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REVIEWED PLN BLD2023-1134+Geotechnical_Report+9.8.2023_3.09.41_PM+3773001Geotechnical Report Meadowdale Beach RECEIVED Park and Estuary Restoration Sep 08 2023 BLD2023-1134 Snohomish County, Washington CITY OF EDMONDS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT February 16, 2018 -------------- Reviewed by City of Edmonds ; Planning Division =-------------- GEOTEONNICAI AN13 ENVINONMENTAI CONSUITANTS Excellence. Innovation. Service. Value. Since 1954. Submitted To: Snohomish County Parks & Recreation Attn: Ms. Logan Daniels, PE 6705 Puget Park Drive Snohomish, Washington 98296 By: Shannon & Wilson, Inc. 400 N 34t" Street, Suite 100 Seattle, Washington 98103 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. I 2.0 SITE AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION.................................................................................1 2.1 Meadowdale Beach Park............................................................................................1 2.2 Lund's Gulch..............................................................................................................2 2.3 Historic Meadowdale Country Club..........................................................................2 2.4 BNSF Railway Company (BNSF) Embankment.......................................................2 2.5 Proposed Estuary Restoration Project........................................................................3 4.0 SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION.........................................................................................3 4.1 Access Road Borings.................................................................................................4 4.2 Bridge Borings...........................................................................................................4 4.3 Infiltration Potential Hand Borings............................................................................4 4.4 Horizontal Embankment Boring................................................................................4 4.5 Test Pits......................................................................................................................5 5.0 LABORATORY TESTING...................................................................................................5 6.0 GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS.................................................................................................5 6.1 Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)...............................................................................6 6.1.1 Park Lawn Area Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Survey .........................6 6.1.2 BNSF Railway Company (BNSF) Embankment Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) Survey....................................................................................6 6.2 Electrical Resistivity Tomography(ERT)..................................................................7 7.0 GEOLOGY AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS...............................................................8 7.1 Regional Geology.......................................................................................................8 7.2 Geologic Setting.........................................................................................................8 7.3 Geologic Units and Generalized Subsurface Conditions...........................................9 7.3.1 Geologic Units.............................................................................................9 7.3.1.1 Fill (Hf).......................................................................................9 7.3.1.2 Alluvium/Colluvium (Ha/Hc)...................................................10 7.3.1.3 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf and Qpnl).......................................10 7.3.2 Subsurface Conditions...............................................................................11 7.3.2.1 Whidbey Formation Density.....................................................11 7.3.2.2 Railroad Embankment Fill........................................................11 7.3.2.3 Buried Manmade Debris...........................................................12 7.4 Groundwater.............................................................................................................12 21-1-22288-060-x i flwp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. Page 8.0 ENGINEERING CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS..................................13 8.1 Design Standards......................................................................................................13 8.2 Seismic Design.........................................................................................................13 8.2.1 Site Class....................................................................................................13 8.2.2 Railroad Bridge Seismic Design Parameters.............................................14 8.2.3 Pedestrian Bridge Seismic Design Parameters..........................................14 8.2.4 Liquefaction Potential................................................................................15 8.2.4.1 Railroad Bridge Liquefaction Potential....................................15 8.2.4.2 Pedestrian Bridge Liquefaction Potential..................................15 8.3 Railroad Bridge Design............................................................................................16 8.3.1 Driven Pile Foundations............................................................................16 8.3.2 Lateral Earth Pressures..............................................................................17 8.3.2.1 Railroad Bridge Temporary Shoring.........................................17 8.3.2.2 Temporary Shoring Wall Anticipated Movements ...................18 8.3.3 Bridge Abutments......................................................................................18 8.3.4 Permanent Slopes.......................................................................................19 8.3.5 Retaining Wall at Pedestrian Path..............................................................19 8.4 Pedestrian Bridge.....................................................................................................20 8.4.1 Bridge Abutment Foundations...................................................................20 8.4.2 Lateral Earth Pressure................................................................................21 8.4.2.1 Existing Condition Static.......................................................21 8.4.2.2 Existing Condition — Seismic....................................................22 8.4.2.1 Mitigated Condition Static.....................................................22 8.4.2.2 Mitigated Condition — Seismic.................................................23 8.4.3 Approach Fill Wingwalls...........................................................................23 8.4.4 Diamond Pier ® Boardwalk Foundations..................................................24 8.5 Lateral Pile Analysis................................................................................................24 8.6 Restroom Enclosure Foundations.............................................................................25 8.6.1 Bearing Capacity........................................................................................25 8.6.2 Slab-on-Grade............................................................................................26 8.7 Access Road Stability Improvements......................................................................26 8.7.1 Back-Calculation........................................................................................27 8.7.2 Anticipated Equipment Surcharge.............................................................28 8.7.2.1 Dump Truck Surcharge.............................................................28 8.7.2.2 Crawler Crane Surcharge..........................................................28 8.7.3 Proposed Access Road Stability Improvement..........................................28 8.8 Site Preparation........................................................................................................29 8.9 Compaction, Structural Fill Placement, and Use of On -site Soils ...........................30 9.0 CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS...........................................................................31 9.1 Temporary Excavation Slopes.................................................................................31 21-1-22288-060-x i f/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) SHANNON WLSON, INC. Page 9.2 Driven Piles..............................................................................................................32 9.2.1 General.......................................................................................................32 9.2.2 Obstructions...............................................................................................32 9.3 Construction Impacts to Railroad Tracks.................................................................32 9.4 Embankment Excavation and Shoring Monitoring..................................................32 9.5 Wet Weather Earthwork...........................................................................................33 9.6 Erosion Control........................................................................................................34 10.0 ADDITIONAL SERVICES.................................................................................................34 11.0 LIMITATIONS....................................................................................................................34 12.0 REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................37 TABLES 1 AREMA 2016/ASCE 7-10 Parameters for Seismic Design of Structures Site Class E 2 Recommended L-Pile Parameters FIGURES 1 Vicinity Map 2 Site and Exploration Plan 3 Test Pit Locations and GPR Results —Park Lawn Area 4 Generalized Subsurface Profile A -A' 5 Section View at Horizontal Boring Location 6 GPR Profiles with Horizontal Boring Location 7 Inverted Resistivity Profiles with Horizontal Boring Location 8 Estimated Axial Capacity — HP 14X89 Driven Pile — Boring MB-6 9 Estimated Axial Capacity — HP 14X89 Driven Pile — Boring MB-7 10 Recommended Lateral Earth Pressures for Temporary Walls 11 Recommended Surcharge Loading for Temporary and Permanent Walls 12 Estimated Axial Pile Resistance, 2-Inch-Diameter Pin Pile, Boring MB-8 13 Estimated Axial Pile Resistance, 4-Inch-Diameter Pin Pile, Boring MB-8 14 Estimated Axial Pile Resistance, 6-Inch-Diameter Pin Pile, Boring MB-8 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 111 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) APPENDICES A Subsurface Explorations B Geotechnical Laboratory Testing C Geophysical Surveys D Historical Research SHANNON WLSON, INC. E Important Information About Your Geotechnical/Environmental Report 21-1-22288-060-R1Fwp/]kn WFA 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON MLSON, INC. GEOTECHNICAL REPORT MEADOWDALE BEACH PARK AND ESTUARY RESTORATION SNOHOMISH COUNTY9 WASHINGTON 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report presents geotechnical engineering conclusions and recommendations for the proposed Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Project near Edmonds, Washington. The project location is shown in the Vicinity Map, Figure 1. This report includes a summary of surveys and explorations, subsurface conditions, and the results of engineering studies and analyses. Our scope of services consisted of site reconnaissance, two geophysical surveys, drilling and sampling ten borings, excavating five test pits, laboratory testing, geotechnical engineering studies, and preparation of this report. Our services were authorized via contract between Snohomish County and Shannon & Wilson, Inc., dated August 25, 2016, and via Task Assignment TA#3 issued through On -Call Contract OCC15/1-9(AN) between Snohomish County and Shannon & Wilson. Our services were provided in general accordance with our proposals dated July 25, 2016, and June 1, 2016 Per direction received during a May 16, 2017, phone conversation with Ms. Logan Daniels of Snohomish County Parks and Recreation, this report includes scope items identified in both the July 25, 2016, and June 1, 2016, proposals. Our July 25, 2016, scope of services includes several tasks associated with planning and designing a shoofly to bypass the construction site. During preliminary design review, BNSF Railway Company (BNSF) stated they would not allow a shoofly. Subsequent exploration and design efforts have excluded shoofly elements, and there are no discussion or recommendations regarding shoofly elements in this report. 2.0 SITE AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Meadowdale Beach Park Meadowdale Beach Park is located on the north boundary of Edmonds, Washington, as shown in the Vicinity Map, Figure 1. The southwestern portion of the site, approximately defined as the area west of where 691h Avenue West would intersect Lunds Gulch Creek, and south of where 1541h Street West would cross through the park, is within the Edmonds city limits. The park areas north and east of those approximate boundaries are in unincorporated Snohomish County. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON, INC. The park is accessible via a gated road (Figure 2), which extends north from 75th Place West. North of the park entrance gate, the road continues in a northern direction, paralleling Puget Sound shoreline and a west -facing coastal bluff for about 400 feet before turning sharply to the east and descending the north -facing slope of Lund's Gulch. At the toe of this steep hillside is a hairpin turn sharply to the west to a parking lot. The park ranger's residence and a grass -covered playfield with picnic shelters are located west of the parking lot. The western edge of the playfield is bounded by an approximately 10-foot-high BNSF embankment. 2.2 Lund's Gulch Meadowdale Beach Park occupies approximately the lower half of Lund's Gulch, which is an approximately 1.5-mile-long, west -northwest -oriented drainage from uplands to Puget Sound, through which Lund's Gulch Creek flows. Topographic relief is approximately 450 feet between the upland park entrance at the terminus of 162nd Place SW and the Puget Sound shoreline. Slope angles vary throughout Lund's Gulch, with localized areas of near -vertical bluffs and nearly horizontal creek banks. The majority of the slopes along the north and south valley walls are 3 Horizontal to 1 Vertical (3H:IV) or steeper and the valley bottom near the creek is flatter. The park is heavily vegetated with low brush, alder, and scattered conifers. Lund's Gulch Creek flows through a concrete box culvert under the BNSF embankment, across a sandy delta to Puget Sound. 2.3 Historic Meadowdale Country Club The project site was once owned by the Meadowdale Country Club, which constructed a clubhouse and other buildings, sports courts, and a swimming pool in the area now occupied by the grass playfield. The club closed in the late 1960s after repeated landslides damaged the access road. A landslide initiated from the southern access road in 1967 destroyed the clubhouse, according to resident Park Ranger, Doug Dailer (Pers. Comm., 2014). The clubhouse was destroyed by fire in 1970, and in 1971 Snohomish County Parks acquired the property for developing a park with beach access. Anecdotal accounts of early park development indicate the clubhouse and other structures were demolished and placed within the swimming pool then buried in place (Anchor, 2017). 2.4 BNSF Railway Company (BNSF) Embankment The western limit of the grassy playfield is bounded by the BNSF embankment, which separates the park area from the beach west of the embankment. The embankment is between about seven and ten feet tall, and is bounded north and south by the valley walls of Lunds Gulch. The east 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 2 SHANNON WALSON, INC. embankment slope is inclined at approximately 2H:IV, with railroad ballast covering the surface throughout the upper half, and vegetation covering the lower half. The west embankment slope is inclined at approximately 1.5H:1 V or steeper, with riprap covering the surface. Brush and trees are present along much of the riprap slope. 2.5 Proposed Estuary Restoration Project The proposed estuary restoration includes replacing the existing concrete culvert through the BNSF embankment with a multi -span bridge, and site grading to lower the ground surface elevation and reestablish estuary habitat within the western portion of the grassy playfield. It also includes construction of a new pedestrian bridge and construction of a new restroom enclosure. The pedestrian path will include a new, Americans with Disabilities Act -accessible route to the beach beneath the proposed bridge. 3.0 PREVIOUS STUDIES Shannon & Wilson previously produced the following reports for this project: Meadowdale Beach Park Geotechnical Feasibility Study, Geologic Assessment, and Sediment Loading (Shannon & Wilson, 2015). ■ Meadowdale Beach Park Feasibility Study, Preliminary Geotechnical Assessment Addendum (Shannon & Wilson, 2016). Meadowdale Beach Park Estuary Restoration Project, Geologically Hazardous Areas (Shannon & Wilson, 2017). 4.0 SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION The field exploration program consisted of separate mobilizations to support different geotechnical design elements. The exploration program consisted of drilling and sampling eleven borings and excavating and sampling five test pits. Project archaeologists were on site to observe soils in select explorations on the valley bottom. The soil borings were drilled during the following mobilizations: ■ The access road mobilization included five soil borings along the access road, ■ The bridge borings mobilization included two soil borings near the proposed railroad bridge abutments and one soil boring near the proposed pedestrian bridge, ■ Infiltration design borings included two shallow hand borings, 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON, INC. The embankment boring mobilization included one horizontal boring into the railroad fill, and ■ The test pit mobilization included five test pit excavations throughout the eastern portion of the grassy playfield. The locations of completed explorations are shown in Figures 2 and 3. Appendix A describes the field methods used to advance the borings and excavate the test pits. Logs of the borings and test pits are included in Appendix A. 4.1 Access Road Borings Cascade Drilling completed five soil borings along the access road, designated MB-1 through MB-5, from November 21 to 23, 2016. These borings ranged in depth from 40 to 60 feet. The purpose of the access road borings was to characterize roadway fill for use in stability analyses to evaluate the need for stability improvements under construction loading. 4.2 Bridge Borings Holt Services, Inc. (Holt) completed three soil borings, designated MB-6 through MB-8, between April I I and 21, 2017. Boring depths at MB-6 and MB-7, near the proposed railroad bridge abutments ranged from 120 to 130 feet. Holt drilled boring MB-8, near the proposed pedestrian bridge, to a depth of 25 feet. Project archeologists observed samples and cuttings from the start of drilling until glacially deposited soils were encountered in these borings. The purpose of the bridge borings was to characterize subsurface conditions for use in bridge foundation design. 4.3 Infiltration Potential Hand Borings Shannon & Wilson staff advanced two hand borings, designated HB-1 and HB-2, on March 16, 2017. Boring depths at HB-1 and HB-2, at the east end of the playfield and parking lot, respectively, ranged from 6 to 10 feet. Shannon & Wilson staff installed open standpipe piezometers in these borings to monitor groundwater levels. The purpose of the infiltration potential hand borings and subsequent groundwater level readings was to evaluate infiltration potential as part of on -site stormwater infiltration design. 4.4 Horizontal Embankment Boring Kulchin Foundation Drilling Company completed a single, approximately horizontal (5° declination), exploratory boring (Figure 5), at the approximate location shown in Figure 2, on June 12, 2017. The boring was advanced 37 feet though existing railroad embankment fill. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 4 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Project archeologists observed utility clearing excavation. The primary purpose of the horizontal embankment boring was to investigate the presence or absence of anomalies interpreted to be present based on geophysical surveys as described in Section 6.0. Anticipated potential anomalies included timber pile, boulders, buried timber bulkhead or rock seawall. The horizontal embankment boring also allowed us to characterize the embankment fill for evaluating pile driving conditions, shoring design, and embankment deconstruction planning. 4.5 Test Pits Clear Creek Contractors, Inc. completed five test pit excavations, designated TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, TP-B, and TP-RE-1, at the approximate locations shown in Figure 3, on July 20, 2017. Test Pit excavations ranged in depth from 6 to 10.5 feet in depth. Project archeologists were present to observe test pit excavations. The purpose of test pits TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, and TP-B was to evaluate the presence or absence, and nature of anomalies interpreted from the geophysical survey described in Section 6.0. Anticipated potential anomalies included concrete slabs, walls, other manmade structures, or construction debris. The purpose of test pit TP-RE-1 was to characterize subsurface conditions to support proposed restroom enclosure design. 5.0 LABORATORY TESTING We performed geotechnical laboratory testing on select samples retrieved from the explorations to evaluate index and engineering properties of the soil. Testing was performed in the Shannon & Wilson laboratory in Seattle, Washington, and included visual classification, water content, grain size analyses, and Atterberg limits. Soil testing was performed in general accordance with ASTM International (ASTM, 2014) standard test procedures. Detailed descriptions of testing methods and results are presented in Appendix B and shown graphically in the boring logs in Appendix A. 6.0 GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS Global Geophysics performed a geophysical survey throughout the lawn area between the Park Ranger's residence and the BNSF embankment, and another geophysical survey along the BNSF embankment. The geophysical survey throughout the lawn area occurred in two phases; the initial survey was completed on November 8, 2016, (Global Geophysics, 2016). The supplemental survey was completed on January 20, 2017, (Global Geophysics, 2017a). The geophysical survey along the BNSF embankment was completed on April 11 and 12, 2017, (Global Geophysics, 2017b). The geophysical survey transect locations are shown in Figures 2 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON, INC. and 3. Global Geophysics provided reports for each survey area, which describe the methods employed and present interpreted data plots (Appendix Q. 6.1 Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) The GPR method uses electromagnetic pulses, emitted by an antenna, to penetrate the subsurface soils. The electromagnetic pulses are reflected by objects or materials whose electrical properties are different from the surrounding soil. The reflected electromagnetic pulses are received by an antenna and recorded. The emitting and receiving antennae are housed within a single unit whose position is tracked as the data is being collected, such that GPR results can be located spatially within the survey area. GPR data is typically collected along linear transects which are closely spaced such that plotted output represents nearly complete coverage of the study area. 6.1.1 Park Lawn Area Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Survey The initial GPR survey utilized onboard global positioning system (GPS) methods to collect transect spatial data. Due to poor satellite visibility at the site, the accuracy of GPS position data was poor and the spatial component of the GPR data was deemed unreliable. A supplemental survey utilized conventional land surveying methods to measure and collect the transect alignments and endpoints as shown in Figure 2. The results of the supplemental GPR survey are shown in Figure 4. The purpose of the lawn area GPR survey was to identify anomalies along each transect, and locations where anomalies were concentrated or clustered. Anticipated potential anomalies included manmade features such as concrete slabs and walls, foundation elements, and demolition debris, as well as natural features such as cobbles, boulders, and logs, among others. As indicated in Figure 3, the supplemental GPR survey detected numerous anomalous features throughout the grassy park area, with apparent concentrations of anomalous features at several locations along the northern leg of the asphalt walk, within the grassy area and just north of the picnic area canopy. 6.1.2 BNSF Railway Company (BNSF) Embankment Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Survey We collected GPR data along four transects located along the top of the BNSF embankment and oriented approximately parallel to the rails (Figure 2). The purpose of the embankment GPR survey was to identify locations where anomalous conditions were present. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 6 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Anticipated potential anomalies included timber pile, boulders, buried timber bulkhead or rock seawall. As indicated in Figure 6, numerous anomalies were interpreted along each of the GPR transects. However, the interpreted anomalies appear to be intermittent, with concentrated anomalies at varying depths and locations along each of the transects, but no apparent locations or areas where anomalies were concentrated at the same depth and location along all four transects. In addition, interpreted anomalies do not appear to be uniformly spaced as would be expected if timber piling were present. The location of the horizontal boring is shown in Figure 6, based on field measurements transferred onto the profiles using the scaled distances included in the figure. 6.2 Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) The ERT geophysical method uses electrodes, which are driven into the ground to transmit electrical current at specified locations and measure voltage received at other locations: The measured apparent resistivity is representative of the electrical properties of the subsurface materials, which can vary due to soil type, water content, and pore water chemistry. Global Geophysics performed ERT surveys along transects two and four (Figures 2 and 7), located along the top of the BNSF embankment and oriented approximately parallel to the rails. The purpose of the ERT surveys was to identify locations along either transect where anomalous conditions were present. Anticipated potential anomalies included timber pile, boulders, buried timber bulkhead or rock seawall. The locations of the ERT transects are indicated in Figure 2, and a report describing the methods employed and interpreted data plots are presented in Appendix C. As indicated in Figure 7, interpreted subsurface conditions along each of the two transects were similar, with a zone of higher resistivity material near the top of the embankment, indicating gravel or coarser rock which would typically exhibit higher resistivity as described in Appendix C. The resistivity values grades to a zone of lower resistivity material between approximately the base of the embankment and about 10 feet below the base of the embankment, interpreted as beach sand with brine water. Beneath this zone, conditions then grade to a zone of higher resistivity material extending to the lower limit of interpreted data extending to about 40 feet beneath the top of the embankment. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 7 SHANNON WALSON, INC. The thickness of the higher resistivity material immediately below the ground surface is greater along Transect 4, located along the outboard embankment edge. Otherwise the interpreted conditions along the two transects are similar, with no concentrations of contrasting resistivity materials within broader zones of similar resistivity. The location of the horizontal boring is shown in Figure 7, based on field measurements transferred onto the profiles using the scaled distances included in the figure. 7.0 GEOLOGY AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS 7.1 Regional Geology The Puget Sound area was subjected to six or more major glacial events over the past 100,000 years, each depositing new sediment and partially eroding previous sediments. During the intervening periods when glacial ice was not present, stream processes, wave action, weathering, and landsliding eroded and reworked some of the glacially derived sediment, further complicating the geologic setting. During the most recent Vashon Stade of the Fraser Glaciation, the glacial ice is estimated to have been about 3,000 feet thick in the project area (Thorson, 1989). The weight of the glacial ice resulted in compaction and overconsolidation of the glacial and nonglacial sediments beneath the ice. As the Vashon ice retreated around 13,500 years ago, sand and gravel outwash and mixtures of sediments trapped in the ice were deposited. These recessional glacial deposits are overlain by softer and looser alluvial and colluvial deposits. Development and land use continues to modify the landscape in the Puget Sound. 7.2 Geologic Setting Lund's Gulch Creek flows through Lund's Gulch and Meadowdale Beach Park to Puget Sound. Lund's Gulch is a deeply incised valley in its upper reaches with a broader valley bottom in the lower approximately 1/2-mile, but also with steep side slopes. At its western terminus, Lund's Gulch Creek outlets through a concrete box culvert under the BNSF tracks across a sand and gravel delta to Puget Sound. The creek generally flows in a northerly direction through the delta as influenced by northward littoral drift, but periodically avulses and cuts a more direct westward channel through the delta to reach Puget Sound before migrating northward again. Lund's Gulch was carved through largely overconsolidated glacial and nonglacial sediments by glacial meltwater. After the Vashon ice retreated, the land was uncovered and the steep slopes along the sides of the meltwater channel became destabilized and slid or slumped into the valley 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 8 SHANNON WALSON, INC. (Applied Geotechnology Inc., 1986). Several of these glacial meltwater channels and slump benches can be seen with terrain or light detection and ranging imaging between Edmonds and Everett (Shannon & Wilson, 2015). These meltwater channels once carried a larger sediment load than they do today and stream processes were operating at a much larger scale than they are today. More recent landsliding has been documented in and around the project site. Several stream and culvert clogging events occurred during the winters of 1996/97 and 2007/08 according to Doug Dailer (Pers. Comm., 2014). More recent landslides and slumps were identified along the steep sides of the valley walls in the upper reaches of the ravine, contributing sediment to Lund's Gulch Creek (Shannon & Wilson, 2015). 7.3 Geologic Units and Generalized Subsurface Conditions Our interpretation of the subsurface conditions is based on geologic mapping by Minard (1983), previous studies by others, and information obtained from our subsurface explorations. The following sections describe the geologic units and generalized subsurface conditions encountered in the explorations and anticipated throughout the site. Refer to the exploration logs in Appendix A for detailed soil descriptions. 7.3.1 Geologic Units 7.3.1.1 Fill (Hf) Fill represents imported soil and other materials or otherwise modified land. Borings MB-3, MB-4, MB-7, HB-1, and HB-2 encountered fill in the upper approximately 5 to 12 feet. Fill at MB-3 and MB-4 consists of loose to medium dense, silty sand with gravel to poorly graded sand with silt. This fill is similar to the native material, but less dense and likely associated with road and shoulder fill. Fill observed in MB-7 consists of loose to medium dense silt; silty sand; and sand with gravel, organics, wood, and glass refuse in the upper 4.5 feet. Borings HB-1 and HB-2 encountered gravel to silty gravel with sand and cobbles in fill to about 6 feet deep. In some areas, fill may be indistinguishable from alluvium and colluvium. Test pits TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, and TP-RE-1 encountered construction debris within soil fill to their full depths, which ranged from about 4 to 10 feet. Test pit TP-RE-1 encountered fill in the upper foot. The fill material is loose to medium dense silty sand with gravel, similar to the native material encountered in borings MB-6, MB-7, and MB-8. 