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2023-03-08 Planning Board Packet1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. o Agenda Edmonds Planning Board V REGULAR MEETING BRACKETT ROOM 121 5TH AVE N, CITY HALL - 3RD FLOOR, EDMONDS, WA 98020 MARCH 8, 2023, 7:00 PM REMOTE MEETING INFORMATION: Meeting Link:https://edmondswa- gov.zoom.us/s/87322872194?pwd=WFdxTWJIQmxlTG9LZkc3KOhuS014QT09 Meeting ID: 873 2287 2194 Passcode:007978 This is a Hybrid meeting: The meeting can be attended in -person or on-line. The physcial meeting location is at Edmonds City Hall 121 5th Avenue N., 3rd floor Brackett R000m Or Telephone :US: +1 253 215 8782 LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES We acknowledge the original inhabitants of this place, the Sdohobsh (Snohomish) people and their successors the Tulalip Tribes, who since time immemorial have hunted, fished, gathered, and taken care of these lands. We respect their sovereignty, their right to self-determination, and we honor their sacred spiritual connection with the land and water. CALL TO ORDER APPROVAL OF MINUTES A. Draft February 15 special meeting minutes ANNOUNCEMENT OF AGENDA AUDIENCE COMMENTS ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTS PUBLIC HEARINGS UNFINISHED BUSINESS A. Review and Approval of Planning Board Handbook B. Project Status: Tree Code Updates AMD2022-0004 NEW BUSINESS A. Planning Board Feedback on Draft Vision Statement B. 2023 Climate Action Plan PLANNING BOARD EXTENDED AGENDA A. 2023 Extended Agenda Discussion Edmonds Planning Board Agenda March 8, 2023 Page 1 10. PLANNING BOARD CHAIR COMMENTS 11. PLANNING BOARD MEMBER COMMENTS 12. ADJOURNMENT 13. GENERIC AGENDA ITEMS Edmonds Planning Board Agenda March 8, 2023 Page 2 2.A Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 03/8/2023 Approval of February 15 Special Meeting Minutes Staff Lead: David Levitan Department: Planning & Development Prepared By: Michelle Martin Background/History Planning Board's February 8 regular meeting had several technical difficulties, including an outdated Zoom link and the lack of an audio or video recording. In response, the Planning Board held a special meeting on February 15 to repeat the February 8 meeting agenda, including another opportunity for audience comments. Staff Recommendation Approve draft minutes from the Planning Board's February 15 special meeting. Narrative Draft minutes attached. Attachments: PB230215 Special Mtg draft Packet Pg. 3 2.A.a CITY OF EDMONDS PLANNING BOARD Minutes of Special Hybrid Meeting February 15, 2023 Chair Gladstone called the special hybrid meeting of the Edmonds Planning Board to order at 7:05 p.m. in Council Chambers noting that this was a repeat of the February 8, 2023 meeting. LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Board Member Mitchell read the land acknowledgement. Board Members Present Judi Gladstone, Chair Todd Cloutier Lauren Golembiewski Jeremy Mitchell Susanna Martini Beth Tragus-Campbell Nick Maxwell (alternate) Lily Distelhorst (student rep) Board Members Absent Richard Kuehn Staff Present David Levitan, Planning Manager READING/APPROVAL OF MINUTES MOTION MADE BY BOARD MEMBER CAMPBELL, SECONDED BY BOARD MEMBER MITCHELL, TO APPROVE THE MINUTES OF THE DECEMBER 14, 2022 JOINT MEETING WITH THE TREE BOARD AS PRESENTED. MOTION PASSED WITH BOARD MEMBERS CLOUTIER, MAXWELL, AND GOLEMBIEWSKI ABSTAINING. MOTION MADE BY BOARD MEMBER CAMPBELL, SECONDED BY BOARD MEMBER MITCHELL, TO APPROVE THE MINUTES OF THE JANUARY 25, 2023 MEETING WITH THE AMENDMENTS AS SUGGESTED BY CHAIR GLADSTONE IN HER EMAIL. MOTION PASSED WITH BOARD MEMBER CLOUTIER ABSTAINING. ANNOUNCEMENT OF AGENDA Chair Gladstone recommended moving New Business Item B regarding the Design Review Process to just after Audience Comments. THERE WAS UNANIMOUS CONSENT TO APPROVE THE AGENDA AS AMENDED. Planning Board Special Meeting Minutes February 15, 2023 Page 1 of 6 Packet Pg. 4 2.A.a AUDIENCE COMMENTS A. Written Public Comments related to February 8 Meeting Planning Manager Levitan noted that the City had received several emails related to Item 8B in advance of and following the February 8 meeting, which are attached to the agenda packet. • Stanley Piha February 7 Email and Attachment • Theresa Hollis February 8 Email and Attachment • Theresa Hollis February 10 Email and Attachment Part 1 • Theresa Hollis February 10 Email #2 with Plat Map Additional Public Comments: David Cohanim, SytjgW Construction, Inc. stated he was representing developers of the project at 2365 80 Avenue West. They have been working with the City of Edmonds on this project for quite a while. Plans were submitted for design review that met all relevant criteria under the municipal code. Now the project has been stopped by the actions of the City Council. They are unable to move forward, and there has been substantial financial impact due to this. The Emergency Ordinance that was enacted by the City Council calls for substantive changes to the nature of the proposed structure that were not present in the zoning code at the time they submitted for review. This project has been called out repeatedly by city staff as the impetus for these moves. He expressed concern that Judy Gladstone is a neighboring resident of the project under discussion and has spoken out about her position regarding the project and the zoning issues associated with it. Since the Planning Board serves as an advisory board to the City Council on which Ms. Gladstone serves as Chair, he expressed concern about a conflict of interest. He recommended that Chair Gladstone recuse herself from any matters pertaining in any way to the project under discussion as well as zoning and related legislation associated with the project, particularly with regard to CG zoning. Stanley Piha spoke regarding transit -oriented development which he believes should be as significant a focus of the Planning Board as it is at the current state legislative session. As defined in part by Senate Bill 5466, an act related to promoting transit -oriented development, a station hub means all parcels that are fully or partially within a quarter -mile radius of a major transit station. Further defined in the senate bill, a major transit stop means a site that has been funded for development or a site on a bus rapid transit route or a route that runs on high -occupancy vehicle lanes. Mr. Piha stated that governance creating transit -oriented development activities should be a priority of the Planning Board. Community Transit recently announced the proposed shuttle service from the Edmonds Kingston ferry terminal and terminating at the Mountlake Terrace Light Rail Station with stops along the way. As a result, the Bus Rapid Transit platform at 238th and Highway 99 will be one of the most transit -concentrated hubs in the city of Edmonds. It is the only intersection that will have both north and south Bus Rapid Transit platforms on each side of the highway. This creates an opportunity to create a transit - oriented development radius as defined by the senate bill allowing the most accessible access to public transportation. He noted that multifamily properties already exist across the street from single-family zoned properties on 80 Avenue between 236th and 238ffi. He spoke in support of a suggestion at a recent Architectural Design Review Board meeting to create a transition between the CG zone and the single-family zone by changing the single-family zones along 80 to RM 2.4 or RM 1.5. He stated that the quarter -mile radius from 238th and Highway 99 should be viewed by the Planning Board as a transit -oriented development opportunity. Promoting density here will provide a means of addressing the housing crisis and promoting easy access to all Planning Board Special Meeting Minutes February 15, 2023 Page 2 of 6 Packet Pg. 5 2.A.a forms of public transportation for those who would benefit most. He thinks all properties within this radius should be excepted from the conditions outlined in the Emergency Ordinance to allow needed housing to be built. Finis Tupper online), Edmonds resident, expressed concern about where Edmonds is headed and the way that the current government is operating. He expressed frustration that he was unable to attend the February 8 meeting because of technical difficulties. He is concerned about open and transparent government and stated there are consequences for violating the Open and Public Meetings Act. Glenn Douglas (online), Gateway community, stated he is getting ready to put together another citizens' petition regarding persistent speeding on 80 Avenue West. He thinks adding a 261-unit apartment building at 236th and 84t' will only exacerbate this. He thanked anyone on the Board who helped get the new stop signs put in at that intersection, but it is not enough. He is frustrated that the southbound radar feedback sign has not been reinstalled, and the northbound radar feedback sign has not been activated. He suggested relocating both radar feedback signs to more effective locations. He commented that asphalt speed bumps have been recommended by neighbors. He would appreciate some feedback or some kind of response. Deborah Arthur said she also tried to get on for the last Planning Board meeting and had technical difficulties. She requested clarification about the area along 84th they are talking about developing. She expressed concern about speeding traffic along the side streets in this area and pedestrian safety issues she has witnessed. NEW BUSINESS B. Design Review Process and Step Back Standard for Certain CG-Zoned Projects (AMD2022-0008) Chair Gladstone stated that she has been involved as a private citizen on this issue. It is her intent to continue to serve impartially and take in information as she would on any other issue coming before the Planning Board. Planning Manager David Levitan reviewed a PowerPoint presentation that was presented on February 8. He explained that due to a lack of recording and other technical difficulties, that meeting was being repeated. He reviewed some of the history and provisions of Interim Emergency Ordinance 4283. It requires a two-phase public hearing and decision by Architectural Design Board (ADB) for projects above 35 feet in height; requires an additional building step back when across the street from an RS zone, unless deemed unnecessary by the ADB, and is valid for six months from adoption (June 10, 2023) with a permanent ordinance required beyond that date. He reviewed considerations regarding the design review process. Right now, they are seeing about one new project per year. He asked for feedback on whether the ADB should have additional quasi-judicial decision -making responsibilities. If so, is the two-phase public hearing a better process than a single -meeting hearing? He discussed existing and interim step back requirements including factors to be considered regarding across -the -street step backs. He reviewed design tools and requested feedback on additional design tools to be considered. He requested feedback and stated this would go back to the ADB on February 23 for additional code refinement and recommendations to the Planning Board. The Planning Board will further refine, hold a public hearing, and make a recommendation to Council. The Council must adopt permanent standards by June 10, 2023. He summarized some of the previous discussion. Board Member Mitchell asked how the Supplemental EIS plays into this. Planning Manager Levitan explained that was added as part of the Council budget package as part of the 2023 project to analyze some of the Planning Board Special Meeting Minutes February 15, 2023 Page 3 of 6 Packet Pg. 6 2.A.a development assumptions within the Planned Action EIS related to trip generation and the ability to handle stormwater. He pointed out that the Planned Action EIS went through all the required processes and was subject to public comment and potential appeals which did not happen. Staff is working on ways to integrate this analysis with the needed environmental review for the Comprehensive Plan update as a whole. Board Member Golembiewski asked if the projects in the CG zone are not required to go through the ADB, are there any other opportunities for public comment in the permit process to get feedback on the design or the proposed development? Planning Manager Levitan thought there would be an opportunity for a Type 2 public process even though it would be reviewed administratively. Board Member Golembiewski stated that the process of going through the ADB seems counterintuitive to the subarea plan which was designed to streamline development in this area. She thinks public input is important, and she is comfortable as long as the public has the opportunity to provide comment for staff to review. She spoke to the importance of believing that staff will be working in the best interest of the community. Board Member Campbell spoke to challenges with public comment opportunities as has been heard tonight. If they are not going through the ADB process, what else can the City do to make sure people's comments are heard? Planning Manager Levitan stated that a Type 2 process would require public notification be sent to neighbors within 300 feet of the boundaries of the project property. If someone comments on that they become a party of record and would be notified of any notice of decision and would have the opportunity to appeal the project if they wished to. Board Member Campbell asked about the possibility of expanding the notification radius to reach out to a greater number of people. Planning Manager Levitan thought it could be discussed. Chair Gladstone asked about the vision of the Planned Action EIS. Planning Manager Levitan replied that a Planned Action was done recognizing the role of high -capacity transit coming down Highway 99 and that the area has the potential to meet a lot of the City's identified housing needs, especially multifamily residential. There was a public process in establishing the subarea plan as well as doing the environmental review through the State Environmental Policy Act. The general intent of the Planned Action was to evaluate transportation and stormwater impacts in that area so it would streamline development. Chair Gladstone requested more information about the history of the CG area and the EIS so they can get a better accounting of this. She also suggested that a joint meeting with the ADB might be helpful to get their perspective before making a recommendation. Chair Gladstone asked about differences in street widths in the CG zone. Planning Manager Levitan thought street widths vary in that area from about 40 to 80 feet; however, this would apply only to CG-zoned properties that are directly across from RS zones so it would be very limited. Board Member Campbell said she would like to see additional information and more detail about the equity piece related to whether step backs would be required. She is concerned about the language in the proposed ordinance that says that step backs would be required unless the ADB determined that they weren't needed. If that condition is left in there, it is important to set out clearly what those requirements are. She can see the benefits to having the flexibility in there but expressed concern about potential inequities between developers. Chair Gladstone asked about the reason for the shift in the emergency ordinance to add review by the ADB regarding step back requirements. Planning Manager Levitan thought the emergency ordinance reanalyzed the ability for the ADB to have discretion about whether step backs are needed and implemented the two-phase design review process. Planning Board Special Meeting Minutes February 15, 2023 Page 4 of 6 Packet Pg. 7 2.A.a Board Member Mitchell asked if there is still an ability by the developer to prove to the ADB that step backs aren't needed. Mr. Levitan explained that the applicant can state why they don't think they are needed when they present their design. He offered to bring back more information about this. Board Member Mitchell agreed with Board Member Campbell's concerns about consistency. He noted that in his experience step backs are the first thing to go. Board Member Golembiewski asked about the possibility that a developer would propose no step backs on either adjacent properties or across the street the way the code is written. Mr. Levitan explained that in the interim ordinance the discretion for the ADB applies to both adjacent and across the street. The language could be changed if desired. There was some discussion about how the code language development process happens with the Planning Board. ADNIINISTRATIVE REPORTS None PUBLIC HEARINGS None UNFINISHED BUSINESS A. Everyone's Edmonds Vision Statement and Comprehensive Plan Update Planning Manager Levitan explained that at the last meeting he had reviewed the visioning process and the vision statement: "Edmonds is a welcoming city offering outstanding quality of life for all. We value environmental stewardship, vibrant and diverse neighborhoods, safe and healthy streets, and a thriving arts scene. We are engaged residents who take pride in shaping our resilient future. " The next step in the process will be to do a citywide mailing with a QR code and other opportunities for people to log on to a survey to provide their feedback. He had also asked for general feedback from Planning Board members on the vision statement. The general consensus was that this isn't necessarily a vision statement, but it is just stating what we are. There was a general thought that a vision statement should be more aspirational and forward looking. Board Member Maxwell commented as long as they have the time it would be great to have an additional mail out survey. He stressed that there should be opportunities for people who aren't comfortable with technology, don't have access to smart phones, or have other accessibility issues to be able to respond as well. Board Member Martina agreed that they really need to remember accessibility for the disabled and aging community. She wonders how much feedback they would get from them if they had to go online versus having a survey mailed to them or an opportunity to call a phone number. Planning Manager Levitan thanked them for the feedback. NEW BUSINESS A. Planning Board Retreat Preparation Planning Board Special Meeting Minutes February 15, 2023 Page 5 of 6 Packet Pg. 8 2.A.a Planning Manager Levitan summarized the discussion from the last meeting. There was a staff report with options about what they could discuss. There was a desire from Planning Board members to have the opportunity for an overview of the OPMA from the City Attorney. He will be attending remotely. Any board members who have not completed the OPMA training should still go through the online training through the Attorney General's office. There was also discussion at the meeting about having an introduction to planning and comprehensive planning from Joe Tovar as recommended by past Planning Board Chair Roger Pence. Staff is still finalizing the preliminary work plan. There was some discussion about trying to approve the handbook, but due to lack of time they decided to wait for a regular meeting. Board Member Campbell proposed adding a discussion about the public input for the 2023 traffic calming program. The deadline for this is coming up on March 3. Planning Manager Levitan said he would check with Public Works to see if they could provide an overview. Chair Gladstone said she wanted to make sure this was within their scope. Board Member Campbell said she wanted to provide an opportunity to make sure the public knew about this. Chair Gladstone did not think it was an appropriate topic for this retreat due to limited time. Board Member Campbell withdrew her request. PLANNING BOARD EXTENDED AGENDA This will be discussed at the retreat. PLANNING BOARD CHAIR COMMENTS Chair Gladstone thanked Planning Manager Levitan and staff for figuring out how to make up for the errors that occurred in the last meeting. PLANNING BOARD MEMBER COMMENTS Board Member Campbell thanked everyone for providing public comments. Board Member Mitchell thanked staff for putting this together on such short notice. He is looking forward to the retreat. Board Member Maxwell also thanked staff for the work. Student Representative Distelhorst thanked staff. Board Member Martini also thanked staff for the meeting. ADJOURNMENT: The meeting was adjourned at 8:35 p.m. Planning Board Special Meeting Minutes February 15, 2023 Page 6 of 6 Packet Pg. 9 7.A Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 03/8/2023 Review and Approval of Planning Board Handbook Staff Lead: David Levitan Department: Planning Division Prepared By: David Levitan Background/History ECC Section 10.40.020(D)(6) requires the Planning Board to "adopt rules of procedure and rules governing election and duties of officers of the board". In response, staff prepared a Planning Board handbook that addresses these requirements and seeks to provide additional background and context related to the role and duties of the Planning Board, as well as assist with the onboarding of new members. The draft handbook was introduced at the Planning Board's December 14, 2022 meeting and discussed again at their January 25, 2023 meeting. Staff has incorporated comments from those two meetings into an updated draft, which is attached. Staff Recommendation Planning Board members are asked to review the updated draft of the handbook in advance of their March 8 meeting and provide any requested edits, and, if ready, entertain a motion to approve the handbook. Narrative Changes made to the handbook since it was last reviewed by the Planning Board on January 25 include: 1) References to Chapter 35.63 RCW, which regulates planning commissions (boards) in Washington state. 