Ordinance 36320006.900000
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4/26/04
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ORDINANCE NO. 3632
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF EDMONDS,
WASHINGTON, AMENDING THE EDMONDS COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT CODE, CHAPTER 19.10 ENTITLED EARTH
SUBSIDENCE AND LANDSLIDE HAZARD AREAS,
PROVIDING A SAVINGS CLAUSE, AND FIXING A TIME
WHEN THE SAME SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE.
WHEREAS, the Earth Subsidence and Landslide Hazard Area is an area of
Edmonds that has been geologically active for thousands of years, and
WHEREAS, although public improvements have enhanced the overall stability of
property in the area, there remains both an underlying risk of deep seated earth movement and a
potential for earth movement based on other factors such as inclement weather, steep slopes,
seismic events, acts of man, failures of utility lines and many other factors, and
WHEREAS, the City's policy since 1983 has been to permit development of
property in the area consistent with the full extent of the property rights and obligations of its
citizens, so long as that development shoulders all costs and liabilities, both current and
potential, relating to development of the property, including full investigation of site conditions
by competent professionals, design for conditions and notification to the City and the Building
Department, neighboring property owners and future purchasers of the property of all risks
associated with development and the measures taken to mitigate such risks, NOW,
THEREFORE,
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THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF EDMONDS, WASHINGTON, DO
ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Chapter 19.10 Earth Subsidence and Landslide Hazard Areas
is hereby repealed, provided, however, that in the event that a court of competent
jurisdiction should strike down the enactment of Chapter 19.10 as provided in Section 2
below, or any portion thereof, Chapter 19.10 Earth Subsidence and Landslide Hazard
Areas or any part thereof parallel to the portion struck down, shall be and remain in
effect to the extent necessary to prevent any gap in regulation.
Section 2. The Edmonds Community Development Code is hereby
amended by the addition of a new Chapter 19.10 Earth Subsidence and Landslide
Hazard Areas to read as follows:
Chapter 19.10
BUILDING PERMITS - EARTH SUBSIDENCE AND
LANDSLIDE HAZARD AREAS
Sections:
19.10.000
Statement of purpose and application.
19.10.010
Section amendments.
19.10.020
Definitions.
19.10.030
Minimum required application
submissions.
19.10.040
Site posting notice, disclosures,
declarations, covenants and waivers.
19.10.050
Site bonds, contractor general public
liability insurance.
19.10.060
Review to determine compliance with
engineering practice and best available
science.
19.10.070
Issuance and denial of permits.
19.10.080
Site access, professional/special inspection
monitoring during construction and final
geotechnical report.
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19.10.000 Statement of purpose and application.
A. This chapter has been enacted in order to provide both
substantive and procedural provisions relating to the issuance of
permits within designated earth subsidence and landslide hazard
areas of the city. It shall be the policy of the city that no permit
shall be issued for any site which is found to be unsuitable for
improvement due to excessively steep slopes, unsatisfactory
foundation support, instability or unsuitable topography for the
particular permit requested for issuance. When development
occurs on an unstable site, an unreasonable risk of danger may
exist to the public, to public improvements or to adjacent property
owners. If such a site can be stabilized through the construction of
on -site improvements, that risk may be reduced.
B. The construction of professionally designed structures
addressing the risks of earth movement, and employing feasible
attendant measures (including but not limited to: drainage
improvements, specially designed foundations, retaining walls,
removal of overburden and other improvements designed to
minimize the risk of earth movement, prevent avoidable damage to
structures, safeguard adjacent properties, limit risk to inhabitants,
and to stabilize the structure in the event of movement) may
mitigate and reduce the risk of earth movement on individual
properties. Nothing herein shall relieve an owner of any obligation
imposed by the State Building Code or City ordinance to take all
reasonable and practical measures available to reduce or eliminate
the risk or hazard.
C. The IRGIBC, as promulgated by the state of Washington and
required to be adopted by the city, does not specify a standard
regarding lot stability. Since the city's request for an interpretation
of the uniform building code by the state building code council to
designate an acceptable level of lot stability was denied, and
because the city wishes to comply with state law requiring that the
issuance of building permits be a ministerial and not a
discretionary act, the provisions of this chapter have been adopted
in order to provide reasonable certainty in the permit issuance
process. The purpose of these provisions is not to lessen the
minimum requirements of the current adopted building code, but
rather to define its requirements for city implementation.
D. These provisions have been adopted in order to establish a
policy that permits shall not be issued for any site where a
substantial risk of earth subsidence and landslide hazard exist
unless:
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1. The risks can be defined with reasonable scientific certainty
and found to be within acceptable limits as determined in
accordance with this chapter.
2. Any hazard associated with the site is scientifically ascertained
and fully disclosed through the permit process.
3. Notice of any risk is given to future purchasers through the
land records of Snohomish County.
4. Any risks associated with construction and habitation are
assumed by the builder and future owners of the site.
5. Adequate indemnification is provided by the builder, and the
owner of, the site in order that the general public not assume or
bear any portion of the costs or liability associated with the
builder's investigation, design and construction as well as the
continuing maintenance of the site by the property owner.
E. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this ordinance or the
IRC /IBC, all applications for permits received for any site, any
portion of which lies within an earth subsidence and landslide
hazard area, shall be governed by the provisions of this chapter. In
addition to all other requirements of these sections, the restrictions
and provisions of this chapter shall apply to all building, grading,
fill and excavation permits (herein "permits "). Minor permits such
as plumbing, mechanical, re -roof and interior alterations are
exempt from the requirements of this chapter.
F. All applications for 19.10 ECDC permits shall disclose within
the geotechnical report whether or not any part of the site lies
within, or adjacent to an earth subsidence and landslide hazard area
or within a critical area as defined by the city's environmentally
critical areas title. The building official may require preliminary
investigation by a geotechnical engineer for any applicant whose
property lies within or lies adjacent to a known earth subsidence
landslide hazard area, or within a known hazard area, or areas with
steep slopes or unusual topography or which has a history of earth
movement in order to assist the building official in determining
whether these provisions should be applied.
