and diversity. As a great asset to Edmonds, the land use strategy plays a vital role in protecting and growing this community. The community has expressed interest in venues that can host live music, festivals, and markets, as well as outdoor spaces such as Asian gardens. Business growth and retention is particularly important for this character area. Development should include a variety of culturally relevant design features that, when taken as a whole, clearly indicate to visitors the extents of the district. Health District 2zlt�. St 5W ' 1' 1, 212th 5t 5W , Ed--d. W000way M,qh Health School ' 6 WIIW 1 SWee1s^ District 3� Hospital , ��IIW Mee'inne � Lq°C- Nwr1 220th St SW _ _ s _ 1 1 ' � 1 1 Pl— Tree 2241h St SW pl— 1 International � a.d�h — District s1o,a,. Mar1f, 22e", St SW 230th St SW °r i t 232W gSw t t 234th St SW I — 1 < 236th St Sy -1 1 w Alaala �� a 1 Gateway t.ke 2.1,S,5W k eau np.. ° District 240tnstsw � OMajor Transportation 242ntl St 5 C Gateway wp 2441h Sty 111111 Figure 2.7 Distinct districts within Highway 99 Subarea Plan With a large hospital complex at its heart, the Highway 99 health district aims to grow its healthcare - adjacent business, amenities, and services. Housing needs include short term housing such as hotels to serve visitors to the hospital, as well as housing for seniors and others who could benefit from direct access to medical services and facilities. The proposed new Neighborhood center called the Medical District Expansion is developed as continuation of this district outside the subarea plan boundary. Iv In C �a J I N O r c a� E s 0 �a Q 46 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 25 7.A.a The basis for land use decision -making along Highway 99 will continue to be the Highway 99 Subarea Plan. However, several area -wide themes will be emphasized, as well as further development of each of the three character areas along Highway 99. Goal LU-12 Enable Hwy-99 Subarea's transition to a mixed -use, walkable environment. Policy LU-12.1 Leverage the proximity of the light rail station when proposing changes to land use or encouraging a diverse mix of uses. Prioritize developments that complement transit access, such as mixed -use buildings, pedestrian -friendly amenities, and services that enhance the station area's vibrancy and connectivity. Policy LU-12.2 Promote pedestrian- and bike -friendly growth, with a focus on providing safe access, through -block connections, adequate lighting, and high -quality streetscapes. Policy LU-12.3 Explore funding opportunities at the state and regional level for infrastructure improvements that can support the subarea's land use strategies Policy LU-12.4 Increase frequency and visibility of pedestrian crossings at key cross streets and bus stops on Highway 99. Policy LU-12.5 Apply traffic calming best practices to facilitate pedestrian, business, and residential access while maintaining traffic capacity along Highway 99. Continue to collaborate with WSDOT to develop a circulation management plan. Policy LU-12.6 Prioritize access through side streets and minimize curb cuts for new and existing developments to enhance safety while minimizing impacts to surrounding residential neighborhoods. Goal LU-13 Emphasize the unique opportunities of the Gateway, International, and Health districts along Highway 99. N Policy LU-13.1 Foster and enhance the unique character of the International District by: • Protecting and supporting the business cluster while mitigating displacement due to redevelopment. J • Incorporating culturally significant design elements into public spaces, buildings, and infrastructure to N preserve and enhance the districts' unique identity r Policy LU-13.2 Develop the Gateway District as a distinct transition point on Highway 99 by: • Promoting urban design features in the southern gateway district and the northern entry to Edmonds along Highway 99 that create a sense of arrival. • Integrating public art, high -quality streetsca e features, and encouraging high -quality gatewafeatures Q on private development within these areas. Policy LU-13.3 Develop the Health district as a complement to the Medical Activity Center, to grow a diverse and comprehensive health -focused area. Encourage research partnerships, health and wellness advocacy and education opportunities. Expand housing choices to meet specific needs such as short-term housing for families and individuals, specialized housing for people with chronic illnesses and disabilities, especially for low-income groups. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 26 7.A.a Goal LU-14 Encourage transitioning of development scale between certain districts and seek small-scale improvements for public spaces. Policy LU-14.1 Support neighborly transitions between low —density residential and more intense types of development in selected areas within the subarea boundary. Explore increasing the height allowance for some parcels adjacent to Highway 99 and SWIFT BRT bus stops while ensuring the net growth capacity of the Highway 99 subarea is not affected. Policy LU-14.2 Consider branding elements expressed through public and local art, street furniture, bus shelter designs, pavement patterns, special lighting fixtures, colored crosswalks, or banners. Policy LU-14.3 Wayfinding elements should indicate that the corridor is within the City of Edmonds and show how connections can be made to key Edmonds destinations. Priority -Use Areas Residential Neighborhoods Goal LU-15 Ensure the availability of quality housing to all sections of the community, accommodating the spectrum of housing needs and preferences. Policy LU-15.1 Encourage and monitor the shift from single-family dominant residential zoning to low- _ density and medium -density residential zones to provide a wide variety of housing types and a sizes, while keeping the quality of living a priority. Policy LU-15.2 Adjust development standards and regulations that act as barriers to the possibility of middle housing in residential zones, Policy LU-15.3 Encourage middle housing typologies of different sizes and affordability levels to make a o housing available for individuals and families of all sizes, in compliance with the state legislation. Policy LU-15.4 Apply contextually appropriate standards and regulations to transition between low density, medium residential and mixed -use zone. �a Commercial Areas J N 40 Goal LU-16 Locate commercial development in Edmonds to take advantage of its unique economic opportunities while being compatible with the surrounding neighborhood. Policy LU-16.1 The design and location of commercial sites should provide for convenient and safe Q access for customers, employees, and suppliers. Policy LU-16.2 Commercial developments should be designed to minimize the impacts of traffic and noise. Policy LU-16.3 Discourage poorly connected strip commercial areas along Edmonds streets and highways. Policy LU-16.4 Encourage location of vehicular parking behind buildings to promote a pedestrian friendly street frontage 48 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 27 7.A.a Policy LU-16.5 Minimize curb cuts where possible, especially along streets with pedestrian traffic. Policy LU-16.6 Promote inclusion of public amenities such as pocket parks, plazas, and community spaces in commercial developments. Industrial Areas Goal LU-17 Ensure that any new industrial development in Edmonds contributes to economic growth and stability while preserving the quality of life and protecting the environment Policy LU-17.1 Light industrial uses should be given preference over heavy industrial uses. The industry type should not degrade Edmonds' natural or residential living environment. Policy LU-17.2 Adequate buffers for landscaping, compatible transitional land uses and open space should be utilized to protect surrounding land areas from the adverse effects of industrial land use. Particular attention should be given to protecting residential areas, parks and other public - institutional land uses. Policy LU-17.3 All industrial areas should be located where direct access can be provided to regional ground transportation systems (major State Highways and/or railroad lines). Figure 2.8 Edmonds Downtown (Source: Edmonds Downtown Alliance) a) U) c �a J I N O r C d E t t� R Q EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 28 7.A.a Open Space The 2022 Parks, Recreation & Open Space Plan (PROS Plan) is a six -year guide and strategic plan for managing and enhancing park and recreation services in Edmonds. It establishes a path forward for providing high quality, community -driven parks, trails, open spaces and recreational opportunities. The Edmonds community is fortunate to have retained several significant natural areas across the City. Approximately 75 acres of open space are owned and managed by the City, in coordination with the acreage of developed parks. These open space properties include forested lands, waterfronts, and wetlands across 13 different sites. The open space classification distinguishes natural lands from parks developed for active recreation and other highly managed landscapes. Open space may refer to public properties that are exclusively natural areas or portions of larger parks that are managed as natural areas. These open space lands are managed to preserve, restore, and conserve ecosystem functions, native vegetation, and wildlife habitat. Open space properties are undeveloped, primarily left in their natural form, and are managed to retain or enhance natural or scenic resources. However, open space may include trails or interpretive signs, along with modest support amenities such as parking or restrooms. Goal LU-18 Expand and enhance open space in the community to improve environmental quality and overall community well-being Policy LU-18.1 Evaluate the suitability of undeveloped public properties to serve as open space. Fa a Policy LU-18.2 No city -owned property should be relinquished until reasonable community uses and related costs have been explored. Policy LU-18.3 Seek opportunities to increase open spaces, especially: a� • Natural and green belt areas adjacent to highways and arterials a E 0 • Areas that have steep slopes or are in major stream drainage ways U • Wetlands a) U) • Land that can serve as buffers between high noise environments and sensitive uses. • Lands that would have unique suitability for future passive or active recreational use. c ca J Goal LU-19Support the goals of the City's Parks Recreation and Open Space (PROS) I N Plan Policy LU-19.1 Provide an interconnected park system that offers a wide variety of year-round recreation s a opportunities and experiences which support and enhance Edmonds' cultural identity and the Q natural environment. Policy LU-19.2 Preserve and pursue opportunities to expand public access and enjoyment of Edmonds open space and recreational facilities. Policy LU-19.3 Conserve and provide access to natural resource lands for habitat conservation, recreation, and environmental education. 