21-1-22288-060-R1Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 9 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 7.3.1.2 Alluvium/Colluvium (Ha/Hc) Alluvium and Colluvium is composed of sand and gravel with silt and clay pockets. These units are typically designated together and reflect a complex depositional environment in which sediments deposited by landslides of the valley walls (colluvium) were intermixed with alluvium and reworked by streams in the valley bottom. Explorations HB-1 and HB-2 encountered Ha that consists of silty sand with trace gravel and clay clasts to the bottom of the boreholes, 6 and 10 feet deep, respectively. Iron -oxide staining was encountered 1 foot from the bottom of each of these borings, indicating a fluctuating water level. Explorations MB-6, MB-7, and MB-8 encountered two layers of Ha/Hc. The upper layer consists of loose silt and sandy silt to loose, silty sand, sometimes interbedded or with pockets of gravel. The lower layer consists of medium dense to very dense sand and gravel layers in MB-6 and MB-7. The lower layer generally coarsened with depth in borings MB-6 and MB-7. In MB-8, the lower layer consists stiff, lean clay with sand, little gravel, and diamict texture. MB-8 encountered a possible slump block from the valley wall at about 15 feet that is similar to the Whidbey Formation found in the valley walls. This layer is designated as colluvium and Whidbey Formation as it is difficult to determine if the layer is a displaced block or undisturbed. Test Pit TP-RE-1 encountered colluvium between 1 and 6 feet below ground surface (bgs). The upper layer (1 to 3 feet bgs) consisted of silty sand with gravel and the lower (3 to 6 feet) consisted of poorly graded sand. Borings encountered various amounts of wood and organics throughout the Ha/Hc layers. The presence of coarse gravel or cobbles in MB-6 and MB-7 may have caused the blow counts to be artificially high. 7.3.1.3 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf and Qpnl) The Whidbey Formation represents sediment deposited on the land surface between glacial periods. These sediments were overridden by at least glacial advances and consolidated to a very dense or hard state. The Qpnf component of the Whidbey Formation represents sediments deposited in a fluvial environment and generally consists of very dense, fine silty sand with a few silt interbeds. Qpnf also contains trace gravel, silt and sand seams, and organics and fines are nonplastic to low plasticity. The Qpnl component of the Whidbey Formation represents sediments deposited in a lake environment. Qpnl consists of hard silt to sandy silt, with sand laminations. Fines in Qpnl have low plasticity or are nonplastic. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 10 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 7.3.2 Subsurface Conditions 7.3.2.1 Whidbey Formation Density Borings MB-1 through MB-5 encountered Whidbey Formation Qpnf and Qpnl. Sediments in the upper 20 feet in borings MB-3 through MB-5 were consistent with grain size and appearance of Qpnf and Qpnl sediments observed elsewhere, but had lower blow counts, registering as medium dense to dense instead of very dense. Stress relief within the valley walls as the ice retreated, as coastal bluff and Lunds Gulch formed, or more recent weathering may account for observed lower blow counts. Borings MB-6 and MB-7 encountered very dense Qpnf and Qpnl below 50 and 77 feet, respectively. Figure 4 presents a generalized subsurface profile A -A' near the proposed bridge abutments, as shown in Figure 2. 7.3.2.2 Railroad Embankment Fill The railroad embankment is composed of approximately 7 to 10 feet of fill. The embankment fill observed during drilling of the horizontal boring consisted of sand and gravel, as summarized in Figure 5. We observed slightly rough to rough drill action, with rig chatter and slowed drill advance rate, interpreted to represent the presence of coarse gravel or cobbles. We observed no wood fibers or freshly fractured rock chips in the drill cuttings, or drill action (e.g., drill advance rate becoming appreciably slower or stopping, operator applying obvious drill stem thrust, etc.) that would indicate objects such as timber pile or boulders were encountered during drilling. Additional information for the horizontal embankment boring is included in Appendix A. The railway embankment along the west park boundary was originally constructed as a single-track alignment around 1891 by the Great Northern Railway (a predecessor of BNSF), and the embankment was expanded to accommodate a second track starting in 1907 (Intlekofer, 1989). Additional historical documents provided by the Great Northern Railway Historical Society indicate the second main line through the project area had been completed by June of 1907, and is referred to as a "slope wall," whereas segments north and south of the project area were constructed as "sea wall," A historical cross section depicting seawall construction includes large diameter "face rock" along the outboard edge of the second main line for wave protection, and a timber bulkhead along the outboard edge of the original single-track embankment (Intlekofer, 1989), presumably for the same purpose, and presumably buried in -place. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 11 SHANNON WALSON, INC. We have found no record in historical documents of the original embankment composition, or of a trestle at the site, although trestles were commonly constructed for stream crossings during original railroad construction. There are several references to timber culvert at the site, and later references to concrete culvert replacement. We were provided a drawing that corresponds well with the location and physical dimensions of the existing concrete culvert. Based on our review of historical documents available to us, the railroad embankment does not appear to contain buried seawall structure (boulder -sized rock), or timber trestle. Information about the historical construction of the embankment is included in Appendix D. 7.3.2.3 Buried Manmade Debris The purpose of test pits TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, and TP-B was to evaluate the presence or absence, and nature of anomalies interpreted from the geophysical survey described in Section 6.0. Anticipated potential anomalies included concrete slabs, walls, or other manmade structures, as well as construction debris within the soil fill. The project team used the data presented in Figure 3 to select test pit locations. We encountered construction debris in TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, and TP-B. We terminated TP-3 excavation at 6.5 feet after encountering concrete debris too large for the excavator to remove. The general stratigraphy of test pits TP-1, TP-2, TP-3, and TP-B consisted of 1 to 2 feet of silty sand with gravel, with little to no construction debris, overlying similar soil with increasing concentration of concrete fragments (with and without rebar), wood construction debris, and metal fragments. The concentration of encountered debris generally increased with depth. Test pits TP-1, TP-2, and TP-B encountered horizontal concrete slabs at depths of approximately 4, 5, and 10 feet, respectively. The depth of the concrete slabs generally increased to the west. We did not encounter vertical concrete walls in any of the test pits. 7.4 Groundwater Groundwater was encountered at all explorations on the valley floor, including HB-1, HB-2, MB-6, MB-7, MB-8, TP-1, and TP-2. Borings HB-1 and HB-2 encountered shallow groundwater at about 0.5 foot and at the ground surface, respectively, while advancing these borings. Well readings taken three days after completing HB-1 and HB-2 indicated slightly lower water levels at 5.5 feet and 3 feet, elevations 33.5 and 27 feet, respectively. Iron -oxide staining in these borings indicates that groundwater levels fluctuate and may vary seasonally with precipitation. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 12 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Borings MB-6 and MB-7 encountered groundwater at 6 and 2 feet, at elevations 7 and 13 feet, respectively. Shannon & Wilson staff observed seepage onto the trail near MB-7, indicating shallow groundwater depths at this location. Groundwater levels at MB-6 and MB-7 may be influenced by tidal fluctuations. Boring MB-8 encountered groundwater at 5 feet, at elevation 19 feet, and is likely influenced by stream water levels. Test pits TP-2 and TP-3 encountered groundwater at 5 feet, at elevations 13 and, respectively. Test pit TP-RE-1 encountered groundwater at 3.0 feet, elevation 19. Test pit TP-B encountered groundwater at 6.2 feet, elevation 10.8 feet. No groundwater was encountered in TP-1. We anticipate groundwater levels fluctuate seasonally, with higher levels during the wet winter months anticipated to be at or near the current ground surface. 8.0 ENGINEERING CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1 Design Standards For design of the proposed railroad bridge, including temporary and permanent features, we have adhered to the 2016 America Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association (AREMA) manual guidelines (AREMA, 2016). The AREMA manual is a design guideline and not a rigid design standard, and refers to other standards as appropriate for specific design elements. For seismic site characterization and site response, AREMA refers to the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 7-10 (ASCE, 2013). For design of the proposed restroom enclosure structure, we have adhered to the Snohomish County Department of Planning and Development Services (SCDPDS) Building Construction Codes, which reference 2015 International Building Code design standards (International Code Council, 2014). For design of the proposed pedestrian bridge, we have referenced the International Building Code 2015 for seismic design requirements and SCDPDS Rule 5660 concerning design requirements for small -diameter (defined as less than 8 inches in diameter) pipe piles, referred to as pin piles (SCDPDS, 2006). 8.2 Seismic Design 8.2.1 Site Class The seismic site class was evaluated in general accordance with the procedure in ASCE 7-10, which allows the use of estimated shear wave velocities correlated from Standard 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 13 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Penetration Test (SPT) N-values to calculate the average shear wave velocity for the upper 100 feet of the subsurface materials. This site class is applicable for all proposed structures, as both AREMA Section C-1.4.4.1.1 and International Building Code (IBC) (2015) reference methods provided in ASCE 7-10 for this purpose. Our evaluation, based on the measured SPT values from borings MB-6, MB-7, and MB-8 indicates that the project site is classified as Site Class E. Site Class E corresponds to a loose soil profile with an average shear wave velocity less than 600 feet per second or an average SPT N-value less than 15 blows per foot in the upper 100 feet of soil. 8.2.2 Railroad Bridge Seismic Design Parameters The 2016 AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering (Chapter 9) utilizes a three -level ground motion and performance -criteria limit state for the seismic design of railway bridges. Return periods for each limit state can be calculated based on risk factors that consider immediate safety, immediate value, and replacement value. The return period for each limit state can then be used to calculate a corresponding base acceleration coefficient. If the parameters used to determine risk factors are unknown, average return periods may be used in conjunction with maps developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to determine base acceleration coefficients for each limit state. Preliminary USGS 2008 maps corresponding to average return periods of 100, 475, and 2,475 years for the serviceability, ultimate, and survivability limit states, respectively, are presented in the AREMA Manual as Figures 9-1-1 through 9-1-3. However, AREMA Chapter 9, Section 1.3.2.3, states that the provided ground motion parameters maps are for illustration purposes and more accurate ground motions parameters may be determined based on web -based interactive USGS tools. This section also states that other sources or site -specific procedures may be used to define the ground motion parameters as long as they are based on accepted methods. We recommend the current ground motion parameter maps published by the USGS U.S. Seismic Design Maps (USGS, 2017) be used for design. For railroad bridge design, we recommend applying the seismic design ground motion parameters presented in Table 1. 8.2.3 Pedestrian Bridge Seismic Design Parameters The IBC seismic design parameters are based on a maximum considered earthquake (MCER), which corresponds to ground motions with a 1 percent probability of structural collapse in 50 years. The NICER is the ground motion with a 2 percent probability of 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 14 SHANNON WALSON, INC. exceedance in 50 years (i.e., a 2,475-year return period) that has been adjusted for risk and directionality in accordance with ASCE 7-10. Seismic design using the IBC is based on short -period and 1 second -period spectral response acceleration (SRA) values. To account for site soil amplification effects, we scale the mapped SRA values from the USGS PSHA (Site Class B) by site coefficients corresponding to Site Class E. For pedestrian bridge design, we recommend applying the seismic design ground motion parameters presented in Table 1. 8.2.4 Liquefaction Potential 8.2.4.1 Railroad Bridge Liquefaction Potential We evaluated liquefaction potential for borings MB-6 and MB-7 for the three design ground motions specified in AREMA. Based on the SPT data, soil description, and laboratory data for those borings, it appears both locations are susceptible to liquefaction under all seismic cases. Boring MB-6 is susceptible to liquefaction in limited intervals at depths of approximately 10 and 45 feet. Boring MB-7 is susceptible to liquefaction between 35 and 40 feet during the 475- and 2,475-year return period events. We have applied these liquefied soil zones in related analyses such as driven pile axial capacity and recommended LPile parameters. 8.2.4.2 Pedestrian Bridge Liquefaction Potential We evaluated liquefaction potential for boring MB-8 using half the peak ground acceleration corresponding to an earthquake having 2 percent probability of exceedance in 50 years, as specified in IBC 2015. Based on SPT data, laboratory results and observed soil conditions, boring MB-8 is susceptible to liquefaction to a depth of 7 feet. We anticipate liquefiable soils are present at both bridge abutments, and extend laterally in all directions from the abutments. If liquefaction occurs, we anticipate both abutments may be affected simultaneously, and that the liquefied ground will undergo lateral spreading toward the stream channel. Due to anticipated bridge damage if liquefaction occurs to that depth, we recommend removal of the upper 7 feet of soil beneath the pedestrian bridge abutments, and extending 15 feet upslope of the abutments, and replacing it with structural fill. Areas of soil removal and replacement with structural fill should extend at least eight feet laterally beyond the edges of the abutments and approach fills. Properly constructed structural fill will not be susceptible to liquefaction and liquefaction -induced settlement. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 15 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 8.3 Railroad Bridge Design Preliminary design drawings indicate the proposed railroad bridge spans will be supported on precast concrete and steel pile caps and abutments, which will bear on driven pile foundations. We understand the construction sequence calls for installing piles through the existing embankment, then excavating to place pile caps and abutment blocks, deck spans, and track elements before excavating the embankment beneath the deck and installing steel cross members at each bent. Construction stages will be coordinated within single track closure windows, after which both tracks will be put back into service such that the tracks will have to be service -ready after each construction stage. We understand the bridge will be constructed one track at a time, with the first bridge being completed and put into service before the second bridge is constructed. As such, it will be necessary to install shoring between the two tracks to support embankment soil and track surcharge loads during excavation beneath the deck to connect steel cross members, and throughout much of construction of the second bridge. The analyses and recommendations in this section address specific details of the railroad bridge design and construction sequence described above, presented by the project design team in the 30 percent design submittal, and discussed during subsequent project meetings preceding this report. If the railroad bridge design or construction sequence changes, or if performance requirements differ from those described in the following sections, our analyses and recommendations would need to be revised. 8.3.1 Driven Pile Foundations We have estimated axial capacity for driven steel, HP 14X89 piles, based on the subsurface conditions observed in borings M13-6 and M13-7, as presented in Figures 8 and 9, respectively. Note that the axial capacities are presented relative to the approximate bottom of the elevation, and should be adjusted for interior bents. Efficient pile driving can be defined as driving the pile to the desired ultimate capacity (twice the design load) at a reasonable blow count (less than 140 blows per foot) and with driving stresses not exceeding 80 percent of the yield strength of the pile (in accordance with AREMA). Wave Equation Analyses for Pile driving (WEAP) should be performed using data for the actual hammer/pile combination to be used to install the production piles. WEAP analyses allow evaluation of driving stresses so that an appropriate pile -driving hammer size can be selected to obtain the desired pile capacity with reasonable blow counts and without damaging the piles. We evaluated driven steel, HP 14X89 piles, to accommodate a nominal capacity of 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 16 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 250 tons (500 kips), as requested by the design team. We evaluated for both plugged and non - plugged conditions. WEAP were performed for steel with a yield strength of 50 kips per square inch (ksi) HP 14X89 pile driven with a Berminghammer B-5505 diesel hammer. A Berminghammer B-5505 has a manufacturer -rated energy of about 105,900 foot-pounds and a ram weight of about 9.2 kips. Based on the uncertainty in driving conditions, plugged or unplugged, we selected a hammer that would achieve capacity for the limiting driving condition. For driving with an unplugged condition, a greater embedment depth is necessary to achieve capacity. The analyses were performed using the computer program GRLWEAP (Version 2010), which was developed by Goble Rausche Likins and Associates (GRL, 2010). The hammer size was selected based on our past experience. Analyses were performed for the following conditions: ■ For driving HP 14X89 under plugged conditions, an embedment of 120 feet and total pile length of 130 feet. ■ For driving HP 14X89 under plugged conditions, an embedment of 130 feet and total pile length of 140 feet. ■ We used standard GRLWEAP-recommended values for damping, quake, and shaft damping for the soil types encountered at the project site. ■ We used standard GRLWEAP-recommended values for cushion and helmet values for the hammer. ■ To achieve an ultimate capacity of about 250 tons (500 kips), a Berminghammer B-5505, or equivalent, would be acceptable for driving the 50 ksi HP 14X89 steel H-Piles. 8.3.2 Lateral Earth Pressures Temporary shoring will be necessary to retain embankment soil during sequential bridge construction. Bridge abutment structures will be subjected to lateral earth pressure from embankment soil. The following sections discuss lateral earth pressure analyses for the railroad bridge. 8.3.2.1 Railroad Bridge Temporary Shoring Steel sheet pile or H-pile with steel sheet lagging temporary shoring will be installed between the tracks to support the embankment soils and track during excavation to install bridge spans and pile bent reinforcements. Based on the soil conditions observed during the horizontal boring, HB-1, we evaluated lateral earth pressure that may be anticipated to act on 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 17 SHANNON WALSON, INC. temporary shoring structures. Recommended lateral earth pressures for a cantilevered sheet pile wall under drained conditions are presented in Figure 10. Note that we did not provide recommended lateral earth pressures for single or multiple tieback wall configurations because the shoring will be inaccessible prior to excavating beneath the adjacent track. If the design and surcharge loads cannot be feasibly supported by a cantilevered wall, additional analyses will be required. Lateral pressures due to surcharges, including Cooper E80 train loading should be added to the recommended lateral earth pressures when appropriate. Various recommended surcharge loads are presented in Figure 11. To estimate surcharge loading for temporary shoring, as presented in Figure 11, we recommend using an active earth pressure coefficient (Ka) of 0.36. 8.3.2.2 Temporary Shoring Wall Anticipated Movements The lateral earth pressures in Figure 10 assume active soil conditions. For active conditions, lateral wall movements could range from 0.10 to 0.15 percent of the excavation depth. In general, settlements of the same order -of -magnitude could occur behind the wall, extending a distance equal to approximately half the height of the excavation, then decreasing linearly to zero at a distance of approximately 1.5 to 2 times the excavation height. Lateral earth pressures acting on retaining walls depend on many factors, including groundwater conditions, backslope, surcharges, the type of backfill soil and/or adjacent native soils, drainage provisions, and wall flexibility. For walls that are not allowed to move 0.001 times the wall height (rigid condition), at -rest lateral earth pressures should be used. The above -mentioned deflections and settlements are estimates only and are, in part, affected by the method and care used during installation. The actual performance of the wall should be monitored during construction as discussed later in this report. 8.3.3 Bridge Abutments Bridge abutment structures will be subjected to lateral earth pressures along their exterior face (opposite the bridge spans). We anticipate the abutment structures will be constrained laterally in the track -parallel direction, restricting movement such that they may not develop active soil conditions. We recommend designing for at -rest earth pressure conditions. We recommend designing for an equivalent fluid pressure of 55H, expressed in pounds per square foot (psf), where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the abutment face. We recommend modeling the earth pressure in a triangular 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 18 SHANNON WALSON, INC. distribution, increasing with depth. Lateral pressures due to surcharges, including Cooper E80 train loading should be added to the recommended lateral earth pressures when appropriate. Various recommended surcharge loads are presented in Figure 11. For the seismic case, we recommend adding a seismic increment of 12H (psf) in a uniform rectangular distribution. To estimate surcharge loads for the railroad bridge abutments using Figure 11, we recommend applying an at -rest earth pressure coefficient (Ko) of 0.42. We recommend ignoring friction along the base of the abutment structure because it will be pile -supported, and embankment soil may settle relative to the abutment. We anticipate there will be no backfill along the interior face of the abutment structure such that passive earth pressure will not provide lateral resistance to the active earth pressure. 8.3.4 Permanent Slopes We anticipate the completed bridge will include newly constructed permanent slopes beneath the bridge, downslope of the abutments, leading to the completed estuary restoration excavation. Based on the observed soil conditions in horizontal boring HB-1, we recommend permanent slopes be 1.5H:1V or flatter. Permanent slopes formed in existing railroad embankment materials are likely to expose granular soils that are susceptible to erosion. We recommend permanent slope designs include permanent erosion control measures such as reestablishing vegetative cover, or placement of coarse gravel, quarry spalls, or other erosion resistant stone. 8.3.5 Retaining Wall at Pedestrian Path Based on the 30 percent submittal, and on subsequent conversations, we understand the preferred alternative is to construct a concrete block wall (each primary block is 59 inches long by 29.5 inches tall and 29.5 inches deep) as a permanent structure at the base of the slope between the pedestrian path and south abutment. The block wall will retain about 5 feet of embankment soil having a backslope of 1.5H:IV. Based on the soil conditions observed in boring MB-6 (approximate elevation 13 feet), soil conditions at the base of the wall may consist of soft silt and organic silt to a depth of about three feet, underlain by loose, silty sand to a depth of about 5 feet, underlain by very loose, clean sand with gravel to a depth of about 9.5 feet. The base of the block wall is shown at approximately elevation 8 feet. Based on the elevation difference between the ground surface at MB-6 (approximate elevation 13 feet) and the proposed base of the block wall (approximate elevation 8 feet), we anticipate the block wall subgrade soils will be loose to very loose, silty 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 19 SHANNON WALSON, INC. sand or clean sand with gravel. We recommend overexcavating a minimum of 24 inches below the finished base of block elevation, compacting the native soil to a firm and unyielding condition, then backfilling and compacting free -draining, coarse, angular gravel or quarry spalls to within 6 inches of the finished base of block elevation. We recommend placing and compacting 6 inches of free -draining, leveling rock to form a firm, uniform surface on which to place the base blocks. Leveling rock fill material should consist of clean, well -graded, sand and gravel soils of which not more than 5 percent fines by dry weight passes the No. 200 mesh sieve, based on wet -sieving the fraction passing the 3/4-inch mesh sieve, such as Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) Standard Specification 9-03.12(B) Gravel Backfill for Walls. The fines should be nonplastic. We recommend this material be used as backfill behind the completed block wall. For wall design, we recommend assuming this material has an angle of internal friction (cp) equal to 32 degrees, and total unit weight (y) equal to 125 pounds per cubic foot. 8.4 Pedestrian Bridge The proposed pedestrian bridge is located approximately midway between the proposed railroad bridge and the existing pedestrian bridge near the Ranger's residence. Based on the 30 percent design drawings, and subsequent conversations with the bridge designers, we understand the structure will be a single 40-foot span bearing on pile -supported abutments. Abutment approach fills will be retained by cast -in -place concrete wingwalls bearing on spread footings. The south abutment approach will consist of an elevated boardwalk bearing on Diamond Pier® foundation elements. 8.4.1 Bridge Abutment Foundations We understand the proposed bridge will be supported on concrete abutments bearing on driven pile foundations. We have provided estimated axial capacity for 2-, 4- and 6-inch- diameter, driven steel pipe piles based on the subsurface conditions observed in boring MB-8 and assuming liquefaction mitigation is completed as discussed in Section 8.2.4.2 of this report, as presented in Figures 12, 13, and 14, respectively. Note that the axial capacities are presented relative to the existing ground surface. Typically, small -diameter pin piles are driven to refusal (defined as 1 inch or less of penetration after 60 seconds of driving using a 90-pound jackhammer for a 2-inch-diameter pile) in dense to very dense soils. At this location, we did not encounter dense to very dense soils, so we do not anticipate pile refusal. Consequently, we anticipate the pin piles at this location will not achieve the maximum capacities stated in SCDPDS Rule 5660. We understand the design calls for battered piles. We recommend 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 20 SHANNON WALSON, INC. estimating the vertical and horizontal pile capacity components, not accounting for bending resistance, by resolving the pile batter angle into its geometric horizontal and vertical components and multiplying by the estimated vertical pile capacity based on pile tip embedment depth. To carry tensile or lateral loads, pipe pile splices would need to be field welded. Based on SCDPDS Rule 5660, 2-inch-diameter pin piles shall be no more than 30 feet long and shall be of extra strong steel as defined in the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) Steel Construction Manual (AISC, 2011). Extra strong is a class of steel pipe which has nominal inside and outside diameters of 1.94 and 2.38 inches, respectively, with steel materials in accordance with ASTM Designation A53 Gr. B. For the 4- and 6-inch-diameter piles, SCDPDS Rule 5660 specifies at least 3 percent and up to five piles maximum be subjected to static axial compressive load testing in general accordance with ASTM D1143-81, Quick Load Test Method. We recommend the base of the pedestrian bridge abutments be at least 24 inches below surrounding grade. Based on soil conditions observed in boring MB-8, we anticipate the excavation will expose very loose silty sand, and could potentially be at or below the groundwater table if completed during the wet winter months. We anticipate the exposed soils will be susceptible to degradation under construction activities, and recommend overexcavation and placement of quarry spalls or other suitable material to provide a firm working surface. 8.4.2 Lateral Earth Pressure We understand the abutment structures will be 5 feet tall from their base to the proposed bridge deck elevation, and that each abutment will support an approach fill. Bridge abutment structures will be subjected to lateral earth pressures imparted by the approach fills. Lateral earth pressures will be dependent on whether liquefaction mitigation is completed, as described in the following sections. 8.4.2.1 Existing Condition — Static We anticipate the abutment structures will deflect laterally such that they develop active soil conditions. We recommend designing for active earth pressure conditions. We recommend designing for an equivalent fluid pressure of 34H (psf) for static conditions, where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the abutment face. We recommend modeling the earth pressure in a triangular distribution, increasing with depth. This recommended value assumes the abutment wall backfill and approach fill are composed of structural fill as described in Section 8.2.3 of this report. Lateral pressures due to 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 21 SHANNON WALSON, INC. surcharges, including vehicle loading should be added to the recommended lateral earth pressures when appropriate. Various recommended surcharge loads are presented in Figure 11. To estimate surcharge loads for the pedestrian bridge abutments using Figure 11, we recommend applying an active earth pressure coefficient (Ka) of 0.27. We recommend ignoring friction along the base of the abutment structure because it will be pile -supported, and the underlying soil may settle relative to the abutment. We anticipate there will be no backfill along the stream -side face of the abutment structure such that passive earth pressure will not provide lateral resistance to the active earth pressure. 8.4.2.2 Existing Condition — Seismic For the seismic case, with liquefaction and lateral spreading occurring at both abutments, there is potential that both abutments would be subjected to passive earth pressure acting in opposite directions as the ground surrounding and underlying each abutment deforms toward the stream channel. For this case, we recommend applying an equivalent fluid pressure (ultimate passive) of 400H (psf), at each abutment, where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the abutment face, and modeling the earth pressure in a triangular distribution starting at the ground surface, increasing with depth to the base of the abutment footing. This recommended ultimate passive earth pressure value is unfactored. 