G. Nothing in this chapter should or shall be interpreted to
guarantee issuance of a permit with respect to any property unless
the requirements of the IRC /IBC as amended and interpreted by
this chapter have been met.
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19.10.010 Section amendments.
The provisions of this section amend the 2003 edition of the
IRC /IBC and all subsequent revisions adopted by RCW 19.27.031
as the state building code as previously amended by Chapter 19.05
ECDC. All prior substantive amendments have received the
approval of the state building code council. All provisions of the
IRC /IBC which conflict with this chapter shall be deemed
amended hereby, and any ambiguity created, shall be resolved in
favor of the specific provision or general intent of said chapter. In
addition to the amendments of the IRC /IBC by its alteration,
improvement and correction to incorporate the chapter, the
following specific code provisions are amended and the
substantive and procedural requirements of Chapter 19.10 ECDC
are amended by the correction and alteration of the following
sections of the IRC /IBC:
A. Chapter 1 Administration.
1. Section R105.1.1 Permit Review Applicability. Any permit
requested for a site lying in whole or in part within an earth
subsidence and landslide hazard area as defined by ECDC
19.10.020(F) shall be processed and acted upon in accordance with
the provisions of Chapter 19.10 ECDC.
2. Section R105.2 Work exempt from a permit. ECDC 19.00.010
exemptions A, B, D, E, F, G, J, K, M, and P and ECDC 19.05.010
exemptions, A, C, and D shall not apply in any area designated as
an earth subsidence and landslide hazard area as defined in ECDC
19.10.020(F).
3. Section R105.3.2 Time limitation of permit application.
a. Applications, for which no permit is issued within two (2)
year following the date of application, shall expire by
limitation, and plans and other data submitted for review
may thereafter be returned to the applicant or destroyed by
the building official.
b. The building official may not extend the time for action by
the applicant on an expired application. In order to renew
action on an expired application, the applicant shall submit
a new application, revised plans based on current adopted
codes and pay new plan review fees as well as any
outstanding peer review fees incurred to date.
4. Section R105.5 Permit expiration and extension.
a. Every permit issued under the provisions and development
standards of Chapter 19.10 ECDC shall expire by limitation
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two (2) years after issuance, except as provided in ECDC
19.00.005(A)(6)(b).
b. Prior to expiration of an active permit the applicant may
request in writing an extension for a third and final year. If
the plans and specifications for the permit extension
application are the same as the plans and specifications
submitted for the original permit application and provided
there has been at least one (1) required progress inspection
conducted by the city building inspector prior to the
extension, the permit shall be extended. Permit fees shall
be charged at a rate of one half the original building permit
fee to extend the permit.
c. The maximum amount of time any building permit may be
extended shall be a total of three (3) years. At the end of
any three (3) year period starting from the original date of
permit issuance, the permit shall become null and void and
a new building permit shall be required, with full fees, in
order for the applicant to complete work. The issuance of a
new permit shall negate all previous vesting of zoning or
building codes. Whenever an appeal is filed and a
necessary development approval is stayed in accordance
with the Land Use Petition Act, the time limit periods
imposed under this section shall also be stayed until final
decision.
d. The building official shall reject requests for permit
extensions if modifications or amendments to the
applicable zoning and building codes have occurred since
the original issuance of the permit, and modifications or
amendments would significantly promote public health and
safety if applied to the project through the issuance of a
new permit.
5. Section R105.5.1 Recommence work on an expired permit.
a. In order to recommence work on an expired permit, a new
permit application with full fees shall be submitted to the
building official.
b. New permit applications shall be reviewed under current
zoning and building codes in effect at the time of complete
application submittal. If a new permit is sought to
recommence work on an expired permit, the new permit
shall be vested under the codes in effect at the time of
complete application for the new permit, not the expired
permit. When additional plan review is required, plan
review fees shall be charged. When applicable peer review
and peer review fees shall be assessed.
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6. Section R106.3.3.1 Phased approval.
a. The building official may require sequencing of
construction phases or activities such as the installation of
shoring or temporary erosion control remedies and /or
drainage systems, well in advance of grading or foundation
construction on a time frame consistent with geotechnical
recommendations and peer review. As part of the
sequencing process, the building official may impose
permit conditions that address site work sequencing to
include but not limited to: limiting all excavation, drainage
systems and foundation installation to the dryer season
between May 1st and September 301H
b. When permit conditions such as groundwork are limited by
the building official on a particular project, the applicants'
geotechnical engineer may submit a letter detailing
geotechnical recommendations that portions of work may
progress. The letter shall include a detailed work schedule
submitted by the general contractor specifying work to be
done, timeline, provisions for monitoring and equipment to
be used. Any such recommendation shall be based upon
best available science and be consistent with standard
geotechnical engineering practice. The building official
may require a peer review prior to a decision which
provides concurrence regarding at least the following
issues:
i. duration of work,
ii. type of equipment to use,
iii. additional temporary erosion and sediment
control provisions required, and
iv. applicability of special inspections, and similar
issues.
c. The building official may issue partial permits for phased
construction before the entire plans and specifications for
the whole building or structure have been approved
provided peer review approval has been granted. Phased
approval means separate permits for grading, shoring, and
foundation may be issued separately, provided concurrent
approval is granted by the planning manager, city engineer,
and city public works director, when applicable. No
phased approval permit shall be issued unless approved
civil plans detailing the construction of all site
improvements (including, but not limited to: curbs, gutters,
sidewalks, paved streets, water lines, sewer lines, and storm
drainage) have been signed as approved by the city
engineer. With such phased approval, a performance bond
shall be posted with the city pursuant to Chapter 17.10
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ECDC, to cover the estimated cost of construction to city
standards for the improvements.