50 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 29 7.A.a Legend O City Limits - City Parks - Open Space & Special Use Areas - Non -city Parks - Non-cityParks w/ Interlocal Agreer _ Edmonds School District - Water 6 OW, Center PlayBeld Community Park J Dayton St Plazas Special Use Park 8 Etlmpnds Ubrary Plaza Special Use Park 9 Edmonds Marsh Open Space 30 Edmonds Memorial Cemetery Special Use Park 11 Waterfront Center Park Waterfront Park 12 EIm St Park Neighborhootl Park 13 Frances Anderson Center Special Use Park 14 Frances Anderson Center Field Neighborhood Park 15 H.O. Hutt Park Open Space 36 Haines Tidelands Open Space lT Haines Wharf Neighborhood Park 18 Hazel Miller Plaza Special Use Park 19 Hickman Park Neighborhood Park W Hummingbird Hill Park Neighborhood Park 21 Interurban Trail Special Use Park 22 Lake Ballinger Access Special Use Park 23 Maplewood Hill Park Open Space 24 Marina Beach Park Waterfront Park 25 Mathay Ballinger Park Neighborhood Park 26 Meadowdale Clubhouse Special Use Park 27 Meadowdale Natural Areas Open Space 28 Ocean Aye Yewpoint Special Use Park 29 Olympic Beach Waterfront Park 30 Olympic Vlew Open Space Open Space 31 Pine Ritlge EM ISW) Open Space 32 Pine Ridge Park Open Space 33 Pine St Park Neighborhood Park 34 Richard F. An—y Park Spatial Use Park 35 Seaview Park Neighborhaal Park 36 Seaview Reservoir Open Space 37 Shell Creek Open Space Open Space 38 Sierra Park Neighborhood Park 39 Stamm Overlook Special Use Park 40 Sunset Ave Special Use Park 41 Veterans Plaza Special Use Park 42 Wharf Street Open SPace 43 Willow Creek Park Open Space 44 Yost Memorial Park 45 Lvnndale Skate Park Community Park Soecial Use Park o Woodway Puget Sound I I - 1T6TH ST S Snohomish Ir C unt Park I _ 1 180TH ST SW Lynnwood Lynndal Park 1BBTHS S Unincorporated Snohomish Co. 3 ST '"I /� 208TH ST SW �/� 3 a .6 Mountlake Terrace I PL SW f 22aTH ST SW Ballinger' Z¢ Park 3 \ 235TH PL SW%ZCw 236TH ST SW 238TH ST SW j g ~ 1 FOMON 244TH ST SW Figure .9 Existing Parks and Open Spaces (Source: Edmonds Parks, Recreation & Open Space Plan 2022-2027) EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 30 7.A.a The Natural Environment The Natural Environment section serves as a guiding framework for the responsible stewardship of natural resources within the city, aligning with the community's vision and priorities. It encompasses considerations such as soils and vegetation, wildlife, open space preservation, equity, harmonious integration of built and natural environments, and collaboration on regional natural resource issues. Natural critical areas require careful management to balance development with environmental conservation. These areas, such as marshes, floodplains, and steep slopes, play crucial roles in maintaining biodiversity, mitigating natural hazards, and preserving water quality. In 2022, the city became aware of two Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas (CARAs) in Edmonds. They are Olympic View Water and Sewer District wellhead protection areas. According to the state Growth Management Act, CARAs are critical areas which must be regulated and protected using best available science (BAS). The Shoreline Master Program (SMP) applies to shorelines within the City and establishes standards for shoreline development. The shoreline areas within the City of Edmonds jurisdiction include Puget Sound, Lake Ballinger, and the tidally influenced portions of the Edmonds Marsh. Shoreline Jurisdiction also applies to upland areas within 200 feet of the shoreline edge (ordinary high-water mark) and associated wetlands. Goal LU-20 New development should be compatible with the natural constraints of IU slopes, soils, geology, drainage, vegetation and habitat. 0. Policy LU-20.1 Designate and protect critical areas using the best available science (BAS) pursuant to RCW 36.70A.172 and long-range climate change projections. a Policy LU-20.2 In addition to regulations, provide incentives that encourage environmental a o stewardship, resource conservation, and environmental enhancement during development �? activities. U) Policy LU-20.3 When an alteration to a critical area or its buffer is proposed, such alteration should be avoided, minimized, or compensated. Where appropriate, use adaptive management to monitor and evaluate effectiveness of such alterations and consider whether regulations should be GI updated to achieve the level of protection intended in the regulations. Goal LU-21 Encourage low impact development approaches for managing stormwater. a� E Policy LU-21.1 Encourage retaining native vegetation, reducing impervious surfaces, and protecting Q habitat. Policy LU-21.2 Promote the use of best management practices (BMPs) for stormwater to enhance infiltration and reduce runoff, such as permeable pavements, green roofs, green streets, rain gardens, and retention basins. 52 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 31 7.A.a Creek ® Seismic Hazard Areas r ® Earth Subsidence and Landslide Area r! Minimum Buffer Adjacent to Hazard - Wetlands Wetland Boundaries Not Completely Delineated Wetland Known Extents Floodplain Zones VE Ai ®X 7 + rr Wellhead Protection Areas D* Exposed Aquifer - 6 Month' _ 1Year 5 Year V, la 10 Year_./ / i' Buffer Zone - ' '' ~� - 40%Slope .1 •. r !i` �. `: 1'i l r• :��l r . Alderwood or Everett - Soils 15%-40%Slope 15%-40 % Slope - Greater han25%Sloe rj rI, ria�•- ,' 1�;?� ' r /• a •'4;.. "+r ir Vol th fir' ' �-.• � . IN Jr ir.. � , •�.r r .'' � - row, -� -:err :�;••t, ;• , i+•. 4. lor Figure 2.10 Critical Areas (Source: City of Edmonds) EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 32 7.A.a Goal LU-22 Protect the quality and quantity of groundwater used for public water supplies. Policy LU-22.1 Limit land use activities that would negatively impact groundwater recharge. Policy LU-22.2 Restrict or prohibit activities that pose a high risk of contaminating the aquifer. Policy LU-22.3 Encourage projects that actively enhance aquifer recharge, such as artificial recharge basins, managed aquifer recharge (MAR) systems, and restoring natural recharge areas. Policy LU-22.4 Collaborate with Olympic View Water and Sewer District to monitor periodic assessment of groundwater levels, recharge rates, and water quality. Policy LU-22.5 Use environmental regulations that reflect the best available science for Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas (CARAs), to protect groundwater resources. Policy LU-22.6 Consider investing in stormwater management facilities to reduce impacts on groundwater resources, especially in Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. Soil and Topography Goal LU-23 Facilitate responsible development practices in areas with steep slopes and potentially hazardous soil conditions. Policy LU-23.1 Designate areas where development is restricted or prohibited based on slope J gradients and soil stability assessments. r_ Policy LU-23.2 Require special permits for developments in identified high -risk areas, ensuring . thorough review and compliance with safety standards. •�'-, Policy LU-23.3 Consider flexible lot line adjustment and lot combination and division to allow parcels c with steep slopes to preserve the site and reduce impervious surfaces, cuts, and fills. a E Policy LU-23.4 Encourage streets and access ways to conform to the natural topography, reducing 0 runoff and minimize grading of hillsides. a) Policy LU-23.5 Use special design and building standards based upon best management practices U) to mitigate the impacts of development on and adjacent to steep slopes, erosion hazard, and landslide hazard areas. JI • Regularly update City building and development codes to incorporate the best and latest standards for N O r minimizing damage caused by seismic activities and consider such hazards when locating land uses and E intensities. s Policy LU-23.6 Encourage opportunities for increasing seismic safety while retaining historic buildings. Q Policy LU-23.7 Provide for buffers around the perimeter of undevelopable landslide hazard areas to minimize the risk to human life and safety. 54 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 33 7.A.a Habitat, Vegetation and Wildlife Goal LU-24 Preserve and enhance natural habitats woodlands, marshes, wetlands and other natural areas. Policy LU-24.1 Improve water quality, fish habitat, and wildlife resources consistent with adopted state and federal standards. Policy LU-24.2 Participate in regional efforts to recover Priority Habitats and Species including through watershed planning, restoration, implementation efforts, the WRIA 8 Salmon Recovery program, and other recovery actions. Policy LU-24.3 Avoid introduction of invasive plant and animal species into natural areas. Prioritize the use of native plants in landscaping of public properties and right of ways. Apply best available science to support habitat restoration and expansion. Policy LU-24.4 Seek opportunities to restore and enhance the Edmonds Marsh as an estuary. Policy LU-24.5 Identify and implement targeted public projects to improve salmon habitat and help ensure the protection and recovery of the native salmon population. Goal LU-25 Promote and increase public awareness and pride in Edmonds' wildlife heritage. Policy LU-25.1 Through partnerships and coordination, seek to provide education and recreational programs and activities for all age levels. Policy LU-25.2 Encourage public educational displays that identify some of the more common plants and animals and their ecosystems and habitats, including at streams, beaches, and marshes. a� C �a J I N O r C d E t t� R Q EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 34 7.A.a Tree Canopy The urban forest in Edmonds is a vital component of the city's infrastructure. However, as with many communities, Edmonds is facing environmental challenges while seeking to balance development and conservation. A healthy city-wide tree canopy is crucial for maintaining this balance, serving as a valuable resource for the well-being of current and future generations. Trees comprising a broad age distribution, and a variety of species ensure a robust and healthy tree canopy over time. According to the Tree Canopy assessment report released in 2022, 34.6% of of Edmonds' land is covered by tree canopy. The gains in tree canopy outpaced losses by a very small amount in the past five years (2015-2020). This may be attributable to incremental growth of existing trees, highlighting the importance of preservation efforts for significant trees and allowing flexibility to accomplish housing and community objectives while prioritizing trees and other natural resources. Figure 2.11 Existing tree canopy percentage summarized using 20-acre hexagons for the year 2020 (Source: Tree Canopy Assessment Report 2022) Goal LU-26 Expand the tree canopy cover over the next 20 years with a goal of no net N loss. Policy LU-26.1 Invest in tree plantings in areas that have documented high summer temperatures, risk _J of flooding and low tree canopy to enhance ecosystem services and improve equity. c r Policy LU-26.2 Prioritize tree preservation within riparian corridors, wetlands, and associated buffers, and minimize deforestation on steep slopes to maintain stability. E Policy LU-26.3 Reduce clearcutting or other development impacts on the urban forest. Q Policy LU-26.4 Promote "Right tree, right place" which ensures a balanced combination of long-lived native trees and nursery -grown street trees, planted in locations that are suitable for their growth and contribute to a sustainable urban forest. Policy LU-26.5 Partner