8.4.2.1 Mitigated Condition — Static We anticipate the abutment structures will deflect laterally such that they develop active soil conditions. We recommend designing for active earth pressure conditions. We recommend designing for an equivalent fluid pressure of 3 1 H (psf) for static conditions, where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the abutment face. We recommend modeling the earth pressure in a triangular distribution, increasing with depth. These recommended values assume excavation and replacement with structural fill as described in Section 8.2.3 of this report. Lateral pressures due to surcharges, including vehicle loading should be added to the recommended lateral earth pressures when appropriate. Various recommended surcharge loads are presented in Figure 11. To estimate surcharge loads for the pedestrian bridge abutments using Figure 11, we recommend applying an active earth pressure coefficient (Ka) of 0.23. We recommend ignoring friction along the base of the abutment structure because it will be pile -supported, and the underlying soil may settle relative to the abutment. We anticipate there will be no backfill along the stream -side face of the abutment 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 22 SHANNON WALSON, INC. structure such that passive earth pressure will not provide lateral resistance to the active earth pressure. 8.4.2.2 Mitigated Condition — Seismic For the seismic case, when liquefaction mitigation is completed, we anticipate active earth pressure acting at one bridge abutment may be resisted by passive earth pressure acting at the opposite bridge abutment, and in the opposite direction, provided the structure adequately transfers the load between abutments. For this case, we recommend applying the static earth pressure described in Section 8.4.2.1, and adding a seismic increment of 12H (psf) in a uniform, rectangular distribution. For the opposite abutment, we recommend applying a passive earth pressure of 250H (psf), where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the abutment face, and modeling the earth pressure in a triangular distribution starting at the ground surface, increasing with depth to the base of the abutment footing. This recommended passive earth pressure value includes a factor of safety (FS) of 2.0. 8.4.3 Approach Fill Wingwalls We understand the approach fills will be retained by concrete wingwalls along both sides, extending from the bridge abutments. We recommend the base of the wall footings be at least 24 inches below surrounding grade. Provided the exposed subgrade is prepared in accordance with the recommendations in Sections 8.8 and 8.9 of this report, we recommend designing for an allowable bearing pressure of 2,000 psf. Anticipated total settlements may be up to 1.0 inch, and differential settlement along continuous footings is estimated to be approximately half the total settlement. We recommend the wingwalls be backfilled using structural fill, and designed using the same recommended earth pressures. The above allowable bearing capacities include a FS of 2.0. Bearing pressures may be increased by up to one-third for seismic and wind loads. The estimated settlements are expected to occur as structural loads are applied. Minimum footing widths should be 18 inches for continuous spread footings. Lateral loads may be resisted by passive earth pressure acting against the footing and friction against the bottom of the footing. In our opinion, passive earth pressures developed from compacted granular fill could be estimated using an equivalent fluid pressure of 300H (psf), where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the wingwall. We recommend ignoring passive resistance in the uppermost 24 inches. The 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 23 SHANNON WALSON, INC. equivalent fluid pressure includes a FS of 1.5 and assumes that the adjacent grade is level, the footings extend at least 24 inches below the lowest adjacent grade, are properly drained, and that the backfill around the structure is compacted in accordance with the recommendations for structural fill outlined herein. We recommend that a coefficient of friction of 0.35 be used between cast -in -place concrete and medium dense fill. This value includes a FS of 1.5. We anticipate the abutment wingwalls will deflect laterally such that they develop active soil conditions. We recommend designing for active earth pressure conditions. We recommend designing for an equivalent fluid pressure of 34H (psf) for static conditions, where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the wingwall. We recommend modeling the earth pressure in a triangular distribution, increasing with depth. This recommended value assumes the wingwall backfill and approach fill are composed of structural fill as described in Section 8.2.3 of this report. Lateral pressures due to surcharges, including vehicle loading should be added to the recommended lateral earth pressures when appropriate. Various recommended surcharge loads are presented in Figure 11. To estimate surcharge loads for the pedestrian bridge abutments using Figure 11, we recommend applying an active earth pressure coefficient (Ka) of 0.27. The approach fills and wingwalls are susceptible to damage in the event that liquefaction mitigation is not completed. Additional settlement and lateral deformation may be expected if liquefaction occurs. 8.4.4 Diamond Pier ® Boardwalk Foundations We understand the proposed boardwalk structure south of the pedestrian bridge will be supported on Diamond Pier ® foundation elements. Based on the soil conditions observed in the test pits within the grassy playfield, and in boring MB-8 near the pedestrian bridge, we anticipate the boardwalk foundations will bear in silty sand or silty sand with gravel. We recommend applying the bearing load capacity values listed in the Sands/Gravels portion of Table 1 in the Diamond Pier ® Installation Manual (Pin Foundations, Inc., 2018) for the specified model and pin length. 8.5 Lateral Pile Analysis Lateral loads may be resisted by the passive pressure against deep foundations. The computer program LPILE (Reese and others, 2016) and other similar methods may be used to generate load deflection (p-y) curves for lateral resistance analysis of driven piles to calculate the magnitude of deflection, shear, and moment along the pile. Table 2 presents our recommended 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 24 SHANNON WALSON, INC. soil parameters for lateral resistance analysis using LPILE for static and seismic loading conditions. Group interaction should be considered when evaluating horizontal movement of piles with center -to -center spacing less than 5D. When the p-y method is used, the lateral resistance "p" should be factored by the appropriate p-multiplier set forth in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 71h Edition, Article 10.7.2.4 — Horizontal Pile Foundation Movement, to account for group interaction (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials [AASHTO], 2016). 8.6 Restroom Enclosure Foundations We understand the proposed restroom enclosure structure will be slab -on -grade with specific elements being supported on spread footings. We evaluated bearing capacity and settlement for the soil conditions encountered at test pit TP-RE-1. 8.6.1 Bearing Capacity We recommend the base of spread footings be at least 24 inches below the surrounding grade. Based on soils observed in test pit TP-RE-1, subgrade soil will be silty sand with gravel. Provided the exposed subgrade is prepared in accordance with the recommendations in Sections 8.8 and 8.9 of this report, we recommend designing for an allowable bearing pressure of 3,000 psf. Anticipated total settlements may be up to 0.5 inch, and differential settlement between adjacent column footings or along continuous footings are estimated to be approximately half the total settlement. The above allowable bearing capacities include a FS of 2.0. Bearing pressures may be increased by up to one-third for seismic and wind loads. The estimated settlements are expected to occur as structural loads are applied. Minimum footing widths should be 24 inches for individual column footings and 18 inches for continuous spread footings. For portions of the structure supported on shallow foundations, lateral loads may be resisted by passive earth pressure acting against the footing and friction against the bottom of the footing. In our opinion, passive earth pressures developed from compacted granular fill could be estimated using an equivalent fluid pressure of 300H (psf), where H represents the distance from the finished ground surface to the point of interest on the footing. We recommend ignoring passive earth pressure resistance in the uppermost 24 inches. The equivalent fluid pressure includes a FS of 1.5 and assumes that the footings extend at least 24 inches below the lowest 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 25 SHANNON WALSON, INC. adjacent grade, are properly drained, and that the backfill around the structure is compacted in accordance with the recommendations for structural fill outlined herein. We recommend that a coefficient of friction of 0.35 be used between cast -in -place concrete and medium dense fill. This value includes a FS of 1.5. 8.6.2 Slab -on -Grade Floor slabs for the proposed structure may be slab -on -grade bearing on densely compacted structural fill. We recommend the area be prepared by removing all existing fill; loose, soft, or disturbed soils; organics; and debris (if present) to expose the underlying native soils. The exposed native soils should be evaluated by a geotechnical engineer or the engineer's representative prior to backfill or concrete placement. All new fills under slab -on -grade floors should consist of structural fill and be compacted to a dense, unyielding condition according to the recommendations presented herein. For floor slabs prepared in accordance with these recommendations, we recommend using a modulus of subgrade reaction, k, of 200 pounds per cubic inch for design of the slab. 8.7 Access Road Stability Improvements We performed slope stability analyses of the access road using the Morgenstern -Price limit - equilibrium method, using the software SLOPE/W (Geo-Slope International Ltd, 2016). We evaluated the subsurface conditions at each of the five borings along the access road (MB-1 through MB-5), and concluded that the conditions at boring MB-4 were representative of typical conditions at each of the borings. We focused our analyses at the approximate location of boring MB-4, between the existing soldier pile wall and mechanically stabilized earth wall, where we observed guard rail displacement in the downslope direction. We used the project topographic survey to create a section at the analysis location. Based on observed subsurface conditions, we estimated 7 feet of road prism fill at boring MB-4. Based on the topographic survey and observed field conditions, we modeled the access road as a cut/fill prism having a wedge of fill beneath the downslope shoulder and extending approximately 75 feet downslope from the road. We completed a back -calculation, evaluated the existing conditions under anticipated construction equipment surcharge loading, and evaluated driven soil nail slope reinforcement under anticipated construction equipment surcharge loading as described in the following sections. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 26 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 8.7.1 Back -Calculation Because it is difficult to develop representative strength properties of the materials that comprise the slope by laboratory testing, we estimated these properties based our experience with road prism fill and glacial soils in the Puget Sound region, then used back -calculations to refine the model. Back -calculation is an iterative process in which the strength properties of a given soil material are adjusted, within the limits of typical values for similar soils, to obtain an expected FS. FS refers to the ratio of "resisting forces" to "driving forces." Landslides occur when the driving forces on a block of soil exceed the available resistance; i.e., the FS drops to a value less than 1. Once the slope geometry reaches a stable configuration (i.e. the FS increases to 1), the slide stops moving. The unit weight for each material was estimated based on our experience and laboratory testing of similar soils, and the friction angle and cohesion were adjusted. Based on SPT N-values, observed soil conditions, experience with similar soils in this area, and iterative back -calculation, we estimated the following soil strength parameters of the roadway fill and the Whidbey formation: Roadway Fill: � = 26% c = 200 psf Whidbey Formation: � = 40°; c = 150 psf We estimated groundwater conditions based on observed soil conditions in the borings, seepage along the slope above the lower hairpin curve, and on experience with interbedded stratigraphy such as was observed in the Whidbey formation in boring MB-4. We assumed three perched groundwater tables in our stability model: ■ Groundwater Table 1 = 9 feet below access road ■ Groundwater Table 2 = 25 feet below access road ■ Groundwater Table 3 = 49 feet below access road The resulting FS for existing conditions is 1.2. Because slope failures occur during the wet winter months, we modeled an elevated water table within the roadway fill and upper Whidbey formation, in which the water rose 4 to 5 feet below the access road surface, which resulted in a FS of 1.0. In our opinion, this modeled condition provides a reasonable estimate of existing and potential conditions on which to base further analyses. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 27 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 8.7.2 Anticipated Equipment Surcharge Using the back -calculated strength properties, assumed dry -season groundwater levels, and the existing slope geometry as a baseline condition, we then evaluated the stability of the slope under anticipated equipment surcharge loading, and with proposed slope reinforcement elements to evaluate the relative stability improvement from the proposed measures. 8.7.2.1 Dump Truck Surcharge Based on the WSDOT Geotechnical Design Manual (GDM) (WSDOT, 2015), conventional practice is to model construction equipment traffic as a uniformly distributed surcharge of 250 psf, acting across the entire roadway width. Due to the anticipated volume of dump truck and other equipment traffic, we modeled a uniformly distributed surcharge of 500 psf and another of 1,000 psf to account for dynamic loading. Under both conditions, the resulting FS was 1.1. 8.7.2.2 Crawler Crane Surcharge Based on anticipated construction equipment discussed during conference calls with the project team, and on crawler crane specifications provided by the constructability reviewer, we modeled a Hylab Model 218 HSL crawler crane with rated lift capacity of 110 tons. The base crane chassis with crawler undercarriage side frames has a rated weight of 100,696 pounds. The crawler side frames are 20.5 feet long, and the pads are 3 feet wide. In its retracted configuration, the crawler is 12 feet wide, and in its extended configuration the crawler is 17.2 feet wide, outside to outside of the track pads. Based on these machine specifications, we modeled each of the crane crawler pads as a distributed load of 850 psf, acting over the pad width of three feet, and acting at the extended configuration of 17.2 feet wide, outside to outside. We evaluated the crane surcharge as though the machine was located close to the ditch and as though it was located near the edge of the roadway. In both cases, the resulting FS was 1.1. 8.7.3 Proposed Access Road Stability Improvement Based on the stability analysis results, and on the WSDOT GDM recommended minimum FS of 1.25 for permanent slopes, we recommend considering access road stability improvement measures to increase the FS under existing and construction surcharge conditions. Based on the assumption that measures such as regrading to flatten the slope, or road fill reconstruction would be too invasive, we focused on measures to reinforce the existing road fill. We considered soldier pile walls and several in situ soil reinforcing measures such as drilled and 21-1-22288-060-R1Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 28 SHANNON WALSON, INC. grouted soil nails. Based primarily on their comparatively low impact to existing conditions, we recommend considering spiralnails, which are directly -driven, steel soil nails manufactured by Hilfiker Retaining Walls, in conjunction with slope face confinement structures such as their spider hub, to improve access road stability. We modeled the existing access road conditions with five rows of 30-foot-long spiralnails, spaced 5 feet horizontally and vertically, driven at 15 degrees declination from horizontal, with spider hub confinement structures. Under modeled slope conditions, the nails would extend approximately 15 to 20 feet into the intact native soil. We assumed the spiralnails would develop 1,000 psf (7 pounds per square inch) of shear resistance between the nail and surrounding soil. We anticipate shear resistance will be greater in the intact native soil than in the road prism fill, such that the selected value represents an average. Stability analyses using this reinforcement indicate the FS increases from 1.2 for the unreinforced condition to 1.9 for the reinforced condition, an increase of about 60 percent. Under the dump truck and crawler crane surcharge loads described previously, the FS increases from 1.1 for the unreinforced condition to 1.3 for the reinforced condition, an increase of about 18 percent, and sufficient to achieve the minimum recommended value of 1.25. 8.8 Site Preparation We encountered loose or soft soil conditions at all proposed structure locations, including the restroom enclosure, pedestrian bridge abutments, and retaining wall at the pedestrian path beneath the proposed railroad bridge. Spread footings or other structure loads bearing on existing soils would be susceptible to excessive settlement and potential bearing capacity failure. The recommended allowable bearing capacities presented previously in this report are contingent upon site preparation in accordance with the following recommendations. Based on loose to very loose soil conditions encountered at all proposed structure locations, we recommend removing 24 inches of existing soil, then preparing the subgrade in accordance with the following: ■ Footing subgrade excavations should be cleaned of all fill, debris, and loose, soft, wet, or disturbed soil prior to placing the reinforced concrete. ■ Exposed footing subgrade should be compacted to a dense and unyielding condition using excavator mounted compaction equipment. Compaction should be observed by a geotechnical engineer to confirm a dense and unyielding condition. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 29 SHANNON WALSON, INC. If unanticipated loose, soft, or unsuitable soil is encountered below the footing level, the subgrade should be overexcavated to a suitable bearing soil. The overexcavated portion may be backfilled with a compacted granular structural fill, controlled density fill (CDF), or lean concrete as appropriate to attain the design bearing capacity. The structural fill should be compacted as recommended in Section 8.9 of this report. CDF and lean concrete mixes must have sufficient design strength to support foundation loads. If construction takes place in wet weather, we recommend placing 2 to 3 inches of lean concrete or at least 6 inches of compacted, well -graded, clean sand and gravel immediately after excavation to serve as a working surface. The clean sand and gravel should have less than 5 percent by dry weight passing the No. 200 sieve based on the 3/4-inch minus fraction. If groundwater is encountered, it should be lowered to at least 2 feet below the bottom of footing excavations. Footing excavations should be kept free of water at all times. ■ As needed, temporary dewatering of accumulated stormwater should be performed during construction to maintain dry working conditions. We anticipate that sump pumps will be suitable for removing accumulated stormwater from the excavations. All excavations for spread footing foundations should be observed by a geotechnical engineer to evaluate the adequacy of the bearing stratum and to confirm that subsurface conditions at and below the bearing elevation are suitable for the design bearing values provided. 8.9 Compaction, Structural Fill Placement, and Use of On -site Soils In load -bearing areas, such as beneath foundations, floor slabs, and pavements, the exposed soil surface, after clearing and stripping and prior to any fill placement or foundation or pavement construction, should be compacted using a heavy vibratory roller or backhoe-mounted hydraulic plate compactor, or evaluated by an experienced geotechnical engineer. Where unsuitable soil that is loose, soft, wet, or contains organic material is encountered during the compaction process, it should be removed and replaced with densely compacted structural fill. Native granular soil in dry conditions and granular on -site fill material without debris, wood, and free of topsoil (abundant organic material) would be suitable for use as structural fill provided the soil is within +/- 2 percent of its optimum moisture content for compaction. On -site fill soil could be re -used as structural fill provided it is evaluated by a geotechnical engineer and used following the recommendations in this section. The fines content of on -site soils may make them difficult to compact during wet weather or in wet conditions. On -site soil could be used as fill in dry weather and dry conditions, but may require thinner lifts and/or more effort to achieve compaction requirements. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 30 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Imported structural fill soil should consist of a well -graded mixture of sand and gravel; free of organics, debris, and rubbish; and should contain no more than 15 percent fines (material passing the No. 200 mesh sieve, based on the minus 3/4-inch fraction). The fines should be nonplastic, and the moisture content of the soil should also be within +/- 2 percent of its optimum. All structural fill should have a maximum particle size of 3 inches, such as WSDOT Standard Specification 9-03.12(B) Gravel Backfill for Walls. Structural fill should be placed in uniform lifts and compacted to a dense and unyielding condition, to at least 95 percent of the Modified Proctor maximum dry density (ASTM D 1557-70). The thickness of soil layers before compaction should not exceed 8 inches for heavy equipment compactors or 4 inches for hand -operated mechanical compactors. In landscaped areas where larger settlements are acceptable, the backfill should be compacted to at least 90 percent of the Modified Proctor maximum dry density. During wet weather or in wet conditions where control of soil moisture is difficult, structural fill material should consist of clean, granular soil, of which not more than 5 percent by dry weight passes the No. 200 mesh sieve, based on wet -sieving the fraction passing the 3/4-inch sieve. The fines should be nonplastic 9.0 CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS 9.1 Temporary Excavation Slopes Consistent with conventional practice, temporary excavation slopes should be made the responsibility of the Contractor, who is continually at the site and able to observe the nature and conditions of the subsurface materials and groundwater and has responsibility for the methods, sequence, and schedule of construction. For planning purposes, we recommend that temporary, unsupported, open -cut slopes in existing fill be no steeper than 1.5H:IV. This recommendation is applicable to slopes in areas where groundwater and/or groundwater seepage is not present. Flatter slopes may be required based on the actual conditions encountered, particularly where groundwater or seepage is encountered. We recommend that all exposed slopes be protected with waterproof covering during periods of wet weather to reduce sloughing and erosion. 21-1-22288-060-R1Fwp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 31 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 9.2 Driven Piles 9.2.1 General The proposed construction sequence requires driven piles, both HP 14X89 foundation piles and steel sheet piles, to be advanced through the existing embankment and into the underlying soil. Once the bridges are completed, the embankment soil and approximately 3 to 6 feet of soil underlying the embankment and throughout the estuary restoration area will be removed. Consequently, axial pile capacity and lateral pile analyses must be evaluated relative to the proposed finished ground surface elevation. 9.2.2 Obstructions Although we did not encounter boulder -size rock, timber piles, or other obstructions during our subsurface explorations, we anticipate obstructions may be present within the existing railroad embankment and underlying alluvium. Such obstructions will likely deflect piles and cause alignment problems, and may stop pile advancement short of the design tip elevation. If obstructions are encountered, and if pile alignment and/or penetration are negatively affected, it may be necessary to pre -drill through and beyond the obstructions to facilitate driven pile installation in accordance with the design. 9.3 Construction Impacts to Railroad Tracks The railroad tracks and ties will potentially be affected by pile driving or drilling, by excavation to install abutment and interior bent pile caps, and by shoring deflection during excavation to complete the adjacent bridge. We anticipate these impacts can be mitigated through tamping and other routine maintenance practices. 9.4 Embankment Excavation and Shoring Monitoring We recommend that embankment excavation and shoring be observed by an experienced geotechnical engineer. The purpose for this observation is to monitor conditions for indications of excessive shoring deflection or other signs of adverse ground response during construction. We recommend measuring shoring deflection during excavation to monitor the magnitude of movement in response to excavation depth, and to detect continued movement without additional excavation or other responses that would be cause for concern. We recommend monitoring deflection using inclinometers and/or optical survey methods. These methods have been proven accurate and reliable, and would allow the stakeholders to establish deflection threshold values 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 32 SHANNON WALSON, INC. which would trigger prescribed responses intended to prevent excessive deflection or shoring failure. 9.5 Wet Weather Earthwork Wet weather generally begins about mid -October and continues through about May, although rainy periods may occur at any time of year. The soil at the site contains sufficient fines content to produce an unstable mixture when wet. Such soils are susceptible to changes in water content, and tend to become unstable and difficult, or impossible, to compact if their moisture content exceeds the optimum. If earthwork at the site continues into the wet season, or if wet conditions are encountered, we recommend the following: The ground surface in and surrounding the construction area should be sloped as much as possible to promote runoff of precipitation away from work areas and to prevent ponding of water. Earthwork should be accomplished in small sections to minimize exposure to wet conditions. That is, each section should be small enough so that the removal of unsuitable soils and placement and compaction of clean structural fill can be accomplished on the same day. The size of construction equipment may have to be limited to prevent soil disturbance. It may be necessary to excavate soils with a backhoe, or equivalent, located so that equipment does not traffic over the excavated area. Thus, subgrade disturbance caused by equipment traffic will be minimized. ■ Fill material should consist of clean, well -graded, pit -run sand and gravel soils of which not more than 5 percent fines by dry weight passes the No. 200 mesh sieve, based on wet -sieving the fraction passing the 3/4-inch mesh sieve. The gravel content should range between 20 and 60 percent retained on a No. 4 mesh sieve. The fines should be nonplastic. ■ No soil should be left uncompacted and exposed to moisture. A smooth -drum vibratory roller, or equivalent, should roll the surface to seal out as much water as possible. ■ In -place soils or fill soils that become wet and unstable and/or too wet to suitably compact should be removed and replaced with clean, granular soil (see third bullet). ■ Excavation and placement of structural fill material should be observed on a full-time basis by a geotechnical engineer (or representative) experienced in earthwork to determine that all work is being accomplished in accordance with the project specifications and our recommendations. ■ Grading and earthwork should not be accomplished during periods of heavy, continuous rainfall. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 33 SHANNON WALSON, INC. ■ We suggest that these recommendations for wet weather earthwork be included in the contract specifications. 9.6 Erosion Control The Contractor should employ proper erosion control measures during construction, especially if construction takes place during wet weather. Covering work areas, soil stockpiles, or slopes with plastic and using sandbags, sumps, and other measures should be employed as necessary to permit proper completion of the work. Bales of straw, geotextile silt fences, rock -stabilized entrance, wheel wash (as appropriate), street sweeper, and drain inlet sediment screens/collection systems should be appropriately located to control soil movement and erosion. 10.0 ADDITIONAL SERVICES We recommend that Shannon & Wilson be retained to review the geotechnical aspects of plans and specifications to determine that they are consistent with our recommendations. In addition, we should be retained to observe the geotechnical aspects of construction, particularly foundation installation, shoring design, drainage and backfill. Observation will allow us to evaluate the subsurface conditions as they are exposed during construction and to determine that the work is accomplished in accordance with our recommendations and the project specifications. 11.0 LIMITATIONS This report was prepared for the exclusive use of Snohomish County Parks and their representatives for the Meadowdale Beach Park Estuary Restoration Project. The recommendations in this report supersede those provided in all previous versions of this report, and those provided via email or other correspondence before this report was published. This report should be provided to prospective contractors for their information, but our report, conclusions, and interpretations should not be construed as a warranty of subsurface conditions included in this report. The analyses, conclusions, and recommendations contained in this report are based on site conditions as they presently exist, and further assume that the explorations are representative of the subsurface conditions throughout the site; that is, the subsurface conditions everywhere are not significantly different from those disclosed by the explorations. If subsurface conditions different from those encountered in the explorations are encountered or appear to be present during construction, we should be advised at once so that we can review these conditions and reconsider our recommendations, where necessary. If there is a substantial lapse of time between 21-1-22288-060-R1Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 34 SHANNON WALSON, INC. the submission of this report and the start of construction at the site, or if conditions have changed because of natural forces or construction operations at or adjacent to the site, we recommend that we review our report to determine the applicability of the conclusions and recommendations. Within the limitations of scope, schedule, and budget, the analyses, conclusions, and recommendations presented in this report were prepared in accordance with generally accepted professional geotechnical engineering principles and practice in this area at the time this report was prepared. We make no other warranty, either express or implied. These conclusions and recommendations were based on our understanding of the project as described in this report and the site conditions as observed at the time of our explorations. Unanticipated soil conditions are commonly encountered and cannot be fully determined by merely taking soil samples from test borings. Such unexpected conditions frequently require that additional expenditures be made to attain a properly constructed project. Therefore, some contingency fund is recommended to accommodate such potential extra costs. The scope of our present work did not include environmental assessments or evaluations regarding the presence or absence of wetlands, or hazardous or toxic substances in the soil, surface water, groundwater, or air on or below or around this site, or for the evaluation or disposal of contaminated soils or groundwater should any be encountered. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 35 SHANNON MILSON, INC. Shannon & Wilson has prepared and included Appendix E, "Important Information About Your Geotechnical/Environmental Report," to assist you and others in understanding the use and limitations of our reports. SHANNON & WILSON, INC. STo 42481 I6 VAXYZo1g Tyler Stephens, PE Associate SAW:AJD:TJS:RAM:NDM/saw 21-1-22288-060-R 1 Clwoku 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON, INC. 12.0 REFERENCES American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 2016, AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications: U.S. customary units (7th ed. with 2015 and 2016 interim revisions): Washington, D. C., AASHTO, 2 v. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), 2011, Steel construction manual (14th ed.): Chicago, Ill., American Institute of Steel Construction, 1 v. American Railway Engineering and Maintenance -of -Way Association (AREMA), 2016, Manual for railway engineering: Landover, Md., AREMA, 7 v. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2013, Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures (3rd printing): Reston, Va., American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 7-10. Anchor QEA, 2017, Meadowdale Beach Park history: Personal communication (project conference call) between Snohomish County Parks, Anchor QEA, Hanson Professional Services, ICF, Shannon and Wilson, Seattle, Washington, January 12. Applied Geotechnology Inc., 1986: Available: hgps:Hfortress.wa. ovg /dnr/geology/?Theme=subsurf, Borehole ID 60442, Document ID10996, accessed 11/2014. ASTM International (ASTM), 2014, Annual book of standards, Construction v. 04.08, Soil and rock (I): D420 — D5876: West Conshohocken, Penn., ASTM International, 1 v. Dailer, Doug, 2014, Meadowdale Beach Park history: Personal communication (in -person conversation) between Doug Dailer, Meadowdale Beach Park resident ranger for Snohomish County, Washington and Stephanie Williams and Bill Laprade of Shannon and Wilson, Seattle, Washington, December 4. Geo-Slope International, 2016, SLOPE/W 2016: Calgary, Alberta, Geo-Slope International. Global Geophysics, 2016, Report for the ground penetration radar survey at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA: Report prepared by Global Geophysics, Redmond, Wash., 105-0419.001, for Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., December 7. Global Geophysics, 2017a, GPR survey line location map (fig. 1-A) and interpreted GPR anomalies (fig. I-B) [rev.], in, Report for the ground penetration radar survey at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA: Report prepared by Global Geophysics, Redmond, Wash., 105-0419.001, for Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., February 7. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 37 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Global Geophysics, 2017b, Report for the ground penetration radar and electrical resistivity tomography surveys at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA: Report prepared by Global Geophysics, Redmond, Wash., 105-0419.002, for Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., May 1. International Code Council, Inc., 2014, International building code 2015: Country Club Hills, Ill., International Code Council, Inc., 700 p. Intlekofer, C. F., 1989, Construction of Great Northern's seawall and double track between Seattle and Everett, Washington: Great Northern Railway Historical Society Reference Sheet no. 156, p. 1-8, December. Minard, J.P., 1983, Geologic map of the Edmonds East and Part of the Edmonds West quadrangles, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1541, scale 1:24,000. Pile Dynamics, Inc., 2010, GRLWEAP, one-dimensional wave equation analysis: Cleveland, Ohio, Pile Dynamics, Inc. Pin Foundations, Inc., 2018, Diamond Pier foundation system use and applications: Gig Harbor, Wash., Pin Foundations, Inc., 1 p., available: http://pinfoundations.com/images/pdf/2018/DP%2OUse%20and%2OApplications _2018.pdf. Reese, L. C.; Wang, S. T.; Isenhower, W. M.; and Arrellaga, J. A., 2016, LPILE v. 2016.9.10: Austin, Texas, Ensoft, Inc. Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 2015, Meadowdale Beach Park Geotechnical Feasibility Study, Geologic Assessment, and Sediment Loading, South Snohomish County, Washington: report prepared for Anchor QEA, LLC, project no. 21-1-22034-001. Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 2016, Meadowdale Beach Park feasibility study, preliminary geotechnical assessment addendum, south Snohomish County, Washington: Report prepared by Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., 21-1-22034-001, for Anchor QEA, LLC, Seattle, Wash., February. Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 2017, Geologically hazardous areas, Meadowdale Beach Park estuary restoration project, Snohomish County, Washington, draft: Report prepared by Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., 21-1-22288-040, for Snohomish County Parks & Recreation, Snohomish, Wash., April. Snohomish County, Wash., Department of Planning & Development Services (SCDPDS), 2006, Standards for construction of pin piles for foundation construction: Rule 5660, 2 p., August 15, available: htt2s://snohomishcountywa.gov/documentcenter/view/9876. 21-1-22288-060-R1 f/wp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 38 SHANNON WALSON, INC. Thorson, R.M., 1989, Glacio-isostatic response of the Puget Sound area, Washington: Geological Society of American Bulletin, v. 101, no. 9, p. 1163-1174. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), 2017, U.S. seismic design maps: Available: http://earthquake.usgs.,gov/desi rg i aps/us/Nplication.php, accessed June, 2017. Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT), 2015, Geotechnical design manual: Olympia, Wash., WSDOT, Manual M 46-03, 1 v., May, available: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Publications/Manuals/M46-03.httn. 21-1-22288-060-R1 Fwp/]kn 21-1-22288-060 39 SHANNON MLSON, INC. TABLE 1 AREMA 2016/ASCE 7-10 PARAMETERS FOR SEISMIC DESIGN OF STRUCTURES SITE CLASS E Return Period (AREMA Level) Ma nitude Sa T=o SnS � �& 100- ear I 6.6 0.20 0.45 0.19 475- ear (11) 6.8 0.24 0.61 0.45 2,475- ear (lIl) 7.0 0.48 0.89 0.84 Notes: ASCE = American Society of Civil Engineers AREMA = American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of -Way Association 21-1-22288-060-Rif Tiiwpilkn 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. TABLE 2 RECCOMMENDED L-PILE PARAMETERS Total Unit Effective Modulus of Subgrade Reaction, Undrained Shear Strain at 50% Approximate Approximate Weight, Unit Weight, Friction Angle, (D k Strength, S. Maximum Top Elevation Bottom Elevation USCS Geologic Soil y y' (degrees) (pci) (psf) Stress, 650 Static/Seismic Liquefied Static/Seismic Liquefied Static/Cyclic Location (Boring) (feet) I (feet) JClassification Unit Model (pet) (pci) Static/Uyclic Sand 13 3.5 ML to SM Ha, Hc, Hf 115 53 26 5 10 2 - (Reese/API) 3.5 -37 SM to SP-SM to Ha, He Sand 125 63 33 33 75 75 -- - Railroad Bridge, S. Abutment (MB-6) GP -GM (Reese/API) Stiff Clay -37 -117.8 SP to ML Qpnl without Free 130 68 -- -- 125 125 6000 0.010 Water Sand 14 -1 ML to SM Ha, Hc, Hf 115 53 26 26 10 10 -- -- (Reese/API) -1 -34 ML to SP-SM to Ha, He Sand 125 63 32 32 65 65 -- -- Railroad Bridge, N. Abutment (MB-7) GP -GM (Reese/API) Stiff Clay -34 -106 GP -GM to SM Qpnl without Free 130 68 -- -- 125 125 6000 0.010 Water Structural Fill/Ha, Sand 24 7 SM 115 53 34 34 60 60 -- -- Hc, Hf (Reese/API) Pedestrian Bridge (MB-8 [Mitigated Condition]) Sand 7 -2.5 ML to SM Hc, Qvro 125 63 36 36 80 80 -- (Reese/API) Notes: The ground surface elevations were estimated from file titled: 16-2604Topo 4-21-17.dwg Assume ground water table at ground surface pcf = pounds per cubic foot, pci = pounds per cubic food, psi = pounds per square inch, psf = pounds per square foot These parameters were developed using the subsurface conditions encountered in the project borings, published correlations, and engineering judgment. 21-1-21882-060 T2 - LPile Parameters " i9n 1 tM o. Li;nco a i,• t. 4. /n- a 4} / ejby.�a E ? t w �- �-Norma-Beach R?d Q a Fisher-,� Meadowdal Beach Park 68th St=SW •� t e 'J: Cl 761 51 S'A' • rn� . - zil _. > rn Dr- Q Co DIr �> CC) '. 1 _• < _6••t4tn st s Main-s/, ' "208th St�SW :�� 1 at�h Dayton .St_ a ' N �, J �_ i! Y' 0 0 6owaorn is C � - T ' c -212th Sl-S G 1>1 < F L D o `v° _r1_ is , a;, ,i rn� 00 ee C;Ed,•.:. �,.1' r cD IIII� -- 228th-S Gy 00^. a R� c0 J � I• �fGc � - ��G it _� ti' - �i'1\ rnr„�Q - Dry-236th-St-SW* -i Mail lid 1 02 O N M N O N f0 w 3 A A' 40 40 M B-7 M B-6 CULVERT LOCATION (Proj. 1' E) (Proj. 1' W) 20 20 S&W BORING LOG LEGEND f s I4 MB-7 Boring Designation Q I9 (Proj. 1' E) Projection (Distance and Direction) Hf, Ha/He Upper . I2 I 1 Ground Surface 0 � � 0 ; 26 •. 124 123 ` •. : 12s I22 I 5 Sample Penetration Test in Blows/Foot 145 = 50/3" or Blows/Foot Driven 135 I18 Approximate - Water Level Water Level o I23 During Drilling -20 - 2e 26 i 14 -20 162 •, 125 Ha/Hc Lower I39 -- < 132 121 x M = 10016 cD < -40 - � ? 59 -40 162 0 0 S 5016 177 (D CD o 132 (p 170 ? x Ise Geologic Unit USCS Symbol I e1 � -60 — -60 ? ? Approximate Geologic Contact 123 o 176 Qpnf and Qpnl i I91 Bottom of Boring ' 192 06-19-13 Date of Completion a = 5ols 190 170 -80 K91 -80 164 176 S 5016 15016 o S 5016 15014 = 5015 -100 I =50/6 -100 0 20 40 = 5015.5 = 5014 04-21-17 Scale in Feet o = 5015 5014.5 Meadowdale Beach -120 - 04-14-17 - -120 Park and Estuary Restoration Snohomish County, Washington -130 -, - -130 GENERALIZED SUBSURFACE 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 170 PROFILE A -A' Distance (feet) February 2018 21-1-22288-060 (���SI-�ivtvVU�I►v F 1 G. 4 w 0) West 30 F-- 10 0 BNSF No -Drill Zone M1 B' 4 Ft. 5° Zone 2 Zone 1 IZone 4 4Zone 3 I I i 0+10 0+20 0+30 0+40 0+50 0+60 0+70 ZONE 1 0-4 ft. Light Brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Gravel (SP); moist; medium to fine sand; fine gravel; Holocene Fill (Hf) Smooth drill action. ZONE 2 4-19 ft. Light Brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Gravel (SP); moist; medium to find Sand; fine to coarse gravel; Holocene Fill (Hf) Smooth drill action. Increasing gravel content. ZONE 3 19-34 ft. Light Brown, Poorly Graded Gravel with Sand, (GP); moist; coarse to fine gravel; medium to fine Sand; Holocene Fill (Hf) Slightly rough drill action. Some rig chatter. ZONE 4 34-37 ft. Light Brown, Poorly Graded Gravel with Sand (GP); moist; coarse to fine gravel; medium to fine sand; Holocene Fill (Hf) Rough drill action. Slower advance rate and rig chatter. 0 10 20 Scale in Feet 0+g0 LEGEND Sand with Gravel Gravel with Sand East ­1 30 m am u_ 20 0 m w 10 0+g0 1+00 NOTE Figure adapted from client file, 16-2604Topo_4-21-17.dwg, dated 4-21-17. Transect 1 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly Distance (ft) Zone of boulders and gravels GPR anomaly 0ftN 20ftN 40ftN �'60 ftN �80ftN 100ftN,� `�� 120ftN ��`� �- 140ftN 160ftN 180ftN 200ftN 220ftN 240ftN 260ftN 280ftN 300ft 0ft 10 ft' CL �.. - - " ❑ 20ft ;i;.;: ��.f•�...�..�. •�-,•-..1.:i-- .' ♦w •f •• -<.r t• !•-# f f�• r ' -OMM- �101A►i�l. J•tl•:�'l �Y�r e.aa. p�rsll•s♦ t•��_. .- . i. ,• -. ••.••� 1• ►i1li •--- •-........'.- J�- `•!•••�.ei # \�..>• � ��,•f., �.i + t±k aa� .•aas+�VIt:6* kl.sa - sfi.�> ti. tf�`. -.3. ? 30 ft .i+sa�t _ , �aca4... �.ra> �. I-= - R _. i•,''�`� Bottom of fill? Transect 2 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly Distance ft O GPR GPR anomaly anomaly y GPR anomaly, OftN 20ftf�1� 40fi�1 60ftN 80ftN 100ftN 120ft1�J \ 140ftN 160ftN 180ftN ;.,200ftN 220ftN 240ftN 260ftN �\ 280ftN'�, 300ft Oft _ ti - ice-. Q • �i�.I ��. _ _ - �`-:: ' - - --- " -_: � - - - __ •./� �'V��� _ _- . _ - - _ - - -- - �'+' ,� r v���! • .1r.',' �� • -'• s = �.�"� - .:•::: � - 0 20ft � -- _ . . -_ . -, . _ -- . -- _ - -- .. :::• _ _ • , , - *l a Rr s-rahi: sis!' 4i of . . 30 ft Transect 3 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly \ GPR anomaly Distance (ft) GPR anomaly Bottom of fill? 0ftN 20ftN 40ftN ��6 ftN\ 80ftN 100ftN 120ft_N-- 140ftN 160ftN ����'���-1:80ftN 200ftN 220ftN 240ftN 260ftN 280ftN 300ft 0 ft -- - - - - -- - - `~10 _ _ _ '- __' ~ �- - ° - �./! - =vim -_- -� .+�r�r•r. �- = -.+ - �� _ _ ti^`� -� - �`+•_�_ - _ _ •^ -_ z -. - �.��-- .. - O-' -'.. r.-,�_ ! _ ' .� �. _ - .-. `.'. - . ^- . r. ^. it -+. -. _ _ - - ft - ""-� "^.- �:�•�� �:'��'' "' 0 2aft Zone of coarse materials, = _ - _ �:. �.. i i l,' -`— _'` =�-' - - such as boulders and gravels V ` ���r.•��•`+ir w .- ` Mi • a+ .ter _ - — w '' 30 ft- •." *•o-'N'.a. - _ ♦ - r �'-�� - • s'' ti x -r•ra _'f►3 .:+. - ,..., GPR anomal GPR anomaly GPR anomal Transecty 4 Y GPR anomaly Distance ft GPR anomaly , P O � Y Bottom of fill? 0ftN 20ftN, ���A 40ftN /I� 60ftN� 80ftN 10 ftN 120ftN 140ftN 160ftN • �_180ftN 200ftN 220ftN 240ftN 260ftN 280ftN 300ft /' U----- L 0 ft - - ��- HB-1 10 ft - ❑ 20ft ' • -_ - � - "_ - _ - . �� _ ;ter - _ __ �_-.... _ _•`._ �. � - _:_ _ : Meadowdale Beach 0 20 40 Park and Estuary Restoration Project Snohomish County, Washington Approximate Scale in Feet GPR PROFILES WITH NOTES LEGEND HORIZONTAL BORING LOCATION 1. Location of horizontal boring scaled from field measurements. HB-1 Q Horizontal Boring Designation February 2018 21-1-22288-060 2. Figure adapted from Global Geophysics, 2017b. and Approximate Location J�9I-X4N0hI&WL9MlI� FIG.6 3 a� 0 a` T N N a N N C m U- 0 co 00 N N O ID co co N I Transect 2 Distance (ft) 0 ft 20 ft 40 ft 60 ft 80 ft 100 ft 120 ft 140 ft 160 ft 180 ft 200 ft 220 ft 240 ft 260 ft 280 ft 300 20ft 10ft - 0 ft �. -� - : -10 ft -20 ft-� Transect 4 Distance (ft) 0 ft 20 ft 40 ft 60 ft 80 ft 100 ft 120 ft 140 ft 160 ft 180 ft 200 ft 220 ft 240 ft 260 ft 280 ft 300 20ft 1 ~ mil-�' — _ --------- �L-_ oft ": - 16 _ _ ' LU -20 ft E E E E E E E E E E � t t E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E O O O L O L L L L L L O O O O O O E E E E v M� � 0 oo M 0 0 M 0 0 � O O O O O J- J- L s O O O O O�� M N 0 1- M (O O O N M O � 0 O M � 0 M N N N W f`-w W W V N O O r- O 0 0 � N 0 M N � Meadowdale Beach 0 20 40 Park and Estuary Restoration Project Snohomish County, Washington Approximate Scale in Feet INVERTED RESISTIVITY PROFILES NOTES WITH HORIZONTAL BORING 1. Location of horizontal boring scaled from field measurements. LEGEND LOCATION HB-1 Q Horizontal Boring Designation February 2018 21-1-22288-060 2. Figure adapted from Global Geophysics, 2017b. and Approximate Location FEUISHMNON&WILREKINARM FIG. 7 2/14/2018-MB-6_with_RR_emabnkment_fill_unplugged_TJS FINAL 14FEB2018 mfc/ ASSUMED SUBSURFACE STATIC CASE SEISMIC CASE PROFILE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 o' 0 0 ! 6' Ultimate ate Side 10 — Ultimate Side Assumed Liquefied Z one q _...._...._... ----- 11.5' ---- Ultimate Base--- I I Ultimate Base 20 Allowable Total (Compression) ----- ---------T-------- 20 ____________- Allowable Total (Compression) .............. Allowable Total (Uplift) I I �> Allowable Total (Uplift) is I I 1$ I I I I I I I I I 40 1......_......_.._._._._. !._. _. 40 _...--.._.._..._..._..._.+_..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..._..._......_..._..------- -------.-.._...-------------------- ! I I I a� I ! Assumed I ue le Zone q I I I I 50, v 50_. _. _ _.-.-.-.- _- _. _. _._.._.._._._._._. LU o 60 --- ------ ---T a 60 Add Downdrag Loads to Other Foundation Loads a 1-.....- T T _ 1 w1 w 1 (see Seismic Case Note 3) J 1 a 70 1 1 _- -.- -.-. -- -.-.-. --.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.+ .-.-.-.-..----I----------4---------- a 70 - - 1 ` j II II j 1 1 I I.-.-.-.-.-—.-.-.-.- 80--- ---------- - - - - - - - - ------------------- --------- 1 1 ! � II II I 1 II II I 90 1 _....._....._ ................................i............_..._._._._._._._.I-.-.-.-.-.-.-.+.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.--.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. 90 -1 1 ...._. _.._..----------4------------------------------�--------- I I I I 100 ` 1------------------ _._._ _ _....._ _._._--.-.-.-.-.--<-.I .-.-.... I- T 100 r- - -- —` — -- --------- -- I-------- ----I- -------- - - r S - -- -- - -- 1 1 1 ` I 1 1 — r- -- - - — -- -- -- -- -- --- �. _ ` 1 ` 1 120 1 ' I -- - - I - 120 F -- - - - - - i - 1 130 130 STATIC CASE NOTES: SEISMIC CASE NOTES: 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 pplied for Allowable Total (Compression) 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression). 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 3. Ultimate downdrag force is estimated to be 30 tons. Downdrag force is recommended to be applied with post -earthquake loading. GENERAL NOTES Meadowdale Beach 1. The analyses were performed based on guidelines included in AREMA and local experience. The analyses are based on a single pile and do not consider group Park and Estuarty Restoration Project action of closely spaced piles (closer than 2.5 diameters, center to center). Snohomish County, WA 2. Allowable total pile capacity shown on plots is determined by adding its ultimate side and base resistances dividing by the appropriate factors of safety as noted above. ESTIMATED AXIAL PILE CAPACITY HP 14x89 DRIVEN PILE MB-6 February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. 8 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Railroad Embankment Fill Loose Alluvium Medium Dense Alluvium Whidbey Formation 2/15/2018-MB-7_with_RR_Emban kment_ fill_unplugged_liquefiable_TJS FINAL 14FEB2018 mfc/F ASSUMED SUBSURFACE PROFILE 0' 6' 21' 54' 83' Railroad Embankment Fill Loose Alluvium Medium Dense Alluvium Dense to Very Dense Alluvium Very Dense Whidbey Formation Boring Extends to 122.0 feet 17 STATIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 10 20 30 40 50 x IL IL w 60 a F- LU a 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 - Ultimate Side ---- Ultimate Base - ------------ - Allowable Total (Compression) ` t---- — ---- -- --- - Allowable Total (Uplift) P III I I - -ii- ---- - - -- - 1 I 1 1 -- i it i 1-- -- - -- -ill - -- -- --- - t 1 ! I I 1 II � ` � II 1 ;.-.-.-._.._.._....-ii--- I ------ ----- I --------------------------------- I I 1 I `I 1 I II II ----------------_..-- ----------- �---------------- L--------- L 1 1 I I I � II II 1 1 I I SEISMIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 10 20 30 40 w x 50 H a w a 60 H w a 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 ........... _... _.+_ ... _... _ ---- Assumed Liquefied Zone Ultimate Side - Ultimate Base Allowable Total (Compression) Allowable Total (Uplift) ......... Add Downdrag Loads to Other Foundation Loads (see Seismic Case Note 3) STATIC CASE NOTES: SEISMIC CASE NOTES: 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression) 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression) 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 3. Ultimate downdrag force is estimated to be 40 tons. Downdrag force is recommended to be applied with post -earthquake loading. GENERAL NOTES Meadowdale Beach 1. The analyses were performed based on guidelines included in AREMA and local experience. The analyses are based on a single pile and do not consider group Park and Estuarty Restoration Project action of closely spaced piles (closer than 2.5 diameters, center to center). Snohomish County, WA 2. Allowable total pile capacity shown on plots is determined by adding its ultimate side and base resistances divided by the appropriate factors of safety as noted above. ESTIMATED AXIAL PILE CAPACITY W w 0 0 0 m 0 Existing Railroad Tracks —\ H=10 D, = 15 D2 = 25 NOTES �-33 D2--�--29 Dj--� 1 300 D2 } 360 DZ---� Active Passive Recommended Earth Pressures for Sheet Pile Wall Not to Scale 1. All earth pressures are in units of pounds per square foot. 2. Wall embedment (D) should consider kickout resistance. Embedment should be determined by satisfying horizontal static equilibrium about the bottom of the pile. Minimum recommended embedment is 10 feet below bottom of excavation. 3. The recommended pressure diagrams are based on a continuous wall system. 4. Pressures assume that there is no difference in water levels on either side of the wall. 5. Passive pressures shown above include a factor -of -safety of 2.0. 6. Cooper E 80 surcharge q= 1880 psf, See Figure 11. 7. The pressure diagrams are based on a continuous wall system. If soldier piles with laggings are used, apply active pressure over the width of the soldier piles below the bottom of the excavation and apply passive resistance over three times the diameter of the piles or the spacing of the piles, whichever is smaller. LEGEND H = Exposed Wall Height (10 Ft. Maximum) Di = Thickness of Hf (15 Ft. Maximum) D2 = Thickness of He (25 Ft. Maximum) 8. Design lagging for 50% of lateral earth, seismic, and surcharge pressures. T 0 Q 0 N N 0 0 z=nH H Bottom of Excavation ix=mH QP ELEVATION VIEW Point Load in Pounds (see Note 3) GH (psf) 6H = Lateral Pressure For m <_ 0.4: 6H = 0.28 P n z H2 (0.16 + n2)3 (psf) (see Note 3) Q mznz Form > 0.4: 6H = 1.77 H2 (m2 + n2)3 (psf) iin Dot 3) ELEVATION VIEW For m <_ 0.4: 6H = 0.20 Qi n 2 2 (psf) (see Note 3) H (0.16 + n ) z For m > 0.4: GH = 1.28 �� m n (psf) H (mz + nz)z B) LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO LINE LOAD i.e. NARROW CONTINUOUS FOOTING PARALLEL TO WALL (NAVFAC DM 7.02, 1986) Bottom of Excavation W Earth rH Berm Note: W < 33' Hs < 15 Feet y = Unit Weight cu of Earth Berm EARTH BERM (K)(y)(Hs) = 2 (see Note 4) 0.0 - 0.5 - m N 0 m 1.0- LL a m 0 1.5- 2.0 - IP, Influence Factor 0.5 1.0 L 2B=05 L =0.25 L = 1 2B 2B L=� 2B Lateral Footing Pressure on Wall off = 2(lp) qs cu Bearing Pressure Wall Line qs V2 2 B FCYH z E) LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO ADJACENT FOOTING (see Notes 5 and 6) �s (psf) (derived from NAVFAC DM 7.02, 1986; and Sandhu, Earth Pressure on Walls Due to Surcharge, 1974) 1. Figures are not drawn to scale. 2. Applicable surcharge pressures should be added to appropriate permanent wall lateral Point Load Bearing earth and water pressure. in Pounds Pressure 3. If point or line loads are close to the back of q (psf) the wall such that m <_ 0.4, it may be more appropriate to model the actual load Q E7aH = (K)qs (see Note 4) distribution (i.e., Detail E) or use more P , rigorous analysis methods. 0 a Bottom of 4. See text for recommended K values. Excavation `6 5. The stress is estimated on the back of the wall at the center of the length, L, of loading. UNIFORM SURCHARGE 6,H 6. The estimated stress is based on a Poisson's ratio of 0.5. i = GH COS (1.10) (psf) A) LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO POINT LOAD i.e. SMALL ISOLATED FOOTING OR WHEEL LOAD (NAVFAC DM 7.2, 1986) in radians GH = �p ((3 - sin R cos2a) (psf) C) LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO STRIP LOAD (derived from Fang, Foundation Engineering Handbook, 1991) D) LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO EARTH BERM OR UNIFORM SURCHARGE (derived from Poulos and Davis, Elastic Solutions for Soil and Rock Mechanics, 1974; and Terzaghi and Peck, Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, 1967) 2/16/2018-MB-8_2 inch diameter_unplugged_TJS FINAL 14FEB2018 mfc ASSUMED SUBSURFACE PROFILE 0' 7' 17' Structural Fill Soft to stiff Alluvium/Colluvium Medium Dense Colluvium/Whidbey Formation Boring Extends to 26.S feet STATIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 m JT 10 F- 0- w a 12 H w J_ a 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 Ultimate Side -- Ultimate Base Allowable Total (Compression) .............»>,. Allowable Total (Uplift) 1 1 1 1 1 1 SEISMIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 d = 10 H a w a 12 P w J a 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 ' 1 1 1 Ultimate Side -- Ultimate Base Allowable Total (Compression) Allowable Total (Uplift) Add Downdrag Loads to Other Foundation Loads (see Seismic Case Note 3) STATIC CASE NOTES: SEISMIC CASE NOTES: 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression) 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression). 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 3. Ultimate downdrag force is estimated to be 0 tons. Downdrag force is recommended to be applied with post -earthquake loading. GENERAL NOTES Meadowdale Beach 1. Estimated axial capacities are based on a single pile and do not consider group action of closely spaced piles (closer than 2.5 diameters, center to center). Park and Estuary Restoration Project Snohomish County, WA 2. Allowable total pile capacity shown on plots is determined by adding its ultimate side and base resistances dividing by the appropriate factors of safety as noted above. ESTIMATED AXIAL PILE CAPACITY 2/16/2018-MB-8_4 inch diameter_unplugged_TJS FINAL 14FEB2018 mfc ASSUMED SUBSURFACE PROFILE 0' 7' 17' Structural Fill Soft to stiff Alluvium/Colluvium Medium Dense Colluvium/Whidbey Formation s STATIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 JT 10 0- a w r7 a 12 w a 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 I I I I — Ultimate Side ... ......_.------- . ----------------- ...... ..................... I I I I Ultimate Base 1 Allowable Total (Compression) 1 1 I ..... Allowable Total (Uplift) ''1 ...{...............................1......._._._..—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—._.._._._..._................ 1 i ............ ..................... ................................................................................................................................................... >' 1 ......�.......... ........_I........_.—.—. 1 ! 1 1 i i 1 I i i I i i 1 1 1 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! L I I I •• • •.16 I • .................... _...._.-.-.-..._. ! �— _._._._._._._._._._.I ._._. r-------�---- •�._._._._._._..-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. 1 r I I I 1 I I I 1 I 7 I I I I 1 I --------- - 1 SEISMIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 � 8 = 10 H a w a 12 P w a 14 16 18 20 22 24 9R — Ultimate Side -- -- -- Ultimate Base 1 I ! Allowable Total (Compression) I i 1 ! � Allowable Total (Uplift) 1 1 II I 1 r..._.._.._._.;I-----------+----------------- ! I 1 ! I 1 I 1 ! I II — Add Downdrag Loads to Other I— I - -- --- ----- - 1 Foundation Loads 1 (see Seismic Case Note 3) 1 � ! --� -- — !-- — — — -- -- ! — — -- -- — i I1 1 II 1 ---------- 7------------ ----------- 1 I II ''' �.•, ` .—.—------------4—.----------- ----------- III •••••�'•_ i I 1 i I I I 1 I I I I I I 1 I I III I j I I 1 1 I j I i 1 I I 1 I 1 ! ! STATIC CASE NOTES: SEISMIC CASE NOTES: 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression) 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression). 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 3. Ultimate downdrag force is estimated to be 0 tons. Downdrag force is recommended to be applied with post -earthquake loading. GENERAL NOTES Meadowdale Beach 1. Estimated capacities are based on a single pile and do not consider group action of closely spaced piles (closer than 2.5 diameters, center to center). Park and Estuary Restoration Project Snohomish County, WA 2. Allowable total pile capacity shown on plots is determined by adding its ultimate side and base resistances dividing by the appropriate factors of safety as noted above. ESTIMATED AXIAL PILE CAPACITY 2/16/2018-MB-8_6 inch diameter_unplugged_TJS FINAL 14FEB2018 mfc ASSUMED SUBSURFACE PROFILE 0' 7' 17' Structural Fill Soft to stiff Alluvium/Colluvium Medium Dense Colluvium/Whidbey Formation s STATIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 2 4 6 8 JT 10 0- a W a 12 H W a 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 ! I I I - Ultimate Side ............................................. ....... .—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—...—.—._........... ..................... I I - Ultimate Base 1 Allowable Total (Compression) 1 I I """"""""" Allowable Total (Uplift) x�.......................................1............._..- -.-.-.-.-.-------------- ._._._..._............................ ..................... ................................................. .........................:......................................................................... 1 ! ! ! I I I I I I 1 r.....................1.............. 1 1 _..i I i I i I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I i !_.......--- --------------- -- - - - - - - -----4------------ ------------ 1 1 I I I I I I I I I .....1.................. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.--- .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-._._..------------ .r._._._._._._._._._._._. 1 ! I ! I ! ! I I ._._.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.- —.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.-.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—. _...._... _... _... _... _..._... _.------ I -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. I II I I 1! .. ..... ..... .._... _ _..._...- -------- I` -.-.-.-.-.-.-._. I .-.-.-...� .-..._... ......... I r----------- I II I` I I 1 1 I I I II I - ----- ---- --- l SEISMIC CASE AXIAL CAPACITY (tons) 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 2 4 6 8 d = 10 H a W a 12 P W a 14 16 18 20 22 24 9S Ultimate Side -- Ultimate Base Allowable Total (Compression) 1 I - -- 1 � II 1 ----------4------------ ►----------4 I ! I I I 1! 11 11 I I III I I I 11 I I I 11 I I 11 I li I I 1! Ij STATIC CASE NOTES: SEISMIC CASE NOTES: 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression) 1. Factor of Safety of 2.0 applied for Allowable Total (Compression). 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 2. Factor of Safety of 3.0 applied for Allowable Total (Uplift) 3. Ultimate downdrag force is estimated to be 0 tons. Downdrag force is recommended to be applied with post -earthquake loading. GENERAL NOTES Meadowdale Beach 1. Estimated capacities are based on a single pile and do not consider group action of closely spaced piles (closer than 2.5 diameters, center to center). Park and Estuary Restoration Project Snohomish County, WA 2. Allowable total pile capacity shown on plots is determined by adding its ultimate side and base resistances dividing by the appropriate factors of safety as noted above. ESTIMATED AXIAL PILE CAPACITY SHANNON MLSON, INC. APPENDIX A SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON MLSON, INC. APPENDIX A SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page A.1 GENERAL...................................................................................................................... A-1 A.2 SOIL SAMPLING AND CLASSIFICATION............................................................... A-1 A.3 DRILLING MOBILIZATIONS..................................................................................... A-2 A.3.1 Access Road Borings........................................................................................ A-2 A.3.2 Bridge Borings.................................................................................................. A-2 A.3.3 Infiltration Potential Hand Borings.................................................................. A-3 A.3.4 Embankment Boring......................................................................................... A-3 A.4 TEST PIT EXCAVATION............................................................................................. A-3 A.5 REFERENCE.................................................................................................................. A-4 FIGURES A-] Soil Description and Log Key (3 sheets) A-2 Log of Boring MB-1 (2 sheets) A-3 Log of Boring MB-2 (2 sheets) A-4 Log of Boring MB-3 (3 sheets) A-5 Log of Boring MB-4 (3 sheets) A-6 Log of Boring MB-5 (2 sheets) A-7 Log of Boring MB-6 (5 sheets) A-8 Log of Boring MB-7 (4 sheets) A-9 Log of Boring MB-8 (2 sheets) A-10 Log of Boring HB-1 A-11 Log of Boring HB-2 A-12 Log of Test Pit TP-1 A-13 Log of Test Pit TP-2 A-14 Log of Test Pit TP-3 A-15 Log of Test Pit TP-B A-16 Log of Test Pit TP-RE-1 21-1-22288-060-xif aarev/wp/aya 21-1-22288-060 A-i SHANNON MLSON, INC. APPENDIX A SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS A.1 GENERAL The subsurface exploration program consisted of drilling and sampling ten borings between November 21 and June 25, 2017. The soil borings were completed in separate mobilization efforts and will be discussed as such in the following sections: ■ Access road borings included five soil borings along the access road. These borings, designated MB-1 through MB-5, extended to depths of 40 to 60 feet. ■ Bridge borings included two soil borings near the proposed railroad bridge abutments and one soil boring near the proposed pedestrian bridge. These borings are designated as MB-6 through MB-8. Infiltration design borings included two shallow hand borings, designated HB-1 and HB-2. Locations of completed explorations are shown in Figure 2. Figure A-1 presents a key to our classification of the soils encountered in the explorations. The soil boring logs are presented as Figures A-2 through A-11. TP logs A-12 through A-16. A.2 SOIL SAMPLING AND CLASSIFICATION We collected disturbed soil samples with a split -spoon sampler and performed Standard Penetration Testing (SPT) in accordance with ASTM Designation: D1586, Standard Test Method for Standard Penetration Test and Split -barrel Sampling of Soils (ASTM, 2014). The SPT consists of a 2-inch-outside-diameter, 1.375-inch-inside-diameter, split -spoon sampler driven 18 inches into the bottom of the borehole with a 140-pound hammer free -falling 30 inches. The number of blows required to penetrate the final 12 inches is termed the Standard Penetration Resistance (N-value). The field N-values are plotted in the boring logs. These values provide an empirical means for evaluating the relative density of granular soil and the relative consistency (stiffness) of cohesive soil. Figure A-1 shows the relative density or consistency as it relates to the SPT N-value. We performed SPTs at 2.5-foot intervals to a depth of 20 feet and then at 5-foot intervals thereafter. The Shannon & Wilson field representative described each sample in the field and 21-1-22288-060-R1 f-AArev/wp/aya 21-1-22288-060 A-1 SHANNON MLSON, INC. sealed the samples in plastic jars to preserve moisture. We stored the sample jars in boxes and returned them to our laboratory for further analyses and testing. Sample depth intervals are shown in the boring logs. We collected grab samples at select depths in borings HB-1 and H-2 and at test pits TP-1 and TP-2. Grab samples were collected directly from the auger head or the excavator bucket. We visually classified soils in the field and stored grab samples in plastic jars or plastic bags to preserve moisture for laboratory analyses and testing. Sample depths are shown in boring and test pits logs. A Shannon & Wilson representative logged each field exploration, observed the drilling and sampling operations, retrieved representative soil samples for laboratory testing, and prepared descriptive field logs of the borings and test pits. Representative soil samples collected were taken to our laboratory in Seattle, Washington, for analysis. Soil samples were classified using the method described in ASTM Designations D2487, Standard Test Method for Classification of Soil for Engineering Purposes, and D2488, Standard Recommended Practice for Description of Soils (Visual -Manual Procedure). These standards use the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). This classification system is summarized in graphical form in Figure A-1 (Sheet 2). A.3 DRILLING MOBILIZATIONS A.3.1 Access Road Borings Cascade Drilling completed five soil borings using hollow -stem auger (HSA) drilling techniques. HSA drilling consists of advancing a 12-inch-diameter, continuous flight auger with hollow stem to facilitate sampling at specified depths. Cascade Drilling collected cuttings in 55-gallon drums and disposed of them at a licensed facility. Borings were backfilled with bentonite chips. A.3.2 Bridge Borings Holt Services, Inc. (Holt) completed three soil borings using mud rotary and HSA drilling techniques at borings M13-6 through M13-8. For boring M13-6, Holt used mud rotary drilling techniques with a 4%8-inch-diameter drill bit to 55 feet, then switched over to a 3%8-inch-diameter drill bit once finer -grained, glacially overridden soils were encountered for the remainder of the boring. For boring M13-7, Holt started with a 6-inch-diameter HSA to 40 feet, then switched over to mud rotary drilling techniques with a 5%8-inch-diameter drill bit for the remainder of the boring. Drilling in gravelly soils in the upper 50 feet at MB-6 and 75 feet at M13-7, as well as 21-1-22288-060-x1t=aarev/wp/aya 21-1-22288-060 A-2 SHANNON MLSON, INC. caving or collapsing of the borehole, was problematic at these locations. Boring MB-6 was backfilled with bentonite chips from 37 feet, the depth of borehole collapse. Boring MB-7 was backfilled with bentonite chips from 110 feet, the depth of borehole collapse. Holt drilled MB-8 to 25 feet and backfilled with bentonite chips. Holt collected cuttings in 55-gallon drums and disposed of them at a licensed facility. A.3.3 Infiltration Potential Hand Borings Infiltration potential hand borings designated HB-1 and HB-2 were completed by Shannon & Wilson staff. Shannon & Wilson staff augered to 10 and 6.5 feet at HB-1 and HB-2, respectively, using a 4-inch-diameter auger. Wells were installed in these borings to measure water levels at these locations for use in evaluating infiltration potential as part of evaluating on -site stormwater infiltration feasibility. The upper 1 to 1.5 feet of the well was sealed with bentonite and the bottom foot of the well was screened. A 6-inch-diameter irrigation box seals the well cover at or near grade and the well remains in place for future readings. Cuttings from the hand borings were spread out on site. A.3.4 Embankment Boring Kulchin Foundation Drilling Company (Kulchin) completed a single sub -horizontal (5-degree declination) exploratory boring using air -rotary techniques. As requested by BNSF, the boring was sited to maintain a 4-foot vertical clearance below the bottom of tie. Kulchin advanced the boring using a Davey Drill and Sullair 900 compressor advancing a 7-inch- outside-diameter drag bit through a cased hole. Shannon & Wilson collected samples of drill cuttings throughout the exploration for field classification. The exploration was advanced 37 feet from the entry point. The final exploration depth had been predetermined to stop about 2.5 feet beyond the Main 1 end of tie to avoid exiting the embankment through the existing riprap slope protection. Spoils from drilling were spread onsite and the hole was backfilled using neat cement grout. A.4 TEST PIT EXCAVATION Five test pits (TPs), designated TP-1 through TP-3, TP-RE-1, and TP-B, were excavated at the site to provide subsurface information for proposed restroom enclosure and evaluate the presence of construction debris. The test pit logs are presented as Figures A-12 through A-16. Exploration was performed in June 2017 by Clearcreek Contractors, Inc. under subcontract to Shannon & Wilson. The test pits were excavated with a JD-50 mini -excavator. 21-1-22288-060-R1 f-AArev/wp/aya 21-1-22288-060 A-3 SHANNON MLSON, INC. The relative density of the exposed soils in TP-RE-1 was estimated based on probing the bottom of the pit with a 1/2-inch-diameter steel bar and by evaluating the ease or difficulty of the excavation. Representative samples were collected in jars and bags, then were returned to our laboratory for testing. Following completion of the test pits, the excavated soils were placed back into the excavations in lifts tamped with the excavator bucket. The enclosed Test Pit Logs are written records of the subsurface conditions encountered. The logs graphically illustrate the geologic units (layers) encountered in the test pits and the USCS symbol of each geologic layer. The logs also include estimated soil density, water seepage, and construction debris where observed. Other information shown in the test pit logs includes a plot of soil sample depth, moisture content (where tested), and approximate ground surface elevation. A.5 REFERENCE ASTM International (ASTM), 2014, Annual book of standards, Construction v. 04.08, Soil and rock (I): D420 — D5876: West Conshohocken, Penn., ASTM International, I v., available: www.astm.org. 21-1-22288-060-R1 f-AArev/wp/aya 21-1-22288-060 A-4 PARTICLE SIZE DEFINITIONS Shannon & Wilson, Inc. (S& W), uses a soil identification system modified from the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). Elements of the USCS and other definitions are provided on this and the following pages. Soil descriptions are based on visual -manual procedures (ASTM D2488) and laboratory testing procedures (ASTM D2487), if performed. S&W INORGANIC SOIL CONSTITUENT DEFINITIONS CONSTITUENT 2 FINE-GRAINED SOILS (50%or more fines)' COARSE -GRAINED SOILS less than 50 /o fines Silt, Lean Clay, Major Elastic Silt or Sand or Grave l4 Fat Clay Modifying (Secondary) 30% or more More than 12% Precedes major coarse -grained: fine-grained: constituent Sandy or Gravelly' Silty or Clayey' 15% to 30% 5% to 12% coarse -grained: fine-grained: Minor with Sand or with Silt or with C1aLr'_ Follows major _ _with_Gr_av_e14 _ 30 /0 or more total _ _ _ constituent coarse -grained and 15% or more of a lesser coarse- second coarse - grained constituent grained constituent: is 15% or more: with Sand or with Sand or with Gravels With Gravels 'All percentages are by weight of total specimen passing a 3-inch sieve. 2The order of terms is: Modifying Major with Minor. 3Determined based on behavior. 'Determined based on which constituent comprises a larger percentage. 'Whichever is the lesser constituent. MOISTURE CONTENT TERMS Dry Absence of moisture, dusty, dry to the touch Moist Damp but no visible water Wet Visible free water, from below water table STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT) SPECIFICATIONS Hammer: 140 pounds with a 30-inch free fall. Rope on 6- to 10-inch-diam. cathead 2-1/4 rope turns, > 100 rpm NOTE: If automatic hammers are used, blow counts shown on boring logs should be adjusted to account for efficiency of hammer. Sampler: 10 to 30 inches long Shoe I.D. = 1.375 inches Barrel I.D. = 1.5 inches Barrel O.D. = 2 inches N-Value: Sum blow counts for second and third 6-inch increments. Refusal: 50 blows for 6 inches or less; 10 blows for 0 inches. NOTE: Penetration resistances (N-values) shown on boring logs are as recorded in the field and have not been corrected for hammer efficiency, overburden, or other factors. DESCRIPTION SIEVE NUMBER AND/OR APPROXIMATE SIZE FINES < #200 (0.075 mm = 0.003 in.) SAND Fine #200 to #40 (0.075 to 0.4 mm; 0.003 to 0.02 in.) Medium #40 to #10 (0.4 to 2 mm; 0.02 to 0.08 in.) Coarse #10 to #4 (2 to 4.75 mm; 0.08 to 0.187 in.) GRAVEL Fine #4 to 3/4 in. (4.75 to 19 mm; 0.187 to 0.75 in.) Coarse 3/4 to 3 in. (19 to 76 mm) COBBLES 3 to 12 in. (76 to 305 mm) BOULDERS > 12 in. (305 mm) RELATIVE DENSITY / CONSISTENCY COHESIONLESS SOILS COHESIVE SOILS N, SPT, RELATIVE N, SPT, RELATIVE BLOWS/FT. DENSITY BLOWS/FT. CONSISTENCY < 2 Very soft < 4 Very loose 4-10 Loose 2-4 Soft 10-30 Medium dense 4-8 Medium stiff 30-50 Dense 8 - 15 Stiff > 50 Very dense 15 - 30 Very stiff > 30 Hard WELL AND BACKFILL SYMBOLS umBentonite Cement Grout %;�v; % ' % Surface Cement Seal M1 Bentonite Grout Asphalt or Cap EM Bentonite Chips Slough Silica Sand Inclinometer or Non -perforated Casing Perforated or Screened Casing m Vibrating Wire Piezometer PERCENTAGES TERMS'' z Trace < 5% Few 5 to 10% Little 15 to 25% Some 30 to 45% Mostly 50 to 100% 'Gravel, sand, and fines estimated by mass. Other constituents, such as organics, cobbles, and boulders, estimated by volume. 2Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM D2488 - 09a Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual -Manual Procedure), copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be obtained from ASTM International, www.astm.org. UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (USCS) (Modified From USACE Tech Memo 3-357, ASTM D2487, and ASTM D2488) MAJOR DIVISIONS GROUP/GRAPHIC SYMBOL TYPICAL IDENTIFICATIONS GW I'w * 60 Well -Graded Gravel; Well -Graded Gravel with Sand Gravel GP o C�° Poorly Graded Gravel; Poorly Graded Gravels (less than 5% fines) (more than 50% o p Gravel with Sand of coarse fraction retained on No. 4 sieve) Silty or Clayey GM ' Silt Gravel; Silt Gravel with Sand y y Gravel GC Clayey Gravel; Clayey Gravel with COARSE- (more 12% fine than GRAINED Sand SOILS (more than 50% retained on No. SW Well -Graded Sand; Well -Graded Sand 200 sieve) Sand with Gravel (less than 5% fines) SP Poorly Graded Sand; Poorly Graded Sands Sand with Gravel (50% or more of coarse fraction passes the No. 4 Silty or SM Silty Sand; Silty Sand with Gravel sieve Clayey Sand (more than 12% fines) SC Clayey Sand; Clayey Sand with Gravel ML Silt; Silt with Sand or Gravel; Sandy or Gravelly Silt Inorganic CL Lean Clay; Lean Clay with Sand or Silts and Clays (liquid limit less Gravel; Sandy or Gravelly Lean Clay than 50) Organic OL —= Organic Silt or Clay; Organic Silt or Clay with Sand or Gravel; Sandy or FINE-GRAINED SOILS — — — — — Gravelly Organic Silt or Clay (50% or more passes the 200 sieve)) MH Elastic Silt; Elastic Silt with Sand or Gravel; Sandy or Gravelly Elastic Silt Inorganic CH Fat Clay; Fat Clay with Sand or Gravel; Silts and Clays (liquid limit 50 or Sandy or Gravelly Fat Clay more) Organic Silt or Clay; Organic Silt or Organic OH / Clay with Sand or Gravel; Sandy or Gravelly Organic Silt or Clay HIGHLY - ORGANIC Primarily organic matter, dark in PT Peat or other highly organic soils (see SOILS color, and organic odor ASTM D4427) NOTE: No. 4 size = 4.75 mm = 0.187 in.; No. 200 size = 0.075 mm = 0.003 in. NOTES Dual symbols (symbols separated by a hyphen, i.e., SP-SM, Sand with Silt) are used for soils with between 5% and 12% fines or when the liquid limit and plasticity index values plot in the CL-ML area of the plasticity chart. Graphics shown on the logs for these soil types are a combination of the two graphic symbols (e.g., SP and SM). Borderline symbols (symbols separated by a slash, i.e., CUML, Lean Clay to Silt, SP-SM/SM, Sand with Silt to Silty Sand) indicate that the soil properties are close to the defining boundary between two groups. Poorly Graded Narrow range of grain sizes present or, within the range of grain sizes present, one or more sizes are missing (Gap Graded). Meets criteria in ASTM D2487, if tested. Well -Graded Full range and even distribution of grain sizes present. Meets criteria in ASTM D2487, if tested. CEMENTATION TERMS' Weak Crumbles or breaks with handling or slight finger pressure. Moderate Crumbles or breaks with considerable finger pressure. Strong Will not crumble or break with finger pressure. DESCRIPTION APPROX. PLASITICITY VISUAL -MANUAL CRITERIA INDEX RANGE Nonplastic A 1/8-in. thread cannot be rolled < 4 at any water content. Low A thread can barely be rolled and 4 to 10 a lump cannot be formed when drier than the plastic limit. Medium A thread is easy to roll and not 10 to 20 much time is required to reach the plastic limit. The thread cannot be rerolled after reaching the plastic limit. A lump crumbles when drier than the plastic limit. High It takes considerable time rolling > 20 and kneading to reach the plastic limit. A thread can be rerolled several times after reaching the plastic limit. A lump can be formed without crumbling when drier than the plastic limit. Mottled Irregular patches of different colors. Bioturbated Soil disturbance or mixing by plants or animals. Diamict Nonsorted sediment; sand and gravel in silt and/or clay matrix. Cuttings Material brought to surface by drilling. Slough Material that caved from sides of borehole. Sheared Disturbed texture, mix of strengths. Angular Sharp edges and unpolished planar surfaces. Subangular Similar to angular, but with rounded edges. Subrounded Nearly planar sides with well-rounded edges. Rounded Smoothly curved sides with no edges. Flat Width/thickness ratio > 3. Elongated Length/width ratio > 3. ATD At Time of Drilling Diam. Diameter Elev. Elevation ft. Feet FeO Iron Oxide gal. Gallons Horiz. Horizontal HSA Hollow Stem Auger I.D. Inside Diameter in. Inches lbs. Pounds MgO Magnesium Oxide mm Millimeter MnO Manganese Oxide NA Not Applicable or Not Available NP Nonplastic O.D. Outside Diameter OW Observation Well pcf Pounds per Cubic Foot PID Photo -Ionization Detector PMT Pressuremeter Test ppm Parts per Million psi Pounds per Square Inch PVC Polyvinyl Chloride rpm Rotations per Minute SPT Standard Penetration Test USCS Unified Soil Classification System q� Unconfined Compressive Strength VWP Vibrating Wire Piezometer Vert. Vertical WOH Weight of Hammer WOR Weight of Rods Wt. Weight Interbedded Alternating layers of varying material or color with layers at least 1/4-inch thick; singular: bed. Laminated Alternating layers of varying material or color with layers less than 1/4-inch thick; singular: lamination. Fissured Breaks along definite planes or fractures with little resistance. Slickensided Fracture planes appear polished or glossy; sometimes striated. Blocky Cohesive soil that can be broken down into small angular lumps that resist further breakdown. Lensed Inclusion of small pockets of different soils, such as small lenses of sand scattered through a mass of clay. Homogeneous Same color and appearance throughout. 'Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM D2488 - 09a Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual -Manual Procedure), copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be obtained from ASTM International, www.astm.org. 2Adapted, with permission, from ASTM D2488 - 09a Standard Practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual -Manual Procedure), copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be obtained from ASTM International, www.astm.org. Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Snohomish County, Washington SOIL DESCRIPTION AND LOG KEY February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Total Depth: 41.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 122.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 3 inches of Asphalt. 0.3 0.4 : 2 inches of Road Base. Dense, light gray -brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 5.0 5 Dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM) to Sandy 2� Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 3� 9.5 41 10 Dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; iron -oxide staining; blocky texture; scattered fine sand laminations. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 5� 6 I 15 17.0 7� Dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; iron -oxide staining; interbeds of sandy silt. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 19.5 $� 20 Dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace of 21.0 fine sand; nonplastic fines; fine sand laminations. Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) Dense to very dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); interbedded with Silt (ML); moist; fine 25 sand; nonplastic fines; trace organics and s� 63 pumice near base of unit. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 0...... 20.........40........60 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB- .1 1 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-2 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 2 67 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 41.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 122.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � (n (j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 X., ,0 65 35 . . . . . . . . . . . 38.0 X. Dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace fine sand; nonplastic fines; interbeds of fine sand. Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) 40 ,2I 41.5 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 11/21/2016 45 50 55 0 20 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB- .1 1 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-2 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 2 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 41.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 129.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 3 inches of Asphalt. 0.3 0.4 2 inches of Road Base. Medium dense to dense, light gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM) to Sandy Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines; fines content decreases with depth; iron -oxide staining. 5 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 2� 31..... 9.5 41 10 Dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML) interbedded with Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 12.0 Dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; 5� fine sand; nonplastic fines; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 15 17.0 Very dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace of fine sand; nonplastic fines. 71 8 I Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) - Laminated silt and silty sand between 19.5 20 and 23 feet. 8� 76 23.0 Very stiff to hard, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace of fine sand; low to medium plasticity fines; iron -oxide staining; blocky texture. 25 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 9� ........... 65 ........ CONTINUED NEXT SHEET o.20410 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-2 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-3 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 2 86 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 41.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 129.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o i lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 60 10 33.0 Hard, gray, Silt (ML); moist; trace of fine sand; low plasticity fines; abundant iron -oxide staining. 35 Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) ,2I 40 41.5 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 11/21/2016 45 50 55 0 20 40 60 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered O % Fines (<0.075mm) I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-2 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-3 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 2 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 61.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 129.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 3 inches of Asphalt. 0.3 0.4 2 inches of Road Base. Medium dense, brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; trace fine gravel; primarily fine sand; trace :10, medium to coarse sand; nonplastic fines;%. pocket of silt; trace burnt organics. 5 *: :: ... ' ' Fill (Hf) .; 2� 7.0 :. 3� 0 ::: Loose to medium dense, reddish -brown, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); moist; fine to coarse gravel; primarily fine sand; trace medium to coarse sand; nonplastic fines; scattered roots. 10 Fill (Hf) • ., 4� 12.0 Medium dense, reddish -brown, Sand Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines; thin 5� layers of sandy silt; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) 15 6I 17.0 7� Medium dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML); trace fine sand; nonplastic fines; iron -oxide staining; blocky texture; silty, fine sand interbeds. Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) 19.5 8� 20 Medium dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) 23.0 '' Dense to hard, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace to few fine sand; nonplastic to low plasticity; blocky texture. 25 Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) s CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 0....... 0.........4o........60 LEGEND 0 % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-3 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-4 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 3 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 61.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 129.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � (n (j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 40 60 10T . . . . . . 11� 35 ,2.... 40 N 45 .... ..... 13� 64 50 14� 5014: 15�- 55 Am Grades to dark gray at 56 feet. 57.0 Dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) CONTINUED NEXT SHEET Q 20 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-3 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-4 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 3 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 61.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 129.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 16 61.5 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 11/22/2016 65 70 75 80 85 0 20 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-3 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-4 ft Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet ft 3 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 61.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 119.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 3 inches of Asphalt. 0.3 0.4 : 2 inches of Road Base. Loose, reddish -brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM) to Silty Sand (SM); moist; trace gravel; primarily fine sand; trace organics and wood. 5 Fill (Hf) .; 2� 7.0 3� Medium dense, brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; silt layers/pockets. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 9.5 10 Very stiff, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace fine sand; low plasticity fines; iron -oxide 4� staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 12.0 a I `.. Medium dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM) to Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines; interbedded with 15 silt between 14.5 and 17 feet. s� Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 19.5 81 20 Medium dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); fine sand; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) X. 25.0 '' sI 25 Dense, reddish -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace ::* ::: fine sand; nonplastic fines; iron -oxide staining. 25.5 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) Dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand. ............................. .................. .......... Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) ............................. ............... CONTINUED NEXT SHEET o.2 40 60 LEGEND 0 % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-4 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-5 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 3 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 61.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 119.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 2& 40 60 Dense to hard, gray -brown, Silt with Sand (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic to low io plasticity fines; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 11� 35 38.0 Dense to very dense, gray, Silty Sand (SM) to Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines. 40 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 12X. 45 13X. 50 x.• 14� : 62 52.0 Very dense, brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace fine sand; nonplastic fines; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 55 • 15� ........ 60 ........ CONTINUED NEXT SHEET o.2040 60 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered O % Fines (<0.075mm) I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-4 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-5 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 3 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 61.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 119.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 16T 50V 61.5 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 11/22/2016 65 70 75 80 85 0 20 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-4 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-5 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 3 of 3 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 41.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 94.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 3-inch Asphalt. T0.3 0.4 2-inch Road Base. Medium dense, brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; iron -oxide staining. � Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 5: :• 2 I 7.0 Medium dense, brown, Silty Sand (SM) interbedded with Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; 8.5 3� nonelastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf)J 9.5 41 10 Medium dense, gray -brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); moist; fine sand; siltX. pockets. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 5� Loose to dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines interbedded 15.0 15 with layers of fine sandy silt. 5� Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 17.0 *: Dense, gray -brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); moist; fine sand. 7� Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 19.5 ' 20 Medium dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM) interbedded with Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; 8 nonplastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) X. Dense to very dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 25 �• 9I .. ............... .40 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 0.20. 60 LEGEND 0 % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-5 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A.6 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 2 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 41.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 12 in. Top Elevation: 94.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Cascade Drilling Rod Diam.: 8.75-in. Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: CME 75 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 lbs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 Ak20 40 60 ,0 63 33.0 ' Very dense, gray -brown, Silt (ML); moist; trace fine sand; nonplastic fines; iron -oxide staining. Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) 35 „I 37.0 Very dense, brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; fine sand; interbeds of fine sandy silt; nonplastic fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 40 12� 41.5 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 11/23/2016 45 50 55 0 20 40 60 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered O % Fines (<0.075mm) I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-5 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-6 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 2 82 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 130.8 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 5 in. Top Elevation: 13.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o i lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries ( (j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Asphalt and subgrade gravel. (Fill) 1.0 Soft, dark brown, Silt (ML) and Organic Silt (OL); moist to wet; few fine sand; little 3.0 75.0 . organics. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) :: 2 5 Very loose, gray, Silty Sand (SM); moist; mostly fine sand; little wood and organics. m Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 31 o Very loose, dark gray -brown, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel (SP-SM); moist to wet; subrounded gravel; fine to coarse sand, 9.5 10 mostfine sand; few wood and organics. 4 Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) - Wood fragments in cuttings from about 7 to 7.5 feet. 5 Medium dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel (SP-SM); wet; fine to coarse, 15 subrounded gravel; fine to course sand; trace 6� to few wood and organics. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 19.0 ' Medium dense to dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel (SP-SM); wet; fine to 20 coarse gravel and sand; low plasticity fines; $ few interbeds of fine, silty sand; slight diamict texture around 21 and 26 feet; few organics and wood. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 25 - Blow counts in this layer may be artificially high due to presence of gravel. 28.0 0 0 ........................ .40 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET O 20 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD % Water Content I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-6 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A.7 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 130.8 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 5 in. Top Elevation: 13.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Medium dense to very dense, gray, Poorly Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand (GP -GM); 0 10 wet; fine to coarse gravel and sand; low 0 11 plasticity fines; few brown organics; few 0 cobbles below 34 feet based on drill action. o Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 0 35 - Few organics at about 35.5 feet. 12I 62 - Blow counts in this layer may be artificially 0 o high due to presence of gravel. 38.0 Medium dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel (SP-SM); moist to wet; few fine 40 gravel; fine to coarse sand; low plasticity fines;' 1. 13� few organics; few 3-inch interbedded blue -gray, gravelly silt and silty sand with low to medium plasticity fines. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 45 ' - 14Y. 50.0 '' 50 Very dense, gray, Silty Sand (SM); wet; fine to 15� 67 medium sand; nonplastic to low plasticity fines; few fine organics and silt partings to 56.5 feet. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) :. 55 X. 16� € 2 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 0 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD % Water Content I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-6 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-7 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 130.8 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 5 in. Top Elevation: 13.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � (n 0between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 120 40 60 n 77 X. 65 X. 18� 7 70 :: 19� € 1 75.0 ::. 75 Medium dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with 20�A7:.Z.: Silt (SP-SM); wet; few fine gravel; fine to coarse sand; trace fines. Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 78.0 Very dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); wet; fine to medium sand, mostly fine sand; low plasticity to nonplastic fines. 80 ' X.. 21 7fi Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 85 :: Y. 22I :: 50/6 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 0 2040 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-6 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-7 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 3 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 130.8 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 5 in. Top Elevation: 13.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 90.8 2s"` JOF 70 Very dense, gray, Sandy Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic fines; few silt partings; 1/8- to 1/4-inch fine sand interbeds. 93.0 Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) Very dense, gray, Silty Sand (SM); moist to wet; fine sand; nonplastic fines. 95 ' Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) :. 84 100 25I 50/6 X. 105 26I 50/6 .27� 110 - Silt partings, trace organics, and slight iron -oxide staining below 110.5 feet. . 2s= 115 117.0 Very dense, gray, Silt with Sand (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic to low plasticity fines; fine sand laminations. ............... CONTINUED NEXT SHEET o.20. 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-6 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-7 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 4 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 130.8 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 5 in. Top Elevation: 13.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � (n 0between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Whidbey Formation (Qpnl) 29 5014 30= 125 50/5 130.8 3 130 50/4:.5 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 4/14/2017 135 140 145 0 20 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-6 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-7 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 5 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 120 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: HSA and Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 6 in. Top Elevation: 15.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Soft to loose, brown and gray, mixed Sandy Silt (ML) and Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SP-SM); wet below 2 feet; few pockets and layers of fine to coarse gravel and sand; low to medium plasticity fines; trace roots, organics, 'I m and charcoal; trace metal and glass debris. 4.5 0 Fill (Hf) 2 5 Very loose to very soft, gray to gray -brown, interbedded, Silt (ML) and Silty Sand (SM); wet; 2- to 6-inch-thick sand interbeds with trace fine gravel; fine to coarse sand; 3 nonplastic to low plasticity fines with trace to few brown organics. 10 :::::: uvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 10.8 41 }Ioose, silty sand interbedded from about9 L feet. 5 � � Very soft, gray to gray -brown, Silt (ML) ; wet; fine sand; low plasticity fines; trace organics. .... ... Auk ....... . Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 15.0 s 15 Medium dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel (SP-SM); wet; fine to coarse gravel and sand; low plasticity fines. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) X.,' 'I - Intermittent gravel layers below 18.5 feet. 20 24.0 Very stiff, gray and green -gray, Silt with Sand (ML); wet; few fine to coarse gravel and sand; 25 low plasticity fines; slight diamict texture; few 26.0 sI 1/4-inch-thick sand interbeds; trace organics. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 28.0 Medium dense, gray, Silty Sand (SM); wet; o fine sand; low plasticity fines. o ............... CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 20 40.60 O LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD % Water Content I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-7 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 FSHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-8 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 120 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: HSA and Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 6 in. Top Elevation: 15.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) ° 10 Medium dense, gray, Poorly Graded Gravel with Sand (GP); wet; fine to coarse gravel and o sand; low plasticity fines; trace organics. ° Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) O ° Q 11�- 35 1-inch-long, brown, organic seam at about ° 36 feet. 37.0 Y. Medium dense to very dense, gray, Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel (SP-SM) to Poorly Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand 40 (GP -GM); wet; fine to coarse gravel and sand; :., 12� few pockets of low plasticity fines; sand with intermittent layers of gravel. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) - 6-inch-thick sand interbed at about 45 feet. ' 45 • 13X. 50 14=* :: 100/6 - Fine, silty sand interbedded with trace 55 organics at about 56 feet. - Blow counts in this layer may be artificially high due to presence of gravel. 58.0 ' Medium dense to very dense, gray, Well -Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand ................. 0. CONTINUED NEXT SHEET O.. 2040 0 6 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD % Water Content I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-7 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-8 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 120 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: HSA and Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 6 in. Top Elevation: 15.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 (GW-GM); wet; fine to coarse gravel and sand; 16 50/6 low plasticity fines; diamict texture. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) ' . ,7I* 65 - 6-inch-thick fine, silty sand interbedded at ......... ....... ........... about 66 feet. ......... ......... ......... ......... ................... ......... ......... ................... ................... • 181 70 ......... ......... ......... - Boulder drilled through from about 72 to 77 ......... ......... ......... feet. ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ' 75 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... - Blow counts in this layer may be artificially ......... ......... ......... high due to presence of gravel. 77.0 ' Very dense, gray, Silty Sand (SM); wet; fine to medium sand; low plasticity fines; silt partings; trace fine organics below 110 feet. X..80 91 Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) ., 19� 85 :.: X. .,. 20� ................ 92 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 0 20 4060 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD O % Fines (<0.075mm) I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-7 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-8 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 3 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 120 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: HSA and Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 6 in. Top Elevation: 15.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries U7 (n 0between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 21T 90 95 22� 91. 100 All '. 23� 7$ 105 50/6 X. 2a= 110 50/4 - Boring drilled to 120 feet, but sampled to Y. 2s= 115 50/6 115 feet. CONTINUED NEXT SHEET 0 20.........4o........60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-7 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-8 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 4 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 120 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: HSA and Mud Rotary Hole Diam.: 6 in. Top Elevation: 15.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries U7 (n 0between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 4/21/2017 125 130 135 140 145 0 20 40 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-7 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-8 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 5 of 5 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 26.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 4 in. Top Elevation: 24.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a - Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Gray, angular trail Gravel (GP). Fill (Hf) 1.0 Very loose, brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; wet below 5 feet; few fine gravel; fine to medium sand; low plasticity fines; few organics and wood; iron -oxide staining. Alluvium (Ha) :. 5 m 2 - 2-inch thick, gray, poorly graded sand layer at about 6 feet. 7.0 31 o Soft to stiff, gray to green -gray, Lean Clay with Sand (CL); moist to wet; little fine gravel; fine to coarse sand; low plasticity fines; 10 interbedded sand; trace pockets of medium 41 plasticity fines; few organics and wood; iron -oxide staining; diamict texture. Alluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc)�:::: 5 15.3 15 ....... . Medium dense, gray, Silty Sand (SM); wet; few 6� e gravel;fine to medium sand; low plasticity 16.5 es; few brown organics; slight diamict ture; iron -oxide staining below 16 feet. L 7uvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) 20.0 1 120 Medium dense to dense, brown, Sandy Silt (ML); moist; fine sand; nonplastic to low s� plasticity fines; interbedded sand; iron -oxide staining. Colluvium (Hc)/Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 24.0 ......... ......... ......... Medium dense to dense, gray -brown, Silty Sand (SM); wet; fine to medium sand; 25 ......... ....... . ......... nonplastic fines. 91 Colluvium (Hc)/Whidbey Formation (Qpnf) 26.5 Dense to hard, gray and gray -green, interbedded, Silty Clay (CL-ML) and Silty Sand (SM); moist to wet; few fine gravel; fine to ........................ .40 CONTINUED NEXT SHEET O 20 60 LEGEND O % Fines (<0.075mm) * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD % Water Content I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-8 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 FSHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-9 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 1 of 2 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 26.5 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hollow Stem Auger Hole Diam.: 4 in. Top Elevation: 24.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Holt Services, Inc. Rod Diam.: NWJ 2-5/8 Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Mobile Drill B57 Hammer Type: Automatic Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U cr� PENETRATION RESISTANCE (blows/foot) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a Z A Hammer Wt. & Drop: 140 Ibs / 30 inches subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o i lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 coarse sand; low plasticity fines; slight diamict texture; 3-inch thick sand layer at about 25.3 feet. Iluvium (Ha)/Colluvium (Hc) BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 4/21/2017 35 40 45 50 55 0 20 40 60 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered a Ground Water Level ATD O % Fines (<0.075mm) I 2.0" O.D. Split Spoon Sample % Water Content Plastic Limit 1 0 Liquid Limit Natural Water Content Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING MB-8 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-9 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Sheet 2 of 2 REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 9.9 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hand Auger Hole Diam.: 4 in. Top Elevation: 39.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Shannon & Wilson Rod Diam.: Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Hammer Type: Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U) O % Fines (<0.075mm) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a a30 %Water Content subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � () between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Dark brown, Poorly Graded Gravel with Silt G ......... ......... ......... and Sand (GP -GM); moist; some fine to 0 2G - coarse sand; few nonplastic to low plasticity m fines; few organics; rounded to subangular. 1.3 3 'G 0 Fill (Hf) - Wet below 0.8 foot. 2.0 eG - 0 2 ' Gray and brown, Sandy Silt/Silty Sand (ML/SM); moist to wet; low plasticity fines; few rounded to subangular gravels; fine to medium sG sand. 4 Fill (Hf) G Brown, Silty Sand (SM); moist; trace rounded to subrounded, fine gravel; fine to medium sand; little nonplastic fines; trace organics. 5.5 _ n Fill/Alluvium (Hf/Ha) : sG 6 M . Gray -brown and gray, iron oxide -stained, Silty Sand (SM); wet; trace rounded to subangular, fine gravel; little to some nonplastic to low plasticity fines; few clasts of gray, sandy silt; . s G trace clasts of tan, blocky clay. 8 Alluvium/Colluvium (Ha/Hc) 10G - Interlayered with gray, iron oxide -stained, sandy silt below 9 feet. 9.9 10 BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 3/16/2017 12 14 0 20 40 60 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered Well Screen and Sand Filter ® Grab Sample ® Bentonite-Cement Grout ® Bentonite Chips/Pellets ® Bentonite Grout a Ground Water Level ATD Meadowdale Beach 1 Ground Water Level in Well Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING HB— .1 1 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-10 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants REV 3 - Approved for Submittal Total Depth: 6 ft. Latitude: oDrilling Method: Hand Auger Hole Diam.: 4 in. Top Elevation: 30.0 ft. Longitude: oDrilling Company: Shannon & Wilson Rod Diam.: Vert. Datum: Station: Drill Rig Equipment: Hammer Type: Horiz. Datum: Offset: Other Comments: SOIL DESCRIPTION � o U) O % Fines (<0.075mm) Refer to the report text for a proper understanding of the E a a30 %Water Content subsurface materials and drilling methods. The stratification Q E o a lines indicated below represent the approximate boundaries � ( j between material types, and the transition may be gradual. 0 20 40 60 Grass at surface. Brown, Silty Gravel with & Sand and Cobbles (GM); wet; some angular IG - o quarry spall cobbles; nonplastic fines. 1.0 Fill (Hf) 2.0 2G o 2 Gray -brown and gray, Sandy Silt with Gravel (ML); most; trace organics; low plasticity fines; 3 G trace mica. Fill (Hf) 3.0IF 4G Gray -brown, Silty Sand with Gravel and Cobbles (SM); moist; some rounded cobbles; 4 low plasticity fines; trace mica; fine to medium 5G sand. Fill (Hf) s G _ Brown, interlayered Silty Sand and Poorly Graded Sand with Silt (SM/SP-SM); wet; trace 6.0 6 to few rounded to angular gravel; trace organics; low plasticity fines; fine to medium sand. Fill/Alluvium (Hf/Ha) - Iron -oxide -stained and with interlayered $ sandy silt below 5 feet. BOTTOM OF BORING COMPLETED 3/16/2017 10 12 14 0 20 40 60 LEGEND * Sample Not Recovered Well Screen and Sand Filter ® Grab Sample ® Bentonite-Cement Grout ® Bentonite Chips/Pellets ® Bentonite Grout a Ground Water Level ATD Meadowdale Beach 1 Ground Water Level in Well Park and Estuary Restoration NOTES Snohomish County, Washington 1. Refer to KEY for explanation of symbols, codes, abbreviations and definitions. 2. Groundwater level, if indicated above, is for the date specified and may vary. 3. USCS designation is based on visual -manual classification and selected lab testing. LOG OF BORING HB-2 4. The hole location was measured from existing site features and should be considered approximate. February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. A-11 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants REV 3 - Approved for Submittal SIii4MON&WI INC. JOB NO: 21-1-22288-040 DATE: 7/20/17 LOCATION: Meadowdale Beach Park '�®IN C6L aNS ENYRiIpEML L'�ILTA NIi LOG OF TEST PIT TP-1 PROJECT: Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration a a? C: N LL Sketch of East Pit Side Surface Elevation SOIL DESCRIPTION o m Coc 0 CL CL Horizontal Distance in Feet CU U) m 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 p....... ....... ....... ..... .. ......... Light brown, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); moist; little fine gravel; fine to S-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . • • • • • . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . • • • • • • • • • medium sand; low plasticity fines; few .... . Wood Fragment .....O .. .... .. .. ..... ........ . Oorganics; scattered construction . . . . . . (Construction . .iris).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . debris; wood debris at 1.0 foot below ground surface (b.g.s.). Concrete S-2 2 oncrete Debris• • debris (8-inches in diameter) starting \. : 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at 2 feet b.g.s. S-3 . . . . . . . ......... . . . . .. . .. .... . . . ........ ... ......... ........ . Holocene fill (Hf) . .�.. ...... ......... ......... Dark brown, Poorly Graded Sand with ......... .. . . ... . ......... ...... . ......... ........ . Gravel (SP); moist; little fine to coarse S-4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gravel; fine to medium sand; low O plasticity fines; increasing frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of construction debris (wood S-5 Concrete Slab fragments, 6- to 9-inch diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . concrete rubble). Encountered intact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . concrete slab at 4.0 feet below . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ground surface. S-6 6 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... Holocene fill (Hf) .. . . . . . . . ......... ......... ......... . . . . . . . . . ......... ......... ......... . . . . . . . . . ......... ......... ......... . . . . . . . . . ......... ......... ......... . . . . . . . . . ......... ......... ......... . . . . . . . . . ......... ......... ......... 8 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 10 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... • ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... v......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... N......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 12 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... Photo 1: Test Pit TP-1 Location Photo 3: TP-1 Sidewall Looking Southeast SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. Photo 2: TP-1 Sidewall Looking East r r' Photo 4: TP-1 Backfilled 21-1-22288-060-R1 Test Pit excavation photos_TP-1/wp/ad 21-1-22288-060 SIii4MON&WI INC. JOB NO: 21-1-22288-040 DATE: 7/20/17 LOCATION: Meadowdale Beach Park '�®IN C6L aNS ENYRiIpEML L'�ILTA NIi LOG OF TEST PIT TP-2 PROJECT: Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration a a? C: N LL Sketch of East Pit Side Surface Elevation SOIL DESCRIPTION o m Coc 0 CL CL Horizontal Distance in Feet CU U) m 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 ... ......... ......... Light brown, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); moist; little coarse to fine . . . . . . . . . . . �1I I . . . . . /. gravel; fine to medium sand; low . . . . . . . . . . . . ? •' Oplasticity fines; abundent construction . • . . . .I .I .I .- .- .I .I .- .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . debris below 1.0 foot ground surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (b.g.s.), including wood fragments, S-1 2 Wood Fragment ;s Concrete concrete rubble greater than 1-foot in S-2 .. ..... (Construction Debris) . ....with R bar• • • • • • • • • • • • • • diameter with rebar, and metal debris. Holocene fill (Hf) S-3 ... ..... ••• ••• ......... ......... ......... .... .... ••••• ......... ......••• •. Debris • . . ' ' Metal De rig • • • • • • • • • Concrete • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Gray, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); ..... .. . ... ..... ....... ........ . moist; wet below 5 feet; few organics; S-4 4 ' ' ' ' ` ' ' ' ' j. . . . . . . . . . . . fine to coarse gravel; few Olittle 2 cobbles; fine to medium sand; 8-5 ' ' Flowing increasing frequency of construction . . . . . . Groundw te'r..O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . debris (wood, concrete rubble - . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-inches to greater than 2-feet, and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . metal debris). .. . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Holocene fill (Hf) 6 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......ConcrteSlab..... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 8 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 10 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... • ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... v......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... w......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 12 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... Photo 1: Test Pit TP-2 Location Photo 3: TP-2 Construction Debris SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. C Photo 2: TP-2 Sidewall Looking Northeast Photo 4: TP-2 Backfilled 21-1-22288-060-R1 Test Pit excavation photos_TP-2/wp/ad 21-1-22288-060 =. jj j3IWMN&W1L9[KINC JOB NO: 21-1-22288-040 DATE: 7/20/17 LOCATION: Meadowdale Beach Park '�®1MOl A1Q EIWP�I4ElFT6L'�i1LTANli LOG OF TEST PIT TP-3 PROJECT: Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration L c a u- Sketch of East Pit Side Surface Elevation SOIL DESCRIPTION o m c: c o Q E Q Horizontal Distance in Feet CD o v CU W o 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 . ....... Light brown, Silty Sand with Gravel ....... ......... ......... . . . . . (SM); moist; little coarse to fine • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. gravel; fine to medium sand; low .... . . ......... doo Fragment O plasticity fines; little construction . . . . . . . C debris (wood, concrete rubble - . 3-inches to greater than 2-feet in S-1 2 diameter, and metal debris). .. . ..... .. ........ . Holocene fill (Hf) Concrete .... ... .. ........ S-2 a Debris . . . . . e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gray, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); a ' ' ' ' . . . . moist; wet below 5 feet; few organics; • • • Flowing . • • • • • little fine to coarse gravel; few 4 ' ' ' Groundwater a' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' cobbles; fine to medium sand; a . . . . . . . . . O2 Increasing frequency of construction a 4 . . . . . . debris (concrete debris 6-inches to greater than 2-foot in diameter, wood S-3 . . . . . . ° . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' ' 4 a debris, and metal debris). • • • • •°• Holocene fill (Hf) . . a Metal 6 Debris . ' ' ' S-4 ••••••••• ......••• ••••••. Large Concrete Debris ......... ......... ....... 8 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ 10 D 12 SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. Photo 1: Test Pit TP-3 Location Photo 2: TP-B Sidewall Looking Northeast Photo 3: TP-3 Construction Debris Photo 4: TP-3 Backfilled 21-1-22288-060-R1 Test Pit excavation photos_TP-3/wp/ad 21-1-22288-060 SHt4MON&WI INC. JOB NO: 21-1-22288-040 DATE: 7/20/17 LOCATION: Meadowdale Beach Park '�®INC6L aNS ENYRiIpEMLL'�ILTANIi LOG OF TEST PIT TP-B PROJECT: Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration a a? C: N LL Sketch of North Pit Side Surface Elevation SOIL DESCRIPTION 3o m Coc 0 CL CL Horizontal Distance in Feet CU U) m 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 ....... ... ... ......... ...... Light brown, Silty Sand with Gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • -Wood Fra • . (SM); moist; little coarse to fine • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . . . dn'D :(Con'st:rucfi . . br. . . . . . . . . . . . . gravel; fine to medium sand; low . . . . . . . .D ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... ...... . ....... ....... plasticity fines; 1 foot below ground .......•.... .. O: . . . . .surface (b.g.s.) some construction . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . debris (wood, concrete rubble - S-1 2 3-inches to greater than 2-feet in . ...... ......... ..... .. . ... �..... ........ ........ diameter, and metal debris). ..... .. ....... ......... Holocene fill (Hf) S-2 .. .. • . ...°.. • .. . .. .... . .. .. ... . . Cb ......... c. I .Debris. ........ ......... Gray, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); .<: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . moist; wet below 5 feet; few organics; S-3 4 ° . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . little fine to coarse gravel; few cobbles; fine to medium sand; ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' . . . . n . . ..... . . . . . . O2 Increasing frequency of construction . . . . . . . . . . (9 . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . debris (wood fragments, concrete S-4 . . . • . . • • • . • • . • • • • . . a . 19 . . . . . • . rubble with and without rebar less Fbiving Groundwater . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . • • • • • • • d. • • • . . . . . . • • • than 6-inches to greater than 1-foot in . . . . . . . . ' ' ' ' . : : . diameter, and metal debris). 6 ° a Holocene fill (Hf) ' ' ' . . . . . . tal;D; . o' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' . . ' ' ' ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . ......... ...... . ...0.. .. ...... ......... 8 �. ....... ......... ....... ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a. . . . . . . ® .. '. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... ........ d ..... ......... ....... ......... ......... ...... .. ......... ......... ......... ......... 10 ......... ......... ......... ......... ....... ..... ......... ......... ..... ... .. ..... ......... ......... ......... ......... ..... ......... ......... : ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... . . .. .Concr ...... Slab . . . . . ......... ......... v ......... ......... ......... ......... ....... . . ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... U1 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 12 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... Photo 1: Test Pit TP-B Location Photo 3: TP-B Construction Debris SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. J6 WWI Photo 2: TP-B Sidewall Looking Northeast MWINVINMA Photo 4: TP-B Backfilled �qr 21-1-22288-060-RI Test Pit excavation photos TP-B/wp/ad 21-1-22288-060 SHi4MON&WI INC. JOB NO: 21-1-22288-040 DATE: 7/20/17 LOCATION: Meadowdale '�®IN C6L aNS ENYRiIpEML L'�ILTA NIi LOG OF TEST PIT TP-RE-1 PROJECT: Meadowdale Beach Park a a? C: (D LL Sketch of East Pit Side Surface Elevation SOIL DESCRIPTION 3o m Coc 0 CL CL Horizontal Distance in Feet CU U) m 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 .....Root. ........ Light brown, Silty Sand with Gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... . ........ . O(SM); moist; little fine gravel; fine to 1 S-1 • • • • • . • Root medium sand; low plasticity fines; few organics. ....... ......... ......... ......... ... ......... Holocene fill (Hf) . .... • .. oot ....... ......... ......... . ..... ........ . S-2 2 2 Gray, Silty Sand with Gravel (SM); . . . . : Wood -Fragmen moist; wet below 3 feet; little fine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O gravel; fine to medium sand; low S-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . plasticity fines; root fragments. . Holocene Alluvium (Ha)/Holocene . . . • :Flowing GroUhd titer : • • • • • . . . . . . • . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . • • • Colluvium (Hc) S-4 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gray, Poorly Graded Sand (SP); wet; ....... ........ . ...... ...... '. . ......... ......... O3 fine to medium sand. S-5 ........ . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . ... ......... ........ . Holocene Alluvium (Ha)/Holocene . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Colluvium (Hc) . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . .. ...... . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . .. ...... . . . . . . . . . ......... . . . . . . . . . ......... S-6 6 ......... ... ..... ......... . ....... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ ......... ......... ......... . ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 8 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... NOTES......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ........ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 1. T-probe penetration 3-6" at 1.0 foot ......... ......••• ......••• ......••• ......••• ......••• ......••• below ground surface (b.g.s.) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. T-probe penetration 8-12" at 3.0 10 footb.g.s. ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 3. T-probe penetration >12" at 4.0 foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D b.g.s. ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 4.T-probe penetration > 12" at 5.0 foot ......••• ......••• ......••• ......••• ......••• ......••• b.g.s. ........ ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... 