B. Chapter 2 Definitions.
1. Section R 202 and IBC 202, are hereby amended to include the
definitions set forth in ECDC 19.10.020, incorporated by this
reference as fully as if herein set forth.
C. Chapter 4 Foundations.
1. Section R 401.1 General Exception 3. Any permit requested
for a site lying in whole or in part within an earth subsidence and
landslide hazard area shall be processed and acted upon in
accordance with the provisions of Chapter 19.10 ECDC.
D. IBC Chapter 16 Structural design.
1. Section IBC 1601.1.1 Scope. Setting forth the requirements of
Chapter 19.10 ECDC, incorporated by this reference as fully as if
herein set forth.
E. IBC Appendix J Grading.
1. Section IBC Appendix J 101.1.2 Scope. Setting forth the
requirements of Chapter 19.10 ECDC, incorporated by this
reference as fully as if herein set forth.
19.10.020 Definitions.
The following terms, when used within this chapter, shall have the
following definitions:
A. "Architect" shall mean a person licensed to practice
architecture by the state of Washington.
B. "Best available science" shall be determined in accordance
with the criteria established in WAC 365- 195 -900, et seq.
C. "Bluff' shall mean any slope ten (10) feet in height or greater
inclined at greater than 1 unit vertical in 1 unit horizontal or 100%
slope.
D. "Building Official" shall mean the building official of the city
of Edmonds.
E. "Director" shall mean the director of development services as
well as any authorized representative of the director.
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F. "Earth Subsidence and Landslide Hazard Area" shall mean any
area of the city which, by reason of excessively steep slopes,
unsatisfactory foundation support, stability or topography has a
risk of earth subsidence and landslide hazard in excess of normal
allowances. The earth subsidence and landslide hazard area is a
subcategory of landslide hazard area (a geologically hazardous
area) as defined in city of Edmonds environmentally critical areas
title. The hazard area designated as the North Edmonds Earth
Subsidence Landslide Hazard Area in the 2007 report of Landau
Associates and as may be amended in future adopted earth
subsidence and landslide hazard maps are hereby incorporated by
this reference and made a part of this chapter as fully as if herein
set forth and may be provided in a summary text form. Future
adopted landslide hazard maps shall be incorporated by reference
upon adoption by ordinance.
Areas designated on the adopted North Edmonds Earth Subsidence
and Landslide Hazard Areas Map, or any future adopted landslide
hazard map as having a risk of earth subsidence or landslide
hazard, areas with slopes as designated in ECDC 23.80.020, areas
which exhibit geologic characteristics of earth movement, or any
other area identified as having a history of earth movement shall be
presumed to have such risk and shall be considered to be an earth
subsidence and landslide hazard area. Applicants for permits in
such areas shall submit a geotechnical report and complete plan set
submittal as required by this chapter to the building official for
review.
The presumption of risk shall be rebuttable and the decision of the
director or building official that any area lies within, or adjacent to,
such earth subsidence and landslide hazard area shall be appealable
as a staff decision to superior court in accordance with the Land
Use Petition Act.
Copies of the reports and maps shall be maintained in the offices of
the building official and shall be available for inspection during all
normal working hours. Individual copies of the reports and map
may be obtained by the public upon the payment of the cost of
reproduction.
G. "General Contractor" shall mean a bonded, insured and
registered contractor in the state of Washington. A general
contractor shall maintain state required bonding and shall carry
general public liability insurance in the minimum amount of one
million dollars. The general contractor shall have a current valid
state contractor's license with the state of Washington and a city of
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Edmonds resident or non - resident business license, whichever is
applicable.
H. "Geologist" means a practicing geologist licensed in the state
of Washington with at least four (4) years experience as a licensed
geologist in responsible charge, including experience with
landslide evaluation.
I. " Geotechnical Engineer" means a practicing, geotechnical /civil
engineer licensed as a professional civil engineer in the state of
Washington who has at least four (4) years of professional
employment as a geotechnical engineer in responsible charge,
including experience with landslide evaluation.
J. "Landslide Hazard Area" means areas mapped or otherwise
defined by the city of Edmonds as environmental critical areas or
geologically hazardous areas.
K. "Land Surveyor" means a person who holds a Washington
State land surveyor's license.
L. "Lead Design Professional" means the person designated by
the applicant to oversee and coordinate the permit review process
on behalf of the applicant.
M. "Plan Set Submittal" means a complete application pursuant to
ECDC 19.00.015 including:
1. Vicinity Map.
2. Topography map and survey.
3. Civil plans including; grading, temporary erosion and sediment
control, storm drainage, utilities and site improvements.
4. Tree cutting /land clearing plans.
5. Geotechnical report.
6. Architectural and structural plans with design calculations,
stamped and signed by licensed design professionals of the
state of Washington.
N. "Site" means the entire area within the boundaries, as described
in a legal description, of the property that is to be developed under
the permit for which the applicant has applied.
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O. "Stable" shall mean that the risk of damage to the proposed
development, or to adjacent properties, from soil instability is
minimal subject to the conditions set forth in the reports developed
under the requirements of ECDC 19.10.030 and the proposed
development will not increase the potential for soil movement.
In the event that any site has an underlying risk of movement based
upon deep- seated earth movement or large -scale earth failure
which is not susceptible of correction by on -site improvements,
such hazard shall not render a site proposed for single- family
residences to be presumed unstable for the purpose of this
provision if the geotechnical engineer of record and
recommendation of any peer reviewer confirm the risk of
probability of earth movement is thirty (30) percent or less within a
twenty -five (25) year period.
In order to meet the definition of stable the geotechnical report
shall include identified hazards for the property and the mitigation
measures proposed to reduce or correct the hazards along with
measures taken to mitigate potential impacts from the remaining
hazards, including, all on and off site measures taken to correct or
reduce the risk. These shall be fully disclosed to the applicant and
future owners, heirs and assigns in the covenant required to be
executed in accordance with provisions of this chapter, in which
case the defined risk may be approved as an acceptable condition.