with local nurseries, gardening clubs, environmental organizations, and schools to promote tree care initiatives and provide resources such as give-away trees and/or tree vouchers for use in Edmonds. Policy LU-26.6 Protect significant trees within the community, so that they continue to provide environmental, aesthetic, and social benefits 56 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 35 7.A.a Potential Action Items The following list outlines potential action items that can be further explored to guide implementation efforts, considering the city's priorities, available resources, and other critical factors. Any such action that is selected will be designed to support the City's long-term vision while ensuring compliance with the Growth Management Act (GMA). • Develop a `complete streets' street typology manual that considers land use in street design and functionality. • Develop a street activation toolkit to facilitate community led events that temporarily utilize the right of way for local gatherings in all centers and hubs • Utilize the Green Street manual as a tool to identify and design transportation and stormwater projects citywide • Conduct a well -reasoned analysis of local policies and regulations contributing to racially disparate impacts, displacement, and exclusion at neighborhood level and take necessary actions to undo impacts. • Identify festival streets that could serve as periodic public spaces, designed with the goal of pedestrian comfort and providing flexibility to accommodate occasional events • Adopt tools to minimize impacts on adjacent lower -density residentially zoned properties, such as landscape buffers, tree retention, high -quality design elements, adequate parking, and low lighting and noise levels • Encourage developers to unbundle parking costs from rent, allowing tenants to opt out of paying for parking spaces they do not need. Waterfront: o U_ • Create people centered hubs that are pedestrian -only zones, free of vehicular traffic, to expand usable open spaces for recreating, socializing and hosting events. • Develop signature pedestrian routes, with wide sidewalks, lighting and wayfinding, that connect parks, key activity nodes, and downtown Edmonds NI • Use interpretative signage and/or art to highlight the historic and ecological significance of the 0 waterfront. E • Develop additional pocket parks and open spaces along the boardwalk, connected by bike and pedestrian pathways for increased accessibility. Q • Provide diverse and inclusive amenities and activities that cater to all community members, visitors enhancing the recreational and cultural vibrancy of the waterfront. • Design a network of pathways, boardwalks, and trails that prioritize pedestrians and connect key destinations. • Continue implementing a continuous shoreline walkway (boardwalk/esplanade) from Brackett's Landing North to Marina Beach Park. Work with the Port of Edmonds to integrate recreation and marina functions into the long-term plan. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 36 7.A.a Rebuild Marina Beach Park to enhance access and incorporate green spaces, providing a revitalized recreational area for the community. Restore and reclaim Edmonds Marsh as a vital ecological, educational and recreational area, designating it as an open space with water access for passive recreation. Support evaluation and establishment of a regional wildlife sanctuary and recreation area at the southern end of the Edmonds Waterfront. (Includes but not limited to the Edmonds Marsh -Estuary, adjacent wetland open spaces, the Unocal/WSDOT property, Marina Beach, city park, Willow Creek, and Shellabarger creek Prioritize salmon restoration in all ecological planning and development. Support projects like Willow Z 41 creek daylighting encouraging salmon restoration. Facilitate expansion of "Willow Creek Salmon Hatchery & Habitat Center" as the gateway to the restored Edmonds Marsh at SR 104/ Pine St. E LU Redevelop Marina Beach Park to enhance recreational amenities while preserving natural habitats. CU Design boardwalk loop with viewing platforms, observation decks, educational signage, and wide E landscape promenades to the Edmonds Marsh without impacting the environment, enhancing its v ecological, educational and recreational value • Create pathways to protect flora and fauna, minimize ecological disturbance, and prevent habitat c destruction. _ • Rehabilitate and protect riparian zones along streams to improve water quality and provide essential habitat for salmon • Identify, remove or modify barriers such as culverts, dams, pipes and weirs that impede salmon �a J migration, ensuring free passage for all life stages of salmon a • Partner with organizations to educate community, partner with landowners, Tribes, government agencies, community groups, businesses and other nonprofits to develop supportive programs and exhibits to educate local residents and visitors about Edmonds unique eco systems, ecological conservation and significance. E • Encourage programs related to ecological education in local schools L) • Facilitate the growth of the education centers such as Restoration Education Center or Willow Creek N Salmon Hatchery, Watershed Education Center, to provide learning opportunities related to the local watershed and salmon habitat. J I N O Highway 99 Subarea • Establish a structured and regular schedule for engaging with the Highway 99 community to ensure s ongoing, meaningful participation and input. 2 Q Critical Areas Implement performance -based standards that encourage developers to meet specific environmental outcomes rather than prescriptive requirements 58 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 37 7.A.a Soil & Topography • Grading, filling, and tree cutting should be restricted to building pads, reasonable construction clearance, driveways, access ways and other impervious surfaces • Grading should not jeopardize the stability of any slope, or of an adjacent property • Only minimal amounts of cut and fill on hillsides should be permitted so that the natural topography can be preserved. Fill should not be used to create a yard on steeply sloped property • Fill and excavated dirt shall not be pushed down the slope • Minimize deforestation and encourage planting of deep-rooted vegetation and mulch (of suitable native varieties) to prevent siltation of drainage ways and improve stability on steep slopes • Ensure proper design and maintenance of drainage systems to manage surface water runoff and prevent soil saturation Tree Canopy • Reassess city tree canopy at five-year intervals to monitor change and make strategic management decisions. • Include a tree planting budget and a maintenance plan in all rights -of -way and other capital transportation projects • Create volunteer programs to assist elderly or disabled residents with tree care tasks, leveraging community involvement and support • Consider a tree protection ordinance that outlines the criteria for significant trees (factors such as size, species, age, historical significance, and ecological value) and specifies the protections afforded to them • Consider requiring permits for any activity that could potentially impact significant trees, including pruning, removal, and construction activities within the tree's critical root zone • Consider the replacement of removed significant trees with appropriate species and sizes, ensuring no net loss of tree canopy EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 38 Guiding Principle: "Edmonds is an inclusive community where every resident, regardless of their income, background, or ability, has access to safe, affordable, and dignified housing" 7.A.b 62 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 40 7.A.b Introduction The Housing Element for the City of Edmonds outlines the strategies and policies to ensure the availability of safe, affordable, and diverse housing options for all residents. It includes an assessment of current housing conditions. It plays a pivotal role in guiding the development, preservation, and enhancement of the housing stock to meet current and future demands in alignment with local regulations and sustainability goals. Housing in Edmonds offers a diverse mix, predominantly featuring single-family homes that contribute to the city's traditional, suburban feel. These homes are often situated in well -established neighborhoods, many of which boast mature trees, scenic views, and a close-knit community atmosphere. Alongside these, townhouses provide a more compact and often more affordable option, catering to those seeking a balance between private living space and lower maintenance. In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in multifamily developments, including apartments and condominiums. The city is committed to providing a range of housing options to meet the needs of its residents, from young families to retirees, while maintaining the unique character and charm that make Edmonds a desirable place to live. As the city continues to grow, housing affordability and availability are key concerns. Edmonds strives E to balance new development with the preservation of its established neighborhoods, ensuring that c0 housing options are accessible and sustainable for all residents. The city's housing policies are designed to promote a diverse housing stock, encourage sustainable building practices, and support c the creation of affordable housing options that align with the community's values and future growth c plans. =i M O C d E L t) f4 r r.+ Q EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 41 7.A.b Edmonds Housing Today Edmonds' well -established neighborhoods are one of the City's most desirable assets, and critical building blocks to a great community. The city is home to 42,853 people as of 2020 and is anticipated to welcome about 13,113 new residents by 2044. According to the Office of Financial Management (OFM), there were an estimated 18,847 housing units within the City of Edmonds in 2020. Housing Types As of 2024, Edmonds' current housing stock contains a mix of low density detached units, attached townhomes, and larger apartments and condominiums. The current mix of housing stock is shown in Figure 3.1 Since Edmonds does not have much availalble undeveloped land, future development for population growth will mostly occur as redevelopment or infill over time. This will be accomplished with sensitivity and care to maintain the charm of Edmonds' distinct neighborhoods. More detail on this can be found in the Land Use chapter of this comprehensive plan. 51-100 Unit, 101-300 5.50% Unit, 5.90% 13-50 Unit, 14.70% Single 5-12 Unit, Family, 6.70% 59.80% Tri/Quadpl ex, 3.10% Duplex, 4.40% Figure 3.1 Figure Caption 64 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 42 7.A.b Household Size and Vacancy Although regional household size has been trending downwards for decades due to an increasingly senior population with fewer children, household size has grown since 2010. Washington State Department of Commerce attributes the increase in average household size to the under -building of housing, leading to people living in multigenerational housing or with roommates, not by choice but because of the lack of affordable housing. However, the Department of Commerce assumes a continued decline in household size coincident with demographic trends. Likewise, the city of Edmonds has a vacancy rate of 4.2%, which is artificially small due to low housing availability. The Washington State Department of Commerce has directed cities to plan for an economically healthy vacancy rate of 6%. Household size is generally related to the number of bedrooms. The distribution in number of bedrooms for the city of Edmonds existing housing stock is shown in Figure 3.2. 