2) Revisions to the "Staff Roles and Responsibilities" section to reference titles/positions, as opposed to individuals. 3) Updated information and links related to Open Public Meetings Act (OPMA) training and resources. 4) What is and is not appropriate for board members to discuss outside of a public meeting. 5) Potential considerations for members that miss multiple meetings, and clarification that excused absences are at the discretion of the Board Chair. 6) Additional details on the process to elect officers (Chair and Vice Chair) and how to fill those positions should they become vacant during the year. Packet Pg. 10 7.A 7) Information on Robert's Rules of Order, which shall be utilized to run meetings except when in conflict with ECDC Chapter 10.40 and the handbook. Links to the MRSC website are provided for additional information. 8) Discussion of how board members may participate in and testify on issues affecting the City of Edmonds, with clarification that this should be done in an individual capacity (unless officially representing the board) and that disclosure of such activities may be needed/warranted. 9) General updates related to meeting times, locations and hybrid meetings. Attachments: DRAFT Planning Board Handbook - March 8 Edition Packet Pg. 11 DRAFT Planning Board Handbook I11—��O This handbook is intended to provide an overview of the Planning Board and its processes and to gather useful references in one place. It is not exhaustive but touches on many of the aspects of the Board's organization and work. Rules of procedure and rules governing the election and duties of officers are included. Two important documents are referenced in the handbook and are available on the City's website - the City's Comprehensive Plan and the Edmonds City Code and Community Development Code (ECDC). Welcome from the Planning and Development Director Hello! The City of Edmonds boards and commissions play an important role in serving our community. Each provides advice and recommendations to the Mayor and City Council regarding programs, activities, and issues unique to their mission and purpose. Edmonds Planning and Development Department oversees the Architectural Design, Planning and Tree Boards in addition to the Historical Preservation Commission. I am generally responsible for handling board budgets, staffing, and any legal or policy issues that may arise. Thank you for your volunteer service to the City of Edmonds. Susan McLaughlin, Director Planning Board History The Planning Board was created by Edmonds City Council in 1980 (Ordinance 2170). The Board combined the activities of the Park and Recreation Advisory Board, the Parking Commission, the City Planning Commission and Shorelines Management Citizens Advisory Committee. The Board has an official webpage which summarizes a variety of information about Board activities. Planning Board Powers and Duties All City boards and commissions have powers and duties codified in Title 10 of the Edmonds City Code (ECC), with the Planning Board covered by ECC Chapter 10.40. Chapter 10.40 must be consistent with Chapter 35.63 RCW (Planning Commissions), which, among other things, identifies the powers of planning commissions; details the manner of appointments; and details organization, meetings, and rules. Per RCW 35.63.040, the Planning Board is required to hold at least one regular meeting in at least nine of the 12 months in a calendar year. The Planning Board's powers and duties are spelled out in Section 10.40.020(C) and are listed below. C. Powers and Duties. The planning board shall serve in an advisory capacity to the mayor and the city council in the following matters: Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 12 7.A.a 1. The board shall advise on all amendments to the comprehensive plan. This includes reviewing all elements of the plan on a periodic basis and reporting to the mayor and city council on the need for changes in the plan. It also includes holding public hearings and making recommendations to the mayor and city council on proposed changes to the plan, to the text of the development regulations, and also to the zoning map in the case of rezones, as provided in ECDC Title 20. Review of and recommendations for the plan may be prepared as a whole or in successive parts. 2. The board shall advise the mayor and city council on all parking matters that involve an amendment or other modification to any city ordinance or code section within the jurisdiction of the board. 3. The board shall serve as an ongoing park board and advise the mayor and city council on all matters relating to the acquisition and development of all city parks and recreation facilities. 4. The board shall do research and investigation on specific projects assigned to it by the mayor and city council. The board will analyze data collected, arrange for public participation, and organize its findings. The board will then present its findings to the mayor and city council detailing a summary of pertinent data, public contribution, alternatives available, and may, if appropriate, recommend a course of action, giving reasons for such recommendation. 5. The board shall have such other powers and duties as contained in Chapter 35A.63 RCW, as may be amended from time to time, that are not otherwise specifically delegated to the hearing examiner or other specific staff or agency of the city. Chapter 10.40 is included in its entirety as Appendix 1. Orientation The appointment process is outlined in ECC Section 10.40.020(A). Upon confirmation by the City Council, a city email address is assigned to board members for their use. All Board -related correspondence and meeting agendas from the city will be sent to that email. Board members should not use their personal email for City or Board business, which is subject to public disclosure and, when applicable, the Open Public Meetings Act (OPMA). Staff Roles & Responsibilities The Planning Manager is the staff liaison to the Planning Board and should be the main point of contact for board matters and has subject matter expertise related to Board business. They provide guidance in developing the Board's extended agendas, coordinate with the Board Chair on meeting agenda items, and facilitate/record Board meetings. The Senior Administrative Assistant to the Planning Division is primarily responsible for distributing meeting agendas and posting minutes once they are approved. Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 13 7.A.a The Executive Assistant to the Mayor manages personnel on City boards and commissions, advertises for vacancies, and maintains the Planning Board position list. If your personal information changes during your tenure or should you need to resign your position during your term for any reason, please contact the Mayor's Executive Assistant. Current Contact Information (as of March 2023): members will be informed of anv chan Planning Manager: David Levitan, dlevitan@edmondswa.gov Senior Admin Asst: Michelle Martin, michelle.martin@edmondswa.gov Mayor's Exec Asst: Carolyn LaFave, carolyn.lafave@edmondswa.gov Planning Director: Susan McLaughlin, susan.mclaughlin@edmondswa.gov The Planning and Development Department is located on the second floor of City Hall (121 5th Ave. N) and can be reached at 425-771-0220. Open Public Meetings Act (OPMA) training The Washington State Open Public Meetings Act (OPMA), found in RCW 42.30.020, and ECC Chapter 10.02 strive for greater government transparency by requiring all board/commission business be conducted in open public meetings. All new board members are required to take OPMA training within 90 days of appointment and to retake the training every four years. The City Attorney typically provides an abbreviated training at a regular board meeting or the board retreat early in the year, but board members are also encouraged to take the more thorough Attorney General's Office OPMA training as well. Board members should provide Planning staff with a copy of their training certificate so that it can be forwarded to the City Clerk. OPMA and communicating via email, social media. phone. etc. Violations of OPMA laws can result in penalties, as well as a breakdown in confidence in government. The city and individuals (staff or board members) can be held liable for OPMA violations. For that reason, board and commission members are advised to conduct business in regular or special meetings and retreats, but not engage in emails and other electronic communication between members outside of meetings. While board members may engage in conversations not specifically related to board business outside of public meetings, they should err on the side of caution for topics that may come before them, as even seemingly innocuous conversations or email discussions can unknowingly become "rolling quorums" or "serial meetings" in violation of OPMA rules. Urgent information that is to be conveyed to all board members prior to the next meeting should be sent to staff for distribution via "BCC" with 'no reply' expressly stated at the top of informational emails. This handout from the Municipal Research Services Center (MRSC) helps explain electronic communications under OPMA rules. Meetings "Regular meetings" are held in person the second and fourth Wednesdays of the month at 7 PM in the Brackett Room on the third floor of Edmonds City Hall, which is located at 121 5tn Avenue N, unless otherwise noted. Planning Board meetings are scheduled for 2 hours but may run under or over time, depending on the agenda. Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 14 7.A.a Since December 2022, the Planning Board has operated under a hybrid meeting format, with board members and the public able to attend (and provide oral testimony) either in person or via the Zoom online platform. Board members are encouraged to attend in person when possible but may fully participate remotely. Hybrid meetings utilize the Zoom webinar platform, with board members joining as a "panelist" (which allows for members to speak and interact during the entire meeting), while members of the public join as an "attendee," which allows them to watch and listen to the meeting and be promoted by staff during public comment periods of the meeting (either general public comments or specific to a public hearing item) to provide oral testimony. Please allow sufficient time to join the webinar and notify staff if you are having technical difficulties. "Special meetings" are any meetings that take place outside the regularly scheduled date, time and/or place. Public notice is required at least 24 hours in advance. The special meeting agenda must be posted online and physically at 3 locations: in City Hall, at the Edmonds Public Library and in the entrance to the Public Safety Building, outside Council Chambers. Once a special meeting agenda is posted, the board cannot consider any subject or issue that is not listed on the agenda per OPMA rules. Members may remove items but not add new items. Special meetings are typically called for emergencies or to focus on a specific topic or topics. "Joint meetings" involving the Planning Board occur periodically. The Board may join another group's meeting (as with City Council) or may host another board or commission to discuss certain topics of common interest (Tree Board, Economic Development Commission, Architectural Design Board, etc.). The Board "retreat" occurs during the first quarter of each year. The Board's work plan for the year is typically established at the retreat. Meeting Agendas The purpose of an agenda is to organize Board business, set and achieve goals, plan events, and work on projects efficiently. Meeting agendas are a coordinated effort: • Members contact Chair/Vice Chair with clearly stated agenda topics. Chair may ask member(s) how much time the topic may need and who will be leading the discussion. The Chair may suggest to members certain topics be placed on a subsequent meeting agenda. • The Chair and staff discuss the upcoming meeting agenda to further clarify and prioritize topics. A final meeting agenda is due to staff by 5pm on the Friday prior to the upcoming meeting. • Although agendas can be posted up to 24 hours before the meeting, out of courtesy to members, staff posts upcoming meeting agendas the Friday prior to the next meeting. That allows members sufficient time to review the upcoming meeting agenda, read the previous meeting minutes and complete any action items prior to the next meeting. • Agendas (including special meeting agendas) must be posted at least 24 hours before the meeting, or the meeting cannot be held. Posting the meeting agenda constitutes public noticing. Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 15 7.A.a Extended Agenda The Planning Board maintains an extended agenda, which is a forward -looking schedule containing several months of meeting dates and proposed topics. Ever evolving, this agenda is intended for longer term meeting schedules and maintaining a list of quarterly and annual agenda items as well as topics of Board concern for future work. Meeting Attendance Your attendance at Planning Board meetings is important! If something arises that prevents you from attending a regular meeting, please notify the Planning Manager and the Planning Board Chair (or Vice Chair, as needed) as early as possible. Excused absences are at the discretion of the Chair and must be noted during the roll call. Per ECC Section 1.05.010, members of all boards/commissions must attend at least 70% of the regular meetings in any one calendar year and cannot miss more than 3 consecutive meetings, excused absences notwithstanding. Any board member that does not meet attendance requirements may be removed from that position by the mayor, per ECDC 1.05.020 and 1.05.030 (Appendix 2). Should a board member experience continued difficulties in meeting the minimum meeting requirements, they are encouraged to consider whether they are able to make the time commitment needed to serve on the Planning Board. Meeting Notes Planning Board meetings are recorded by audio and video and professionally summarized as draft meeting minutes to provide sufficient detail on board discussions and actions. Draft minutes are included in the meeting packet of a future meeting (most often the next meeting) for approval by the board. Board members should review the draft minutes and discuss any changes to them that are needed. Once approved (or approved as corrected), meeting minutes are posted on the Planning Board meeting webpage. Board Administration, Membership, Officers, and Quorum By code, the Planning Board consists of seven members plus one alternate. The Board may also have a non -voting student representative. All Board members must be Edmonds residents and ideally be from different areas of the city. No planning experience is required; the goal is to have board members with varied occupational and professional experience. Officer Positions Officers are typically selected the last meeting of the year or the first meeting of a new year. If volunteering for an officer position, please carefully consider your personal schedule, your comfort level with electronic communication and availability outside of meetings for tasks such as coordinating meeting agendas. While it is not essential to have an in-depth knowledge of planning topics, the Chair should be familiar with rules of order to facilitate meetings. When nominating someone, consider the same. The Chair runs board meetings and is the primary liaison with staff, including agenda planning. The Vice Chair operates in the same capacity when the Chair is not available. ECC Section 10.40.020(D)(6) notes that the board shall adopt rules governing election and duties of officers of the board. The Chair/Vice Chair positions have typically rotated each Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 16 7.A.a year, with the Vice Chair often moving to Chair (if interested) when the previous Chair's year is up. Board members should nominate and vote on candidates for both the Chair and Vice Chair positions. Should the Chair position become vacant, the Vice Chair shall become the Chair for the duration of the term, until the following year's election. Should the Vice Chair become vacant, the position shall be elected at the next regular board meeting at which a quorum is present. As needed, the board may establish committees of three members or fewer to conduct business defined by the Board that occurs outside of regular meetings, such as a more detailed analysis of specific planning topics that would then be reported back to the entire board during a public meeting. Creation of such committees may be proposed by any board member and shall be appointed by the Chair, with board members able to volunteer or nominate others to serve. Quorum All board members share an equal right and obligation to participate in Planning Board decisions. This handout from Jurassic Parliament is helpful in making a shift from discussing affairs in a conversational manner to conducting board business in a democratic manner. Board business is conducted by consensus agreement (vote) by a minimum number of members (quorum). Per ECDC 10.40.020, four Planning Board members constitute a quorum for transaction of business (when all positions have been appointed) and at least three members are needed to take action on any particular item before the Board. That is, if four members are present but two were to abstain from voting on an item, no action could be taken on that item. The Alternate position abstains from voting when all seven regular members are present. In the event a regular member is absent or disqualified for any reason, the alternate has all the powers of a regular member, including the right to vote on board decisions. The alternate is subject to the same attendance requirements as regular board members. If a regular position on the board becomes vacant, the alternate becomes a regular member and fills that vacancy for the remainder of the unexpired term. The student member does not vote on Board decisions. Budget The Council provides money annually for professional services used by staff to support the Planning Board including the professional minute transcriber, printing, noticing, and the like. Document Stora IT has set up accounts for boards and commissions in the City's File Transfer Protocol server, WingFTP for document and photo storage. Due to public records laws, Board members should not use personal or other external file storage. The staff liaison can provide the FTP server password and account login information. Board members can log on to WingFTP to upload new documents to share with the Board, and can also download documents from the server to make changes, then upload the edited documents. If certain documents should be archived, let the staff liaison know so they can be moved to the City/Planning shared drive. Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 17 7.A.a Member Conduct Except where there are conflicts with ECDC Chapter 10.40 and this handbook, Robert's Rules of Order shall be applied and followed, as summarized on the MRSC website and detailed in this 2017 MRSC report. At meetings, please respect fellow board members' time by holding new topics that are not on the agenda until the following meeting agenda and limiting personal commentary. Board members should insist on courtesy and respect and refrain from personal remarks, insulting language, attacks, interruptions, sidebar conversations, and disrespectful body language. The Chair or any member should be comfortable in identifying conduct that they believe is inappropriate or unprofessional and requesting that it stop immediately. Outside of meetings, all communication with City staff should be through the contacts referenced previously. As residents of Edmonds, board members are free to participate in a variety of projects, activities, and discussions that impact the city outside of their official role, so long as they do so in an individual capacity and not as a representative of the Planning Board. Members should be especially cautious on topics that are likely to come before the Board in its advisory role to City Council, and are encouraged to proactively disclose any actions or discussions that may be raised in association with Washington State's Appearance of Fairness Doctrine (Chapter 42.36 RCW). Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa Packet Pg. 18 7.A.a Appendices 1. Planning Board code (ECC 10.40) 2. Public Meeting attendance (ECC 1.05) 3. City email password/sign-in procedure Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa< Packet Pg. 19 7.A.a Appendix 1. Planning Board enabling language (Chapter 10.40 of the Edmonds City Code) 10.40.010 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to provide for the creation of a planning board pursuant to Chapter 35A.63 RCW, and provide for its membership, organization, operation, and expenses. The planning board shall generally serve in an advisory capacity to the city in regional and local planning and specifically assist in the development of the comprehensive plan and development regulations and their successive review and amendment from time to time. The board shall have the additional duties specifically set forth in this chapter and such ad hoc duties as the city council may from time to time assign to it. [Ord. 4222 § 1 (Att. A), 2021; Ord. 234Z 1983; Ord. 2170 § 2, 1980]. 10.40.020 Planning board. A. Appointment. There is created the planning board, consisting of seven members. Each member shall be appointed by the mayor, subject to confirmation by the city council. 1. Members of the board must be residents of the city of Edmonds. 2. Although the city of Edmonds is not divided into political or geographical wards, it is the intent of this section that said board membership shall maintain a reasonable balance of geographical distribution throughout the city of Edmonds. 3. It is the intent of this section to maintain a diversified representation of occupations and experience on the planning board. To this end each appointee shall be considered for board membership according to his/her field of experience, among other factors. 4. An alternative member shall be appointed to serve in the event any regular member is absent or disqualified for any reason. In the event a regular member is absent or disqualified for any reason, the alternate shall have all the powers of a regular member, including the right to vote on board decisions. The alternate shall be subject to the some attendance requirements as regular board members. In the event that a regular position on the board shall be declared vacant, the alternate shall be deemed to fill such vacancy for the remainder of the unexpired term. B. Term. In order to provide for continuity of membership, members shall be assigned a position number. Except as provided below, two positions shall expire each year. The term of each position shall be four years; provided, that the current term for each position shall expire, and a new term shall begin, at the end of the years shown, respectively, below; and further provided, that the current term for Position 1 will be a short term ending at the end of 202Z to be followed by a four-year term: Position One - 2022 Position Five - 2024 Position Two - 2022 Position Six - 2024 Position - 2023 Position - 2021 Three Seven Position - 2023 Alternate - 2021 Four Draft Planning Board Handbook Pa< Packet Pg. 20 7.A.a C. Powers and Duties. The planning board shall serve in an advisory capacity to the mayor and the city council in the following matters: 1. The board shall advise on all amendments to the comprehensive plan. This includes reviewing all elements of the plan on a periodic basis and reporting to the mayor and city council on the need for changes in the plan. It also includes holding public hearings and making recommendations to the mayor and city council on proposed changes to the plan, to the text of the development regulations, and also to the zoning map in the case of rezones, as provided in ECDC Title 20. Review of and recommendations for the plan may be prepared as a whole or in successive parts. 2. The board shall advise the mayor and city council on all parking matters that involve an amendment or other modification to any city ordinance or code section within the jurisdiction of the board. 3. The board shall serve as an ongoing park board and advise the mayor and city council on all matters relating to the acquisition and development of all city parks and recreation facilities. 4. The board shall do research and investigation on specific projects assigned to it by the mayor and city council. The board will analyze data collected, arrange for public participation, and organize its findings. The board will then present its findings to the mayor and city council detailing a summary of pertinent data, public contribution, alternatives available, and may, if appropriate, recommend a course of action, giving reasons for such recommendation. 5. The board shall have such other powers and duties as contained in Chapter 35A.63 RCW, as may be amended from time to time, that are not otherwise specifically delegated to the hearing examiner or other specific staff or agency of the city. D. Operation. 1. The city planning division shall provide regular staff services to the planning board. Other city departments shall provide staff services as requested by the planning board. 2. The city council shall establish an annual budget for planning board operations for services in addition to regular staff services. Should the planning board and planning staff determine that a particular project requires services in addition to those normally provided by the city staff, then an estimate of needs detailing the type of assistance and funding required shall be presented to the city council for approval before that project is undertaken. 3. Four members of the board shall be the minimum number necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; provided, that the vote of not less than three members shall be necessary to take action on any particular item before it. 4. The board shall hold regular meetings on the second and fourth Wednesdays of each month at 7:00 p.m. at the Edmonds city council chambers. Cancellation of a regular meeting, or a different location for a regular meeting, shall be announced at the last regular meeting preceding the affected meeting, if possible, otherwise the change will be advertised in the regular manner. Draft Planning Board Handbook Page,, Packet Pg. 21 7.A.a 5. The city council shall meet periodically with the planning board at a city council meeting in order to review and update planning board agendas. The intent of this section is to stimulate continuing communication between mayor, city council and the planning board in an effort to identify and solve the problems facing the city of Edmonds. Nothing herein shall be construed to limit the manner in which items are placed on a planning board agenda nor the topics that may be considered by the planning board. 6. The board shall adopt rules of procedure and rules governing election and duties of officers of the board; provided, however, said rules shall pertain only to the internal procedures of the members and said rules and procedures may be questioned only by members of the board and do not give standing to question said procedures to nonmembers or other parties. [Ord. 4222 § 1 (Att. A), 2021; Ord. 3421 § 1, 2002; Ord. 3094 § 1, 1996; Ord. 2659, 1988; Ord. 2656 § 4, 1988; Ord. 2433, 1984; Ord. 2342, 1983; Ord. 2196 § 1, 1981; Ord. 2170 § 3, 1980]. Draft Planning Board Handbook Page,, Packet Pg. 22 7.A.a Appendix 2: Public Meeting Attendance (Chapter 1.05 of the Edmonds City Code) 1.05.010 Attendance required — Remote participation allowed. A. In addition to being subject to removal for other particularized grounds as set forth in applicable provisions of the Edmonds City Code and violations of the city of Edmonds Code of Ethics for Board and Commission Members, members of all city boards, commissions and committees (hereinafter "members"), except as set forth herein, shall be removed from office, and the position deemed vacant as set forth in ECC 1.05.020(C) if such member attends less than 70 percent of the regular meetings in any one calendar year, and/or is not in attendance at three or more consecutive regular meetings. Members may participate in board and commission meetings remotely (by telephone, video conference, etc.) and such participation shall be considered attendance for the purposes of this subsection; provided, that any such participation must allow for all other members of the board or commission and any public in attendance to hear the member on the remote device; and provided further, that any member participating remotely must commence participation at the beginning of the meeting and must declare an intention to participate until the end of the meeting. Remote participation is not a right. Reasonable efforts should be made to facilitate remote participation within the limits of the city's personnel and fiscal resources, but technical disruption may still occur. After resuming a remote connection after any technical disruption of said connection, the chair shall determine, subject to appeal, whether a remote member may participate in any action on a matter that may have been discussed during the disconnection, based on the duration of the disconnection, nature of the discussion, etc. B. The chairperson of the particular board, commission or committee may excuse, subject to appeal, any member from attendance at any particular meeting or meetings for reasons that are (1) work related, (2) due to illness or death in the family, (3) extended vacations in excess of two weeks in length, or (4) technical disruption; provided, however, each such excused absence shall be so noted by the chairperson at the meeting from which the member is being excused and such fact shall be recorded in the minutes along with the reason given for the excused absence by the member. Excused absences shall not be counted for purposes of removal from office, but only if so noted in the minutes as set forth herein. In the absence of the chairperson, the member acting in the chairperson's behalf, such as vice -chairperson or pro tem, shall make the determination, subject to appeal, of whether the absence is excused, and announce the some for recording in the minutes of the meeting from which the member is excused. (Ord. 4266 § 1, 2022; Ord. 4098 § 1, 2018; Ord. 2556, 1986; Ord. 2033 § 2, 1978; Ord. 2156 § 1, 19801. 1.05.020 Attendance records. A. The city clerk shall keep a record of attendance of all board, commission and committee meetings. Upon any member failing to attend three or more consecutive regular meetings without the chairperson's excuse being noted in the minutes, the city clerk shall certify said member's name in writing to the mayor and shall notify in writing the members, the chairperson, and the appropriate city department head. Draft Planning Board Handbook Page,, Packet Pg. 23 7.A.a B. On or before January 15th of each calendar year, commencing in 1980, the city clerk shall compile a list of members, if any, who have attended less than 70 percent of the regular meetings in the past calendar year without the chairperson's excuses being noted in the minutes, and shall certify this list to the mayor. The city clerk shall also notify in writing the members, the applicable chairperson and the appropriate city department head. C. The member shall be automatically removed from office and the position deemed vacant as of the date of the city clerk's written notification as set forth in subsections (A) and (8) of this section. [Ord. 2033 § 3, 1978; Ord. 2156 § 2, 1980]. 1.05.030 New nominees appointment/ confirmations. Upon receipt from the city clerk of the names of members failing to maintain attendance as provided herein, the mayor shall, within 90 days thereof, submit new nominations to the city council for confirmation. The city council shall confirm or reject the nominations within 30 days after the mayor submits the nominations to the council for consideration. A member removed for failing to maintain attendance as provided by this chapter may not be renominated or reappointed to a position on that or other city of Edmonds' board, committee or commission for at least one year after removal. [Ord. 2033 § 4, 1978]. 1.05.040 Exemptions. The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to members of the following boards, commissions and committees: A. Edmonds city council; and B. Edmonds civil service commission. [Ord. 2033 § 5, 19781. 1.05.050 Quorum requirements. A. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Edmonds City Code, if the number of members of any city board, commission or committee having seven positions and subject to this chapter should be reduced to six or less for any reason, including a member's removal for failure to maintain attendance, three members shall constitute a quorum. B. Members participating in a board or commission meeting remotely, as provided for in ECC 1.05.010, shall be counted towards the number of members required to constitute a quorum by the regulations pertaining to each board or commission, provided in ECC Title 10. (Ord. 4098 § 2, 2018; Ord. 2033 § 6, 19781. Draft Planning Board Handbook Page,, Packet Pg. 24 7.A.a Appendix 3: Instructions for accessing City Email: Please click here to access outlook. office3 6 5. com You will then be directed to the below paged where you may enter your email (Firstname.Lastname(k edmondswa. gov) If need to reset your password click into "Can't access your account?" to reset. Outlook M! Microsoft Sign in to continue to outlook mail, phone, or Skype No account? Create oneI Cadtaccess your—unt? Click into Work or school account WmeeR E, Microsoft Which type of account do you need help with? rK7 Work or school account Created by yaar IT department RPersonal account treated by you Then answer the following questions provided in the next screen which should look like this Microsoft Get back into your account Who are you? to rxprer your amount begin W entering put email or usnrume an0 the <harxsers in she picture or audio G+Inr, Email pi Uurn— Frlampl¢, ¢a¢�@taalawtaa,nipsprttam pi uurlQtanWw¢am Eller the characters in the picture ar are worts in the audio' ® Lancel Draft Planning Board Handbook Page,, Packet Pg. 25 7.B Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 03/8/2023 Project Status: Tree Code Updates AMD2022-0004 Staff Lead: Deb Powers Department: Planning Division Prepared By: Deb Powers Background/History A status report on the tree code amendment project has been requested for the March 8, 2023 Planning Board meeting. Narrative Edmonds' tree code (Chapter 23.10 Edmonds Community Development Code) establishes tree retention and replanting standards associated with development. Following its adoption in 2021, the Planning Board and City Council requested that a future tree code amendment consider regulations for tree protection, removal and replacement on private property not associated with development. Property owner tree removal code amendments were identified as a 2022 Planning Division Work Plan project. A project update was recently provided to the City Council at their January 17, 2023 meeting (attached) under Agenda Item 6.3.a. The two -page summary describes the project scope, emerging issues, and links to relevant 2022 Planning Board, Tree Board and City Council meeting discussions. At the December 14, 2022 Joint Tree Board/Planning Board meeting, the Planning Board reviewed a comprehensive list of all known potential tree code amendments. Following its discussion, the Planning board reached a consensus decision to: Proceed with considering codes that limit property owner tree removals, as scoped. Proceed with certain minor amendments to the existing development code, as scoped. Remove certain minor amendments to the existing development code from the 'minor' amendment list, to be considered as major code amendments last, as these are outside the project scope directed by the Planning Board and City Council. Pending approval of a new process that would streamline minor code amendments in early 2023 (scheduled for Council adoption on March 7, 2023) , staff anticipates the minor tree code amendments will proceed to adoption under that process. A consultant is currently under contract for the development and implementation of a public engagement strategy related to the tree code amendment project (attached). Staff expects that additional moderate and major code amendments will be identified via public and stakeholder feedback and at subsequent Planning/Tree Board and City Council meetings. Packet Pg. 26 7.6 Based on the proposed schedule shown in the January 17, 2023 City Council project update, staff anticipates a Planning Board public hearing to be scheduled in June 2023 and a City Council public hearing in August -September 2023. Board members are encouraged to review the materials in advance of the meeting and be ready with any questions or comments. Attachments: Community Engagement Strategy for 2023 Tree Code Amendment Project January 17, 2023 City Council Agenda Item/Project Update Attachments: v6 Edmonds WA Community Engagement Strategy 2023 (002) Attach —CC 01172023 Project Update Packet Pg. 27 7.B.a COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT STRATEGY Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project 2023 1rq,'P1an1TGe0m developers of TreePlotter Packet Pg. 28 7.B.a Page left blank intentionally 0 0 0 N N (0 N Q N N Q d O U m m L N U) u m 0 L a N O O M N O N O) d L Y N r C d E w Cm m W r E E O V Q O E W to i r_ N E V a r r Q Packet Pg. 29 7.B.a Edmonds' tree code, Chapter 23.10 ECDC was adopted in 2021 to primarily protect trees with development and to achieve Urban Forestry Management Plan Goal 1A. It was recognized that limitations on property owner tree removals could be considered at a future date. The scope of the 2022-2023 Tree Code Amendment Project ("project") is to consider limitations to property owner tree removals and to further clarify and simplify the existing development -related code with minor code changes. This Community Engagement Strategy ("Strategy') ensures that the project team has a clear understanding of purpose, target audiences, strategies, messaging, and deliverables related to the project. Purpose The purpose of this Strategy is to ensure the 2022-2023 tree code amendment process aligns with the City's Equitable Engagement Framework in identifying the community's preferred solutions for property owner tree removals in Edmonds. This Strategy ensures the community has full access to information and opportunities to propose ideas for collective solutions related to private property tree removal in Edmonds. The resulting community input will support City board and council decision -making by providing a thorough understanding of how those decisions might impact the public. The Role of Community in Tree Code Updates Greater community involvement, partnerships with stakeholders and actively listening to participants representing diverse perspectives are key to community -driven decision -making. When community members, developers, business owners, landscapers, utilities, and tree care professionals