P. "Steep Slope" shall be defined and calculated pursuant to
Chapter 23.80 ECDC.
Q. "Storm Event" means one (1) inch or greater precipitation in a
twenty -four (24) hour period as reported by the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
R. "Structural Engineer" means a person licensed to practice
structural engineering by the state of Washington.
S. "Structural Fill" shall mean any fill placed below structures,
including slabs, where the fill soils are intended to support loads
without unacceptable deflections or shearing. Structural fill should
be clean and free draining and should be placed above unyielding
native site soils compacted in accordance with an approved
geotechnical report prepared utilizing best engineering science.
19.10.030 Minimum required application submittals.
A. The applicant shall submit a complete plan set submittal and
permit application and specifications for the proposed development
as defined in ECDC 19.10.020(M) and this chapter.
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B. An Earth Subsidence and Landslide Hazard area permit
submittal checklist shall be adopted at the direction of the director
and shall be provided to all persons inquiring regarding building
permit applications or development permits in the designated earth
subsidence and landslide hazard area of North Edmonds. The
submittal checklist shall include but not be limited to the
requirements contained in city public handouts, written policies,
adopted maps, reference maps, summary reports, minimum
geotechnical report guidelines, and the following:
1. North Edmonds Earth Subsidence and Landslide Hazard map.
2. Vicinity map.
3. Topographic map and survey.
4. Civil plans (i.e., grading, temporary erosion and sediment
control, storm drainage, utilities and site improvements).
5. Tree cutting /land clearing plan.
6. Geotechnical report.
7. Owner and professional declarations.
8. Detailed architectural and structural plans with structural
calculations and specifications.
9. Bonds, covenants and contractor public liability insurance in
accordance with the detailed requirements stated below.
If any item in the checklist is inapplicable to a particular project, a
letter or a report shall be provided to the director stamped by the
appropriate licensed design professional, with sufficient
information or data to demonstrate why the item is inapplicable.
The director may utilize appropriate licensed consultants to
determine if generally accepted engineering practice requires
submission of an application requirement. When consultants are
used to determine if generally accepted engineering practice
requires submission of an application requirement the cost of
review shall be paid by the applicant.
C. A copy of the North Edmonds Earth Subsidence and Landslide
Hazard map shall be included in the submittal checklist materials.
D. The vicinity map shall be suitable for locating the site and
include information related to existing conditions on or near the
site, based on the topographic map and survey and shall designate
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all known landslide masses, or debris flows or mud flows on or
near the site which could threaten proposed structures within 100
feet, as referenced, noted, described or discussed in the
geotechnical report.
E. The applicant shall submit a topographic map and survey
prepared and stamped by a licensed land surveyor, prior to studies
and evaluations by the geotechnical engineer, and shall show:
1. Map scale, north arrow, legal description, tax account parcel
numbers, easements, lot property lines.
2. Existing grade contour lines, at two (2) foot intervals.
3. All distances between existing structures on the site and
approximate distances of existing habitable structures on adjacent
sites within 50 feet of property lines (all adjacent sites which could
affect or be affected by the proposed development shall be shown).
4. Lowest footing or basement slab elevation of existing and
proposed structures on the property and on adjacent properties to
the extent that such information is reasonably available and,
proposed finish floor elevations.
5. The location of existing sanitary sewers, storm water drainage
facilities, septic tanks, drain fields, wells, piezometers, private
drainage systems, underground storage tanks, subsurface drains,
and other sewer /drainage facility components on, and adjacent to,
the site to the extent such information is reasonably available.
6. The location of all existing underground utilities on, and
adjacent to, the site including, but not limited to; telephone, cable
television, gas, electric and water utilities, vaults, fire hydrants and
other cables, wires, meters and drainage pipes to the extent that
such information is available.
7. A separate topographical drawing shall be submitted showing
proposed grade contours at two (2) foot intervals. This drawing
shall include bottom of proposed footing elevations including all
stepped footing elevations.
F. Civil engineered plans shall be prepared and stamped by a state
of Washington licensed civil engineer pursuant to the provisions of
Chapter 18.30 ECDC and current adopted City Stormwater
Manual. Geotechnical report recommendations affecting civil
plans shall be incorporated into the design and detailed on the
plans and shall include:
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1. Storm drainage plan with storm drainage calculations.
2. Provisions for building pad and foundation drainage.
3. Temporary erosion and sediment control with drainage and
maintenance provisions, and/or other sediment control assemblies.
4. Permanent erosion control with drainage and maintenance
provisions.
5. Fill /soil stockpile limitation provisions, specific location,
height, protection and maintenance.
6. Slope protection plans, rockeries, retaining walls, ecology
blocks, keystone block walls, soldier pile walls, and soil nail walls.
7. Utilities and site improvements.
8. Grading plans, temporary and permanent shoring plans, top and
toe of slope setbacks, driveway slope.
G. In lieu of the procedural requirements of Chapter 18.45 ECDC
a tree cutting /land clearing plan shall be submitted when
significant trees are proposed to be removed. A significant tree is
a tree with a trunk diameter of six inches or greater measured 4
feet from the ground. No significant tree shall be removed until
the permit is approved.
A detailed landscape plan may also be required in order for the city
to evaluate long -term erosion control measures. The plan shall
comply with all requirements of the ECDC relating to tree clearing
and critical areas review, if applicable. The director may require
the project geotechnical engineer's concurrence regarding an
approval of a tree cutting /land clearing plan when slope stability is
at issue.
H. Included in the permit submittal checklist shall be general and
specific soils and geotechnical information, details or analysis
required pursuant to IBC 1802. The applicant shall retain a
geotechnical engineer to prepare a report and evaluation of the
subsurface soil conditions on the site to include:
1. The geotechnical report shall be prepared in accordance with
generally accepted geotechnical engineering practices, under the
supervision of, and signed and stamped by, the geotechnical
engineer. A geologist may be required to be part of the
geotechnical consulting staff. The report shall reference the
Landau Associates Summary Report (2007) as a technical
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document reviewed as part of the geologic analysis for the project
and discuss all items listed in the permit submittal checklist and
shall make specific recommendations concerning development of
the site.