121 ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... Photo 1: Test Pit TP-RE-1 Location Photo 3: TP-RE-1 Sidewall Looking Northeast SHANNON 6WILSON, INC. Photo 2: TP-RE-1 Sidewall Looking East Photo 4: TP-RE-1 Backfilled 21-1-22288-060-R1 Test Pit excavation photos_TP-RE-1/wp/ad 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON. INC. APPENDIX B GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON. INC. APPENDIX B GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING TABLE OF CONTENTS Page B.1 VISUAL CLASSIFICATION.........................................................................................B-1 B.2 WATER CONTENT DETERMINATION......................................................................B-1 B.3 GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS..................................................................B-1 B.3.1 Sieve Analysis...................................................................................................B-2 B.3.2 Fines Content Determination.............................................................................B-2 B.4 ATTERBERG LIMITS DETERMINATION..................................................................B-2 B.5 CONSIDERATIONS.......................................................................................................B-2 B.6 REFERENCES................................................................................................................B-3 Laboratory Terms Sample Types Laboratory Test Summary TABLES TESTS Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-1 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-2 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-3 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-4 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-5 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-6 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-7 Grain Size Distribution Plot, Boring MB-8 Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-1 Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-2 Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-3 Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-4 Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-6 Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-7 21-1-22288-060-xi-ns 21-1-22288-060 B-i TESTS (Continued) Plasticity Chart, Boring MB-8 SHANNON WALSON. INC. 21-1-22288-060-xi-ns 21-1-22288-060 B-ii SHANNON MMILSON, INC. APPENDIX B GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTING We performed geotechnical laboratory testing on selected soil samples retrieved from eight of the ten borings completed for the Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Project. The laboratory testing program included tests to classify the soil and provide data for engineering studies. We performed visual classification on all retrieved samples. Our laboratory testing program included water content determinations, grain size distribution analyses, and Atterberg limits determinations. The following sections describe the laboratory test procedures. B.1 VISUAL CLASSIFICATION We visually classified soil samples retrieved from the borings using a system based on ASTM International (ASTM) D2487-11, Standard Test Method for Classification of Soil for Engineering Purposes, and ASTM D2488-09a, Standard Recommended Practice for Description of Soils (Visual -Manual Procedure). We summarize our classification system in Appendix A. We assigned a Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) group name and symbol, based on our visual classification of particles finer than 76.2 millimeters (3 inches). We revised visual classifications using results of the index tests discussed below. B.2 WATER CONTENT DETERMINATION We tested the water content of selected samples in accordance with ASTM D2216-10, Standard Method for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil, Rock, and Soil - Aggregate Mixtures. Comparison of the water content of a soil with its index properties can be useful in characterizing soil unit weight, consistency, compressibility, and strength. We present water content test results in the Laboratory Test Summary table in this appendix, and graphically on Appendix A exploration logs. B.3 GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS Grain size distribution analyses separate soil particles through mechanical or sedimentation processes. Grain size distributions are used to classify the granular component of soils and can correlate with soil properties, including frost susceptibility, permeability, shear strength, liquefaction potential, capillary action, and sensitivity to moisture. We plot grain size distribution analysis results in this appendix. Grain size distribution plots provide tabular 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB 21-1-22288-060 B-1 SHANNON MMILSON, INC. information about each specimen, including: USCS group symbol and group name; water content; constituent (i.e., cobble, gravel, sand, and fines) percentages; coefficients of uniformity and curvature, if applicable; personnel initials; ASTM standard designation; and testing remarks. Constituent percentages are presented in the Lab Summary Table in this appendix and fines contents are plotted as data points on Appendix A exploration logs. B.3.1 Sieve Analysis We performed mechanical sieve analyses on selected soil specimens to determine the grain size distribution of coarse -grained soil particles, in accordance with ASTM C136/C136M- 14, Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates. B.3.2 Fines Content Determination We determined the percent of fine-grained soil particles (fines content) of selected soil specimens, in accordance with ASTM D1140-14, Standard Test Methods for Determining the Amount of Material Finer Than 0.075 min (No. 200) Sieve in Soils by Washing. BA ATTERBERG LIMITS DETERMINATION We determined soil plasticity by performing Atterberg Limits tests on selected samples in accordance with ASTM D4318-10e1, Standard Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils, Method A (Multi -Point Liquid Limit). The Atterberg Limits include liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), and plasticity index (PI=LL-PL). These limits can assist soil classification, indicate soil consistency (when compared to natural water content), provide correlation to soil properties, evaluate clogging potential, and estimate liquefaction potential. We present soil plasticity test results in the Lab Summary Table and on plasticity charts in this appendix. Plasticity charts provide the liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, USCS group symbol, the sample description, water content, and percent passing the No. 200 sieve (if a grain size distribution analysis was performed). Soil plasticity test results are also shown graphically on Appendix A exploration logs. B.5 CONSIDERATIONS Drilling and sampling methodologies may affect the outcome of prescribed geotechnical laboratory tests. Refer to the field exploration discussion in this report for a discussion of these potential effects. Instances of limited recovery may have resulted in test samples not meeting 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB 21-1-22288-060 B-2 SHANNON WALSON. INC. specified minimum mass requirements, per ASTM standards. Test plots show which samples do not meet ASTM specified minimum mass requirements. B.6 REFERENCES ASTM International, 2011, Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system), D2487-11: West Conshohocken, Pa., ASTM International, Annual book of standards, v. 04.08, soil and rock (I): D420 - D5876, 12 p., available: www.astm.org. ASTM International, 2010, Standard test methods for laboratory determination of water (moisture) content of soil and rock by mass, D2216-10: West Conshohocken, Pa., ASTM International, Annual book of standards, v. 04.08, soil and rock (I): D420 - D5876, 7 p., available: www.astm.org. ASTM International, 2014, Standard test method for sieve analysis of fine and coarse aggregates, C136-14: West Conshohocken, Pa., ASTM International, Annual book of standards, v. 04.02, concrete and aggregates, 5 p., available: www.astm.org. ASTM International, 2014, Standard test methods for determining the amount of material finer than .075mm (no. 200) sieve in soils by washing, D1140-14: West Conshohocken, Pa., ASTM International, Annual book of standards, v. 04.08, soil and rock (I): D420 - D5876, 6 p., available: www.astm.org. ASTM International, 2010, Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils, D4318-10el: West Conshohocken, Pa., ASTM International, Annual book of standards, v. 04.08, soil and rock (I): D420 - D5876, 16 p., available: www.astm.org. 21-1-22288-060-xi-ns 21-1-22288-060 B-3 SHANNON WALSON. INC. LABORATORY TERMS Abbreviations, Symbols, and Terms Descriptions ° Percent * Sample specimen weight did not meet required minimum mass for the test method " # Inch Test not performed by Shannon & Wilson, Inc. laboratory ASTM Std. ASTM International Standard Cc Coefficient of curvature Clay -size Soil particles finer than 0.002 min cm Centimeter cm2 Square centimeter Coarse -grained Soil particles coarser than 0.075 min (cobble -,gravel- and sand -sized particles) Cobbles Soil particles finer than 305 min and coarser than 76.2 min C„ Coefficient of uniformity CU Consolidated-Undrained s Axial strain Fine-grained Soil particles finer than 0.075 min (silt- and clay -sized particles) ft Feet yin Wet unit weight Gravel Soil particles finer than 76.2 min and coarser than 4.75 min Gs Specific gravity of soil solids go Initial height 4H Change in height OHioa.d End of load increment deformation in Inch in' Cubic inch LL Liquid Limit min Minute min Millimeter N, m Micrometer MC Moisture content MPa Mega -Pascal NP Non -plastic OC Organic content p Total stress p' Effective stress Pa Pascal pcf Pounds per cubic foot PI Plasticity Index PL Plastic Limit psf Pounds per square foot psi Pounds per square inch q Deviatoric stress Sand Soil particles finer than 4.75 min and coarser than 0.075 min sec Second Silt Soil particles finer than 0.075 min and coarser than 0.002 min t. Time to n% primary consolidation goad Duration of load increment tsf Short tons per square foot USCS Unified Soil Classification System UU Unconsolidated-Undrained WC Water content 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON WALSON. INC. SAMPLE TYPES Abbreviations, Symbols, and Terms Descriptions 2SS 2.5-inch Outside Diameter Split -Spoon Sample 2ST 2-inch Outside Diameter Thin -Walled Tube 3HSA 3-inch CME Hollow -stem Auger Sampler 3SS 3-inch Outside Diameter Split -Spoon Sample 4SS 4-inch Inside Diameter Split -Spoon Sample 6SS 6-inch Inside Diameter Split -Spoon Sample CA MC Modified California Sampler CA SPT Standard Penetration Test (SPT) CORE Rock Core DM +3.25 inch Outside Diameter Split -Spoon Sample DMR 3.25-inch Sampler with Internal Rings GRAB Grab Sample GUS 3-inch Outside Diameter Gregory Undisturbed Sampler (GUS) Sample OSTER 3-inch Outside Diameter Osterberg Sample PITCHER 3-inch Outside Diameter Pitcher Sample PMT Pressuremeter Test f=failed PO Porter Penetration Test Sample PT 2.5-inch Outside Diameter Thin -Walled Tube ROCK Rock Core Sample SCORE Soil Core (as in Sonic Core Borings) SH 1 1-inch Plastic Sheath SH2 2-inch Plastic Sheath with Soil Recovery SH3 2-inch Plastic Sheath with no Soil Recovery SPT 2-inch Outside Diameter Split -Spoon Sample SS Split -Spoon ST 3-inch Outside Diameter Thin -Walled Tube STW 3-inch Outside Diameter Thin -Walled Tube TEST Sample Test Interval TW Thin Wall Sample UNDIST Undisturbed Sample VANE Vane Shear WATER Water Sample for Probe Logs XCORE Core Sample 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON 6WILSON. INC. LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY Boring s. z CA V� o pa USCS WC (%) o 0 o C C, LL PL NP Soil Description MB-1 2 -1 SPT MB-1 5 S-2 SPT 51 ML 7.8 33* 67* Sandy Silt MB-1 7.5 S-3 SPT 51 16.0 MB-1 10 S-4 SPT 52 26.1 MB-1 12.5 S-5 SPT 48 ML 27.2 30 25 Silt MB-1 15 S-6 SPT 45 18.8 MB-1 17.5 S-7 SPT 48 14.1 MB-1 20 S-8 SPT 56 22.6 MB-1 25 S-9 SPT 63 ML 10.2 29* 71* Silt with Sand MB-1 30 5-10 SPT 65 16.4 MB-1 35 5-11 SPT 45 13.2 MB-1 40 5-12 SPT 47 16.8 MB-2 2.5 S-1 SPT 44 13.7 MB-2 5 S-2 SPT 31 ML 7.9 46 54 Sandy Silt MB-2 7.5 S-3 SPT 26 4.3 MB-2 10 S-4 SPT 39 13.6 MB-2 12.5 S-5 SPT 38 4.8 MB-2 15 S-6 SPT 40 SM 5.8 75* 25* Silty Sand MB-2 17.5 S-7 SPT 81 ML 11.5 86 Silt MB-2 20 S-8 SPT 76 9.8 MB-2 25 S-9 SPT 65 28.5 MB-2 30 5-10 SPT 22 ML 33.0 1 1 40 27 Silt MB-2 35 5-11 SPT 41 24.7 MB-2 40 5-12 SPT 42 ML 26.6 35 26 Silt MB-3 2.5 S-1 SPT 11 16.2 MB-3 5 S-2 SPT 18 19.3 MB-3 5.5 S-2 SPT 18 9.2 MB-3 7.5 S-3 SPT 6 SM 5.8 17 55 28 Silty Sand with Gravel MB-3 10 S-4 SPT 24 4.8 MB-3 12.5 S-5 SPT 18 11.3 MB-3 15 S-6 SPT 23 ML 12.5 55 Sandy Silt MB-3 1 17.5 S-7 SPT 1 19 20.0 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON 6WILSON. INC. LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY Boring Q. s. z E CA E z o o pa USCS WC (%) o 0 w o C C, LL PL NP Soil Description M13-3 20 S-8 SPT 23 17.2 M13-3 25 S-9 SPT 38 13.0 M13-3 30 5-10 SPT 42 19.2 M13-3 35 5-11 SPT 36 ML 24.8 31 28 Silt M13-3 40 5-12 SPT 42 30.6 M13-3 45 5-13 SPT 64 ML 29.0 33 25 Silt M13-3 50 5-14 SPT 50/4" 27.2 M13-3 55 5-15 SPT 29 24.9 M13-3 55.5 5-15 SPT 29 25.0 M13-3 60 S-16 SPT 44 7.7 M13-4 2.5 S-1 SPT 14 8.9 M13-4 5 S-2 SPT 7 8.4 M13-4 7.5 S-3 SPT 25 12.3 M13-4 10 S-4 SPT 27 ML 24.2 29 23 Silt M13-4 12.5 S-5 SPT 28 15.8 M13-4 15 S-6 SPT 27 21.1 M13-4 17.5 S-7 SPT 18 5.8 M13-4 20 S-8 SPT 25 SM 5.4 82* 18* Silty Sand M13-4 25 S-9 SPT 46 18.3 M13-4 25.5 S-9 SPT 46 9.6 M13-4 30 5-10 SPT 34 21.0 M13-4 35 5-11 SPT 51 ML 28.8 24 23 Silt with Sand M13-4 40 5-12 SPT 51 14.2 M13-4 45 5-13 SPT 33 14.3 M13-4 50 5-14 SPT 62 4.9 M13-4 55 5-15 SPT 60 29.4 M13-4 60 5-16 SPT 50/6" 27.2 M13-5 2.5 S-1 SPT 19 SM 10.5 31 Silty Sand M13-5 5 S-2 SPT 17 14.6 M13-5 7.5 S-3 SPT 15 16.7 M13-5 8 S-3 1 SPT 15 10.3 M13-5 1 10 S-4 SPT 1 5 16.8 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON 6WILSON. INC. LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY Boring Q s. z E CA E z o o pa USCS WC (%) o 0 w o C C, LL PL NP Soil Description M13-5 12.5 S-5 SPT 42 15.0 M13-5 15 S-6 SPT 44 SP-SM 4.8 90 10 4.9 1.6 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt M13-5 17.5 S-7 SPT 33 21.7 M13-5 20 S-8 SPT 46 16.6 M13-5 25 S-9 SPT 55 SM 7.3 83* 17* Silty Sand M13-5 30 5-10 SPT 63 10.2 M13-5 35 5-11 SPT 56 ML 22.6 82 Silt with Sand M13-5 40 5-12 SPT 53 16.5 M13-6 3 S-1 SPT 2 34.9 M13-6 5 S-2 SPT 3 SP-SM 18.6 44 49 6.9 70.2 0.1 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel M13-6 10 S-4 SPT 19 12.5 M13-6 15 S-6 SPT 24 12.4 M13-6 17.5 S-7 SPT 23 SP-SM 6.5 33* 57* 9.7* 36.9 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel M13-6 20 S-8 SPT 45 8.2 M13-6 25 S-9A SPT 35 SP-SM 10.1 31 * 59* 9.2* 35.9 0.7 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel M13-6 26.3 S-9 SPT 35 17.4 M13-6 35 5-12 SPT 62 GP -GM 8.2 49 42 8.5 84.7 0.6 Poorly Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand M13-6 40 5-13 SPT 25 12.0 M13-6 40.3 5-13 SPT 25 17.2 M13-6 45 5-14 SPT 21 16.4 M13-6 50 5-15 SPT 67 23.7 M13-6 55 5-16 SPT 82 SP-SM 25.9 0* 88* l l * Poorly Graded Sand with Silt M13-6 60 5-17 SPT 77 19.5 M13-6 65 5-18 SPT 70 22.2 M13-6 70 5-19 SPT 81 21.4 M13-6 75 5-20 SPT 23 SP-SM 25.3 1 * 93* 5.9* 2.2 0.8 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt M13-6 80 5-21 SPT 76 22.8 M13-6 85 5-22 SPT 50/6 SP-SM 20.8 91 * 9.1 * Poorly Graded Sand with Silt M13-6 90 5-23 SPT 70 23.1 M13-6 90.8 S-23B SPT 70 ML 24.4 26.18 27.95 NP Silt M13-6 95 5-24 SPT 84 24.6 M13-6 100 5-25 SPT 50/6 22.9 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON 6WILSON. INC. LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY Boring Q s. z E E o o USCS WC (%) o 0 w o C C, LL PL NP Soil Description M13-6 105 S-26 SPT 50/6 21.3 M13-6 110 5-27 SPT 5015 21.9 M13-6 115 5-28 SPT 5015.5 22.9 M13-6 120 5-29 SPT 50/4 23.4 M13-6 125 5-30 SPT 5015 22.7 M13-6 130 5-31 SPT 50/4.5 23.1 M13-7 2.5 S-1 SPT 4 29.6 M13-7 5 S-2 SPT 1 SM 29.8 Silty Sand M13-7 7.5 S-3 SPT 9 29.3 M13-7 10 S-4 SPT 1 23.8 M13-7 10.8 S-413 SPT 1 ML 24.6 26.49 22.41 Silt M13-7 12.5 S-5 SPT 1 30.9 M13-7 15 S-6 SPT 26 11.8 M13-7 17.5 S-7 SPT 29 SP-SM 12.2 35* 59* 5.5* 1.5 1.2 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel M13-7 20 S-8 SPT 22 17.9 M13-7 25 S-9A SPT 18 ML 19.7 20.77 18.61 Silt with Sand M13-7 26 S-9 SPT 18 15.8 M13-7 30 5-10 SPT 23 GP 8.7 51 45 3.6 30.8 0.9 Poorly Graded Gravel with Sand M13-7 35 5-11 SPT 14 10.1 M13-7 40 5-12 SPT 39 SP-SM 9.1 39* 55* 6.3* 41.8 0.3 Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel M13-7 45 5-13 SPT 32 34.9 M13-7 55 5-15 SPT 59 8.7 M13-7 56 5-15 SPT 59 20.8 M13-7 60 5-16 SPT 50/6 GW-GM 8.5 46 45 9.2 74.9 1.1 Well -Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand M13-7 65 5-17 SPT 32 14.8 M13-7 70 5-18 SPT 52 7.7 M13-7 80 5-19 SPT 91 SM 20.4 88* 12* Silty Sand M13-7 85 5-20 SPT 92 21.3 M13-7 90 5-21 SPT 90 22.9 M13-7 95 5-22 SPT 91 20.7 M13-7 100 5-23 SPT 78 23.3 M13-7 105 5-24 SPT 50/6 21.7 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON 6WILSON. INC. LABORATORY TEST SUMMARY W A a c. U se°• � Boring H CA C.40 pa USCS WC (%) e o o C C, LL PL NP Soil Description -7 PT 50 4 235 MB-7 115 S-26 SPT 50/6 21.7 MB-8 5 S-2 SPT 1 SM 22.7 7* 71 * 21 * Silty Sand MB-8 7.5 S-3 SPT 9 19.8 MB-8 10 S-4 SPT 9 22.0 MB-8 12.5 S-5 SPT 3 CL 25.1 31.09 21.58 Lean Clay with Sand MB-8 15 S-6 SPT 13 23.7 MB-8 15.3 S-6 SPT 13 22.3 MB-8 17.5 S-7 SPT 35 ML 18.4 50* 50* Sandy Silt MB-8 20 S-8 SPT 30 SM 21.8 79* 21 * Silty Sand MB-8 25 S-9A SPT 38 1 CL-ML 22.7 1 1 129.39 22.29 Silty Clay MB-8 25.3 S-9 SPT 38 1 17.1 21-1-22288-060-R1-AB-Table 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Snohomish County, Washington BORING MB-1 b d o 0 M ti ^ ^ b �o ryo bo 00 �o 0 00 ob o0 oti o a a a s Doti o0 ti� o• o• o• o' o• o• o• o• o• W o 100 95 0 5 90d 10 85 15 80 20 I 75 25 70 30 65 35 N CD 60 40 co CD 55 45 C7 O Q 50 50 N IL N 45 55 Q U � Q 40 60 N d q1 N 35 65 30 70 25 75 20 80 15 85 10 90 5 95 0 100 ry �o 00 'O „O O ^O Q> '6 •n b ^J R. ^ 0 (8 b ^� �Y ^ ^`� 00 o-. o 0 0• o• o 0 0 0 0 Grain Size (mm) O� O°j O� O 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0° O 0 0 0 0 1W o' ro N 0 Test specimen did not meet minimum mass recommendations. >J_ >I Z Q a 0 v 0 °o ao N N N N Z Q Q U Q 0 0 0 00 00 N N N N Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Depth USCS USCS Gravel Sand Fines <20Um <21um WC Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name % % % % % % By By Std. OMB-1,S-2 5.0 ML Sandy Silt 33 67 7.8 AI�V JFL C136 ■MB-1, S-9 25.0 ML Silt with Sand 29 71 10.2 Ai(V JFL C136 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 MAIN (206) 632-8020 • FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Snohomish County, Washington BORING MB-2 M ti ^ ^ � � � b ^ ry a o ^ ti o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o• o' 100 0 95 5 90 10 85 15 80 20 75 25 70 30 65 35 V1 CD Cl) 60 40 CD 4 55 Ilk-45 O 50 50 N IL N 45 55 Q U 40 60 0_ y N 35 65 30 70 25--75 20 80 15 85 10 90 5 95 0 100 n. ^•o' 00 a0 „O 10 ^O 0 0 ^b b °� R. ^ 0 0 b �i N ^ ^h 00 b. O' O' O' O' O' O' O O' O' Grain Size (mm) Ob O°j Ory O 00 00 Ob O� Ory O^ O' O' O' O' O O O O O O O' O' O' O' w O' ro N 0 c� >J_ Z Q x a 0 v 0 °o N N N N Z Q Q U Q 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Test specimen did not meet minimum mass recommendations. Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Identification Depth (ft) USCS Symbol USCS Group Name Gravel % Sand % Fines % < 20Nm % < 21um % WC % Tested By Review By ASTM Std. OMB-2,S-2 5.0 ML Sandy Silt 46 54 7.9 AKV JFL C136 ■MB-2, S-6 15.0 SM Silty Sand 75 25 5.8 AKV JFL C136 ♦MB-2, S-7 17.5 ML Silt 86 11.5 AKV JFL D1140 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT L 0I 0 0 V V Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-3 Snohomish County, Washington Gravel Sand Fines Coarse I Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters O O 00 Op 00 Ory O 000 000 06 000 oory drain 5tze (mm) O O O' 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 CD 40 N 7 45 (7 O 50 N (D 55 Q 60 N N 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Sample Depth USCS Grou USCS Gravel Sand Fines < 20Nm < 21um WC Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name oD % % %% % By By Std. Ill S-3 7.5 SM Silty Sand with Gravel 17 55 28 5.8 AKV JFL C136 ■MB-3, S-6 15.0 ML Sandy Silt 55 12.5 AKV JFL D1140 Test specimen did not meet minimum mass recommendations. SHANNON & WILSON, INC. • 400 NORTH 34TH STREET • SUITE 100 • SEATTLE, WASHINGTON • 98103 • MAIN (206) 632-8020 • FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Snohomish County, Washington BORING MB-4 M ti ^ ^ � � � b ^ ry a o ^ ti o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o• o' 100 0 95 5 90 10 85 15 80 20 75 25 70 30 65 35 V1 CD Cl)60 40 N -0 55 45 C7 O ai 50 50 N IL N 45 55 Q U � 40 60 0_ y N 35 65 30 70 25 75 20 80 15 85 10 90 5 95 0 100 n. 00 po �o 7 O' O' Grain Size (mm)Grou Ob O� Ory O 006 00 Ob O� Ory O^ O' O' O' O' O O O O O O O' O' O' O' O' O' N Test specimen did not meet minimum mass recommendations. 0 c� J_ 31 Z Q 2 a O 0 a 0 ao N N N N Z Q Q QI 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Depth USCS USCS Gravel Sand Fines < 20Nm < 21um WC Tested Review ASTM Identification (fit) Symbol Group Name % % % % % % By By Std. OMB-4, S-8 20.0 SM Silty Sand 82 18 5.4 AI(V JFL C136 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 MAIN (206) 632-8020 • FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-5 Snohomish County, Washington M ti ^ ^ � � � b ^ ry a o ^ ti o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o• o' 100 0 95 5 90 10 85 15 80 20 75 25 70 30 65 35 V1 CD N 60 40 N 4 55 45 O 50 50 N I L (D C 45 55 Q U N 40 60 0_ y N 35 65 30 70 25 75 20 80 15 85 10 90 5 95 0 100 n. ^O' 00 a0 „O 10 ^O 0 0 ^b b 6 R. ^ 0 0 b 16 N ^ ^h 00 Ob O°j Ory O 66 -1 Ob O1 Ory O^ b. O' O' O' O' O' O' O O O O O O O' O' O' O' O' O" O' Grain Size (mm) ro N 0 c� >J_ >I Z Q x Test specimen did not meet minimum mass recommendations. a 0 v 0 °o N N N N Z Q Q U Q 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Identification Depth (ft) USCS Symbol USCS Group Name Gravel % Sand % Fines % < 20Nm % < 21um % WC % Tested By Review By ASTM Std. OMB-5,S-1 2.5 SM Silty Sand 31 10.5 AI(V JFL D1140 ■MB-5, S-6 15.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt 90 10 4.8 AKV JFL C136 ♦MB-5, S-9 25.0 SM Silty Sand 83 17 7.3 AI(V JFL C136 ♦MB-5, S-11 35.0 ML Silt with Sand 82 22.6 AI(V JFL D1140 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale RestorationPark and Estuary BORING B-6 Snohomish County, Washington Gravel Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Identification Depth (fit) USCS Symbol USCS Group Name Gravel % Sand % Fines % < 20Nm % < 21um % WC % Tested By Review By ASTM Std. OMB-6, S-2 5.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel 44 49 6.9 18.6 BMC JFL C136 ■MB-6, S-7 17.5 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel 33 57 9.7 6.5 BMC JFL C136 ♦MB-6, S-9A 25.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel 31 59 9.2 10.1 BMC JFL C136 40MB-6, 5-12 35.0 GP -GM Poorly Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand 49 42 8.5 8.2 BMC JFL C136 OMB-6, S-16 55.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt 0 88 11 25.9 BMC JFL C136 ❑MB-6, S-20 75.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt 1 93 5.9 25.3 BMC JFL C136 OMB-6, S-22 85.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt 91 9.1 20.8 BMC JFL C136 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale RestorationPark and Estuary BORING B-7 Snohomish County, Washington Gravel Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Identification Depth (fit) USCS Symbol USCS Group Name Gravel % Sand % Fines % < 20Nm % < 21um % WC % Tested By Review By ASTM Std. OMB-7, S-7 17.5 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel 35 59 5.5 12.2 BMC JFL C136 ■MB-7, S-10 30.0 GP Poorly Graded Gravel with Sand 51 45 3.6 8.7 BMC JFL C136 ♦MB-7, 5-12 40.0 SP-SM Poorly Graded Sand with Silt and Gravel 39 55 6.3 9.1 BMC JFL C136 ♦MB-7, 5-16 60.0 GW-GM Well -Graded Gravel with Silt and Sand 46 45 9.2 8.5 BMC JFL C136 0MB-7, 5-19 80.0 SM Silty Sand 88 12 20.4 BMC JFL C136 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION PLOT Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Snohomish County, Washington BORING MB-8 M ti ^ ^ � � � a ^ ry a o ^ o°o o°° o°b o°o -R, o° ti o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o' o• o' 100 0 95 5 90 10 85 15 80 20 75 25 70 30 65 35 V1 CD Cl) 60 40 CD 4 55 45 O 50 50 N IL N C 45 55 Q U 40 60 0. y N 35 65 30 70 25 75 20 80 15 85 10 90 5 95 0 100 n. ^O' 00 po �o ryo ^O 0 0 ^b b °� R. ^ 0 0 b �i N ^ n0 00 b. O' O' O' O' O' O' O O' O' Grain Size (mm) Ob O°j Ory O 00 00 Ob O' O' O' O' O O O O O O O' O' O' O' O' O' N 0 c� >J_ aTest x a 0 v 0 °o N N N N Z Q Q U Q 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N specimen did not meet minimum mass recommendations. Gravel Sand Fines Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine Silt Clay -Size Mesh Opening in Inches Mesh Openings per Inch, U.S. Standard Grain Size in Millimeters Sample Identification Depth (ft) USCS Symbol USCS Group Name Gravel % Sand % Fines % < 20Nm % < 21um % WC % Tested By Review By ASTM Std. OMB-8, S-2 5.0 SM Silty Sand 7 71 21 22.7 BMC JFL C136 ■MB-8, S-7 17.5 ML Sandy Silt 50 50 18.4 BMC JFL C136 ♦MB-8, S-8 20.0 SM Silty Sand 79 21 21.8 BMC JFL C136 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-1 Snohomish County, Washington �o 60 50 / FL ao x a> c / U 30 @ a 20 / O 10 10 FIA- 04 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - LL N H 0 >J_ Q I a c0 d a 0 °o 00 N N N N Z Q FI H Q� Q 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Sample Depth GrouS USCS LL PL pl WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name % % % % % By By Std. SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-2 Snohomish County, Washington 70 50 50 / FL ao x a> c / U 30 / @ a lo zo / 10 GIL or C111. 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - ILLrou N 0 >J_ ZI Q a c0 0 It0 °o ro N N N N Z Q H F QI a 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Sample Depth USCS USCS WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 MAIN (206) 632-8020 • FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-3 Snohomish County, Washington 70 60 50 FL ao x a> c � U 30 ' @ a lo loe 10 fag • 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - LL ro N 0 c7 >J_ Q I a c0 cS a 0 oo oo N N N N Z Q FI H Q� Q 0 0 0 00 00 N N N N Sample Depth USCS USCS LL PL PI WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name % % % % % By By Std. •MB-3, S-11 35.0 ML Silt 31 28 3 24.8 AKV JFL D4318 FMB-3, S-13 45.0 ML Silt 33 25 8 29.0 AKV JFL D4318 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-4 Snohomish County, Washington 70 50 50 FL ao x a> c � U 30 ' @ a lo zo � 10 GIL or C111. 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - ILL N 0 >J_ ZI Q a c0 0 It0 °o ro N N N N Z Q H F QI a 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Sample Depth USCS USCS LL PL PI WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name % % % % % By By Std. SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 MAIN (206) 632-8020 • FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-6 Snohomish County, Washington �o 60 50 / FL ao x a> c / U 30 @ (L 10 AM Or Clhf 10 00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - LL N H 0 >J_ Q I a c0 d a 0 °o 00 N N N N Z Q FI H Q� Q 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Sample Depth USCS USCS LL PL PI WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name % % % % % By By Std. MB-6, S-23B 90.8 ML Silt 26 28 NIP24.4 AKV JFL D4318 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-7 Snohomish County, Washington 70 50 50 FL ao x a> c � U 30 ' @ a lo zo � 10 GIL or C111. 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - ILLrou N 0 >J_ ZI Q a c0 0 It0 °o ro N N N N Z Q H F QI a 0 0 0 00 0 N N N N Sample Depth USCS USCS WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 MAIN (206) 632-8020 • FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON &WILSON, INC. PLASTICITY CHART Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration BORING MB-8 Snohomish County, Washington 70 60 50 FL ao x a> c � U 30 ' @ a lo loe 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Liquid Limit - LL ro N 0 c7 >J_ Q I a c0 cS a 0 oo oo N N N N Z Q FI H Q� Q 0 0 0 00 00 N N N N Sample Depth USCS USCS LL PL PI WC Gravel Sand Fines <21um Tested Review ASTM Identification (ft) Symbol Group Name % % % % % By By Std. FMB-8, S-5 12.5 CL Lean Clay with Sand 31 22 9 25.1 AKV JFL D4318 FMB-8, S-9A 25.0 CL-ML Silty Clay 29 22 7 22.7 AKV JFL D4318 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. 400 NORTH 34TH STREET •SUITE 100 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98103 •MAIN (206) 632-8020 •FAX (206) 695-6777 SHANNON WALSON, INC. APPENDIX C GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON MLSON, INC. APPENDIX C GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS TABLE OF CONTENTS REPORTS Global Geophysics, 2016, Report for the ground penetration radar survey at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA: Report prepared by Global Geophysics, Redmond, Wash., 105- 0419.001, for Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., December 7. Global Geophysics, 2017a, GPR survey line location map (fig. 1-A) and interpreted GPR anomalies (fig. 1-B) [rev.], in, Report for the ground penetration radar survey at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA: Report prepared by Global Geophysics, Redmond, Wash., 105-0419.001, for Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., February 7. Global Geophysics, 2017b, Report for the ground penetration radar and electrical resistivity tomography surveys at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA: Report prepared by Global Geophysics, Redmond, Wash., 105-0419.002, for Shannon & Wilson, Inc., Seattle, Wash., May 1. 21-1-22288-060-R1-AC/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 C-i SHANNON MLSON, INC. GLOBAL GEOPHYSICS REPORT, 2016 21-1-22288-060 Global Geophysics P. O. Box 2229 Redmond, WA 98073-2229 December 7, 2016 Shannon & Wilson, Inc. 400 North 34th Street, Suite 100 Seattle, Washington, 98103 ATTENTION: Mr. Matthew Gibson Tel: 425-890-4321 Fax:206-582-0838 Our ref: 105-0419.001 RE: REPORT FOR THE GROUND PENETRATION RADAR SURVEY AT MEADOWDALE BEACH PARK, EDMONDS, WA Dear Mr. Gibson: This letter report presents the results of the geophysical survey performed by Global Geophysics on November 8, 2016 at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA. The objectives of the studies are to locate buried objects, such as foundations. GEOPHYSICAL METHODS, INSTRUMENTATION AND FIELD PROCEDURES Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to detect any discrete objects. Ground Penetrating Radar The GPR method uses electromagnetic pulses, emitted at regular intervals by an antenna to map subsurface features. The electromagnetic pulses are reflected where changes in electrical properties of materials occur such as changes in lithology or where underground utilities are present. The reflected electromagnetic energy is received by an antenna, converted into an electrical signal, and recorded on the GPR unit. The data is recorded and viewed in real time on a graphical display that depicts a continuous profile or cross-section image of the subsurface directly beneath the path of the antenna. The depth of penetration of the GPR signal varies according to antenna frequency and the conductivity of the subsurface material. The depth of subsurface penetration with GPR decreases with an increase in the frequency of the antenna and an increase in soil conductivity. Low frequency antennas (50 to 500 MHz) provide the best compromise between obtaining good subsurface penetration and resolution. Global Geophysics Shannon & Wilson, Inc. December 7, 2016 Mr. Matthew Gibson 2 106-0419.001 The data were collected along the same EM transects at a 2.5 foot interval using Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) SIR 2000 GPR system with antennas having a center frequency of 200 MHz. The data was digitally recorded for post processing. RESULTS The GPR anomalies are shown in Figure 1. The GPR anomalies are the inverted hyperbolic curves, which are the refracted waves from discrete objects, such as debris and boulders. The clusters of GPR anomalies within dashed orange lines are likely related to the remnant of abandoned structures. The area within the dashed blue line is interpreted as buried swimming pool due to the flat concrete floor with reinforced rebars. LIMITATIONS OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS Global Geophysics services are conducted in a manner consistent with the level of care and skill ordinarily exercised by other members of the geophysical community currently practicing under similar conditions subject to the time limits and financial and physical constraints applicable to the services. GPR is a remote sensing geophysical method that may not detect all buried objects. Furthermore, it is possible that interpreted features may upon intrusive sampling prove to have been misinterpreted or mis-located. Where interpretation from geophysical data is an important element for cost or safety of operations, it should always be checked for reasonableness against known or expected subsurface data, and verified at critical locations by physical means such as probing or drilling. Cautious and safe operating practices that will preserve the integrity of subsurface objects should always be used above and in the vicinity of known or possible objects. If you have any comments or questions, please contact Dr. John Liu at 425-890-4321. Sincerely, Global Geophysics John Liu, Ph.D., R.G. Principal geophysicist Global Geophysics 38093920 1: ' 38093900 . ' • 1 • 1 r ' 1 . ■ 1' 38093880 ' 1• 1 ' 38093860 • fa . ; •.. MO • : ■ i 14. ti �r �• ,, ��. y 1 01 • ' '' 38093840 1 . 1■ •• ;. • �■ • :. or ���� 38093820 • ' • . .: • 1 !-� ��::•• �• 1. ■ •,.•••'1 v 1 ' • e :.: • fill — • JL .. 38093800 ' • If • • ••• ♦ ,.,•• .■.. • ' '•Iwo so wo due NIP r /....wpm 1 if ' '•• ' 38093780 ■� •— '1' : ' , .. ; •� ' 'Pool' •� '%'' .r . 38093760 I '' . ti :� 1 �! �'� • '' wo ♦. .• oo . •` w 38093740 .• ■ 1296400 1296420 1296440 1296460 1296480 1296500 1296520 1296540 1296560 1296580 1296600 1296620 1296640 1296660 1296680 1296700 1296720 1296740 1296760 1296780 1296800 1296820 1296840 1296860 1296880 1296900 1296920 1296940 Legend: Clusters of GPR anomalies likely related to buried foundations or structures Interpreted pool location 11111111 Oft 25 ft 50 ft SHANNON MLSON, INC. GLOBAL GEOPHYSICS REPORT, 2017A 21-1-22288-060 2 2 317280 317260 _ 317240 2 L100-W L99-W J 2 L98-W 2 ? 2 2 L97-W 2 n 2 L9fi- ? � 2 3172219 2 2 2 2 Jd _ L94-W L98 :h W 2 z L92- ° i z 91-W i 317200 L90-W L89-W L88-W _ L87-W _ L86-W 2 317180 85 W _ L84-W 2 L83-W 2 317160 L82-W •2 L81-W '^ J L80. L79- O 9- L78-W 317140 h L77- y L76- % 317120 J h h 317100 • N h • h 317080 h h y 1271920 1271940 1271960 1271980 1272000 1272020 1272040 1272060 1272080 1272100 1272120 1272140 1272160 1272180 1272200 1272220 1272240 1272260 PROJECT Meadowdale Beach Park 0 ft 30 ft 60 ft Edmonds, WA TITLE GPR survey line location map Global Geophysics Project#:106-0419,00o F11 EN, GPRNS1EW----- DESIGN r ASSHOWPo RE.. P.O. Box 2229 CADD JL Redmond, WA 98073-2229 Tel: 425-890-4321 CHECK JL FIGURE 1-A REVIEW 317280 317260 a 317240 317220 317200 317180 317160 317140 317120 317100 317080 Approximate pool footprint 1/00001�+ ♦■♦ ♦ ..