participate in drafting tree regulations, the resulting codes reflect the broader community's goals and vision for a healthy, sustainable urban forest. In turn, a sustainable community forest increases the quality of life by contributing maximum health, environmental, social and economic benefits. Education & Outreach Objectives ❑ Gather input and feedback from the community members of Edmonds. ❑ Conduct effective outreach to all neighborhoods and demographics. ❑ Provide project -related public education to all neighborhoods and demographics. ❑ Provide frequent updates to the community on progress. ❑ Find common ground and shared goals among stakeholders. ❑ Strengthen partnerships and leverage resources to achieve common goals. ❑ Be transparent about the planning process and proposed outcomes. ❑ Draft an ordinance developed and supported by the community. ❑ Establish a framework for continued outreach and engagement with the public beyond the project period City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 30 7.B.a The engagement process includes a variety of strategies to accomplish the project objectives, reach various target audiences, and align with the City of Edmonds' Equitable Engagement Framework model for determining levels of public engagement during a project. The approach for each engagement strategy is explained in each section of the Strategy document, including a description of the tasks, timelines, partners, audiences, and deliverables. Adaptive Approach As outreach and engagement efforts unfold, the Project Team will continuously evaluate outcomes. If an engagement session is not showing successful results, they will be adjusted for improvement. By performing regular check -ins, specific strategies that are causing issues can be identified. Project Team check -ins will analyze whether the session is reaching the intended demographics, if the data being produced is actionable, and if there are high levels of engagement. Periodic evaluations will ensure the best outcomes. Evaluations will consist of: 0 Monitoring traffic on the City website (if possible) 0 Monitoring traffic to public survey 0 Analysis of geographic and demographic representation at meetings 0 Analysis of geographic and demographic representation of survey results 0 Review of open comments in meetings 0 Other ongoing efforts and initiatives 0 Other means of feedback received 0 Other? City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 31 7.B.a Project Team & Roles The "Project Team" consists of PlanIT Geo consultants ("Consultant/Consulting Team") and staff from the City of Edmonds Planning Division and other supporting departments as needed. The primary team members responsible for creating and implementing the Community Engagement Strategy are identified below with roles and Deb Powers, Urban Forest Planner Deb will provide guidance and direction on engagement strategies, timelines, and methods that are pivotal to the success of the project. Deb will coordinate with additional City staff, the Planning Board, City Council and Tree Board as needed. Chris Peiffer (Proiect Mana.Rer), PlanIT Geo, Urban Forestry Consulting Services Director As the Project Manager, Chris is involved with the development of engagement strategies, methods, and timing. Alex Hancock, PlanIT Geo, Urban Forestry Climate Consultant Alex provided the Strategy outline and will support the development of education and engagement sessions, materials, and messaging. Alex will be the primary staff from PlanIT Geo for public education and engagement, with guidance from City staff and community partners. Alex will analyze the findings from these sessions to inform tree code amendments. Alex will lead the communications and coordination between PlanIT Geo and City staff. Michael Martini, PlanIT Geo, Urban Forestry Consultant Mike will assist in the design and delivery of materials with special attention to branding and messaging themes of the project. The following sections outline the objectives, tasks, project schedule and deliverables outlined in the final Scope of Work for this 2023 Community Engagement Strategy. Document Review & Discovery The consultant will develop a Document Index and Discovery Matrix consisting of relevant codes, plans, policies and other related documents for review and analysis with a summary of findings applicable to public engagement. Although the Matrix is a comprehensive list, not all documents and codes will be applicable to public engagement related to the tree code update project; however the primary relevant codes and documents include: • Edmonds Equitable Engagement Framework • Edmonds Community Development Code (ECDC) Chapters 23.10 (existing tree code) 23.40 (tree removal in critical areas) and 20.75.048 (tree retention with short plats and subdivision development). • Urban Forest Management Plan • Edmonds Tree Canopy Assessment • Edmonds Climate Action Plan Public Survey A public survey will be developed with questions that will gauge the community's sentiment on regulating tree removal on private property. The survey will be accessible from the project webpage, will remain open for at least 60 days and be advertised in social media posts and news releases. Preliminary results of the survey will be available for the second community conversation meeting, stakeholder meetings and Planning Board meetings. City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 32 7.B.a Community Conversation Meetings Two public meetings will be held (hybrid) to gather public input prior to a final presentation to the Planning Board for recommendations to the City Council for amendments to the tree code. The Consulting Team proposes the interactive and intuitive webinar platform, Zoom. Meetings will be recorded, and a draft and final agenda will be prepared at least one month in advance. The Project Team will work with community partners to announce and encourage participation from the diverse population. The meetings will strengthen the urban forest vision, discuss priority planting areas and strategies, and increase long-term commitments to stewardship. 1. The first public meeting (hybrid) will be held to inform residents of the tree code update purpose, approach, and opportunities to engage. An announcement of the meetings will be provided at least one month in advance and shared on the City website and other platforms. 2. The second public meeting (hybrid) will be informed by the previous public meeting, the survey results from City staff and stakeholder groups including the Edmonds Citizen's Tree Board, data analyses, and other key findings from planning tasks. Stakeholder Meetings Four facilitated hybrid stakeholder meetings will be held to 1) understand how trees are currently regulated in Edmonds and 2) develop partnerships with advisory boards and community groups that can provide input on alternatives and identify preferred solutions related to tree code amendment decisions. Under the guidance provided in the "Collaborative" Level of Engagement per the Equitable Engagement Framework, these groups have been identified to provide advice and innovation in creating solutions so that decision -makers (Planning Board, City Council) may incorporate their advice and recommendations into the decisions to the maximum extent possible. City Webpage Content The project -related website content will be updated to inform the public on the purpose, process and importance of updating the code. The content will introduce residents to the importance of trees and their benefits and that enhancing tree protection can combat climate change, strengthen community resilience and public health and address issues identified in the canopy assessment. The project webpage will also link to the community survey, publish upcoming events and meetings. SociaL Media Campaigns The Consulting Team will work with City staff and any community partners for messaging, format, timing, and delivery of media messaging at key project intervals. The Consulting Team may provide suggested content for the City and its partners to launch social media campaigns upon request. When possible, it is helpful to align tree code amendment social media campaigns with existing partner networks and other City Department social media accounts. Engagement Analysis Findings from all engagement sessions will be summarized and analyzed to inform the development of the Tree Code Amendment Project. The summary will be provided to the City for review and a final version of the summary will be shared with the City and partners to utilize in their messaging going forward. The outcomes of the engagement efforts and analysis of results will be useful in guiding the City and its partners in future public engagement beyond the TCAP planning period. Reporting Once an engagement session has concluded, the feedback data will be analyzed. This analysis process is incredibly important to identify common themes and perspectives, which will inform tree code amendments moving forward. City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 33 7.B.a Inevitably, there will be a comment or statement that encapsulates public sentiment regarding a topic, and it is crucial to be able to attribute powerful quotes to individuals. When presenting findings to decision -makers, powerful quotes or ideas from specific community stakeholders can be impactful to display community sentiment in an easy -to -understand way. Reporting results to the community is essential. "Closing the loop" encourages future participation in other sessions and builds trust within the community. The community report is an opportunity to tell a community what was heard, what is going to be done in the short- and long-term, and why. The report to decision -makers will provide an overview of how the engagement process will be utilized in developing the amended tree code, key concerns identified, and unique opportunities for partnerships to achieve a shared vision. Once feedback is fully analyzed and reported back to stakeholders, the whole process will be evaluated. This step will identify the effectiveness of engagement sessions and areas for improvement. Information gathered during this step will inform future outreach and engagement after the project is completed to be led by the City. The City will be able to use this knowledge to improve new projects and associated engagement plans to be more beneficial to the City and community. Project Schedule Task Key Deliverable Public Presentation Team Meeting City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 34 7.B.a Dec ----------------- Translation Services (3 Languages, up to 50 Word Pages)($15/language/page) Messaging Campaign #1 (web _ content, social media, fliers, 0 email listservs, press release) o 0 Public Survey (online) (includes N prep, delivery, & summary) N 0 Final Focus Groups & 0 Stakeholders List Public Meeting #1 (hybrid): Q Kickoff (includes prep, delivery,CU N +; & summary) 0 Messaging Campaign #2 (web = content, social media, fliers, y email listservs, press release) O 0 Focus Group & Stakeholders U Survey (online) 0 Focus Group &Stakeholders H Meetings (hybrid, up to 4 o hour meetings) Draft Guides, Manuals, & Infographics v Public Meeting #2 (hybri Draft Recommendations (includes prep, delivery, & d summary) N Outreach & Engagement c Summary M .. c �- N Draft &Final Report Outline Draft Report #1 Public Presentations beparaivrjfn _ from Task 2 (4 hybrid , presentations) aoi Draft Review Meeting (remote) I aEi Final Report I Final Delivery & Training (remote) W Key Project Deliverables 0 Notes Document Index & Summary Matrix Index of documents and summary report (draft & final) Public Outreach & Engagement Strategy Comprehensive community engagement plan (draft & final) Messaging Campaigns (2) Web content, social media, fliers, emails, press releases, etc. Survey: Public Google Form hosted by PlanIT Geo to gather public input Survey: Focus Group & Stakeholders Google Form hosted by PlanIT Geo to gather stakeholder input Guides, Manuals, & Infographics Materials to assist in the public's understanding of project concepts Outreach & Engagement Summary Comprehensive assessment of outreach efforts Final Report Outline, draft, and final versions of the project report T 3 E E 0 U Q c 0 E w c aD E t r r Q City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 35 7.B.a Community partners are essential to a successful code amendment project that engages all of Edmond's communities. A comprehensive Community Communications list including all stakeholder groups with contact information has been developed as outlined in the Equitable Engagement Framework "Collaborate" Level of Engagement. A strong network of stakeholders can share information and news about the code amendment project, recruit volunteers and attendees for community events, advise the City and consultants of issues and deficiencies in the outreach process, and provide input using the various strategies identified in this Community Engagement Strategy. Several of these organizations partner with the City of Edmonds on existing and/or recent initiatives such as the Climate Action Plan, Comprehensive Plan, Urban Forest Management Plan, Edmonds Tree Canopy Assessment and other planning efforts. The following priority partners are identified for direct communications through stakeholder group meetings. Climate & Environment Groups See Excel sheet for contact information. This group includes the Edmonds Citizen Tree Board, Mayor's Climate Protection Committee, Edmonds Floretum Garden Club, Edmonds in Bloom, Sound Salmon Solutions, Snohomish- Stillaguamish Local Integrating Organization (LIO of Puget Sound Partnership), The Nature Conservancy WA, Edmonds Environmental Alliance, Sno-Isle Sierra Club, Pilchuck Audubon Society. Underserved, Under -represented Groups See Excel sheet for contact information. See Disability Access, Seniors/Elders, Ethnic & Cultural Organizations, Unhoused/Affordable Housing, LGBTQIA+, Indigenous, Youth & Education categories in the Community Communications List below. Staff is compiling information from the Washington Health Disparities Map, Equitable Engagement Framework demographic information and canopy cover data for additional inclusion in this group. Housing Developers and Related Groups See Excel sheet for contact information. This group includes the Edmonds Architectural Design Board, Alliance for Citizens of Edmonds (ACE), Master Builders of King & Snohomish Counties and frequent Edmonds developers and involved citizens, land use consultants, architects, engineers and arborists that submit reports to meet development requirements. City Staff The Consultant will meet with City staff responsible for administering the current tree regulations to identify challenges and potential efficiency measures related to its application, including Planners, Code Enforcement Officer and permit coordinators. Community Partners Communications List This list identifies community partners to be included in an email distribution list for project news and updates, who might not be as intensely involved during the engagement process. The following communications list is an excerpt of a more comprehensive list of contacts to be included in email blasts, social media, and other outreach City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 36 7.B.a strategies that are considered more passive engagement. When possible, cross -marketing and communications will occur with other City -led initiatives to not overwhelm groups with too much information. Community -Based Organizations Disability & The Arc of Snohomish County Developmental Disabilities Awareness Snohomish County, Access Hearing, Speech & Deaf Center Puget Sound Association of the Deaf Seniors/Elders Edmonds Senior Center Community of Color Coalition (0), Spanish, Korean, Chinese community organizations and Ethnic & media, Asian Pacific Islanders Coalition, Association of Washington State Hispanic Chambers Cultural of Commerce, Black Heritage Society of Washington State, Chief Seattle Club, Council on Organizations American -Islamic Relations (CAIR) Washington, (moved below), Familias Unidas: Latino Resource Center, Korean Women's Association, Korean Community Service Center, LETI - Latino Educational Training Institute Edmonds Diversity Commission, GLOBE, Edmonds College Queer Action Team LGBTQIA+ Indigenous Tulalip Tribes, The Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe, Snoqualmie Tribe, Suquamish Tribe, Mother Nation, (Everett/Snohomish County) Herald, My Edmonds News, Edmonds Beacon, Korea Daily Media Neighborhoods Edmonds Neighborhood Action Coalition Unhoused, Renters, Cocoon House (youth experiencing homelessness), Community Support Solutions, ARCH Affordable Housing Listsery Group Individuals who have requested updates on the tree code amendment project Youth and Edmonds Youth Commission, Friends of Youth, Edmonds Community College/Green Team Education and Queer Action Team, ECC/Quiet Heart Wilderness School, Cascadia College For -Profit Representatives Ed! Edmonds Downtown Alliance, Snohomish County Small Business Development Center, Business Edmonds Chamber of Commerce, Downtown Edmonds Merchants Association (DEMA), Groups Sustainable Edmonds Neighborhood Associations Neighborhoods Edmonds Neighborhood Action Coalition Associations Homeowners Particularly HOAs of developments located in heavily -treed critical areas Associations Translation Services The City of Edmonds materials will be primarily provided in English, with potential to translate select materials into up to three additional languages. The Project Team will decide on an as -needed basis which materials are most appropriate for translation. Translation from English to additional languages using PlanIT Geo's 3rd party is roughly $20 per page. City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 37 7.B.a MATERIALS OVERVIEW The Tree Code Amendment Project will engage as many Edmonds community members as possible throughout the project using a variety of media, platforms, and materials. The Project Team will align messaging with other City efforts, such as the One Water Plan, when possible. The various types of materials are outlined in the section so that the Project team has a clear understanding of deliverable types, styling, branding, languages, and other specifications that are essential to successful distribution of information. Deliverables Timeline Timing Frequency Material Type Target Audience Description March Social Media and Web City's Facebook 1. Announce TCAP Content Posts followers and/or 2. Announce Public Meeting #1 partner org social 3. Announce Public Meeting #2 media pages March Public Survey All Survey for community input March Social Media and Web City's Facebook 1.Announce Public Survey Content Posts followers and/or 2. Announce Additional Public partner org social Meetings media pages March Group & Stakeholder Targeted Group and Survey targeted groups for input Survey Stakeholders March Meeting Invite- Targeted Group and Create Postcard to invite Postcard Stakeholders stakeholder to partake in meetin March Guides, Manuals, and All Updated materials of ordinance Infographics amendment March -June Social Media All Final Code Change and Adoption Branding The Tree Code Amendment Project documents and educational materials will have consistent branding throughout the project timeline. The color, typeface, and font palettes provided below are PlanlT Geo's standard palettes. The City may decide to include specific elements from these palettes for project materials and branding, or they may instruct the Consulting Team to use an entirely different palette. A logo using these elements helps to distinguish the TCAP from other projects with a recognizable design that reflects the spirit of the project. A logo paired with a slogan or tagline helps give the public an idea of what the TCAP is hoping to achieve at a quick glance (see examples in the next section). RaLeway RaLeway Poleway RALEWAY RALEWAY Montserrat Montserrat Montserrat MONTSERRAT MONTSERRAT Calibri Calibri Calibri CALIBRI CALIBRI Arial Arial Arial ARIAL ARIAL City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 38 7.B.a StandardPlanlT Geo .. HEX CMYK RGB #eef9ff 5/0/0/0 238/249/255 #2fa3f2 67/25/0/0 47/163/224 #0080ea 78/48/0/0 0/128/234 #0062a3 100/40/0/36 0/98/163 #004370 100/78/32/17 0/67/112 #00234d 100/55/0/70 0/35/77 #eef4df 7/0/19/0 238/244/213 #87c540 52/0/99/0 135/197/64 #588300 33/0/100/49 88/131/0 #365000 72/45/100/43 54/80/0 #253700 33/0/100/78 37/55/0 #e8bb00 10/25/100/0 232/187/0 #d03d27 12/91/100/2 208/61/39 #000000 0/0/0/100 0/0/0 #666665 60/51/52/20 102/102/101 #f3f3f3 3/2/2/0 243/243/244 Deliverable Examples UFMP Slogan PlanIT Geo worked with the City of Tacoma, WA to develop the following project slogan which was used on project materials and graphics as a way to distinguish the UFMP. "A Strategic Plan for Tacoma's Urban Forest One Canopy: Benefiting All Residents & Future Generations" UFMP Slogan and Logo PlanlT Geo worked with the City of Renton, WA to develop the following project logo and slogan. Rooted in Renton A STRATFGIC PLAN FOR TACO MA'S URBAN FOREST ONE CANOPY BENEFITING ALL RESIDENTS & FUTURE GENERATIONS ROOTED IN RENTON City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 39 Material Type and Description PIanIT Geo Examples Event Flyer VILLAGE OFCASTLETON-ON-IUDNON, NV This flyer is made to be handed out at an event while tabling, to share information about the planning process and potentially announce upcoming events and how to get involved. Post Card Post Card with QR Code Social Media Post Content em�weo �.d �y '�maaam w �n zn� >••• 0 s,., Irze rr�Rirr - mr suMi, 111 1 th, it - a T76fdHF� nr�ryyaM��nRan,ne��nrn�Pt�6t��a�=b�b arinn3 ........ . mm��anaa��rurx„bmrenr_a,a��,nM� r.stlelon.nn. n 492 PUBLIC T PUBLIC MEETING SOON Jn the oisensslnnnn Castl eton-on-Hudson n , . Comm , rorer. w 4,9TE: Montlay October 25 2921 �- TIME 7'15-8'15am Far the vinual —dng Ilnk, visit www castleton-on-hudson. org. - - Ste, t uned for more ds ilsl. �rl� qy, �,l ,-1 i�PLAN GEO ONE TACOMA ONE CANOPY hat do �s mean 0you? .0 J A STRATEGIC PLAN FOR OUR FOREST W. II part ut"One C-napy' - ong st EloptM1e CRy of Tacama5 J l[ Fn esl Management Plapn . no�� . e p.ap.rn� � e for a�a enna�.e oar tree ce�npy e�� •� HOW CAN YOU HELP? omploQ tnr survoyat .PrgfS .i "tz.1i a manre rP wl Tfso atn �m n ann ar 6P*a tP� z a �unlry mocling ac I acoma Public Library, W llcolock ltrancn to Si, lacoma, wA 9e407_ ong and engage in cue 1e, p,nent at out management p eL T...oiaTieevl.n y The su Ney Is located here: https.//fGrkv✓ood urbanforest.c am cammuniry-survey_? and will be available from Apr! 11st to Mav 2nd, 2022 n Asa City of Fremont, CA Government Yesterday at I: is PM -Q The City of Fremont wants to hear from you about the future of the urban forest in Fremo ntl You can heap to develop a strategic plan to achieve a long-range vision for our community's urban Vest. The preject will include several opportunities for you to participate. Get more details and sign up to get involved by visiting https11fremonturbanforest.com_ Q4 25hares liiiil� Like Q Comment i Share City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 40 7.B.a Survey Results Infographics Tree Canopy Fact Sheet This fact sheet summarizes the urban tree canopy assessment, results and findings, why tree canopy is important, principles of tree equity, urban heat and climate impacts, and the benefits of planning to grow the city's canopy. Can include maps, charts, tables, infographics, and text. Tree Inventory Summary This fact sheet summarizes the tree inventory process, findings, highlights, and recommendations. Can include maps, charts, tables, infographics, and text. AN ASSESSMENT DF EXISTING AND POTENTIAL URBAN TREE CANOPY Tree Inventory INVENTORY RESULTS AT -A -GLANCE 1' CITY TREE INVENTORY RECOMMENDATIONS iJan e �arire , c . PLANIT GEQ BOYNTOH A ...�. .z+r •. u lip. r'. i. � x slz City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 41 7.B.a Flow/Process Charts and Infographics • Lessons learned during engagement in other planning efforts. • Translations beyond the surveys (as feasible). • Consistent messaging (clear description of the TCAP). • TCAP branding (colors, tagline, etc.). • Website content (project timeline, upcoming events, surveys, completed tasks, resources). • Meet to discuss and finalize community partners and stakeholders. • Timing for presentations to Edmonds Citizen's Tree Board and other committees, commissions, and City Council. City of Edmonds, WA Tree Code Amendment Project Community Engagement Strategy Plan February 2023 Packet Pg. 42 7.B.b ATTACHMENT 1 City Council Read -Only File Meeting Date: January 17, 2023 Topic: Tree Code Amendments, ADM 2022-0004 Staff Lead: Deb Powers Department: Planning Division Prepared by: Deb Powers When the development -related tree code (ECDC 23.10.060) was adopted in 2021, the City Council and Planning Board requested that regulations limiting property owner tree removals (those not associated with a specific development activity) be considered at a future date as a Phase 2 of tree code amendments. Regulating property owner tree removals is a substantial new code requirement and as such is considered a major amendment to the existing code. In the year following the adoption of the development -related tree code, staff, permit applicants and property owners experienced recurring code interpretation issues. Code provisions that are unclear or difficult to apply contributed to lower quality permit applications, required multiple plan revisions and resulted in an increase in code enforcement cases. In response to these emerging issues, the Council and Planning Board affirmed that the scope of the Phase 2 code updates should be expanded to include minor amendments to the existing development -related code (those that clarify, simplify or further define existing code language without changing the intent of the code) so as not to undo the enormous effort and public input involved in its initial development. As noted below, these minor amendments were shared during the joint Planning Board/Tree Board meeting on December 14. A more detailed project outline is included as Attachment 2. June 21 City Council Confirm project scope July 7 Tree Board Discuss project scope, process, and general code overview Jul 13 Planning Board Confirm project scope, process AU . 4 Tree Board Mock development scenario exercise, review scope/process Sept. 14 Planning Board Minor code amendments — Part I Sept. 19 Tree Board Review of scope/process and potential code amendments Oct. 6 Tree Board Review of scope/process Oct. 12 Planning Board Minor code amendments Part 11 and related Moderate/Major amendments Nov. 3 Tree Board Review of scope/process Dec. 1 * Tree Board Minor code amendments • Status on Public Engagement Plan • Review draft minor code amendments Dec. 14* Joint Tree/Planning a Review comprehensive list of all known potential tree code Board amendments • Provide consensus on specific minor code amendments for the pending Minor Code Amendment Process *Meeting agenda provided in lieu of online minutes. Packet Pg. 43 7.B.b Next Steps Pending approval of the proposed Minor Code Amendment Process, specific minor development -related code amendments may be considered for City Council adoption in early 2023 as part of Phase 2. A consultant is currently under contract for the development and implementation of a Public Outreach and Engagement Strategy. Staff expects that additional moderate and major code amendments will be identified via public and stakeholder feedback and at subsequent Planning/Tree Board and City Council meetings. Tentative 2023 Planning Board meeting dates include: Feb 22 Retreat: Tree Code 101 Mar 8 Public Engagement Strategy Mar 22 Property owner tree removals - code analysis and discussion - I Apr 12 Property owner tree removals - code analysis and discussion - II May 10 Moderate/Major changes to improve existing tree code - I May 24 Moderate/Major changes to improve existing tree code - II June 14 Planning Board Public Hearing re: draft tree code amendments June 28 Possible spillover from June 14 meeting Based on the proposed schedule, staff anticipates scheduling the City Council public hearing for Phase 2 tree code amendments in July 2023. Packet Pg. 44 8.A Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 03/8/2023 Planning Board Feedback on Draft Vision Statement Staff Lead: David Levitan Department: Planning Division Prepared By: David Levitan Background/History In advance of the 2024 Comprehensive Plan periodic update, the city's launched a community -guided visioning process in Summer 2022 that focused on six key topic areas and generated nearly 7,900 public comments. In Fall 2022, city staff worked with a consultant team to review, categorize, and distill the thousands of public comments into a draft vision statement, which was unveiled at Edmonds Porchfest on November 5, 2022 and is included below: "Edmonds is a welcoming city offering outstanding quality of life for all. We value environmental stewardship, vibrant and diverse neighborhoods, safe and healthy streets, and a thriving arts scene. We are engaged residents who take pride in shaping our resilient future." Planning Board reviewed and discussed the draft vision statement at their February 8 meeting (which was repeated at a February 15 special meeting due to technical difficulties on February 8). Several members felt that the vision statement read more like a mission statement and was not aspirational or forward -thinking enough, and inquired about how they might provide additional feedback before it is finalized. Planning Board Chair Gladstone requested that an agenda item be added to the March 8 meeting to discuss potential options, including a letter from the Planning Board to the City Council that would summarize their thoughts. Narrative As previously noted, community feedback on the draft vision statement is being solicited via a citywide mailing, which will be distributed in early March. It is important to consider that this was a large community -driven process, with thousands of comments recorded and inventoried and distilled down into the draft vision statement. Staff would also note that as part of the transition from the vision to the Comprehensive Plan, it is proposing the development of a series of "value statements" that will help frame what the City of Edmonds wishes to be in 2044 (the time horizon for the periodic update) for topics such as housing, transportation, environmental sustainability, public facilities, and community/culture. Packet Pg. 45 8.6 Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 03/8/2023 2023 Climate Action Plan Staff Lead: Susan McLaughlin Department: Planning Division Prepared By: David Levitan Background/History The City of Edmonds recognizes that global climate change brings significant risks to our community. At the same time, the City understands its responsibility to lead both within our own community and the Puget Sound region. In September 2006, the City of Edmonds formally expressed support for the Kyoto Protocol, adopted the U.S. Mayors Climate Protection Agreement, and joined the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives. The City developed its first Climate Action Plan in 2010 and an Energy Plan for City operations in 2012. In June 2017, Council committed to achieve or exceed the goals established in the 2016 Paris Climate Agreement locally. The City also commissioned a greenhouse gas emissions inventory of 2017 to better understand local emissions sources and form the baseline of this 2023 Climate Action Plan. The City hired Environmental Science Associates (ESA) to help develop this iteration of our Climate Action Plan. After hosting multiple open houses and workshops, administering surveys to collect community feedback, and incorporating contributions from the Mayor's Climate Protection Committee, the draft plan was reviewed by the City Council during a public hearing on February 28, 2023. The plan is currently scheduled for potential Council approval at their March 21, 2023 meeting. If we commit to the bold actions in this plan, we can achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and in turn, we will improve the quality of life for future generations. This issue will be featured prominently in Narrative Planning and Development Director Susan McLaughlin will provide an overview of the 2023 Climate Action Plan. The executive summary brochure, the full draft plan and the implementation timeline is attached to this agenda memo. Attachments: Climate Action Plan Final Draft CAP Brochure Final CAP Implementation Timeline Packet Pg. 46 8.B.a CITY OF OV E D EDMONDS y � L � I 1 11C. 18y� CLIMATE ACTION PLAN FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Packet Pg. 47 c a c 0 Q d m E 5 co) N O N r L u- C m a c 0 Q d m E U c E t v Q 8.B.a 6121111WAft SECTION 1 SECTION 2 A Call Introduction to Action 9 SECTION 7 SECTION 8 Environment Lifestyles and Consumption 44 Ss SECTION 3 Summary of GHG Inventory IS SECTION 9 Tracking Progress 59 II CONTENTS Packet Pg. 48 t Section 4 Eq u ity Its SECTION 9 References and Source Material 63 SECTION E SECTION 6 Buildings Transportation and Energy and Land Use 27 .54 CONTENTS Packet Pg. 49 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 50 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Global climate change is already harming many regions, including the Pacific Northwest. It is expected to grow worse and become irreversible unless human -generated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be eliminated. To achieve the future Edmonds has envisioned for itself in its Comprehensive Plan, a community with a high quality of life that is sustainable and equitable for all residents, Edmonds recognizes that eliminating GHG emissions is critical. This cannot be accomplished without action at every level from national, state, local, and individual. Edmonds passed resolutions, developed a Climate Action Plan (CAP) in 2010, and taken several steps toward implementing that plan. The concentration of carbon in the atmosphere, a key indicator of GHG levels, has more than doubled since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. However, the most important finding of this update to Edmonds' Climate Action Plan is that the Edmonds community has not kept pace with its own goals for reducing GHG emissions. Edmonds is not alone in failing to do so - most nations also failed to achieve the reductions agreed to in the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. As a result, an even more ambitious rate of emissions reduction must be achieved to avert the worst harm from global climate change that is being driven by GHG emission. The City took its first step with adoption of Resolution 1453, which commits the City to a science -based target of 1.5 degree Celsius global temperature rise.' To meet that target, the Edmonds community must be carbon neutral by 1 See the Introduction for an explanation of this target. 2 See the Summary of GHG Inventory for further details. A Call To Action 2050. We have a long way to go, but, as this plan shows, we have reason to hope we can get there. "When the well is dry, we know the worth of water." - Benjamin Franklin Edmonds adopted its first Climate Action Plan in 2010. That plan set goals that seemed ambitious but achievable: reduce emissions to 7% below 1990 levels by 2012 (per the Kyoto Protocol), 25% below 1990 levels by 2035, and 50% below 1990 levels by 2050 (per Washington State GHG goals in place at the time). As a part of this current update, the City conducted another inventory of GHG emissions in 2017. The 2017 inventory found that Edmonds reduced GHG emissions in some sectors but increased emissions in others. The largest driver of these increases is emissions from on -road transportation, which increased 27% between 2000 and 2017. In addition, natural gas consumption in buildings increased by 25%.2 The inventory concluded that, 12 years after setting plans to begin reducing GHG Despite Edmonds' stated commitment to reduce GHG emission, per capita emissions remained essentially the same in 2017 as they were in 2000. OUR VISION FOR EDMONDS IN 2050 Packet Pg. 51 8.B.a emissions, per capita emissions in Edmonds have remained essentially the same since 2000. However, recent state legislation and changes in market conditions suggest Edmonds can make progress in the years ahead. State legislation adopted in 2019 requires that electricity in the state be carbon -neutral by 2030 and carbon -free by 2045. Snohomish Public Utility District, which provides Edmonds electricity, is well on the way to meeting that goal. That means switching from fossil fuels to electricity is the easiest way to reduce GHG emissions. In addition, the automotive industry is rapidly moving toward electric vehicles, with major manufacturers planning to eliminate combustion engine vehicles by 2030 or earlier. Together, these two changes will move Edmonds closer to its goal of being carbon neutral by 2050. Even with these changes, the City of Edmonds and the Edmonds community must do more. 3 See Strategies BE-3. 4 See Strategy TR-5. 5 See Strategy TR-1. 6 See Strategies TR-2. 7 See Strategy EN-3. 8 See Strategy BE-2. 9 See Strategy TR-5. 10 See Strategies TR-3 and TR-4. The most effective steps the City can take a re: 1. Adopt regulations to require new multi- family and commercial buildings to be 100% electric by 2023.1 2. Require more charging infrastructure with new development .4 3. Support mixed -use and transit -oriented development in neighborhood commercial centers.' 4. Coordinate with transit agencies to increase service within Edmonds and improve access to new light rail connections.b 5. Develop an action plan to adapt to sea level rise in Edmonds.' The most effective steps that individuals and businesses in Edmonds can take are: 1. Replace fossil -fuel burning heating systems, hot water heaters, and cooking equipment powered with efficient electric appliances.