2. The opinions and recommendations contained in the
geotechnical report shall be supported by field observations and,
where appropriate or applicable, by literature review, conducted by
the geotechnical engineer. The report shall be based on best
available science.
3. The report shall include an analysis of material gathered
through appropriate explorations, such as borings or test pits to a
minimum depth of 6 feet below the proposed lowest footing or
pile, an analysis of soil characteristics conducted by or under the
supervision of, the engineer in accordance with the standards
adopted by the American Society of Testing and Materials
(ASTM) or other applicable standards. The report must provide
subsurface data to support the engineer's conclusions regarding
slope stability.
4. If the evaluation involves geologic evaluations or
interpretations, the report shall be reviewed and approved by a
geologist. It shall be the responsibility of the geotechnical
engineer to assure that the geologist meets the qualifications listed
in the definition section. A letter of concurrence from the
geologist shall be included in the report.
5. Based upon the North Edmonds Landslide Area Geology and
Slide Mechanisms map and table found in the Landau Associates
Summary Report (2007), any lot which contains any portion of any
hazard zone or is adjacent thereto, (regardless of whether the
proposed building pad is located within any hazard area) shall
specifically consider within the geotechnical report, the following
types of typical hazard zones and shall specifically note if the
hazard is, or is not, present on the site. The report shall address
hazards from encroaching landslide materials, hazards from ground
failure in material that has not previously failed, and hazards from
ground failure in previously failed material. For each landslide
hazard identified on a property, the geotechnical engineer shall
identify the types of specific processes associated with the hazard
and include design features to reduce such hazards and mitigate
impacts.
6. For properties containing or adjacent to bluffs, the geotechnical
engineer shall, as a part of the building permit process provide
analysis of the rate of retreat of the bluff prepared by a geologist
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and estimate the bluff retreat amount and regression rate for
periods of twenty -five (25) and 125 years. The geotechnical
engineer shall address the effects of bluff retreat on the stability of
structures and /or improvements. A structure is defined as:
a. A building intended for human habitation,
b. A building, structure or other improvement, whose stress
or weight, collapse or movement would endanger public
safety in the event of slope failure and,
c. Any improvement on the site which is necessary to
mitigate danger to public safety or provide stability.
If the bluff retreat rate analysis shows that the rate of retreat of the
bluff is such that any structure or improvement constructed
pursuant to the building permit would be unreasonably endangered
or reasonably could be anticipated to be endangered by landslide or
earth subsidence during its normal useful life, the application shall
be denied.
7. Geotechnical letter addressing the provisions of Chapter 23.80
ECDC.
I. The applicant shall submit, consistent with the findings of the
geotechnical report, detailed structural plans with corresponding
calculations prepared and stamped by the structural engineer of
record. When architectural plans incorporate such structural
details said plans shall be stamped and signed by the structural
engineer of record. All other architectural plans may be prepared
by an architect, designer, builder or lay person.
J. The applicant shall submit documentation of required bonds,
frozen funds or adequate instrument of credit. The applicants shall
submit a copy of the contractor's general public liability insurance
pursuant to ECDC 19.10.050.
K. The applicant shall submit declarations, disclosures, covenants
and waivers as required by ECDC 19.10.040.
19.10.040 Site posting notice, disclosures, declarations,
covenants and waivers.
A. Notices of permit submittal application with the city shall be
posted pursuant to ECDC 20.91.01013(b). Such notices shall be
conspicuously posted and maintained at each street frontage at the
applicant's expense and direction. Notice of permit issuance or
denial shall be conspicuously posted as required above. Upon each
posting a ten (10) day appeal period shall commence. Appeals
shall be heard at Snohomish County Superior Court in accordance
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -16-
with the Land Use Petition Act, and no other appeal shall be
permitted.
B. At permit application submittal, the applicant shall submit a
written declaration with the permit application that includes the
statement that the accuracy of all information is warranted by the
owner /applicant in a form which relieves the city and its staff from
any liability associated with reliance on such submittals.
The declaration shall also state that the owner /applicant
understands and accepts the risk of developing in an area with
potential unstable soils and that the owner /applicant will advise in
writing any prospective purchasers of the site, or any prospective
purchasers or residential lessees of structures or portions of a
structure on the site of the slide potential of the area.
The owner applicant shall also acknowledge that he, she or they
understand and accept the need for future monitoring and
maintenance of the property as described in the final geotechnical
report when future monitoring and maintenance may affect slope
stability over time. While an application may reference the reports
of prior public consultants to the city, all conclusions shall be those
of the owner /applicant and his or her professionals.
C. The plan set submittal shall include a disclosure letter from the
geotechnical engineer and civil engineer who prepared the
geotechnical report and civil plans, stating that in his or her
judgment the plans and specifications submitted for the project
conform to the recommendations in the geotechnical report, and
that the risk of damage to the proposed development, or to adjacent
properties, from soil instability will be minimized subject to the
conditions set forth in the report; and the proposed development
will not increase the potential for soil movement.
Minimized shall mean that the applicant has utilized best available
science and commonly accepted engineering and architectural
practice to minimize, to the extent possible, the risks associated
with development of the property.