7000 5,883 6000 5,193 5000 4000 3,656 3000 2,493 2000 1,258 1000 364 - 0 No bedroom 1 2 3 4 5 of more- No. of bedrooms Figure 3.2 No of bedrooms distribution Source: Census 2020 Edmonds Housing Targets Edmonds is committed to guiding growth in a manner that is equitable and sustainable. This will be done by increasing the quantity of housing stock and diversity of housing choices, including middle housing and accessory dwelling units (see Appendix A), and identifying and addressing racially disparate impacts of housing policy. As part of doing its part in addressing critical regional needs, Snohomish County's HO-5 Report (adopted May 2023) relates the City of Edmonds' housing targets. Edmonds has a future land supply established in 2021 of 5,148 (see Figure 3.4). Pending 17 49 15 561 0 625 Vacant 44 115 7 422 31 575 Partially Used 21 62 0 0 0 62 Redevelopable 231 -24 63 3508 340 3887 City 313 201 84 4491 371 5148 Figure 3.3 Edmonds future land supply Source: The Housing Characteristics and Needs in Snohomish County report 2023 (HO 5 Report) EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 43 7.A.b In this planning cycle to accommodate population growth, the City must increase its unit capacity by 3,921, for a total of 9,069 housing units. These 9,069 units must be distributed according to the requirements and affordability levels designated in HB 1220. Edmonds' designation as a "high -cost community" impacts the required allocation for types of housing units. Edmonds must plan for: Low -Rise or Mid -Rise Low 0-80% AMI Multi -family. (For eg. 6,814 4,862 1,952 Walk-up apartment buildings) Moderate <80-120% ADUs or Low-rise/ 2129 0 2,129 AMI Mid -rise Detached single Higher Income >120% family homes, Middle AMI Housing- Townhomes, 126 84 42 Duplex, Triplex, Quadplex Figure 3.6 Required allocation of housing units as per affordability levels designated House Bill 1220 By 2044, the unit mix for Edmonds is anticipated to be more diverse, providing a greater amount of housing choices, especially among housing types such as apartments and condominiums, which tend to be more affordable than others. 0 Mobile home, Boat, C =I - RV, van, etc.,1% Mobile home, Boat, ADUs, 0% o ADUs, 7/o RV, van, etc.,1% c m E Multi Family and Middle Housing (2-4 units pe$pt), 36% �` Single Family, Mulb Family and Single Family a 63% Middle Housing 43% (2-4 units per lot), 49% 2020 2044 Figure 3.7 Existing Mix of housing types (Census 2020) and potential mix of housing types as per House Bills compliance (2044) 66 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 44 7.A.b Housing Diversity Goal HA Enable diverse housing types for people of all economic and demographic backgrounds. Policy H-1.1 Housing developments within the neighborhood centers and hubs should promote diverse housing. Provide a mix of housing types and densities shaped through integrated place -making strategies. Policy H-1.2 Encourage infill developments supporting neighborhood life and businesses in centers and hubs. Policy H-1.3 Enable and promote live -work developments in areas that already allow commercial, and retail uses to accommodate living and employment within the same premises. Policy H-1.4 Establish partnerships with employers, local businesses, developers, nonprofits to promote housing projects affordable and accessible to the local workforce with focus on employees in critical sectors such as healthcare, retail, education, and hospitality. Policy H-1.5 Explore funding opportunities and grants to support the development of In a co -housing community, residents typically diverse housing typologies. have their own private living spaces, such as Policy H-1.6 Identify and remove existing individual apartments or houses, and share regulatory barriers and provide some common facilities and amenities. opportunities to support co -housing. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 45 7.A.b Housing Affordability and Equity Housing affordability is defined as area rents and home prices relative to area incomes and is a result of a combination of various factors. The Puget Sound's growth as a powerful economic engine has not been matched with regional housing production, and thus has had significant impacts on regional housing affordability. Like most communities in the Puget Sound, Edmonds access to job centers has led to a steep increase in home prices, stalled only briefly by the COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent economic effects. Edmonds natural beauty furthermore attracts many homebuyers, leading to higher housing costs. The falling affordability of Edmonds can be seen in the home sales affordability index, showing a reduced proportion of homes being sold at prices that would be affordable to low- and moderate - income brackets since 2010. (Figure 3.8) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0-� 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Middle 44 44 72 73 70 106 100 156 137 140 145 137 86 75 Moderate 143 148 167 217 215 275 266 229 193 217 177 154 74 73 Low 105 155 150 170 141 139 113 101 87 64 80 93 43 54 Very Low 18 54 58 57 51 43 61 44 23 29 18 7 5 3 Extremely Low 9 35 40 45 27 21 18 3 1 1 3 0 1 0 ■ Extremely Low Very Low Low ■ Moderate ■ Middle Extremely Low Income Required Income <$40,000, Sale Price <$200,000 Very Low Income Required Income <$68,000, Sale Price <$300,000 Low Income Required Income <$99,900, Sale Price <$460,000 Moderate Income Required Income <$128,800, Sale Price <$590,000 Middle Income Required Income <$162,700, Sale Price <$900,000 Figure 3.8 Home Sales Affordability (Source: AHA) 68 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 46 7.A.b Housing Stock Edmonds' housing stock is older than its regional peers, which means that some of these homes are more affordable than comparable newer ones in other communities.. Much of the existing housing stock was built between 1950 and 1969. As part of the greater Seattle metropolitan area, Edmonds experienced growth earlier than most in Snohomish County. Older properties that have multifamily development are particularly valuable in addressing affordable housing needs, and the maintenance and preservation of this housing should be prioritized when identifying places to address regional housing supply goals. Housing Cost Burdens While there have been benefits to many residents associated with increased home values, others have experienced rising costs as burdens and barriers. These people include the members of the community who are renters, seniors on fixed incomes, young families, and community members who fill roles critical to maintaining Edmonds community, such as artists, teachers, firefighters, retail workers, and other community - supportive jobs. It is necessary to proactively address housing affordability to ensure those that serve the has limited ability to directly participate in the construction or provision of affordable housing, so it has chosen instead to affect the cost of housing by reducing government regulation, providing flexible development standards, and otherwise minimize housing costs that would be passed on to prospective owners or renters. Beyond increasing 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% � �I 0% I _... Built Built Built Built Built Built Built Built Built Built 1939 or 1940 to 1950 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 to 2010 to 2020 or earlier 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 2009 2019 later King County Snohomish County ■ Edmonds Figure 3.9 Age of housing stock (Source: AHA) 60% 52 50% 1a 40% 30% 30% 22% = 20% 10% 0% Less than 20.0 percent 20.0 to 29.9 percent 30.0 to 34.9 percent ■ Owner 2020 • Rent 2020 Figure 3.10 Selected Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentage of Household Income (SMOCAPI) and Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income (GRAPI) (Source: Census 2020) a EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 47 7.A.b the allowances of unit types such as middle housing and accessory dwelling units (ADUs), apartments and condominiums tend to be more affordable, Edmonds is committed to further supporting housing affordability through streamlined permitting and opportunities for different lot configurations. Locating New Housing Capacity Most of Edmonds' new housing capacity will be created in newly designated Centers and Hubs (see the Land Use Chapter of this comprehensive plan for more information). These areas will serve as hearts for vibrant and diverse neighborhoods while concentrating growth in areas best served by existing infrastructure, transit, and community amenities. This approach both reduces the cost of land development, allowing for lower home purchase prices and rents, and enables a lower -cost lifestyle for residents, allowing them, for example, to forgo automobile trips for more affordable transportation options when feasible. Addressing Racial Equity and Displacement The city of Edmonds encourages fair and accessible housing opportunities white 84�� 31° for all families and individuals in the community regardless of their race, age, sex, religion, disability or economic circumstances. A racially disparate impacts analysis has guided the formation of this housing plan, and the housing and land use strategy is aimed at reducing these impacts. At present, Edmonds has a higher share of minorities who are cost burdened as well as a higher share of minorities who are renters. This indicates that Black or African American 13'% 39°jo American Indian and 1% Alaska Native 470b Asian M 8% 23°5 Other Race 1 30,0' 4636 these community members are at higher _ %Occupied Units by Race risk of displacement both due to rising % Cost Burdened Units (Owner and Renter) housing costs, as well as redevelopment necessary to address these rising housing costs. Thus, it is critical to identify where these communities lie to ensure redevelopment areas do not disproportionately fall on these communities. Figure 3.11 Race distribution here is alone or in combination with one or more other races Cost burdened is defined as spending more than 30% of income on housing needs. (Source: Census 2020) 70 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 48 7.A.b The Snohomish County social vulnerability (Ref Figure 3.12) shows where vulnerable populations reside, while the Washington State environmental health disparities map (Ref Figure 3.13) shows where environmental impacts associated with negative health outcomes are. Although both analyses are limited in resolution to the tract level, they indicate that there is increased environmental health issues and social vulnerability near the Highway 99 corridor. Rank High 10 9 8 7 V 5 4 z 1 Low Figure 3.12 Social Vulnerability Index based on Household Composition and Disability, Housing type and transportation, Race and Ethnicity and Socio-economic determinants Source: Washington State Department of Health Disparities Map a EVERYONE'S EDM Packet Pg. 49 7.A.b Figure 3J3 Envirommnetal Health Disparities Map; Source: Washington State Department of Health Disparities Map The city's approach prioritizes the equitable distribution of growth, public investment, and housing resources through the proposed neighborhood centers and hubs located throughout the city, many of which are in areas of greater opportunity and greater environmental health. By dispersing growth and providing affordable housing opportunities in these areas, the city is reducing the concentration of future development previously allocated toward the Highway 99 corridor, thus reducing spatial inequalities and promoting inclusive development that benefits members of the community across all socio-economic sectors. 