$ 2. Replace fossil fuel -burning vehicles with electric vehicles.9 3. Reduce vehicle trips by using transit, telecommuting, biking orwalking.10 4. Conserve energy wherever possible, especially energy from fossil fuels. Packet Pg. 52 8.B.a This plan identifies actions that the City and community can take to remain on target through 2035. Beyond 2035, even assuming widespread adoption of electric vehicles, fossil fuels are likely to remain in use for heating and other purposes unless state energy regulations governing those fuels change. One of the actions identified in the plan is for the City to support those regulatory changes. In addition, Edmonds and other communities will have to seek additional ways to reduce consumption of these fuels, and to sequester carbon in forests, aquatic vegetation or through technologies that are still in early stages of development. "I think calling it climate change is rather limiting. I would rather call it the everything change." - Margaret Atwood, author This update also introduces the subject of equity in the discussion of climate change. National studies show that affluent households, those with incomes above $120,000, produce GHG emissions that are double those of households with and income between $40,000 and $80,000. A large majority of those emissions occur outside of the city limits, in other communities and other nations. The median income in Edmonds in 2020 was $91,499, placing it in the 95th percentile for household income in communities in the US. This means that the choices we make in Edmonds, what we consume and how much, have ripples far beyond Edmonds. It also highlights the fact that many people in the US consume less and therefore are responsible for fewer GHG emissions than the average Edmonds resident. It is incumbent on those of us causing the greatest impact and with the greatest means to effect change and lead the way in addressing the climate crisis. We can learn from those who consume less and produce fewer GHG emissions. In addition, by helping those with limited means to convert to efficient and carbon -free energy for their homes, businesses, and travel, we can also lower their cost burden in the long run, because today's high efficiency appliances and electric vehicles cost less to operate. Also, if rental property owners convert to energy- efficient appliances and fixtures, the energy cost burden would be reduced for the future renter or tenant. As John Doerr, a successful investor in technology put it, "it is now cheaper to fix the planet than to ruin it." Finally, this plan examines some of the ways climate change is likely to affect Edmonds. It identifies steps we need to take to understand and prepare for changes to rainfall and snowpack, summer heat and drought, and sea level rise. Edmonds has only begun to fully grasp what those changes could mean, but they are likely to have a profound effect on the future of our community. This Plan provides a roadmap and a few indicator metrics that will help the community know how we are doing. It is a call to action. It is not too late to address the climate crisis. The tools to do so have never been better and they are improving steadily. It will take effort on the part of the City, state and federal governments, and individuals to make use of those tools. It is time to get to work. c M a c Q d M E v M N 0 N Packet Pg. 53 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 54 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Introduction For over a decade, Edmonds has been committed to taking action to prevent the harms from climate change caused by the accumulation of "greenhouses gases"(GHGs) released by human activity. The consequences for the world of ignoring climate change are enormous. Sea level rise will immerse cities and farmland occupied by millions of people, causing erosion and flooding, including downtown Edmonds as well as other areas around Puget Sound. Drought and higher land temperatures will destroy crops and forests, and place millions more in danger of food and water shortages. Rising ocean temperatures and acidity will affect marine species on which much of the web of life depends, and further disrupt human food supplies. The cost of all of this will fall on future generations, much of it disproportionately on those with the fewest resources to adapt. Only with global action can these effects of climate change be mitigated, and Edmonds recognizes that it bears responsibility as citizens of the world and stewards of our environment. A subcommittee of the City of Edmonds' Citizens Committee on the US Mayors Climate Protection Agreement convened in 2006, and in 2009 drafted the first comprehensive plan for climate action, using volunteer effort and with City staff support. The City of Edmonds adopted a Climate Action Plan in 2010 (2010 CAP), setting goals to substantially reduce GHG emissions generated by the Edmonds community, in accord with the US Mayors Climate Protection Agreement. The targets set by the 2010 CAP came from several sources. Edmonds' adoption of the US Mayors Climate Protection Agreement stipulated that the City reduce its GHG emissions to 7% below 1990 levels by 2012, per the Kyoto Protocol. At the same time, Washington State mandated that GHG emissions be reduced to 1990 levels by 2020; 25% below 1990 Several gases contribute to the "greenhouse effect" that is causing climate change. The most common of these is carbon dioxide (CO2). CO2 is emitted whenever carbon -containing fossil fuels are used, such as for home heating or in automobiles. Other GHGs include methane, nitrous oxide, and several fluoride -containing gases, which are released in resource extraction and transport, some manufacturing processes, and operation of certain equipment like refrigerators. These other gases may have several times greater effect on the atmosphere than CO2 does. To express the total quantity of GHGs using a single unit of measure, GHGs are counted in terms of metric tons (tonnes) of carbon dioxide equivalent units, which is abbreviated as MT CO2e. levels by 2035; and 50% below 1990 levels by 2050. In addition, the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has determined that GHG emissions must be reduced to 80% below 1990 levels on a global scale by 2050 to arrest the effects of climate change. Although these goals were not entirely consistent, all were acknowledged in Edmonds' 2010 CAP. Using the GHG inventory protocol in place in 2009 and the best available data for 1990, Edmonds' communitywide GHG emissions in 1990 were calculated to have been approximately 178,000 MT CO2e. The estimated 2009 GHG emissions were 282,000 MT CO2e; therefore, the 2010 CAP stated that by 2012, Edmonds' GHG emissions must be reduced by at least 41 % to meet the Kyoto Protocol. INTRODUCTION Packet Pg. 55 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a To meet the State -mandated reductions, GHG emissions would need to be reduced 52% by 2035 and 68% by 2050, and this still would not be enough to meet the IPCC target. In 2017, responding to the Paris Agreement (signed on Earth Day 2016) and advances in the science and understanding of climate change, Edmonds City Council passed Resolution 1389, starting the process to produce this update to Edmonds' CAP. In 2018, consultants were hired to prepare a new GHG inventory and to advise the City on updating its Climate Action Plan. Updating the Inventory The first step in the updating the plan was to prepare a new inventory of "local" GHG emissions, using best available data and current inventory protocols. Local emissions means emissions that are generated within Edmonds or directly as a result of energy consumed in Edmonds. This allows the most direct comparison to the previous (2009) inventory. The inventory uses data from 2017, the most complete year of data available when the inventory was conducted in 2018. The updated inventory also incorporates "imported" emissions, those associated with goods purchased and consumed in Edmonds but that were produced elsewhere in the world. For example, the emissions associated with growing food in California and shipping it to Edmonds would be "imported" emissions, since they did not occur within Edmonds. Imported emissions are important to consider in personal lifestyle choices, but are difficult to estimate on a communitywide scale due to the lack of available data and the complexity of accounting for them. While the inventory of 2017 emissions showed a slight increase in communitywide GHG, a direct comparison of inventories could not be made because of changes in the inventory protocols since 2009. Results of the GHG inventory are summarized in Section 4 of the CAP, and the full inventory is included in Appendix A. Setting a Science -Based Ta rg et Advances in the scientific understanding of climate change have improved our ability to predict outcomes under various scenarios of global response to and mitigation for global warming. For example, we now can predict that an unmitigated global temperature increase would translate to summer temperatures in Edmonds that are 1 1 °F higher than they were historically. Better science has enabled better methods of targeting the level of response needed, referred to as science -based targets. See Appedix B for a fuller discussion of science -based targets. A science -based climate target sets a rate of climate action' that is aligned with keeping average global temperature increases below a specified level (such as 2°C) compared to pre -industrial temperatures A science -based target is based on the physical characteristics of the earth's atmosphere and how atmospheric changes are expected to affect the biosphere. A science -based target represents an overarching global target that humanity can collectively work toward. Maintaining temperature increases below a 20C threshold will allow the majority, but not all, of the global population to avoid the worst social, economic, and environmental effects of climate change.' A target of 2°C is considered the "guardrail" target by numerous international organizations, including the United Nations.' As a point of reference, the average temperature of the earth is approximately 1.2°C (2.0°F) higher today than at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Figure 1 shows the GHG reduction paths necessary to achieve these various outcomes. See Appendix B for a memorandum on setting a science -based target for the City of Edmonds. In 2020, the Edmonds City Council adopted a science -based target of 1.5°C with Resolution 1453. This is the aspirational target set in the Paris Agreement and would substantially reduce many 1 Climate actions include reducing fossil fuel and other man-made sources of GHG emissions, as well as implementing negative emissions strategies. Negative emissions strategies provide more time to decarbonize. 2 A 2°C target is roughly aligned with an atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration of 450 parts per million (ppm). 3 United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC AIRS). 4 World Meteorological Organization Press Release: Provisional WMO Statement on the Status of the Global Climate in 2016. c a c 0 Q d M E v CO) N 0 N 10 1 INTRODUCTION Packet Pg. 56 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a 150 wO N U O t 0 L? 50 u 0 1 2000 2050 2100 of the worst potential effects that would occur if warming is allowed to rise by 2°C. Achieving the 1.5°C target means eliminating or offsetting all GHG emissions by 2050. Setting this target allows Edmonds to compare its progress to a fixed and measurable goal over the coming decades. Assessing Edmonds' Policies The City and community of Edmonds have been working toward many goals that will reduce or limit the growth of GHG emissions. Some of these goals were set because of climate change, while others were set because of other priorities, like housing affordability, resource conservation, and maintaining a high quality of life in Edmonds. Many of these goals are being implemented by incremental changes that will take decades to have a measurable effect. As part of this CAP Update, the City's consultants reviewed climate action plans of 21 other cities and tabulated almost 300 policies and strategies that will help Edmonds meet its GHG emissions target. The consultants also developed a GHG tracking tool, a spreadsheet to create projections of GHG emission reductions, and the ability to adjust assumptions about the success of some of the most effective strategies. This tool helps to understand what the most effective strategies for Edmonds would be, and Estimated 2100 temperature: 4.2°C 17.6°F 3.3-C 16.0°F 1.8-C 13.3°F 1.5-C 12.8-F Figure 1: Estimated increase in global temperature based on UN forecast modeling. will allow periodic updates on progress toward these benchmark strategies, without the need to complete a full GHG inventory. A baseline or "business -as -usual" (BAU) assumption of the GHG tracking tool is that GHG emissions will grow in direct proportion to population and employment growth in Edmonds (Figure 2). An adjusted BAU baseline takes into account the effects expected from various state and federal regulations that are designed to reduce future energy consumption and fossil fuel use in energy production, compared to past patterns. This includes stricter federal vehicle fuel mileage standards and state requirements for renewable electrical energy. Enacted in 2019, Washington State's Clean Energy Transformation Act requires electricity to become carbon -neutral and eventually carbon -free over the next 25 years. That means that a substantial portion of Edmonds' annual carbon footprint will be eliminated, putting the target of carbon -neutrality by 2050 within reach. The initial iteration of the GHG tracking tool showed how much of a gap there could be between the science -based target and what could be achieved with the strategies that are already part of Edmonds plans. I M FL c 0 Q d 0 E V M N O N INTRODUCTION Packet Pg. 57 8.B.a 400,000 350,000 OU 300,000 250,000 0 200,000 — 150,000 E w 100,000 U 2 C7 50,000 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT .................................. _..._ Figure 2: Emissions 2035 BAU .... ..................'..................: 2050 BAU Comparison: BAU 2017 Forecast Forecast ................................................................... Forecast, Target ventor .......................... n Y Emissios, and .................. .................. ..................................... ...__ _ Planned R d t anne e uc ions 35 Adjusted .:.................. . ...........:_ -.----- U E riissions 2050 Adjusted BAU Emissions ..................:--------. ................... 2035 Target 0 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 —♦ Planned Reductions —A— BAU Emissions Target Emissions 0 Adjusted BAU Emissions The GHG emissions associated with a particular entity (individual, household, business, or community) are sometimes referred to as a "carbon footprint" A carbon footprint usually refers to emissions during a specific time period, such as a year. Public Outreach Throughout the process of this CAP Update, the Mayor and City staff have sought input from the Mayor's Climate Protection Committee, and briefed the City Council. An open house was held in early 2019 to present results of the inventory and take input on strategies the City should consider in the future. The inventory was posted on the City website to allow citizen review. The City's consultants also prepared a paper on what other similar cities are doing to reduce their communitywide GHG emissions. In late 2020 and early 2021, the gap revealed in the initial iteration of the GHG tracking tool was shared with the community. The City wanted to hear how Edmonds residents feel about the effects of climate change, and how they want to address the gap. 2050 Target ;0 2055 Edmonds residents were invited to provide input on priorities and new strategies through a workshop conducted online in March 2021, and through a survey that was distributed both online and through a random mailing. The results of the survey and workshop are included in Appendix C. The survey results indicate that a solid majority of Edmonds residents consider the effects of climate change to be concerning, with the highest concerns being wildfire threat, threat to species and habitat, and decreased air quality. One concern that emerged from the workshop feedback was about social equity, recognizing that the effects of climate change fall disproportionately on people of limited means. As a result, a new section on equity has been added to the CAP. In 2022, the plan was refined and presented again to the community in two workshops. Public comment on the strategies and actions has been considered and incorporated into the current plan — see Appendix C for a summary of the comments received. Among the comments received were questions about the cost of taking the proposed actions to address climate change. The plan does not include an estimate of implementation costs to the City or to its residents and businesses, nor does it estimate the cost to its residents and businesses of inaction. Any program that requires funding through the City would require budget approval, and costs will be considered at 12 INTRODUCTION Packet Pg. 58 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT that time. Similarly, regulatory actions considered under this plan could have short- and long-term cost implications, and those will be considered. What this plan does recognize is that the global cost of doing nothing to address human -caused climate change is likely to be greater than the cost of taking action to limit climate action. Mitigation and Adaptation Climate change is a dynamic process in which effects from the past two centuries of carbon emissions will be felt for decades to come. Efforts to reduce or limit these effects by eliminating sources of GHG emissions are broadly categorized as mitigation. This includes steps like switching to electric vehicles or reducing energy used for heating. Changes made in response to the effects of climate change are considered adaptation. This includes steps like ensuring the stormwater system is capable of handling more intense storms and will operate even with sea level rise. Adaptation to climate change will be needed, even under the best -case scenarios of GHG emission elimination. Mitigation measures address the underlying problem of climate change by slowing or stopping the rise in emissions. Adaptation is needed to help people and governments withstand and minimize the ravages of climate change that are already here or will be soon. In the sections that follow, actions are identified with the following symbols that indicate the relative degree of effectiveness of the action at reducing GHG emissions. Some measures may be highly effective but the City may have limited influence over them, such as those dependent on state or federal legislation. Other measures are much more within the City's influence, such as zoning or local infrastructure planning. Both types are included because some important steps can only be accomplished through state or federal action. In some cases, voluntary actions by individuals on a large scale, such as the choice of what car to purchase. Imagine you are in a boat that has sprung a leak. To address the source of the problem means plugging the hole. But to avoid being swamped, you need to start bailing. Both issues need attention simultaneously. In the face of climate change, humanity must similarly act on two fronts at the same time — mitigation and adaptation. What is in this Plan This plan focuses on the most important steps Edmonds can take to address climate change. It begins with a section on equity because addressing climate change (or not doing so) has widely varying implications for individuals of different socio- economic backgrounds. The equity section sets the stage for how we move forward together. The next section summarizes the GHG inventory to provide a sense of the scale of the problem of GHG emissions, and where they come from. The CAP then lays out a set of strategies for addressing climate change, along with specifics for how those strategies will be pursued. Sections on Buildings and Energy, Transportation and Land Use, and Lifestyle and Consumption primarily focus on mitigation — ways the City will work to reduce GHG emissions. The section on Environment adds strategies to ensure the City is prepared to adapt to climate change. Within each of these sections, the CAP describes why that element is important, what the City has done to date, and what is planned for the future. INTRODUCTION Packet Pg. 59 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 60 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Summary of GHG Inventory Update This is a brief summary of a community -wide GHG inventory, which is presented in Appendix A. The inventory was conducted by a consultant team consisting of Environmental Science Associates and Good Company. The inventory was completed in early 2019 (referred to in this document as the 2019 inventory) based on data for 2017, the latest year for which complete information was available, using the Global Protocol for Community -Scale Greenhouse Gas Inventories 1.1 (GPC 1.1).' The City produced one previous inventory in 2009 (referred to as the 2009 inventory), using an earlier protocol and based on data from 2000 and 2005. The 2009 inventory was included in the 2010 CAP. Edmonds' 2017 GHG emissions were estimated to be about 750,000 MT CO2e, including both "local" and "imported" emissions (Figure 5). "Local" emissions are those that occur within the city limits, plus emissions that result from electricity consumption within the city limits. "Imported" emissions are generated outside of Edmonds to produce the goods, food, and services consumed in Edmonds, or by the people of Edmonds while traveling outside of the city, such as air travel. Total local and imported emissions in 2017 were approximately 17.2 MT CO2e per capita. For comparison, in 2017 the global per capita average was 6.4 MT CO2e and the US average was 17.3 MT CO2e2. 1 World Resources Institute et al. 2021. 2 Climate Watch. 2021. Historical GHG Emissions. 750,000 0 500,000 w U U 250,000 E E 0 U r` O N 0 Local + Imported Emissions Imported Emissions • Buildings • Transportation Refrigerant Waste Figure 3: Local plus imported emissions in Edmonds in 2017 c a c 0 Q d M E v M N 0 N SUMMARY OF GHG INVENTORY UPDATE Packet Pg. 61 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Local emissions in 2017 totaled about 306,000 MT CO2e (Figure 6), an increase in overall emissions since 2000. This represents 7.2 MT CO2e per Edmonds resident, a per capita rate that is essentially unchanged since 2000. However, GHG inventory protocols have changed since the previous inventory was completed (see Appendix A for further detail). Under GPC 1.1, the protocol used in this CAP Update, several new categories of GHGs were included, which increased the estimate of overall emissions. The largest of these new categories is fugitive refrigerant emissions - leaked extremely potent greenhouse gases used in refrigeration. 