The geotechnical engineer shall review the erosion and sediment
control plan and provide a statement about the adequacy of the
plan with respect to site conditions and report findings. The
geotechnical engineer's statement shall also include an
identification of landslide hazards applicable to the site, the on -site
measures taken to correct or reduce the hazards, as applicable, and
measures taken to mitigate potential impacts from the remaining
hazards.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -17-
For sites where the hazards are not mitigated or where the risks
from deep- seated or large -scale earth movement cannot be
practically reduced by individual lot owners, the geotechnical
engineer shall prepare a statement identifying what design
measures will be taken to mitigate the risk to structures, adjacent
properties, and inhabitants in the event of deep- seated or large -
scale movement. The statement shall specify any risks from earth
movement that are not fully mitigated by design measures and
render an opinion as to whether the site will be stable within the
meaning of the ordinance following installation of all proposed
improvements. The statement will clarify to current and future
owners what measures were installed to reduce risks and what
hazards could not be addressed by individual lot development.
D. Further recommendations signed and sealed by the
geotechnical engineer shall be provided should there be additions
or exceptions to the original recommendations based on the plans,
site conditions or other supporting data. If the geotechnical
engineer who reviews the plans and specifications is not the same
engineer who prepared the geotechnical report, the new engineer
shall, in a letter to the director accompanying the plans and
specifications, express agreement or disagreement with the
recommendations in the geotechnical report and state that the
revised plans and specifications conform to the new
recommendations.
E. The plan set submittal shall include a disclosure letter or
notation on the design drawings by the structural engineer of
record stating that; he has reviewed the geotechnical report(s), that
he understands its recommendations, has explained or has had
explained to the owner /applicant, the risk of loss due to slides on
the site, and that he has incorporated into the design the
recommendations of the report and established measures to reduce
the potential risk of injury or damage that might be caused by any
risk of earth movement referenced in the report. The statement
shall note any risks, hazards, potential problems from earth
movement that are not fully mitigated by design measures.
F. The owner shall execute a covenant, (in a form provided by the
city) to be submitted with the application (with necessary fee) to be
filed with the Snohomish County Auditor. The director shall cause
such completed covenant to be so filed. A copy of the recorded
covenant shall be forwarded to the owner. This covenant shall be a
covenant running with the land, which shall at a minimum include:
1. A legal description of the property.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} - 18 -
2. A statement explaining that the site is in a potential earth
subsidence and landslide hazard area, that the risk associated with
the development of the site is set forth in permit file No.
with the city of Edmonds building department, that conditions or
prohibitions on development may have been imposed by the city in
the course of permit issuance, and referencing any features in the
design which will require maintenance or modification to address
anticipated soil changes. The covenant may incorporate by
reference the statements and conditions to be observed in the form
proposed by the owner /applicant's geotechnical engineer,
geologist, architect and /or structural engineer as approved after the
review set forth in ECDC 19.10.060.
3. A statement waiving and promising to indemnify and hold
harmless the city of Edmonds, its officers and employees from any
claims the owner /applicant and his /her successors or assigns may
have for any loss or damage to people or property either on or off
the site resulting from soil movement and arising from or out of the
issuances of any permit(s) authorizing development on the site, as
well as due to any act or failure to act by the indemnitor , its agents
or successors, in interest under or following issuance of the permit.
4. The date of permit issuance and permit number authorizing the
development.
19.10.050 Site bonds and contractor general public liability
insurance.
A. Site bonding requirements.
1. A surety bond, in an amount to be determined by the director,
executed by a surety company authorized to do business in the
state of Washington shall be posted by the owner /applicant or
general contractor to assure the restoration of any areas on the site,
or in the surrounding area, disturbed or damaged by slides during
construction, and to ensure completion of the work authorized by
the permit, or, if the work is not completed, to assure that the site
will be restored to a safe and stable condition at least equal to the
safety and stability of the site prior to commencement of work
under the permit. The bond will be exonerated upon occupancy
approval of the building permit by the building official.
2. In lieu of the surety bond, the owner /applicant or general
contractor may propose to file a cash deposit or an instrument of
credit with the director in an amount equal to that which would be
required in the surety bond, and similarly conditioned.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} - 19 -
B. Public liability insurance. The general contractor of record
shall carry general public liability insurance effective through final
occupancy in the minimum amount of one million dollars, and
which shall name the city as an additional named insured, against
the injury, death, property damage and/or loss arising from or out
of the city's involvement in the permitting process for the project.
C. Homeowner insurance. The city strongly recommends that
each property owner maintain policies of liability insurance,
adequate to provide sufficient funds, to indemnify and hold
harmless third parties in the event of earth subsidence or landslides
emanating from or across the owner's property.
19.10.060 Review to determine compliance with
engineering practice and best available science.
A. The city shall require professional peer review of the plan set
submittals accompanying the permit application by a civil
engineer, geotechnical engineer, geologist, and /or structural
engineer as may be necessary and determined by the building
official or director, in order to determine whether the plan set
submittals were prepared in accordance with generally accepted
engineering practice or the practice of the particular engineering or
design specialty and are based upon best available science. The
full cost of such peer review shall be paid in full by the
owner /applicant within thirty (30) days of billing by the city.
Failure to make timely payments shall result in a stay of city plan
review services on the application.
B. This requirement may be selectively waived at the discretion of
the director provided the applicable project geotechnical engineer,
civil engineer or structural engineer provides written concurrence,
determination, details, facts and/or data that individual site
conditions warrant an exemption from outside peer review. Once
waived, the building official shall not be required to inquire further
into the adequacy of any report, plans, or data, but rather may rely
upon the submittals as warranted by the owner /applicant as
reviewed by the city's consultant. Nothing herein shall relieve the
owner /applicant of the obligation to submit a complete application
fulfilling all the requirements of this chapter and the IRC /IBC.
C. The final recommendation of the peer review regarding
whether a submittal complies with generally accepted practice
and /or is based on best available science shall be binding upon the
building official. Such recommendation may be appealed to
Superior Court under the Land Use Petition Act.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -20-
19.10.070 Issuance and denial of permits.
A. Permit Issuance. The following requirements must be satisfied
before a permit will be issued:
1. An approved geotechnical report has been submitted and
approved.
2. Plans and specifications have been submitted incorporating the
recommendations of the geotechnical report and said plans have
been approved.