72 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 50 7.A.b Housing Displacement Risk The Puget Sound Regional Council's Study of Housing Displacement Risk has placed Edmonds at "low" displacement relative to the Puget Sound region. The city of Edmonds is becoming increasingly racially diverse over the past decade, and there is little to no pattern of historic displacement . Figure 3.14 PSRC displacement risk mapping tool identifies areas where residents and businesses are at greater risk of displacement. Source: PSRC However, the city recognizes that unprecedented changes to housing policy within this comprehensive plan could nonetheless result in future displacement if not informed by environmental justice, equitable distribution of opportunities, and sensitivity to existing land use. The city's approach reduces potential displacement by accommodating necessary growth through encouraging redevelopment of underutilized commercial property, rather than existing affordable housing. Furthermore, the ability to move lot lines will likely have a greater impact facilitating new housing in neighborhoods with environmentally critical areas, which are also currently among the more expensive and less diverse neighborhoods relative to the rest of the city. a EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 51 7.A.b Many of the measures outlined below will further assist in reducing the potential for future displacement and equitably distributing the benefits of investment and growth. Goal H-2. Implement measures to increase the affordable housing supply while enhancing the public realm in growth areas. Policy H-2.1 Consider an incentive zoning program to achieve desired housing diversity and public amenities in growth areas. Consider bonus density incentives, expedited permit review and/ or waivers from site development standards to implement a community amenity provision. Consider amenities such as, but not limited to: Community dedicated spaces Beyond -code requirements for pedestrian facilities and connections High -quality public realm or on -site landscape features Policy H-2.2 Allow affordable housing development on land owned by religious institutions as a permitted use. The affordability requirement should correspond with HB1337 legislation. Policy H-2.3 Provide for a higher number of units per lot around the transit stops in activity centers, neighborhood centers and hubs. Policy H-2.4 Consider the reduction of parking requirements for residential developments in areas proximate to transit service or based on planned occupancy (such as seniors, affordable units) to reduce construction costs and to promote affordability of residential development. Policy H-2.5 Leverage public -private partnerships to create affordable housing integrated with community resources, such as libraries, enhancing both housing availability and community amenities. Goal H-3. Achieve a net positive number of housing units per lot in activity centers, neighborhood centers and hubs. Policy H-3.1 Explore a requirement for an equal or greater number of housing units when property in a center or hub is redeveloped. Policy H-3.2 Encourage accessible open space and shared amenities with development of housing in centers and hubs. a 74 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 52 7.A.b People's Policies Goal H-4. Promote rehabilitating and restoring suitable housing stock. Policy H-4.1 Partner with the Edmonds Historic Preservation Commission to engage with property owners, developers, preservationists, and community members to gather input and build support for historic preservation. Policy H-4.2 Provide incentives for homeowners who adopt sustainable design practices, materials and green technologies, in their remodeling projects. Policy H-4.3 Recognize the value of retaining manufactured homes and other lower -cost housing types to provide affordable housing. Goal H-5. Foster access to quality housing for low income, differently abled, impaired and senior residents. Policy H-5.1 Seek to identify and utilize State and Federal housing resources to assist in providing adequate housing opportunities for low income, disabled, or senior residents. Support the efforts of public and private non-profit agencies that develop assisted housing and/ or housing -related human services, such as services enabling residents to remain in their homes or neighborhoods. Policy H-5.2 Support co living, co -housing, micro housing and other types of shared housing arrangements to make housing affordable for seniors, recent graduates, students, and young adults. a Policy H-5.3 Partner with non-profit organizations and agencies that specialize in managing shared 0 housing arrangements and other services. .N Goal H-6. Avoid actions that result in the displacement of existing residents, particularly low-income and marginalized communities. o' Policy H-6.1 Explore policies and programs to help support renters at risk of displacement. E Policy H-6.2 Encourage shared housing arrangements to provide affordable housing options, prevent a displacement and offer mental health benefits by alleviating loneliness, particularly among seniors living in isolation. Policy H-6.3 Partner with nonprofit organizations or local housing authority such as Housing Authority of Snohomish County (HASCO) to create a centralized matching service that connects individuals seeking housing with homeowners or tenants who have available rooms. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 53 7.A.b Goal H-7. Work towards eliminating racial inequity in housing distribution. Policy H-7.1 Engage and partner with communities most disproportionately impacted by housing challenges in the decision -making process to shape/inform strategies, actions, regulations, and resource allocation that address and mitigate their housing -related issues. Goal H-8. Evaluate, leverage and implement housing financing opportunities. Policy H-8.1 Through the Multifamily Tax Exemption (MFTE) program, support the development of affordable housing while ensuring long-term sustainability. Consider adjusting the eligibility criteria, tax benefit periods, and affordability requirements to reflect current housing market conditions and community needs such as family -oriented housing options. Policy H-8.2 Explore options for an inclusionary zoning program that provides developers with the flexibility to either incorporate affordable housing units within their projects or contribute to a housing fund. Policy H-8.3 Per RCW 82.14.540, use the City of Edmonds' share of the existing state sales tax that is reserved for affordable housing to: • Provide short-term rental assistance to low-income households in Edmonds. • Contribute to a regional organization, which could be the County, the Alliance for Housing Affordability (AHA), or a partnership of cities in southwest Snohomish County to support long term goals of providing affordable housing in the sub -region. • Support public private partnerships to develop affordable housing. Supportive Housing Assisted Housing Availability N HUD -assisted developments provide units for low-income, senior residents within the City of Edmonds. 0 The Housing Authority of Snohomish County is also authorized to operate units within the city but MI 0 mostly administers Section 8 rent supplement certificates and vouchers within the city. In addition, various adult family homes provide shelter for residents with special needs. E Goal H-9. Encourage stable housing and wraparound services to individuals w a experiencing housing insecurity or at risk of becoming unhoused. Policy H-9.1 Support county and nonprofit efforts to provide stable housing to individuals experiencing housing insecurity or at risk of becoming unhoused. Policy H-9.2 Support development of low-income (subsidized), low -barrier, permanent supportive housing. Policy H-9.3 Explore opportunities for small scale housing types, such as micro -housing (shared kitchen and restrooms) 76 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 54 7.A.b Policy H-9.4 Work with faith -based organizations that are interested in adding single -person shelters, overnight shelters, and temporary small houses on property owned or controlled by a religious organization. Policy H-9.5 Allow transitional housing and permanent supportive housing in any zones that allow residential dwelling units or hotels (RCW 35.21.683 and RCW 35A.21.430). Policy H-9.6 Allow emergency shelters and emergency housing in any zones that allow hotels. Policy H-9.7 Allow permanent supportive housing in areas where multifamily housing is permitted (RCW 35.21.689 and RCW 35A.21.305). Policy H-9.8 Exempt emergency housing from impact fees (RCW 82.02.090). Regulatory Framework Goal H-10. Remove barriers and implement supportive development regulations. Policy H-10.1 Provide options for lot combination, lot -line adjustment, and subdivisions to accommodate a modest amount of additional housing and consider adjusting lot coverage requirements to enable ADU and middle housing typologies per state legislation. Policy H-10.2 Encourage design that requires varied and articulated roof lines in developments, preventing the construction of large, monolithic structures with single, unbroken roof lines Policy H-10.3 Explore options for Planned Residential Development provisions in mixed -use zones to achieve site -specific flexibility. Policy H-10.4 Consider options to reduce off-street parking requirements that impact housing affordability. Policy H-10.5 Consider adjusting permit fees, impact fees, and utility connection fees if they become barriers to the development of affordable housing. Identify modifications needed to reduce or avoid impediment to meeting the City's housing target. Policy H-10.6 Explore allowing shared use covenants for open spaces, enabling neighboring residential units to access and utilize these areas for recreational and communal activities. Policy H-10.7 Encourage agreements between the city, homeowners' associations, and neighboring units for the shared maintenance and stewardship of park spaces Establish an educational/awareness program that informs applicants about retrofitting opportunities and the benefits of incorporating retrofitting measures into new constructions. This program may include workshops, informational materials, and one-on-one consultations to guide applicants through the process. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 55 7.A.b Goal H-11. Provide predictability, effectiveness, and efficiency in government permitting processes and regulatory systems to support housing development. Policy H-11.1 Implement clear, efficient, and standardized administrative procedures. Policy H-11.2 Conduct periodic reviews of the permitting process to identify inefficiencies and opportunities for improvement. Policy H-11.3 Explore opportunities to collaborate with neighboring jurisdictions to be consistent with regulations and processes where feasible. Adapting to Climate Change Energy used in buildings is the largest source of local greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Edmonds. Residential buildings emit roughly twice the quantity of GHGs than commercial and industrial buildings Energy consumption in buildings could be cut by about 30-50% through investment in energy efficiency. Low-income urban households have an energy burden in the proportion of income spent on energy, which is three times higher than that of higher income households. Improved energy efficiency can lower living costs and improve the quality of housing, while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By supporting weatherization, the city of Edmonds helps increase energy efficiency of homes while reducing cost burden on vulnerable populations and preserving housing likely to be more affordable. Goal H-12. Continue to advance building sustainability through regulations and incentives. Policy H-12.1 Explore regulations for transitioning to clean energy and moving away from fossil fuels for new developments and redevelopments. __ .N Policy H-12.2 Encourage green building practices with appropriate incentives and technical assistance. 0 I Policy H-12.3 Seek funding from state and federal grants, utility programs, and private sector partners c to support sustainable development. as E r w a 78 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 56 7.A.b Potential Action Items The following list outlines potential action items that can be further explored to guide implementation efforts, considering the city's priorities, available resources, and other critical factors. Any such action that is selected will be designed to support the City's long-term vision while ensuring compliance with the Growth Management Act (GMA). • Develop a "Housing Action Plan" every 5 years including assessments of housing supply relative to vulnerable populations' needs, in partnership with key stakeholders, such as Affordable Housing Alliance. Establish local housing funds for relocation and eviction and/or foreclosure assistance, such as a; LU counseling services to educate tenants about their rights and directing residents to resources that may be available. Conduct Racially Disparate Impacts Analysis every five years to ensure residential development FJ helps meet Edmonds' housing affordability targets. Establish a vacancy audit and reporting mechanism requiring property owners to report vacant units, o with particular attention to ensuring that MFTE units are not left unoccupied. _ ai Conduct a periodic review of the MFTE program to assess its effectiveness, including an analysis of occupancy rates, demographic reach, and community feedback. M Identify opportunities for shared parking lots that provide a net reduction in parking spaces while J _ still reasonably meeting parking demand. Opportunities could include a shared parking system or a parking districts. Develop pre -approved plans for ADU's for faster permitting. _ as Publish performance metrics and timelines for the permitting process L a Establish monitoring programs for permitting and regulatory processes to ensure that they promote c housing opportunities and avoid, to the extent possible, adding to the cost of housing U Define key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure the success of the Green Building program, c such as the number of projects incentivized, energy savings achieved, and/or reductions in c greenhouse gas emissions. =i M O C d E L t) f4 r r.+ Q EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 57 1 Guiding Princinle: "Edmonds is committed to strengthen our resilience to climate change while balancing growth and protecting and expanding our environmental assets. It will prioritiz, creating sustainable, and low -carbon Edmonds that can enhance quality of life for residents" 7.A.c 96 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 59 7.A.c Introduction The Climate element provides a vision, goals, and policies that respond to new legislation that requires a climate change element (HB 1181) as part of a comprehensive plan. Climate elements must maximize economic, environmental, and social co -benefits and prioritize environmental justice to avoid worsening environmental health disparities. The element must include: • Resilience Sub -element that addresses adaptation to hazards exacerbated by climate change. • Mitigation Sub -element that identifies goals and policies addressing greenhouse gas emissions reductions The Climate Element addresses strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change. It includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions through sustainable practices, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting renewable energy sources. The element emphasizes climate adaptation measures, such as protecting against sea level rise, mitigating the urban heat island effect, and improving stormwater management. It also focuses on preserving natural resources and critical areas, expanding green infrastructure, and increasing urban tree canopy. Public education and community engagement are key components, aiming to foster a resilient and sustainable city capable of withstanding climate impacts. The City of Edmonds is currently developing this element and requires more detailed analysis to ensure complete compliance. EVERYONE'S EDM Packet Pg. 60 7.A.c City of Edmonds- Regional leader in environmental stewardship The City of Edmonds recognizes that global climate change brings significant risks to our community as a shoreline city. At the same time, the City understands that we have a responsibility to play a leadership role both within our own community as well as the larger Puget Sound region. Recognizing the importance of addressing the issues surrounding the environment and climate change, in September 2006, the City of Edmonds formally expressed support for the Kyoto Protocol and adopted the U.S. Mayors Climate Protection Agreement by Resolution No. 1129, and joined the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) by Resolution No. 1130. Scientific evidence and consensus continue to strengthen the idea that climate change is an urgent threat to the environmental and economic health of our communities. Many cities, in this country and abroad, already have strong local policies and programs in place to reduce global warming pollution, but more action is needed at the local, state, and federal levels to meet the challenge. On February 16, 2005 the Kyoto Protocol, the international agreement to address climate change, became law for the 141 countries that have ratified it to date. On that day, Seattle Mayor Greg Nickels launched an initiative to advance the goals of the Kyoto Protocol through leadership and action by at least 141 American cities. The City of Edmonds has formally approved the U.S. Mayors Climate Protection Agreement which was endorsed by the 73rd Annual U.S. Conference of Mayors meeting, Chicago, 2005. Under the Agreement, participating cities committed to take three sets of actions: Urge the federal government and state governments to enact policies and programs to meet or beat the target of reducing global warming pollution levels to 7 percent below 1990 levels by 2012. • Urge the U.S. Congress to pass bipartisan greenhouse gas reduction legislation that 1) includes clear timetables and emissions limits and 2) a flexible, market -based system of tradable allowances among emitting industries • Strive to meet or exceed Kyoto Protocol targets for reducing global warming pollution by taking actions in our own operations and community. average annual temperatures increase by j 4.2°F to 5.5°F by 2100 38%-46% less snowoac in the Cascades by 2050 �'likelihoodofa 2_5 foot rise in sea level in Edmonds by 2100 Figure 5.2 Regional and local climate change projections. (Source: Edmonds Climate Action Plan) 98 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 61 7.A.c Edmonds Climate Action Plan (CAP) The Climate Action Plan (CAP) was first published in 2010 to set goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). In 2023 the CAP was updated to redefine climate action goals to meet targets that had not been met by the Edmonds community. The CPA provides steps for the City, individuals and businesses to work towards being carbon neutral by 2050 and identifies actions through 2035. The interconnection of equity and climate action is integrated throughout the plan, with Frontline communities identified as leaders for reducing consumption, and as those facing the biggest threats related to climate change. The CAP discusses the inevitability of impacts from climate change and identifies steps to prepare and respond to those impacts. The Comprehensive Plan has integrated the Strategies and Actions provided in the plan, along with the overall approach to Climate Equity. CAP sets goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). In 2023 the CAP was updated to provide steps for the City, individuals and businesses to work towards carbon neutrality by 2050. It identifies actions through 2035. The CAP discusses impacts from climate change and identifies steps to prepare and respond to those impacts. The history of inequity in climate action provides context for CAP recommendations, as environmental crises disproportionately impact vulnerable populations. Climate Resilience: The ongoing process of anticipating, preparing for, and adapting to changes in climate; minimizing negative impacts to our natural systems, infrastructure, and communities Mitigation: Actions taken to reduce or eliminate the emissions of greenhouse gases (present and future) to reduce the rate and extent of climate change damage It may also be referred to as greenhouse gas emissions GHG reduction. Climate Equity. Recognition that the impacts of climate change are felt by the most vulnerable populations. A climate equity approach not only enhances ecosystem services but also contributes to building resilience in these vulnerable communities, prioritizing those areas that already lack infrastructure to mitigate surface runoff, lack tree canopy or shade or cooling, or other impacts. EVERYONE'S EDM Packet Pg. 62 7.A.c Climate Equity The City of Edmonds is committed to embedding climate equity at the forefront of development projects and city -funded capital projects. This means proactively addressing the disproportionate impacts of climate change on vulnerable populations, including low-income communities, communities of color, and other marginalized groups. The CAP discusses the interconnection between equity and climate action and the benefits of integrating the two in strategic planning. The history of inequity in climate action provides context for key recommendations, highlighting Frontline communities as key demographics to consider. Environmental justice, climate change, and equity are deeply interconnected, with geographic and socioeconomic factors creating distinct exposures and outcomes. For instance, the Bowl area benefits from cooler temperatures during heatwaves due to its proximity to Puget Sound, while communities along the Highway 99 Corridor face higher environmental health risks. The unique contexts and frontline communities that exist within Edmonds need to be considered in the assessment and prioritization of climate change resources. Elderly Non -English Speakers 65 yours rind older Health k Population Renters Experiencing ' Homelessness0 Poverty I ��► • Median Age � Educational • V Attainment toi ,r­data AC W195my Dal Go+lmnilul S«.