305, 962 MT CO2e 7.2 MT CO2e per capita • 35% • Buildings (Residential) Transportation • 15°i, Buildings (Commercial) Refrigerant 0 2% Buildings (Industrial) Waste Figure 4: Local Emissions in Edmonds in 2017 As shown in Figure 6, emissions from operating buildings and transportation continue to be the two sectors with the largest local emissions sectors. Other key observations from the new inventory include: • Residential buildings in Edmonds have more than double the impact of commercial buildings. In 2017, 65% of electricity was consumed in residential buildings, 29% in commercial, and 6% in industrial. • In 2017, 75% of natural gas was consumed by the residential sector, nearly 25% by the commercial sector, and less than 1 % was consumed by the industrial sector. • Passenger transport, primarily in cars, is the leading source of transportation -related local GHG emissions. Imported emissions in 2017 were estimated at 444,000 MT CO2e, 44% more than Edmonds' local emissions (see the light blue stack in Figure 5). Imported emissions are not required reporting in the GPC 1.1 protocol, due to accuracy limitations. However, the scale of consumption -based emissions is large enough to warrant inclusion in community climate action plans. Households with larger annual incomes typically consume more and therefore generate more imported GHG emissions than households with smaller incomes. For example, GHG emissions from material goods for a household with an income above $120,000 are typically double that of a household with an income of $10,000-40,000. Edmonds' imported emissions are equivalent to the annual emissions of about 95,000 passenger vehicles, or the carbon sequestered annually by over 500,000 acres of average forest in the United States - a land area about 40 times the size of the City of Edmonds. 16 SUMMARY OF GHG INVENTORY UPDATE Packet Pg. 62 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Comparison to the Previous Inventory In the City's previous inventory (covering the years 2000 and 2005), only local emissions were considered, so those are the only emissions that can be compared with the inventory prepared as part of this CAP Update. The following general conclusions can be drawn from comparing the past inventory years with the 2017 inventory: • In 2017, Edmonds had not reduced its local GHG emissions in accordance with the targets listed in the 2010 CAP. Total emissions rose since 2000, and per capita emissions have remained essentially the same, while the CAP aimed to reduce emissions substantially by 2017. • The current protocol requires the use of a higher GHG emission factor (termed Carbon Intensity) for electricity than was used in the 2009 inventory, based on characteristics of the regional electricity grid (see Appendix A). By instead using the local Carbon Intensity factor for electricity supplied by the Snohomish County Public Utility District (SnoPUD), the inventory substantially reduced the GHG emissions from electricity. • GHG emissions from electricity consumption decreased 7% between 2000 and 2017, reflecting greater energy efficiency and conservation. • Natural gas use rose 25%, a higher rate than population and employment growth since 2000, and rose particularly among commercial users. This could mean that some of the overall reduction in electricity consumption was due to conversion to natural gas use, rather than energy conservation. StTransportation emissions up Natural Gas Use up Electricty use down 27% t 25% t 7%1 SINCE 2000 i SINCE 2000 SINCE 2000 • The largest driver increasing Edmonds' emissions is on -road transportation, which increased 27% between 2000 and 2017. Vehicle miles traveled (VMT), a measure used to develop an estimate of the GHG emissions from transportation, cannot be estimated for the Edmonds community with high accuracy using existing data, and is generally assumed to be similar throughout Snohomish County on a per capita basis. As a result, GHG emissions increased not only due to Edmonds' population increase, but also because VMT per capita in the county rose from 2000 to 2017. See the full inventory in Appendix A for further detail At best, due to data limitations, a GHG inventory prepared at a community scale provides a rough estimate of the community's emissions. The inventory follows a globally accepted protocol and provides sufficiently accurate information to assess the scale of emissions from various sectors, which is valuable in setting strategies and priorities for reducing GHG emissions. Improved inventory protocols and recordkeeping should make future inventories more accurate and allow for more precise tracking of progress as well as comparisons overtime. SUMMARY OF GHG INVENTORY UPDATE Packet Pg. 63 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Intentionally Blank C R a c 0 w a r E U M N O N R i R u- a 0 r a m r �a E U r c m E t v r r a 18 EQUITY Packet Pg. 64 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT This chapter focuses on frontline communities, how they may experience climate change, their role in addressing climate change, and climate equity. Frontline communities are those most likely to be affected by climate change. Frontline communities are also often more resource efficient than the general population, with lifestyles that help achieve the community's climate action goals. They often live in higher density housing, consume less energy per capita, and rely on public transit. However, intersecting vulnerabilities and socioeconomic determinants such as preexisting health conditions, physical location, historic marginalization, social context, and income stability can make these communities more susceptible to threats of climate change. For example, elderly people and people who perform outdoor labor may be more vulnerable to changes in climate and environmental conditions. Frontline communities may include the elderly; low-income households; undocumented immigrants; Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities; speakers with limited English proficiency; individuals experiencing homelessness; those already suffering from chronic diseases; and others. Equity Frontline Communities as Stewards Frontline communities are stewards in the conversation around climate change. Due to limited resources, limited mobility, and other factors, frontline communities often have a smaller carbon footprint and are also the first to explore ways to adapt to climate change. An elderly person on a limited fixed income learns to conserve resources, consume less, and find ways of enjoying life that fit within their resources. An immigrant family facing high housing and childcare costs may expand their household to include multiple generations, sharing housing costs and family duties. These types of adaptations may not be motivated by a concern about climate change, but they do have lower carbon emissions through limited household consumption and reduced vehicular trips. Frontline communities can be a source of innovation and expertise on how to make resources go further. EQUITY Packet Pg. 65 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT r a 20 EQUITY Packet Pg. 66 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a years and older Renters Population F L Experiencing Homelessness Educational Attainment Sources: Census data: ACS 2079 5-year estimates, Department of Social and Health Services, 2020 Census Redistricting Data (PL. 94-171) Figure 5: Frontline Communities in Edmonds The City of Edmonds is home to frontline communities including the elderly, BIPOC, non-English speakers, those with no health care coverage, renters, persons below the poverty line, those experiencing homelessness, and those without a bachelor's degree or higher, among others. C a c 0 v Q d M E V CO) N O N EQUITY Packet Pg. 67 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Institutional Racism and Environmental Justice Historically, discrimination against BIPOC communities has led to geographic segregation that reinforced and exacerbated economic, social, and environmental inequities. Like many suburban communities in the Puget Sound region, Edmonds grew rapidly during a period when banking and real estate practices openly discriminated against non -white people. Reinforced by federal policy established in the 1930s, "red -lining" limited the availability of home loans in neighborhoods with high concentration of BIPOC people, thereby constricting the ability of BIPOC people to accumulate wealth. These neighborhoods were also considered appropriate places for polluting industries, resulting in elevated exposure to pollutants by residents of these areas. At the same time, it was common practice not to offer property in white neighborhoods for sale or rent to BIPOC people. Often this was reinforced by property covenants, and in some cases by local law. Racially discriminatory covenants were determined unconstitutional by the US Supreme Court in 1948, and any form of housing discrimination based on race or ethnicity has been illegal in the United States since the Fair Housing Act of 1968.' However, openly discriminatory practices continued into the 1970s, and studies have shown that BIPOC individuals are still discriminated against in the housing market.' Because Edmonds was a suburban city that grew by more than tenfold in the period from 1930 to 1980, its racial makeup was profoundly affected by these conditions. As a result, Edmonds' population is approximately 75% non -Hispanic white, higher than both the county and state averages.3 Even within Edmonds, BIPOC population varies widely among different census tracts. Because of the effects of historic racism, this also means that some areas have concentrations of people with less wealth, which can limit options for housing, education, mobility, and employment. In addition, Edmonds is on the traditional lands of the Coast Salish Peoples who still live here and throughout the region, and whose ancestors resided in this region since time immemorial. Despite treaties intended to protect their access to the resources they depend on, both racism and environmental degradation diminished their access to those resources. Climate change will further impact the daily activities and longstanding traditions of the region's Indigenous communities. It is imperative to meaningfully include those communities in climate change conversations and solutions. Edmonds' responsibility for frontline communities is rooted in its history and in the community's longstanding commitment to all its residents. Given this history, special attention needs to be given to how climate adaptation strategies affect financial equity and ability to build intergenerational wealth within frontline communities. Climate Equity in Edmonds There are numerous ways in which environmental justice intersects with climate change and equity. This section outlines a few of the issues that Edmonds faces. A fuller assessment is one of the actions called for in the Climate Action Plan. Edmonds has distinct neighborhoods including the Bowl, the Highway 99 Corridor, and others. The Bowl encompasses the waterfront, a downtown business district, and the ferry terminal. The Highway 99 Corridor is a commercial center for Edmonds and includes the Health, International, and Gateway Districts along a 2-mile stretch of Washington State Route 99 (SR-99). Geographic and socioeconomic factors create unique exposures and outcomes in each of these areas. For example, the Bowl experiences cooler temperatures than along SR 99 during hot weather events due to proximity to Puget Sound. Communities along the Highway 99 Corridor generally experience greater vulnerability to environmental health disparities than other parts of Edmonds. There is also a large population of people 1 Snohomish County. 2019. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice. 2 Reardon. 2015. Neighborhood Income Composition by Race and Income,1990-2009. 3 US Census. 2021. c M a c 0 Q d M E v CO) N 0 N 22 1 EQUITY Packet Pg. 68 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Social Vulnerability Hazards - Population 65+ Living Alone ..k HO E,p,-, El Figure 6. Environmental Health Disparities and Elderly Population in Edmonds, WA The Washington Environmental Health Disparities Map shows higher vulnerability to environmental health disparities based on socioeconomic factors along SR 99 (socioeconomic factors include limited English, no high school diploma, people of color, population living in poverty, transportation expense, unaffordable housing, and unemployed), while age and housing situation (e.g., solo dwellers) drive high vulnerability rankings for residents living throughout Edmonds and in the Bowl (Source: US Census Bureau, ACS 2079 5-year estimates). Esperance, a 0.7square-mile part of unincorporated Snohomish County, is not reflected in these data. 65 and older living alone in both the Highway 99 Corridor and the Bowl, as illustrated in Figure 4. The unique contexts and frontline communities that exist within Edmonds need to be considered in the assessment and prioritization of climate change resources. Other issues where climate change and environmental equity intersect include tree canopy, open space, air pollution, and safe streets. Tree canopy varies throughout Edmonds. Areas with less canopy tend to develop "heat island" effects due to less shade, making these areas more vulnerable to higher summer temperatures. Trees also help to reduce air pollutants within a local microclimate. In some areas, the lack of tree canopy has been the result of a lack of public investment in street trees and open space. Open space not only provides places for trees but also for exercise, respite, and community gardens. Especially in areas with higher density housing, public open space is an important component of public health. Frontline communities especially can benefit from investment in open space when it is designed to serve the needs of those communities, and those investments can also help Edmonds reach its climate goals. For example, community gardens EQUITY Packet Pg. 69 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT provide a place where people can grow food that not only keeps their cost of living down but also reduces the greenhouse gas emissions from food imported from outside the city. Air pollution, while not an issue in much of Edmonds due to ample air movement, can be an issue in areas with a high concentration of vehicular and especially truck traffic, like the Highway 99 Corridor. Supporting the conversion to electric vehicles will benefit frontline communities in these areas, and there may be other measures the City can take to reduce exposure to pollutants in dense neighborhoods, such as limiting idling. Safe streets are another component of resilient communities. Many of the actions in the Climate Action Plan focus on reducing vehicle miles traveled as a means to reduce GHG emissions. For those strategies to work, alternative modes of travel must be available, especially for the areas where most of Edmonds growth is expected to go, in centers identified in the Comprehensive Plan. However, many of the centers do not have streets complete with safe places to walk or bicycle, especially those near Highway 99. Historically, the areas with the least developed street infrastructure have also been where lower cost multifamily development has occurred. By listening to and addressing the needs of frontline communities in these areas, the city can help to reach its climate action goals in a manner that reduces some of these past inequities. Centering equity Centering equity means ensuring that people who will experience the brunt of climate impacts are actively engaged in and providing leadership to efforts that identify and prioritize vulnerabilities and develop solutions to address those vulnerabilities. The City of Edmonds has been working to integrate equity considerations into planning, demonstrated by the formation of a Diversity Commission in 2015 and the Mayor's Equity and Social Justice Task Force in 2020, as well as other planning goals, such as the city's long-term vision to offer affordable housing with walking and transit access.4 Some community improvements in response to climate change may lead to unintended effects, such as exacerbating displacement and gentrification. Therefore, in considering future climate programs, plans, and policies, it will be important for the City of Edmonds to apply an equity lens, and to guard against maladaptive practices. Public participation for the climate action process in 2021 included a virtual open house and community workshops, accompanied by a survey to provide feedback on current proposed strategies and recommend potential new ones. Feedback from this outreach included suggestions that the City should consider equity in its efforts to address climate change, including helping those who could least afford to adapt to the effects of climate change. As a result, this section has been added to the CAP Update. Community involvement will continue to play an integral role in climate planning in Edmonds. An equity lens may include analysis by asking questions such as: Who is most affected by decisions, and therefore should be at the table? Who is not at the table? How can they be included? Is there a diverse representation from a range of lived experience on project teams and in decision -making roles? Who benefits from the project, program, or policy? Who is adversely impacted? Are the voices of frontline communities being heard, and is their input being considered? 4 City of Edmonds. 2020. City of Edmonds 2020 Comprehensive Plan) c a c 0 Q d M E v CO) N 0 N 24 EQUITY Packet Pg. 70 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Co-benef its of climate equity strategies Many of the actions that address climate change can improve the health and wellbeing of frontline communities. For example, retrofitting homes for energy efficiency can help low-income households reduce their utility payments and experience greater safety during extreme weather events, with the co -benefit of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Other common co -benefits of adaptation strategies are related to health, financial stability, education, improved mobility, and support of businesses. Integrating climate change into permitting and land use planning can result in benefits such as mixed and joint open space -affordable housing developments, and expanding access to local food sources. By instituting measures to deal with climate impacts, Edmonds can plan for climate change in a way that protects frontline communities and provides an equitable distribution of costs, benefits, and opportunities for all members of the community. By investing in skilled workers, green workforce development training, and new low carbon technologies like clean energy and renewable materials, Edmonds can support new engines for green job growth and sustainable economic prosperity. In partnership with other public agencies and community -based organizations, the City of Edmonds has an important role to alleviate historic disparities, educate and engage the public on climate change issues, and to promote community involvement in actions to reduce climate change risks. In the strategies described in this plan, some of the most obvious equity issues are mentioned. As the City of Edmonds updates its comprehensive plan and develops new initiatives to address climate change, we will continue to center equity comprehensively and and take meaningful steps to address the issues surrounding climate change. EQUITY Packet Pg. 71 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 72 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Buildings and The Problem, Strategy, and Benefits: Energy used in the occupancy and operation of buildings is the largest source of local GHG emissions in Edmonds (Figure 7). Because Edmonds is largely residential, residential buildings emit roughly twice the quantity of GHGs that commercial and industrial buildings in Edmonds emit. Building emissions are about equally split between natural gas and electricity, although a small portion of homes are also heated with heating oil. At present, most electricity in Washington is generated through hydropower, wind, nuclear, and solar, sources that have very low GHG emissions. Snohomish PUD, which provides Edmonds with electricity, obtains over 95% of its electricity from carbon -free sources and is on track to achieving 100%.' As discussed in more detail in the GHG inventory (Appendix A), some electricity on the regional grid comes from either coal or natural gas generation equipment, with the latter being important especially for peak demand periods. The Clean Energy Transformation Act (CETA), passed in 2019 by the Washington legislature, requires all electricity to be carbon neutral by 2030, and carbon -free by 2045. This will eventually drive down GHG emissions from buildings significantly, especially from those heated by electricity, but fossil fueled heating, cooking, and hot water will continue to be a substantial source of emissions unless further action is taken. 