3. The required declarations, disclosures, covenants and waivers
have been submitted and approved.
4. Required bonds, cash deposits and public liability insurance
have been posted with the city.
5. When peer review has been required, all submittals have been
determined to have been prepared in accordance with generally
accepted engineering practice.
6. Peer review concurrence for permit issuance has been received
by the building official.
7. All other provisions of ECDC Titles 16, 18 & 20 have been
reviewed and approved by the appropriate city official.
B. Permit denial. The following criteria shall result in the denial
of issuance of permit:
1. Building, grading and excavation permits for construction on
land which the director finds to be unsuitable for improvement due
to excessively steep slopes, unsatisfactory foundation support,
instability or unsuitable topography, or
2. The resulting development would increase the potential of soil
movement resulting in an unacceptable risk of damage to adjacent
properties or an unreasonable risk of damage to the proposed
development, or
3. Excessive flooding, seepage, high water table, or inadequate
drainage, or
4. If the bluff retreat rate analysis shows that the rate retreat of the
bluff is such that any structure or improvement would be
unreasonably endangered or reasonably could be anticipated to be
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -21-
endangered by landslide or earth subsidence during its normal
useful life, the application shall be denied. A structure is defined
as:
a. A building intended for human habitation,
b. A building, structure or other improvement, whose stress or
weight, collapse or movement would endanger public safety in
the event of slope failure and,
c. Any improvement on the site which is necessary to mitigate
danger to public safety or provide stability, or
5. Other hazardous conditions posing an unreasonable risk to
public health, safety, or welfare, or
6. Where the noted site dangers or geologic hazards are not
minimized to the extent possible by the use of best available
science and generally accepted engineering and architectural
practice, or
7. If the applicant's geotechnical engineer determines that there is
a greater chance than thirty (30) percent in a 25 year period that
landslide damage on site will occur.
C. In making a determination of permit denial, the director shall
consider not only the land which is the subject of the application,
but in addition, the surrounding area which would be adversely
affected if the permit were granted. Permit denial shall be made in
writing to the owner /applicant when the site cannot be rendered
stable as defined in ECDC 19.10.020(0). This decision and other
preliminary determinations as referenced herein shall be
appealable to Snohomish County Superior Court in accordance
with the Land Use Petition Act. No other appeal shall be
permitted. The appeal period shall commence upon the date of
mailing of any preliminary or final decision, or upon posting, if
posting is the only notice a party with standing receives under the
terms of this chapter.
D. Prohibitions. Because of the relationship of groundwater to
stability, the discharge of collected surface water or storm water to
the ground surface or subsurface is prohibited on sites within the
earth subsidence and landslide hazard area. In addition, the
following construction, buildings, or improvements are hereby
prohibited within the earth subsidence and landslide hazard area:
1. Swimming pools or hot tubs.
2. Ponds or other artificial impoundments of water.
3. Watering or irrigation systems.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -22-
4. Temporary or permanent stockpile of fill on top or bottom of
slopes.
5. Rockeries.
E. Waiver. The prohibitions established in paragraph D above
shall apply unless the property owner requests a waiver based upon
the written analysis of a geotechnical engineer which clearly
establishes that the proposed improvement will have no reasonable
likelihood of triggering or otherwise contributing to any landslide
hazard or earth subsidence risk either on the site or in the
neighboring earth subsidence or landslide hazard area.
In any review or appeal of the director's or building official's
denial of a waiver to construct an otherwise prohibited
improvement, the burden of proof shall always be upon the
applicant to establish by a clear preponderance of the evidence,
that no such risk will be created by the improvement. Any
geotechnical engineering report provided in any review shall
consider not only the risk incurred due to or during construction of
the otherwise prohibited improvement, but also the potential
impacts due to failure to maintain the improvement, damage
through reasonably foreseeable events such as earthquakes or other
acts of God, or the reasonably foreseeable negligence of the owner
or future owners. The director may utilize peer review consultants.
19.10.080 Site access, professional /special inspection
monitoring during construction and final
geotechnical report.
A. Site clearing and grading. The owner /applicant or contractor
shall secure the building official's approval before entering an
earth subsidence and landslide hazard area site with excavating or
other grading and clearing equipment to clear, remove trees or
grade for any purpose including the creation of access to the site.
The building official may condition such access approval if site
conditions are warranted and when discretionary approval permits
are required. As part of the approval process the building official
may impose conditions that address site work issues; such
measures could include but are not limited to limiting all
excavation and drainage installation to the dryer season between
May and the end of September, or sequencing activities such as the
installation of drainage systems well in advance of construction.
Requests for early site access in advance of building permit
approval or in the time period between October 1St and April 30th
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -23-
for any purpose shall be submitted to the building official
accompanied by written concurrence of the owner /applicant's
geotechnical engineer of record.
The building official may utilize peer review consultants to
determine whether the request is based on generally accepted
engineering practice and is reasonable with regard to time -frame to
complete the work, types of equipment proposed to perform the
work, length of exposure of slopes, and adequacy of site
monitoring and temporary erosion control measures. When such
peer review is utilized the applicant is responsible for the peer
review fee.
B. Reporting authority. The owner /applicant shall retain a
geotechnical engineer to monitor the site during construction. The
owner /applicant shall preferably retain the geotechnical engineer
who prepared the final geotechnical report in the plan set submittal
and who has reviewed the approved plans and specifications.
If a different geotechnical engineering consultant is retained by the
owner /applicant, the new geotechnical engineer shall submit a
letter to the director stating that he or she has read all reports and
recommendations and reviews to date and state whether or not he
or she agrees with the opinions and recommendations of the
original geotechnical report and peer review comments. Further
recommendations, signed and sealed by the new geotechnical
engineer, and supporting data, shall be provided should there be
exceptions or changes to the original recommendations that would
effect the approved plans.