♦■ «■■ i♦*40 ■•♦ ♦ ♦♦ ' ♦ �■ ■ 41 44ZW 00 "too so ZI ♦ • ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ~ ♦■iwe i ♦ : ♦ �♦ ~ ♦ ♦ ♦♦ ♦ ♦ /�M: 3 j:sue 1271920 1271940 1271960 1271980 1272000 1272020 1272040 1272060 1272080 1272100 1272120 1272140 1272160 1272180 1272200 1272220 1272240 1272260 Legend: Shallow GPR Anomalies (mostly less than 4') Deep GPR Anomalies (mostly greater than 5') 0 ft 30 ft 60 ft SHANNON MLSON, INC. GLOBAL GEOPHYSICS REPORT, 2017B 21-1-22288-060 Global Geophysics P. O. Box 2229 Redmond, WA 98073-2229 May 1, 2017 Shannon & Wilson, Inc. 400 North 34th Street, Suite 100 Seattle, Washington, 98103 ATTENTION: Mr. Tyler Stephens Tel: 425-890-4321 Fax:206-582-0838 Our ref: 106-0419.002 RE: REPORT FOR THE GROUND PENETRATION RADAR AND ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY SURVEYS AT MEADOWDALE BEACH PARK, EDMONDS, WA Dear Mr. Stephens: This letter report presents the results of the geophysical surveys performed by Global Geophysics on April 1 lth and 12th, 2017 at Meadowdale Beach Park, Edmonds, WA. The objectives of the studies are to locate buried objects in the abutment of the railroad tracks. GEOPHYSICAL METHODS, INSTRUMENTATION AND FIELD PROCEDURES Ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography were used for this project. The followings describe the methods, field procedures and results. Ground Penetrating Radar The GPR method uses electromagnetic pulses, emitted at regular intervals by an antenna to map subsurface features. The electromagnetic pulses are reflected where changes in electrical properties of materials occur such as changes in lithology or where underground utilities are present. The reflected electromagnetic energy is received by an antenna, converted into an electrical signal, and recorded on the GPR unit. The data is recorded and viewed in real time on a graphical display that depicts a continuous profile or cross-section image of the subsurface directly beneath the path of the antenna. The depth of penetration of the GPR signal varies according to antenna frequency and the conductivity of the subsurface material. The depth of subsurface penetration with GPR decreases with an increase in the frequency of the antenna and an increase in soil Global Geophysics Shannon & Wilson, Inc. May 1, 2017 Mr. Tyler Stephens 2 106-0419.002 conductivity. Low frequency antennas (50 to 500 MHz) provide the best compromise between obtaining good subsurface penetration and resolution. The data were collected along four transects using Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) SIR 2000 GPR system with antennas having a center frequency of 200 MHz. The data was digitally recorded for post processing. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) The electrical resistivity tomography technique maps differences in the electrical properties of geologic materials. These differences can result from variations in lithology, water content, and pore -water chemistry. The method involves transmitting an electric current into the ground between two electrodes and measuring the voltage between two other electrodes. The direct measurement is an apparent resistivity of the area beneath the electrodes that includes deeper layers as the electrode spacing is increased. Recent advances in technology permit rapid collection of multiple soundings, using up to 56 electrodes for each spread. The data are modeled to create a 2-D geo-electric cross-section that is useful for mapping both vertical and horizontal variations of the subsurface strata. The data were acquired along two transects with an AGI SuperSting R8 using up to 56 electrodes spaced at a 5 feet interval. Once the electrode array was installed in the ground, multiple soundings were automatically carried out by the control unit. Downloading and routine modeling of the data was done on -site to provide preliminary analysis and QA/QC of the data. These results were displayed on a color monitor as cross-section that highlight changes in resistivity with depths along the transects. RESULTS The line locations are shown in Figure 1. The GPR profiles with interpreted anomalies are presented in Figure 2. The GPR anomalies are the inverted hyperbolic curves, which are the refracted waves from discrete objects, such as boulders. The dashed green line is interpreted as bottom of the fill. There are more GPR anomalies on Transect 1 and less GPR anomalies on Transect 4. The thickness of the fill increases from Transect I toward Transect 4. The resistivity profiles are presented in Figure 3. Three resistivity layers are evident. The first layer is inhomogeneous, which correlates with fill materials with mix of coarse and fine materials (higher resistivity correlates with coarser materials such as boulder and gravels). The 2nd layer with resistivity less than 100 ohm-m is interpreted as beach sand with brine water. The basal layer with high resistivity is interpreted as coarse materials with freshwater discharge. Global Geophysics Shannon & Wilson, Inc. May 1, 2017 Mr. Tyler Stephens 3 106-0419.002 LIMITATIONS OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS Global Geophysics services are conducted in a manner consistent with the level of care and skill ordinarily exercised by other members of the geophysical community currently practicing under similar conditions subject to the time limits and financial and physical constraints applicable to the services. GPR and ERT are remote sensing geophysical methods that may not detect all buried objects. Furthermore, it is possible that interpreted features may upon intrusive sampling prove to have been misinterpreted or mis-located. Where interpretation from geophysical data is an important element for cost or safety of operations, it should always be checked for reasonableness against known or expected subsurface data, and verified at critical locations by physical means such as probing or drilling. Cautious and safe operating practices that will preserve the integrity of subsurface objects should always be used above and in the vicinity of known or possible objects. If you have any comments or questions, please contact Dr. John Liu at 425-890-4321. Sincerely, Global Geophysics John Liu, Ph.D., R.G. Principal geophysicist Global Geophysics 317600 s 317550 I I 317500 317450 T 3N T— N —4 317400 317350 0 317300 ---- m 317250 >r t=— r 317200 % I 317150 T— T-1 S d N R 317100 �= R L r 317050 U 317000 1271700 1271750 1271800 1271850 1271900 1271950 1272000 1272050 1272100 =RCJE� Meadowdale Beach Park Edmonds, WA Oft 50 ft 100 ft TTLE Site Plan Global Geophysics Prq�#. 106-0419002 FILE No. GPR EW I DESIGN I ISCALE ASSHOWN IREV. P.O. BOX 2229 L JL Te1425-890-432Red d WA 073-2229 CHECK JL FIGURE 1 A - REVIEW -I Transect 1 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly Distance (ft) Zone of boulders and gravels GPR anomaly 11 0 ft N 20ftN 40ftN 60ftN 80ftN 100ftN 120ftN 140ftN 160ftN 180ftN 200ftN 220ftN 240ftN 260ftN 280ftN 300ftN Oft _ _ =- 77-7: -- - - - _ _ =a-- e - �_ Q •` - a•r�- �� 1 -' - •- - -_ - - s - �-.. 4p'f•1Aa - '�_ '_ A i . s - _ • - -� �'�►i l� + a • � � 20 ft _ - - - a s- sly �-- ;z� _ .�. _ _••�• •a - - - r• i .� � a - i �'�•a'�'6 - _ .��� _ �-_4 ���_ - - • _ . - . • - - 'f; i� `- _t�-i ._ � • `_ • '. •tti��: • is _ .-��>/���f �;i-f�-�•a-.. a - �--:• • 1='�ailA�i��fa-«� . s r a a r�..a r*� ii�►lrl4. - , � • J ►. a • • �( �1�si • s � • al�� • aas• . , i .. - ► • i _ =s c sa} sass -- .• �_ . s V a 1 `- •! (�_• • t'�_ -: 3ss`is�i i'� - .-a-. as}..� _ • -. - • _ M - a • • a - • .. � ♦ a s. � a !#�� i�r . a t a-7�� �+f ._ -� !. a_ -a -t - -e it•-a.--ifi-. • �--s• _ • -1 -a ��' t.�1�•- _- ,..' -. =t-s`�-� 30ft ' ��`•.a•. �a:_,�a,• �- - *-i= .sac.--c �_ _ _ - - + _ _- Bottom of fill? Transect 2 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly Distance ft () GPR anomaly GPR anomaly y GPR anomaly, 0 ft N 20 ft 40 f 60 ftN 80 ftN 100 ftN 120 ft 140 ftN 160 ftN 180 ftN 200 ft 220 ftN 240 ftN 260 ftN / \ 280 ftN 300 ft N ft 0 Aa- 71 -__ 0 20 ft -`_ .`'�� •i -..:- -- s: v S!`.tea{! . i `--`-y~3s,��S ~- l - '_ •~• '�!~y� A -'l . F --s> �^ _ �.-_ -•_.sue --., �-•-`-ter.'_ ,...1""'-`.�"•% .._ ` �_ Vs �_=�>#...� - - ' . • �._ .� �_�!»�i}3 �F� : -� '.a: ._. ��. - • • s.a -' 4'_- s+' :+� �.�_ 1=� s�aa`s �/1� - _ ~ r saJ� s - fs ♦• fs�+ 7�fC4�j "a�.s 7 _ . -� •_mot. rri Zip. ; ' = �� �" =,� ' -_� _ • �= '' -' � .-ems s a a, '`�_ys-�--���i _-i- +i-=�: t� � "--� � � --'�`` .7+`�=-� �- r rr�+�E♦� _��-.sue_. s.�s • :� '- � -r _s a;� . --- .cam_ r_t•-z�- s.t- � : a �y� - ° �s � _-� * � ��} � _. • a• � , �r : -sir-aa-"t t. _ = - >� - _- _ sit _ -.� - - Transect 3 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomaly Distance (ft) GPR anomaly Bottom of fill? 0 ft N 20 ft N 40 ftN ��60 ft \N\ 80 ft N 100 ft N 120 ft 140 ft N 160 ftN 80 ft N 200 ft N 220 ft N 240 ft N 260 ft N 280 ft N 300 ft N Oft- ------ -- -- - -- - - - - - - -------- -- -- - --- -- - - - - — loft y` _ r _.�. _ s - .�i -_� •►err' ir' - - �. �- s�-1>`�+ 0 _--� •-=�`�-�- 20 ft Zone of coarse materials, such as boulders and gravels '- - `- ' _ =a - _� _ _ _•.��'_ _'_ A _—� _ ft— 30 4 GPR anomaly GPR anomaly GPR anomal GPR anomaly Distance (ft) Transect- GPR anomaly Bottom of fill? r� 0ftN �20ftN \�\\40ftN 60ftN 80ftN 10 ftN 120ftN 140ftN 160ftN � 180ftN 200ftN 220ftN 240ftN 260 ft 280ftN 300 ft �� Oft 10 ft-� - ���__ - ` v-tea -"'F - r� : - _' .�.� - •�� _ 0 20 ft s_�� -! `�� � _� —_-_ - � ��� � �>���__�—'•�_� �-—='V�=saw` �_�."�'— —__ __- 7-21"M �~ _ --ems _ -.� _ �+---+ _� l� `• �- "� -. �` -- 1� - - - . -�--.% _�� _ _ PROJECT Meadowdale Beach Park Edmonds, WA 0 ft 20 ft 40 ft TITLE GPR Profiles Global Geophysics Project#:1060419.000 FILE No. GPR EW DESIGN SCALE ASSHOWN IREV. P.O. Box2229 CADD JL Redmond, WA 98073-2229 Tel: 425-890-4321 CHECK JL FIGURE 2 REVIEW Transect 2 0 ft 20 ft 40 ft 60 ft 80 ft 10 0 0 m w -10 ,In ft ft Transect 4 0 ft 10 0 0 Co 0 w -10 ,in Distance (ft) I 100 ft 120 ft 140 ft 160 ft 180 ft 200 ft 220 ft 240 ft 260 ft 280 ft 300 ft Distance (ft) 20 ft 40 ft 60 ft 80 ft 100 ft 120 ft 140 ft 160 ft 180 ft 200 ft 220 ft 240 ft 260 ft 280 ft 300 ft E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E O O O E E E E 'T M r— 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ,'I-Ln 00 M Ln Ln M 0') CD 0000 O�� 00 CD CO N M M � Ln rl- 00 CD CDN M E CDM= CO M N M M� CD LO = N M CO N N — —— 00 N LC) M N AMP 0 ft 20 ft 40 ft APPENDIX D HISTORICAL RESEARCH SHANNON MLSON, INC. 21-1-22288-060 APPENDIX D HISTORICAL RESEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS SHANNON MLSON, INC. Page D.1 INTRODUCTION)......................................................................................................... D-1 D.2 HISTORICAL RECORD SUMMARIES....................................................................... D-1 D.2.1 GNRHS Reference Sheet No. 156.................................................................... D-2 D.2.2 AFE 9663(1904).............................................................................................. D-2 D.2.3 AFE 11623 (1905)............................................................................................ D-2 D.2.4 AFE 12062 (1906)............................................................................................ D-2 D.2.5 AFE 13340 (1907)............................................................................................ D-3 D.2.6 AFE 15426(1908)............................................................................................ D-3 D.2.7 AFE 24396(1915)............................................................................................ D-3 D.2.8 AFE 25652(1924)............................................................................................ D-3 D.2.9 AFE 37050(1928)............................................................................................ D-4 D.2.10 AFE 46181(1932)............................................................................................ D-4 D.2.11 AFE 8502 (1936).............................................................................................. D-4 D.2.12 AFE 56925(1939)............................................................................................ D-4 D.2.13 AFE 56987(1940)............................................................................................ D-4 D.2.14 AFE 64136(1942)............................................................................................ D-5 D.2.15 AFE 76795 (1948)............................................................................................ D-5 D.2.16 AFE 87988(1956)............................................................................................ D-5 D.3 REFERENCE.................................................................................................................. D-5 FIGURES D-1 AFE-13340 D-2 AFE-15426 D-3 AFE-25652 D-4 AFE-56987 21-1-22288-060-xi f AD/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 D-1 APPENDIX D HISTORICAL RESEARCH D.1 INTRODUCTION) SHANNON MLSON, INC. This appendix presents a summary of historical records provided by the Great Northern Railway Historical Society (GNRHS). We contacted the GNRHS and were informed that their volunteers would be able to assist with archive research. After initial discussions regarding our topic of interest, they directed us to one of their publications, Reference Sheet number 156, titled "Construction of Great Northern's Seawall and Double Track Between Seattle and Everett, Washington (Intlekofer, 1989), and agreed to assist with researching their archives further. The GNRHS headquarters is in St. Paul, Minnesota, and they have a local archive in Burien, Washington. After they completed their initial search, we arranged to meet at their Burien archive to review locally available materials. During that meeting, GNRHS provided scanned images of selected documents, and indicated they would search the archives in St. Paul, Minnesota for additional records. After several weeks, we received notification that they had scanned a number of additional records which they provided on a DVD. Most of the reviewed historical records are organized by Authority for Expenditure numbers (AFEs), dated between 1904 and 1964. The AFE archives contain written work orders, material quantity records, and track schematics showing where construction had been completed and where construction was proposed. The schematics have railroad milepost along the bottom of the drawing, and separate areas to record progress for seawall construction, grading, and track laying. The AFE records are dated between 1906 and 1956. The project site is located between Mileposts 21.8 and 22.0. We compared observed site features to those described in historical documents and found relatively good agreement. In particular, we found seawall structures north and south of the project site, which are described in the historical documents and are in place today, and found reference to the existing concrete box culvert at the correct milepost in the historical documents. D.2 HISTORICAL RECORD SUMMARIES The following sections provide a brief synopsis of the information in the AFEs and other research material obtained from the GNRHS. 21-1-22288-060-xi f-AD/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 D-1 SHANNON MLSON, INC. D.2.1 GNRHS Reference Sheet No. 156 This document summarizes the construction of Great Northern Railway's (GNR's) seawall and second track between Seattle and Everett, Washington. It describes construction of the original rail line, completed in 1891, and the planning that began in 1905 for construction of a second track. AFE's were issued beginning in 1906 to begin construction of the second track embankment and seawall. The document summarizes AFE 13340, under which work started in 1907, covering the project area and extending several miles north and south. This document contains no detailed description of embankment construction in the project area, and does not indicate a temporary trestle was constructed at the site. A cross section in the document depicts new track and seawall, which includes a seawall constructed of large -diameter face rock along the outboard embankment face. The document confirms that the seawall was not continuous, with areas in Richmond Beach, Edmonds, and Mukilteo, and a few others where the city -owned land west of the tracks, so a seawall was not necessary. D.2.2 AFE 9663 (1904) We obtained information locally in Burien, and additional documents related to the AFE were discovered during research in St. Paul. The documents from Burien include a letter to Great Northern's Chief engineer detailing work for repair of damaged bulkheads and proposed second mainline construction between Ballard and Everett. The scope of work listed in the letter consists of clearing and grubbing, bulkhead construction, and grading and construction of bridges and culverts. Additional documents obtained from St. Paul archives include cost and estimated quantities for the proposed work and blueprints detailing the progress of the proposed improvements between Ballard and Everett. In the project area, grading and riprap placement was complete as of 1903 (date shown on blueprint); 22 culverts were also constructed between mileposts 21 and 22. D.2.3 AFE 11623 (1905) AFE 11623 does not include the project area but includes blueprints showing proposed changes to existing track between Mileposts 11, 13, 19, and 20. The proposed track changes are shown in red on the blueprints and proposed work near Milepost 20 includes straightening of the alignment mentioned in AFE 9663. D.2.4 AFE 12062 (1906) The document contains a single blueprint detailing progress of grading and seawall construction between Metum and Everett Junction. In the project area, construction of the seawall and grading for preparation of installing second mainline is complete by 1905. 21-1-22288-060-x1f-AD/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 D-2 SHANNON MLSON, INC. D.2.5 AFE 13340 (1907) AFE 13340 contains a single blueprint (Figure D-1), similar to AFE 12062, showing progress of seawall construction, grading, and track construction between Mileposts 8 and 33. Consistent with the progress noted in AFE 12062, the seawall and grading in the project area is complete, but no new track is placed. Notations on the blueprint show that the wall type constructed in the project area is a "Slope Wall" as compared to a "seawall" as noted in other areas. In the areas where grading is not complete, "hydraulic fill" is called for. D.2.6 AFE 15426 (1908) AFE 15426 contains a single blueprint (Figure D-2) consistent with the previous two AFEs (12062 and 13340) detailing progress of construction of new track, grading, and seawall construction between Ballard and Everett. The blueprint shows the final alignment of the double track, highlighting the areas of the existing main that are not be changed and the second mainline yet to be constructed. At approximately Mileposts 21 and 15, a temporary wooden trestle is called out in the notes. D.2.7 AFE 24396 (1915) AFE 24396 shows location on a single blueprint of barbed wire fence construction within the project area. The drawing shows a 4-foot by 4-foot by 62-foot-long double timber culvert at the approximate location of the existing concrete culvert. Township and Range values listed on the blueprint for the section of fence completed August 1914 correspond to the project area. The mileposts listed on the blueprint correspond to current BNSF Railway Company mileposts for the project area. D.2.8 AFE 25652 (1924) The project area is not included in this AFE, but design drawings of three bulkhead/seawall designs are included (Figure D-3), showing the stations where they are to be constructed. One of the seawall designs is for areas that contain temporary wooden trestles. The design drawings show the bents for the bridge to be buried in fill after construction of the wall. The stations where this type of seawall is constructed do not fall within the project limits. 21-1-22288-060-xi f-AD/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 D-3 SHANNON MLSON, INC. D.2.9 AFE 37050 (1928) AFE 37050 details the placement of riprap between Ballard and Everett Junction to repair storm damage during the winter of 1927-1928. In the project area between Mileposts 21 and 22, 110 cubic yards of riprap were placed to repair storm damage to seawall. D.2.10 AFE 46181 (1932) Work completed for AFE 46181 consists of adjusting account and records for filled culverts and plank crossings that were removed. Additional work consisted of adjusting signage for existing culverts and crossing to match track charts and adding signs to locations where none exist. Most of the work is located outside the project area. A single private crossing is listed as removed within project limits. D.2.11 AFE 8502 (1936) The only document included with the AFE is a track chart between Ballard and Everett showing locations where improvement work on the seawall is required. No work is indicated within the project limits. Notes within the project area suggest no repairs to the track or seawall. D.2.12 AFE 56925 (1939) Work completed for AFE 56925 consists of reinforcing damaged portions of the seawall and raising the height of the existing wall to protect the track and ballast from wave erosion between Seattle and Everett. In the project area, 300 cubic yards of large riprap were placed to raise the top of the slope protection. D.2.13 AFE 56987 (1940) AFE 56987 consists of a single blueprint (Figure D-4) showing construction plans for a standard 7-foot, 6-inch by 6-foot by 39-foot culvert. Notation on the print states that the plan for this culvert is for replacement of 36-inch concrete culvert 1'/a miles north of Meadowdale, Washington. The drawing identifies the structure as culvert number 21.83, which is consistent with railroad practice to number culverts and structures according to their milepost location along the rail line. Milepost 21.83 corresponds well to the location, and dimensions shown in the plan match well with dimensions for the existing culvert at the project site. Plan view of the culvert shows a width of 10 feet from outer wall to outer wall. 21-1-22288-060-xi f-AD/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 D-4 SHANNON MLSON, INC. D.2.14 AFE 64136 (1942) AFE 64136 consists of a written work order for replacing of 13 damaged timber culverts with concrete pipes and abandoning 6 culverts between Seattle and Everett. Supporting documents in the AFE provide location and status of culverts replaced, and indicate that no work was performed in the project area. D.2.15 AFE 76795 (1948) AFE 76795 details the construction of a 630-foot-long scrap rail and timber bulkhead to provide catchment and stabilization for landslide activity just south of the project area. The rail/timber wall terminates at the south end of the project area and continues south for 630 feet. The location of the wall coincides with the existing slope at the south boundary of the park. D.2.16 AFE 87988 (1956) AFE 87988 lists several locations between Mileposts 7 and 23 where construction of a rail and timber fence/bulkhead is required to reduce hazard from landslides. The location with the highest priority is located at Milepost 21.6. This is very close to the area called out for construction of the same structure in AFE 76795. The second document included in the AFE is a track chart showing location of structures, condition of seawall, and elevation changes from Ballard to Everett. The map shows priority order of slide fences/bulkheads at the bottom of the document. The location with the highest priority is Milepost 21.6, located south of project area. The elevation shown on the track charts shows the slopes to the north and south of the park limits. In the notes section at the top of the document, a 7.5-foot by 6-foot concrete box culvert is shown in the project area that corresponds to the existing structure and references AFE 56987, described above. D.3 REFERENCE Intlekofer, C. E, 1989, Construction of Great Northern's seawall and double track between Seattle and Everett, Washington: Great Northern Railway Historical Society Reference Sheet no. 156, p. 1-8, December. 21-1-22288-060-xi f-AD/wp/lkn 21-1-22288-060 D-5 IC L/-I rI II IICU. L/ IJ14U 10 I.LU rlVI NOTES 1. Original Scan obtained from Great Northern Railway Historical Society IC U-L rI 11]ICU. Ll IJ14U 10 I.41 rIV1 4 NOTES 1. Original Scan obtained from Great Northern Railway Historical Society 2 No Callout of Wooden Trestle between Mileposts 21 and 22. I _0 Meadowdale Beach Park and Estuary Restoration Project Snohomish County, Washington GNRHS HISTORICAL RESEARCH AFE 15426 February 2018 21-1-22288-060 SHANNON & WILSON, INC. FIG. D-2 Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants IC L/-J rI II IICU. Ll IJ14U 10 I.44 rlVI NOTES 1. Original Scan obtained from Great Northern Railway Historical Society 2 Approximate Station of Project Area is 1260+00 3 Bulkhead Style 1 utilized between stations 64+69 - 186+00. Bulkhead Type 2 utilized between between 199+00 - 207+30. Bulkhead Type 3 Utilized between Stations 186+00 - 183+00 SHANNON MWILSON. INC. APPENDIX E IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR GEOTECHNICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 21-1-22288-060 - SHANNON & WILSON, INC. Attachment to and part of Report 21-1-22288-060 - Geotechnical and Environmental Consultants Date: February 16, 2018 - To: Snohomish County Parks & Recreation Attn: Ms. Logan Daniels, PE IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR GEOTECHNICAL/ENVIRONMENTAL •: CONSULTING SERVICES ARE PERFORMED FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES AND FOR SPECIFIC CLIENTS. Consultants prepare reports to meet the specific needs of specific individuals. A report prepared for a civil engineer may not be adequate for a construction contractor or even another civil engineer. Unless indicated otherwise, your consultant prepared your report expressly for you and expressly for the purposes you indicated. No one other than you should apply this report for its intended purpose without first conferring with the consultant. No party should apply this report for any purpose other than that originally contemplated without first conferring with the consultant. THE CONSULTANT'S REPORT IS BASED ON PROJECT -SPECIFIC FACTORS. A geotechnical/environmental report is based on a subsurface exploration plan designed to consider a unique set of project -specific factors. Depending on the project, these may include: the general nature of the structure and property involved; its size and configuration; its historical use and practice; the location of the structure on the site and its orientation; other improvements such as access roads, parking lots, and underground utilities; and the additional risk created by scope -of -service limitations imposed by the client. To help avoid costly problems, ask the consultant to evaluate how any factors that change subsequent to the date of the report may affect the recommendations. Unless your consultant indicates otherwise, your report should not be used: (1) when the nature of the proposed project is changed (for example, if an office building will be erected instead of a parking garage, or if a refrigerated warehouse will be built instead of an unrefrigerated one, or chemicals are discovered on or near the site); (2) when the size, elevation, or configuration of the proposed project is altered; (3) when the location or orientation of the proposed project is modified; (4) when there is a change of ownership; or (5) for application to an adjacent site. Consultants cannot accept responsibility for problems that may occur if they are not consulted after factors which were considered in the development of the report have changed. SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS CAN CHANGE. Subsurface conditions may be affected as a result of natural processes or human activity. Because a geotechnical/environmental report is based on conditions that existed at the time of subsurface exploration, construction decisions should not be based on a report whose adequacy may have been affected by time. Ask the consultant to advise if additional tests are desirable before construction starts; for example, groundwater conditions commonly vary seasonally. Construction operations at or adjacent to the site and natural events such as floods, earthquakes, or groundwater fluctuations may also affect subsurface conditions and, thus, the continuing adequacy of a geotechnical/environmental report. The consultant should be kept apprised of any such events, and should be consulted to determine if additional tests are necessary. MOST RECOMMENDATIONS ARE PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENTS. Site exploration and testing identifies actual surface and subsurface conditions only at those points where samples are taken. The data were extrapolated by your consultant, who then applied judgment to render an opinion about overall subsurface conditions. The actual interface between materials may be far more gradual or abrupt than your report indicates. Actual conditions in areas not sampled may differ from those predicted in your report. While nothing can be done to prevent such situations, you and your consultant can work together to help reduce their impacts. Retaining your consultant to observe subsurface construction operations can be particularly beneficial in this respect. Page 1 of 1/2018 A REPORT'S CONCLUSIONS ARE PRELIMINARY. The conclusions contained in your consultant's report are preliminary because they must be based on the assumption that conditions revealed through selective exploratory sampling are indicative of actual conditions throughout a site. Actual subsurface conditions can be discerned only during earthwork; therefore, you should retain your consultant to observe actual conditions and to provide conclusions. Only the consultant who prepared the report is fully familiar with the background information needed to determine whether or not the report's recommendations based on those conclusions are valid and whether or not the contractor is abiding by applicable recommendations. The consultant who developed your report cannot assume responsibility or liability for the adequacy of the report's recommendations if another party is retained to observe construction. THE CONSULTANT'S REPORT IS SUBJECT TO MISINTERPRETATION. Costly problems can occur when other design professionals develop their plans based on misinterpretation of a geotechnical/environmental report. To help avoid these problems, the consultant should be retained to work with other project design professionals to explain relevant geotechnical, geological, hydrogeological, and environmental findings, and to review the adequacy of their plans and specifications relative to these issues. 101NI[e2X614:7_1►1o7[e7:7�ED]►1k1101NI►n1A:K%17_Nf_F9:1611J407►D1i-]=&-]=1:7_1:7_VI=lofa:if]dir11:1=10*101Aa Final boring logs developed by the consultant are based upon interpretation of field logs (assembled by site personnel), field test results, and laboratory and/or office evaluation of field samples and data. Only final boring logs and data are customarily included in geotechnical/environmental reports. These final logs should not, under any circumstances, be redrawn for inclusion in architectural or other design drawings, because drafters may commit errors or omissions in the transfer process. To reduce the likelihood of boring log or monitoring well misinterpretation, contractors should be given ready access to the complete geotechnical engineering/environmental report prepared or authorized for their use. If access is provided only to the report prepared for you, you should advise contractors of the report's limitations, assuming that a contractor was not one of the specific persons for whom the report was prepared, and that developing construction cost estimates was not one of the specific purposes for which it was prepared. While a contractor may gain important knowledge from a report prepared for another party, the contractor should discuss the report with your consultant and perform the additional or alternative work believed necessary to obtain the data specifically appropriate for construction cost estimating purposes. Some clients hold the mistaken impression that simply disclaiming responsibility for the accuracy of subsurface information always insulates them from attendant liability. Providing the best available information to contractors helps prevent costly construction problems and the adversarial attitudes that aggravate them to a disproportionate scale. READ RESPONSIBILITY CLAUSES CLOSELY. Because geotechnical/environmental engineering is based extensively on judgment and opinion, it is far less exact than other design disciplines. This situation has resulted in wholly unwarranted claims being lodged against consultants. To help prevent this problem, consultants have developed a number of clauses for use in their contracts, reports, and other documents. These responsibility clauses are not exculpatory clauses designed to transfer the consultant's liabilities to other parties; rather, they are definitive clauses that identify where the consultant's responsibilities begin and end. Their use helps all parties involved recognize their individual responsibilities and take appropriate action. Some of these definitive clauses are likely to appear in your report, and you are encouraged to read them closely. Your consultant will be pleased to give full and frank answers to your questions. The preceding paragraphs are based on information provided by the ASFE/Association of Engineering Firms Practicing in the Geosciences, Silver Spring, Maryland Page 2 of 1/2018