+i indlblMh S..YkK ?070 Cm:v1 Pwkfin narylPl 941711 Figure 5.1 Frontline Communities in Edmonds (Source CAP Document) The City of Edmonds is home to frontline communities including the elderly, BIPOC, non-English speakers, those with no health care coverage, renters, persons below the poverty line, those experiencing homelessness, and those without a bachelor's degree or higher, among others. Goal CCA Provide information and opportunities for Edmonds residents to learn more about the climate crisis and take action. Policy CC-1.1 Partner with environmental organizations to leverage their expertise. Policy CC-1.2 Encourage access to healthcare services in underserved areas, particularly those disproportionately affected by climate change, to address both immediate and long-term health risks. Goal CC-2.Seek to alleviate environmental and health disparities on vulnerable populations resulting from climate change Policy CC-2.1 Encourage public health systems to anticipate and respond to emerging climate -related health threats, including the integration of climate considerations into disease surveillance, emergency response, and health education programs. Policy CC-2.2 Support programs to ensure that all residents, regardless of race, social, or economic status, have clean air, clean water, and other elements of a healthy environment. 100 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 63 7.A.c Climate Resilience Sub Element Develop, implement and monitor climate resilience strategies responsive to the impacts of climate change and support public health and safety, the economy, public and private infrastructure, water resources, and habitat. Snohomish County 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) The City of Edmonds adopted the HMP which was developed in cooperation with other jurisdictions in Snohomish County. HMP identifies resources, information, and strategies for reducing risk from natura hazards. The plan guides and coordinates mitigation activities throughout Snohomish County. Integration of Climate Adaptation and Hazard Mitigation: This approach recognizes the interconnectedness between climate change impacts, such as extreme weather events, sea -level rise, and heatwaves, and existing vulnerabilities to natural hazards, such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires. They both require deliberative long-term actions in the built and natural environments to reduce harm resulting from hazards. Both frameworks center around vulnerability and risk assessment as the fundamental analyses, making them highly comparable in structure and approach. By integrating climate adaptation and hazard mitigation efforts, communities can: • Recognize and address the compounding risks posed by climate change and natural hazard • Identify opportunities to implement measures that provide multiple benefits • Build resilience by incorporating adaptive strategies into hazard mitigation plans, • Integrate climate projections and future risk assessments into hazard mitigation planning processes to ensure that mitigation measures are robust and effective in the face of changing climate conditions. • Identify opportunities to leverage funding and resources from multiple sources Goal CC-3. Fulfill requirements of HB 1181 for addressing climate change. Policy CC-3.1 Conduct a climate change risk assessment and impact analysis, consistent with state guidance. Policy CC-3.2 Broadly engage the public, including through equitable public outreach processes and best practices for addressing climate issues. Policy CC-3.3 Consider strategies that coordinate with with the Snohomish County Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) and Shoreline Master Program. The strategies may include: • "Extreme Heat Response Plan", such ascreating a network of emergency cooling centers to be available during extreme heat events. • "Floodplain Management Plan", such as updating development regulations for high -risk zones and green storm infrastructure. • "Wildfires Prevention Plan", such as for fuel management and fire-resistant landscaping. EVERYONE'S EDM Packet Pg. 64 7.A.c Goal CCASeek to reduce community exposure to extreme heat, precipitation, smoke, sea -level rise, and other climate -exacerbated events Policy CC-4.1 Address the impacts of sea level rise by developing and implementing a comprehensive adaptation plan that protects Edmonds' coastal areas, infrastructure, and communities. Policy CC-4.2 Seek funding sources, including grants, state and federal funding, and public -private partnerships for sea level rise adaptation projects such as the Edmonds Marsh Estuary restoration project, Willow Creek Daylighting project or others, as appropriate Policy CC-4.3 Enhance emergency preparedness, response, and recovery efforts to mitigate risks and impacts associated with extreme weather and other hazards worsened by climate change. Policy CC-4.4The City of Edmonds should communicate with, and support climate resilience planning efforts of, other districts and county programs, such as the Snohomish County Hazard Mitigation Plan process, the Snohomish Health District, the Port District, the Alderwood Water Wastewater District, the Snohomish County Public Utility District, and others. GHG Emissions Reduction Sub -element Edmonds Climate Action Plan's GHG inventory and analysis aligns with Pathway 3 of the GHG Emissions Reduction Sub -Element analysis as outlined in Section 4.3 of Climate Element Planning Guidance published by WA State Department of Commerce. Pathway 3 leads to developing GHG reduction goals and policies based on emissions inventory modeling results. However, per the guidance document, Edmonds should use 2022 as their emissions baseline year and set incremental targets that lead to achieving net zero emissions in 2050, consistent with Washington's statewide targets. The current CAP has 2017 as the baseline year. Commerce also recommends that the emissions inventory be updated every five years to evaluate progress toward your GHG reduction goals and targets. a� Since 2008, the City has launched numerous initiatives aimed at creating energy -efficient and sustainable public facilities. L) • Completed an energy audit of major City buildings and facilities to identify opportunities for improved c efficiency. m • Reduced electrical usage at the library by approximately 45% after completing a capital improvement project. E • Upgraded the wastewater treatment plant with new technology that reduced electrical consumption by 19% w and fuel oil consumption by 44%, a reduction of 221 MT CO2e annually. a • Upgraded energy efficiency of City facilities, including interior lighting, insulation, and 10kW of community solar at the Anderson Center; insulated glazing at City Hall; and high efficiency boiler and hot water tank at the Public Safety building. • Worked with PUD to replace 1600 streetlights with energy -efficient LED fixtures. • Installed a 100-kilowatt project on Edmonds' public safety building in 2022 using WA state grant 102 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 65 7.A.c Goal CC-5. Promote green building practices and embrace renewable energy sources to reduce carbon emissions Policy CC-5.1 Strengthen energy efficiency codes, consistent with best practices. Efficiency First bill, requires owners of large buildings (commercial and multifamily Policy CC-5.2 Support programs and incentives buildings over a size threshold) to that encourage existing land use, benchmark their building's energy usage buildings, and infrastructure to reduce their and report it to the State of Washington. The carbon footprint. Encourage or incentivize state will then publish this data online so that new developments to use low emission owners can see how each building compares construction practices, low or zero net to its peers. lifetime energy requirements and "green" building techniques Policy CC-5.3 Encourage electric heat pumps and consider limiting the use of natural gas in new commercial and residential construction Policy CC-5.4 Partner with Puget Sound Energy and other organizations with the goals to identify and select appropriate and cost-effective energy improvements. Policy CC-5.5 Explore financial assistance programs such as low interest loans or grants for installation of solar energy projects and energy efficient equipment for affordable housing projects, including residences and community facilities. Policy CC-5.6 Remove barriers for installing residential and small business renewable energy systems, as well as community solar (streamline permitting, lower fees, etc.) Goal CC-6.Reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by promoting active transportation and mobility by all modes to achieve greenhouse gas reduction goals. Policy CC-6.1 Prioritize multimodal investments where needed in neighborhood centers and hubs and the activity centers Policy CC-6.2 Continue to promote active transportation to reduce VMTs through: Encourage development in centers and hubs to support a sustainable land use framework Support transit capital improvement in partnership with Community Transit to improve transit stops that serve centers and hubs. TDM strategies that are meant to reduce congestion, ease traffic, and improve the range of transportation options by E encouraging carpooling, biking, public L) LO transit, or Telecommuting. c Policy CC-6.3 Establish guidelines for the installation of EV charging stations in the public Right -of - Way (ROW) while balancing the competing demands for curb space, including the needs of pedestrians, cyclists, public transit, and other users. Policy CC-6.4 Explore and expand practical options for transitioning more of the municipal fleet to electric vehicles to maximize climate benefits and cost savings. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 66 7.A.c Goal CC-7. Reduce material consumption, waste generation, and resource depletion Policy CC-7.1 Promote zero -waste programs and educational initiatives to "reduce, re -use, and recycle" Policy CC-7.2 Promote local farmers' markets at activity centers (including proposed Neighborhood Centers and Hubs) throughout the city. Policy CC-7.3 Ensure that the City sets an example by promoting sustainable practices when organizing events, with a focus on reducing waste in materials, food, and other resources. Implementation Actions Performance Measures Goal CC-8. Develop a set of climate metrics that can be tracked, assessed and reported on by the City on an on -going basis. Policy CC-8.1 Create an interactive dashboard that can display tracked information and reporting from the monitoring program. Policy CC-8.2 Climate Action Plan (CAP) should be updated every five years to be in compliance with HB 1181 and Commerce's GHG Emissions Reduction sub -element requirements. Policy CC-8.3 Set aside funding for regular updates to the inventory analyzed in CAP. Policy CC-8.4 Plan for data collection, target setting, progress reporting and adjustments to program needs. Policy CC-8.5 Continue to inventory and monitor both public facility, and community greenhouse gas emissions targets as designated in the 2023 CAP. Goal CC-9. Consider long-range, strategic, and short-term planning and decision - making in making progress toward community sustainability. E Policy CC-9.1 Develop benchmarks and indicators to measure progress toward sustainability goals. v They should be both understandable and obtainable so that they can be easily explained and LO CD used. Policy CC-9.2 Schedule planning and budgeting decision processes to form a logical and linked E progression so that each process builds on and informs related decisions. w Policy CC-9.3 Long-range, strategic, and short-term planning should acknowledge the other time a frames, decisions, and resources involved. For example, short-term budgetary and regulatory decisions should be designed to effect strategic and long-term goals. 104 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 67 7.A.c Potential Action Items The following list outlines potential action items that can be further explored to guide implementation efforts, considering the city's priorities, available resources, and other critical factors. Any such action that is selected will be designed to support the City's long-term vision while ensuring compliance with the Growth Management Act (GMA). • Allocate resources to enhance climate literacy for the community with emphasis on educating community leaders, youth, and organizations by facilitating regular workshops and seminars on climate • Create a centralized resource providing information and updates • Conduct regular climate risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities, inform housing resilience strategies, and make relevant updates to the building codes • Establish advisory boards such as Climate Champions with representatives from vulnerable communities to guide program development and implementation • Conduct thorough climate equity assessments to evaluate how proposed city funded capital projects may affect vulnerable populations, with a focus on reducing disparities in climate resilience and access to resources • Conduct Health Impact Assessments (HIA) for large-scale projects to evaluate and address M potential health impacts on vulnerable populations and neighborhoods. Define threshold criteria for = determining which projects require an HIA based on factors such as project size and type, potential a health impacts, and the characteristics of the affected populations • Expand responsibilities of the existing Climate Protection Committee to act as the Climate Policy Advisory Team as defined in Section 2.1 of the guidance document L • Develop a climate change risk assessment and impact analysis for city government facilities and a E operations • Develop a climate risk assessment and impact analysis for the Edmonds community. Consider the potential impacts to economic, land use, and other community patterns due to the short- and E long-term risks associated with climate change using tools specified in Section 3.1 of the guidance 51 document o • Undertake a Climate Equity Strategic Plan that identifies issues, and targets actions that address climate equity. Include planning tools appropriate to both public and private participants. The following activities should be part of the plan: w • Utilize Edmonds Equitable Engagement Framework to inform equitable public outreach processes a and best practices. Incorporate surveys and other forms of data collection to find populations needing support. Engage with advocacy groups and elevate local needs and priorities. • Assess the effects of climate risk on vulnerable populations, e.g. seniors, and those on fixed incomes. • Develop recommendations for community programs responsive to findings. Coordinate with, and leverage state and regional goals and initiatives. Implement a monitoring schedule: Align the periodic assessment with scheduled updates to vulnerability analysis for regular evaluation and timely update of strategies and actions. EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 68 7.A.c Undertake a policy review of City comprehensive, strategic, and specific plans to ensure that City policies are appropriately targeted to prepare for and mitigate potential impacts of climate change. • The reviews may be done to correspond with scheduled plan updates or accelerated where either a higher priority is identified, or the next update is not specifically scheduled • Develop and implement robust development standards that are adaptable to the impacts of climate change, enhancing the resilience of the city's infrastructure, buildings, and communities • Update building codes to incorporate climate -resilient materials and construction practices that can withstand extreme weather events such as heatwaves, floods, and storms • Update land use plans for climate adaptation and resilience based on the strategies identified within climate change risk assessment and impact analysis to address sea level rise, flooding, wildfire, extreme heat, and other hazards Implement urban cooling strategies such as increasing green spaces, greater tree canopy, E opportunities for water -based recreation, installing cool roofs and pavements, (Refer UDF goals in w Community Design Element)? Develop and implement policies to enhance carbon sequestration through natural and engineered E solutions, contributing to the city's climate goals and improving environmental health Conduct a detailed vulnerability assessment of coastal areas, identifying critical infrastructure, E- properties, and natural habitats at risk from sea level rise Establish and maintain monitoring systems to track sea level changes and the effectiveness of v adaptation measures over time Conduct an economic impacts analysis of sea level rise and the costs and benefits of different M adaptation strategies r_ Regularly update and implement the City's Emergency Management Plan (EMP) including a. identification of multimodal emergency and evacuation routes. a� '- .y Include measures to ensure resilience of local energy supply at City operated mass care facilities, such as solar power and battery storage, in the event of electrical outages due to extreme weather or a fires c Conduct community drills and education programs to ensure residents are informed and prepared v Support local schools in integrating climate and sustainability education into curriculum m Explore carbon credits on the voluntary carbon market as a funding source for energy improvement 5 programs/incentives for small businesses o Pursue the use of transportation demand management (TDM) strategies as a means of reducing traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions. E • Operationalizing complete street approach c� • Explore a market -based vehicle, bike and scooter share program in Edmonds. a Promote the use of electric vehicles (EVs) by expanding charging infrastructure especially within City owned facilities including parks Partner with utility companies to create favorable EV charging rates and infrastructure development programs 106 CITY OF EDMONDS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN I DRAFT OCTOBER 2024 Packet Pg. 69 7.A.c • Establish a monitoring program which should include measures that: • Enable a comparison between measurement periods • Measure progress toward greenhouse gas reduction goals • Identify opportunities and obstacles for meeting greenhouse gas emission targets • Evaluate the effectiveness to achieve these goals. • Develop benchmarks and indicators to measure progress toward sustainability goals. They should be both understandable and obtainable so that they can be easily explained and used Draft Performance Metrics Number of New Residential and Commercial Solar Photovoltaic Systems Installed = New developments use low emission construction practices. Percent of New Residential and Commercial Development LEED-Certified or 0 meeting Net -Zero Carbon Emissions = Percent of Existing Residential and Commercial Area Retrofitted m Residential units developed in neighborhood centers and hubs M M J Percent of workforce commuting by transit = Vehicle miles travelled (VMT) are reduced a Percent of workforce commuting on foot or by bicycle a) Percent of Workers Carpooling and Ridesharing = m t Promoting low -carbon vehicles Number of electric vehicles registered in Edmonds a E Tree canopy contributes to carbon Number of Trees Planted in Edmonds 0 U sequestration efforts. �a E Material consumption and waste V� Reduction in Solid Waste Taken to Landfill LO generation is reduced. o EVERYONE'S EDMO Packet Pg. 70 9.A Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 10/17/2024 Extended Agenda Staff Lead: Michael Clugston Department: Planning Division Prepared By: Michael Clugston Background/History N/A Staff Recommendation Discuss the attached extended agenda. Narrative There are no changes for the meetings through November. Attachments: October 17 Extended Agenda Packet Pg. 71 9.A.a Planning Board Extended Agenda - October 17, 2024 N rl tD (V O -1 (V Q l0 Q ci Q O N Q 00 (V Q n rl rl Q n u1 N Ql U O M N O Z M -1 O Z u1 (V O Z n N N -1 -1 - tD rl N � u1 rq o N \ a --I ro N (V a 00 N N -1 tD N L � N -1 � tD (V Q Q N Q Q M (V > n3 rl > 00 (V C �--i -1 C L 1 (V Ql M (V Q cv� rl Q n (V Comprehensive Plan Transportation D/R D/R Land Use D/R D/R D/R Housing D/R D/R D/R Waterfront Vision - Preliminary Concept B Draft Comp Plan Element Review D/R D/R Draft Perferred Alternative Recommendation D/R Future Land Use Map Review D/R Discussion about Final Draft Recommendation D/R Wrap up and issue Final Draft Recommendation D/R Code Updates Green Building Incentives PH D/R Climate Legislative Package I PH D/R Land use permit timelines (SB 5290 - end 2024) R PH Middle Housing (HB 1110 - mid 2025) 1 D/R D/R PH D/R Design standards and processes (HB 1293 - mid 2025), including multfamily design standards I D/R D/R PH D/R CAO Update (RCW 36.70A.130 - end 2025) 1 Tree Code Update Long Range Capital Improvement Program/Capital Facilties Plan I PH Tree Canopy Policy D/R Administrative Site specific rezone request PH Election of Officers I Planning & Development Annual Work Plan B Annual Retreat (start at 6) I Planning Board report to City Council I B Possible Park Renaming I Parks, Recreation & Human Services Reportl I R I B KEY I- Introduction & Discussion PH- Public Hearing D/R- Discussion/Recommendation B- Briefing/Q&A R- Report with no briefing/presentation Regular meeting cancelled Future Items Neighborhood Center/Hub Plans Code Modernization Projects: 1. Unified Development Code (late 2025 - 2026) Comp Plan Implementation Highway 99 Community Renewal Program Special Meetings/Presentations October 17 & 30, November 25, and December 16 are special meetings January 28, 2025 is a presentation to Council Q Packet Pg. 72