C. Construction monitoring, special inspections.
1. Inspection requirements. During the period from October lst to
April 30th, when on site, the owner /applicant or designated erosion
sedimentation control (ESC) site supervisor shall perform erosion
and sedimentation control inspections. Records of installed ESC
facilities shall be maintained by the erosion and sedimentation
control supervisor and copies of all ESC records shall be provided
to City inspectors upon request.
ESC facilities on inactive sites (sites where no work will be
performed for more than three (3) consecutive days) shall be
inspected weekly by the erosion and sedimentation control
supervisor. During all other times of the year, weekly inspections
by the ESC site supervisor are required and shall be recorded.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -24-
2. Weekly field reports. The geotechnical engineer shall monitor,
during construction, compliance with the recommendations in the
geotechnical report including; site excavation, shoring, temporary
erosion control, soil support for foundation, piles, sub drainage
installation, soil compaction and other geotechnical aspects of the
construction. Unless otherwise approved by the director, the
specific recommendations contained in the geotechnical report
shall be implemented by the owner /applicant. Omissions or
deviations from the approved geotechnical report and civil plans
shall be highlighted to the city in a separate report. All reports
shall be submitted to the city on a weekly basis for review. Failure
to submit required reports may result in the issuance of a stop work
order.
3. Storm events. During all work periods, special inspections shall
be performed after storm events as defined in ECDC 19.10.020(Q).
The storm event report shall be provided within one week of the
event.
D. Final construction report. The geotechnical engineer of record
shall prepare a final written report to be submitted to the building
official, stating that based upon his or her professional opinion, site
observations and final site grading that the completed development
substantially complies with the recommendations of the
geotechnical report and with all geotechnical related permit
requirements as shown on the approved plans.
Substantially complies means that the completed development
offers at least the level of stability and safety, on and off site, as
was afforded by the original recommendations and report.
Recommendations to the owner /applicant shall be included in the
report for future monitoring and maintenance of the property
including drainage, tightlines, catch basins, berms, retaining wall
drainage, hazard mitigation improvements, slopes, bluffs,
vegetation, and permanent erosion control that effect slope stability
over time. Occupancy of the residence shall not be granted until
the report has been reviewed and accepted by the building official.
Section 3. Severability. If any section, sentence, clause or phrase of this
ordinance should be held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent
jurisdiction, such invalidity or unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity or
constitutionality of any other section, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance.
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -25-
Section 4. Effective Date. This ordinance, being an exercise of a power
specifically delegated to the City legislative body, is not subject to referendum, and shall
take effect five (5) days after passage and publication of an approved summary thereof
consisting of the title.
ATTEST /AUTHENTICATED:
CITY CLERK, SANDRA S. CHASE
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
OFFICE OFT Y ATTORNEY:
BY
W. SCOTT SNYDER
APPROVED:
MA OR G r AAAKENSON
FILED WITH THE CITY CLERK: 03/16/2007
PASSED BY THE CITY COUNCIL: 03/20/2007
PUBLISHED: 03/28/2007
EFFECTIVE DATE: 04/02/2007
ORDINANCE NO. 3632
{WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/} -26-
SUMMARY OF ORDINANCE NO. 3632
of the City of Edmonds, Washington
On the 20th day of March, 2007, the City Council of the City of Edmonds, passed
Ordinance No. 3632. A summary of the content of said ordinance, consisting of the title,
provides as follows:
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF EDMONDS, WASHINGTON, AMENDING THE
EDMONDS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CODE, REPEALING CHAPTER 19.05
EARTH SUBSIDENCE AND LANDSLIDE HAZARD AREAS, AND ENACTING IN ITS
PLACE CHAPTER 19.10 EARTH SUBSIDENCE AND LANDSLIDE HAZARD AREAS,
PROVIDING A SAVINGS CLAUSE, AND FIXING A TIME WHEN THE SAME SHALL
BECOME EFFECTIVE.
The full text of this Ordinance will be mailed upon request.
DATED this 21 st day of March, 2007.
�V'
CITY CLERK, SANDRA S. CHASE
{ WSS655773.DOC;1/00006.900000/ }- 27 -
STATE OF WASHINGTON,
COUNTY OF SNOHOMISH
SUMMARY OF ORDINANCE NO. 3632
of the City of mon s, Washington
On the 20th day of March, 2007, the City Council of the of
Ce c0 tenI of said ordinance, consisting offt the title, provides
as follows:
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF EDMONDS, WASH -
INGTON, AMENDING THE EDMONDS COMMUNITY ti
DEVELOPMENT CODE, REPEALING CHAPTER 19.05
I EARTH SUBSIDENCE AND LANDSLIDE HAZARD
E CHAPTER
19.10 L'ARTH SUBSIDENCE AND LANDSLIDE HAZ-
ARD A
FlRIAG A E WHEN THE SAME SHALL BECOME I
EFFECTIVE.
The full text of this Ordinance will be mailed upon request.
DATED this 21st day of March, 2007.
CITY CLERK, SANDRA S. CHASE
Published: March 28, 2007.
RECEIVED
APR 0 4 2007
EDMONDS CITY CLERK
Account Name: City of Edmonds
Affidavit of Publication
S.S.
The undersigned, being first duly sworn on oath deposes and says that she is Principal Clerk of
THE HERALD, a daily newspaper printed and published in the City of Everett, County of
Snohomish, and State of Washington; that said newspaper is a newspaper of general
circulation in said County and State; that said newspaper has been approved as a legal
newspaper by order of the Superior Court of Snohomish County and that the notice
Summary of Ordinance No. 3632
City of Edmonds
a printed copy of which is hereunto attached, was published in said newspaper proper and not
in supplement form, in the regular and entire edition of said paper on the following days and
times, namely:
March 28, 2007
and that said newspaper was regularly distributed to its subscribers during all of said period.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 28th
day of March, 2007
NOTARY
Notary Public ' d for e State of Washington, residing at Ev etEjS Ror{1i'shcvva
County.
Account Number: 101416 Order Number: 0001490289