1 SnoPUD. 2021. Final 2021 Clean Energy Implementation Plan. Energy 305, 962 MT CO2e 7.2 MT CO2e per capita • 3 S 0/1 • Buildings (Residential) Transportation Buildings (Commercial) Refrigerant 2% 2-/o Buildings (Industrial) Waste Figure 7: 2017 Local GHG Emissions in Edmonds, WA BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 73 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT While electrical consumption in Edmonds declined by 7% from 2000 to 2017, natural gas consumption rose by 25%. Efforts to conserve electricity remain important, but reducing fossil fuel use must be a key area of focus to reach the ultimate goal of net -zero carbon emissions from buildings in Edmonds by 2050. The main uses for carbon -based fuels in homes are heating and cooling (34% of total energy use), hot water (30%), and cooking (3%) (see Figure 8). In residential buildings and especially in detached homes, natural gas is the most common fuel used for heating and hot water.2 It is also common for cooking and gas fireplaces. For residential buildings, GHG reduction strategies that focus on homes using carbon -based fuels, and especially heating and hot water, will have the greatest effect. Refers to a target of completely negating the amount of GHGs produced by a specific human activity or facility, to be achieved by reducing emissions and implementing methods of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Because housing is a basic need, considerations of social equity are important. Low-income urban households have an energy burden —the proportion of income spent on energy —three times higher than that of non -low-income households, due to lack of weatherization and older equipment.3 For example, natural gas is less expensive for hot water production than a conventional hot water heater. Heating water with an electric heat pump cost less to operate, but the equipment is typically more expensive than natural gas hot water heaters. Although converting to a heat -pump hot-water system would reduce GHG emissions and energy bills, lower income households often cannot afford the initial expense. Strategies that consider such equity issues will focus on helping those who are least able to afford to make the conversion that is needed to meet the goal. 3A% 0 S% Heating & Cooling Refrigerators • 30% • 6% Water Heating Lighting • 1 8% Clother Dryers Other • 3% Cooking Figure 8: Residential energy use Source: 2020 Biennial Energy Report, State of Oregon, Oecember2020 Similarto residential buildings, heating and hot water are major energy uses in commercial and institutional buildings. Some commercial operations have processes that also require carbon -based fuels. Determining what types of operations use carbon - based fuels and what can be done to reduce their GHG footprint can be complicated, but the basic needs of heating and hot water production are common to all. Restaurants often use natural gas for cooking and in some cases for heating outdoor eating areas. As with residences, there are many 2 Oregon Department of Energy. 2020. Biennial Energy Report. 3 ACEEE. 2016. Lifting the High Energy Burden in America's Largest Cities. c a c 0 Q d M E 5 CO) N O N 28 BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 74 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a small business owners for whom GHG reduction could be especially burdensome, and social equity consideration should be part of the discussion. Supporting businesses' efforts to become more energy efficient reinforces community resilience at the same time it reduces GHG emissions. Puget Sound Energy (PSE) is also making efforts for its gas supply to be carbon neutral. PSE has begun experimenting with carbon neutral "renewable natural gas" and other sources to replace fossil fuel, and aims to sell carbon neutral natural gas by 2045. Unlike electric sources, however, there is no State mandate for natural gas at this time, and it is not clear how or if PSE will attain its stated goals. Therefore, this CAP Update uses the conservative assumption that natural gas will continue to be predominantly fossil fuel, and takes the strategy of supporting statewide legislation similar to the Clean Energy Transformation Act (CETA) to reduce the carbon footprint of natural gas supplies. The City has taken steps to address these issues but more must be done to meet the target by 2050. RNG is a pipeline -quality gas that is fully interchangeable with conventional natural gas. RNG is essentially biogas (the gaseous product of the decomposition of organic matter, such as wood or agricultural waste) that has been processed to purity standards. What the City has already done: • In 2007, became an ENERGY STAR partner with the EPA, employing the ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager to track monthly consumption of energy use in 16 City -owned buildings. In April 2008, adopted Edmonds' Sustainable Building Policy (Council Resolution 1168). It established the LEED Silver standard, developed by the US Green Building Council, for new commercial or civic buildings of greater than 5,000 square feet and for renovation of existing structures when the increase in value amounts to more than 50% of assessed value. It also emphasized Life Cycle Cost Analysis. • In 2009, adopted a "Sustainability Element" in the City's Comprehensive Plan that included a commitment to review building codes as they pertain to heat, insulation, and energy efficiency • Joined the Cascade Agenda as a member city and endorsed the Cascade Agenda principles of making the city "complete, compact, and connected." • Completed an energy audit of major City buildings and facilities to identify opportunities for improved efficiency. • Reduced electrical usage at the library by approximately 45% after completing a capital improvement project. Since the last CAP was prepared (2070): • Upgraded the wastewater treatment plant with new technology that reduced electrical consumption by 19% and fuel oil consumption by 44%, a reduction of 221 MT CO2e annually. • The City purchased 36 energy use meters, which are available to residents and small business owners to check-out for a free two -week period. • Upgraded energy efficiency of City facilities, including interior lighting, insulation, and 10kW of community solar at the Anderson Center; insulated glazing at City Hall; and high efficiency boiler and hot water tank at the Public Safety building. • Worked with PUD to replace 1600 streetlights with energy -efficient LED fixtures. c a c 0 Q d M E 5 CO) N 0 N BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 75 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategies and Actions: Significant reductions in GHG emissions from buildings can be obtained by pursuing several practical measures that fall into three basic strategies: Strategy BE-1: Replace Fossil Fuels used in Buildings with Renewable Energy Resources With the passage of CETA, electricity will be carbon free by 2045; thus, any all -electric buildings will have eliminated their GHG emissions for energy. Conversion from fossil fuel to electricity will do the most to accomplish this strategy. This includes changing heating and hot water systems, including outdoor heating and lawn care equipment, and water conservation devices. Adding solar generation to buildings prior to 2030 will help speed this effort, and will add to community energy resilience through local generation of electricity. Actions: BE-1 Replace Fossil Fuels Used in Existing Buildings with Renewable Energy Resources BE-1.1 Adopt appropriate zoning allowances to facilitate installation of renewable energy projects and energy .* efficient equipment, such as height and side setback 111 High exceptions for heat pumps and other energy efficiency equipment. BE-1.2 Provide financial assistance programs such as low interest loans or grants for installation of solar energy projects and High energy efficient equipment for affordable housing projects, `�, including residences and community facilities. BE-1.3 Promote electrification of heating and hot water for all small � tV'i LOW business spaces by 2035. BE-1.4 Promote electrification of all businesses, including heating, LOW hot water, and cooking, by 2050. BE-1.5 Educate the homeowners, renters, apartment managers, and businesses on the energy efficiency and cost High effectiveness of electric heat pump heating and hot water systems. BE-1.6 Restrict or prohibit the use of fossil fuels for lawn equipment High and outdoor heating. c M a c 0 Q d M E M N O N 30 BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 76 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy BE-2: Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings and Infrastructure Energy consumption in buildings could be cut by about 30-50%through investment in energy efficiency. Up to 20% of US households have heating equipment that is more than 20 years old. Modern appliances and equipment with ENERGY STAR ratings can be as much as 80% more efficient than the equipment it replaces. Low-income urban households have an energy burden —the proportion of income spent on energy —three times higher than that of higher income households, partially due to lack of weatherization. Improved energy efficiency can lower living costs and improve the quality of housing, while also reducing GHG emissions. The City will continue to encourage energy efficiency upgrades in existing buildings. The City already has programs aimed at reducing energy consumption at its wastewater treatment plant and reducing water consumption. The City will also examine the feasibility of converting all City facilities to electric heating and hot water. a c The City will continue to promote energy -efficiency programs sponsored by the utilities and energy companies, including water conservation. To support PSE's efforts to reduce its carbon footprint, the City Q will support statewide legislation to require natural gas supply systems to be carbon neutral M E C+ M N O Actions: BE-2: Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings and Infrastructure BE-2.1 Support legislation to require gas supply systems statewide �A� to be carbon -neutral by 2045. BE-2.2 Create and implement a green building incentive program. BE-2.3 Continue to improve energy efficiency of the City's wastewater treatment plant. Low High High BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 77 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy BE-3: Require the Design and Construction of New and Remodeled Buildings to Meet Green Building Standards New commercial, mixed -use, and residential buildings will be built as redevelopment and in -fill development occurs and development, including within the Highway 99 and Westgate Mixed -use planning areas. Building to Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standards, and moving to all -electric and net -zero construction will significantly reduce resource consumption and the creation of waste in our dwellings and commercial buildings. Actions: BE-3: Require the Design and Construction of New and Remodeled Buildings to Meet Gree Building Standards BE-3.1 Adopt regulations to require new multi -family and � commercial buildings to use 100%electric heating, cooking, (to High and hot water by 2023. BE-3.2 Support changes to State building code to achieve net -zero energy consumption in new buildings by 2030, including ` it High requiring new single-family residences to be all electric. BE-3.3 Require that all new multi -family residential and commercial buildings and any major commercial remodeling projects A GO) Low meet LEED Gold standards or equivalent for Commercial and LEED Silver or equivalent for multifamily. BE-3.4 Convert all City facilities to electric heat and hot water by High 2035. 32 BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 78 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Metrics for tracking Building and Strategy BE-1: Replace Fossil Fuels used in Buildings with Renewable Energy Resources r M-M-01 Strategy BE-2: Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings and Infrastructure Strategy BE-3: Require the Design and Construction of New and Remodeled Buildings to Meet Green Building Standards 750 o 100% c O a c O v Q d M E 5 CO) N O N BUILDINGS AND ENERGY Packet Pg. 79 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 80 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Transportation and Land Use The problem, strategy, and benefits Transportation accounts for 40% of local GHG emissions in Edmonds —our second largest source (see Figure 5). Although the City of Edmonds has little control over traffic on our highways, fuel - efficiency standards, fuel taxes, or technological breakthroughs, choices that the City and community make regarding land use, use of electric or high - efficiency vehicles, and support for infrastructure all influence local GHG emissions from transportation. Development in Edmonds is predominantly residential. As a result, most Edmonds residents commute outside of the city for employment, and the majority do much of their shopping outside of the city. In Edmonds, an estimated 80% of the GHG emissions from the transportation sector are from passenger vehicles (Figure 9). Approximately 71 % of workers in Edmonds commuted in private vehicles in 2017, and over half had commutes of longer than 20 minutes.' By making more goods, services, and employment available within Edmonds, residents could reduce the need to travel for daily activities. This means encouraging commercial development in mixed -use urban centers such as downtown Edmonds, Westgate, and Five Corners. Currently, transportation is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. A considerable amount of fossil fuel is also required to produce and deliver goods and services to residents of Edmonds — emissions that are not produced locally. In addition, as a relatively affluent community, Edmonds residents often use air travel for work and recreation, another source of GHGs not produced locally but attributable to 1 2017 US Census Bureau. Qn% "y Passenger Travel Truck Freight • Q %, Commercial Services Port • 6% Rail Transit • 3% Off Road Figure 9: Distribution of local transportation emissions by vehicle category a c 0 Q d M E v CO) N 0 N TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 81 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a our lifestyle. Figure 10 shows the sources of GHG emissions from various transportation modes, including these imported emissions. Reducing GHG emissions from transportation can be accomplished by traveling in vehicles that use less fossil fuel per passenger mile travelled or by reducing the number of vehicle miles traveled (VMT). Transit use generates fewer GHG emissions per passenger mile than using fossil fuel -powered private vehicles. Edmonds has access to bus and rail transit, but only about 9% of workers use transit to commute. Recent expansion of Bus Rapid Transit in the Highway 99 corridor and expanding Sound Transit light rail in the 1-5 corridor will increase opportunities for transit use by Edmonds residents. Further improvement such as transit hubs, shuttles, "last -mile" services, ridership promotion, and electrification of transit vehicles can help reduce GHG emissions from transportation. In addition, electric vehicles and plug- in hybrid vehicles can replace use of fossil fuels with electricity, which, as discussed above, will soon be carbon neutral in Washington State, and eventually carbon -free. Reducing the number of miles traveled can be accomplished by changes in land use patterns as well as by changes in work location and commuting habits. Land use patterns that provide housing close to shopping and employment reduce the distance to destinations and facilitate efficient transit use. Where there are safe and convenient routes, more people choose walking or riding a bicycle for short trips, such as shopping, travel to school, or visiting friends, as well as for regular commuting. Working from home, which has become much more common during the current pandemic, also reduces commute trips. Sq°/, • ?% Passenger Travel Transit • 26% • '0f Air Travel Commercial Service •6% •1% Truck Freight Rail • 5% 1 % Port Off Road Figure 10: Distribution of local and imported transportation emissions by vehicle category 36 TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 82 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT What the City has already done: • Adopted a Transportation Plan that will add new sidewalks and bicycle routes. • Converted all diesel trucks to biodiesel fuel. • Provided transit and carpool incentives to City employees, including alternate work schedules and telecommuting opportunities. • Supported the Swift Bus Rapid Transit plan. Since the last CAP was prepared (2070). • Adopted a Complete Streets Ordinance (Ordinance No. 3842) in June of 2011, resulting d in 15 miles of new bike lanes, with 6 more miles r_ 0 planned for 2023. • Reduced minimum parking standards in many commercial and residential zones. a • Created more flexible zoning standards E — encouraging mixed -use development. M • Added requirements for charging stations in new N N development. • Installed public electric vehicle charging stations at 20 locations • Upgraded the City vehicle fleet to 6 electric E vehicles, 11 hybrid vehicles, 33 propane vehicles, and committed to 6 more electric and 8 more a hybrid vehicles to the fleet in 2022. c • Updated City land -use rules to encourage more Q home -based business opportunities. d • Worked with Sound Transit to add commuter rail E E improvements. U c E t v Q TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 83 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategies and Actions: Five strategies that are essential for reducing GHG from transportation include: Strategy TR-1: Reduce VMT through Sustainable Land Use One of the most effective ways the City of Edmonds can address emissions from transportation is through regulating how our city is developed, including the promotion of local businesses in mixed -use centers. Business hubs provide readily available and nearby goods, services, and employment for surrounding neighborhoods. This shortens travel distances and makes walking and biking more attractive. Every unit of housing constructed in an urban center represents a reduction of approximately 1.5 MT CO2e annually, compared to the average home in Edmonds. Edmonds has many attractive multi- family areas and has planned for nearly all its future growth to occur in these types of centers. M a. c 0 :r Actions: m E Potential -. reeGHGs Influence Transportation and Land Use to Peduce of City N L TR-1: Reduce VMT through Sustainable Land Use o c TR-1.1 Adopt a multimodal level of service to enable complete A U_ streets outcomes. tl�� High TR-1.2 Develop code and guidelines and zoning that support mixed -use and transit -oriented (Highway 99 and downtown) development in neighborhood commercial centers to High encourage close -to -home local shopping and employment opportunities. TR-1.3 Provide tax or other incentives for low income or affordable housing projects in the City's activity centers. High TR-1.4 Encourage more businesses to locate in Edmonds, such as by increasing commercial capacity by allowing commercial uses in more locations, by permitting more intensive uses, High or reducing parking requirements in areas well served by transit. Current level of service standard establish aceptable levels of travel delay for vehicles using public roads. A multimodal level of service would establish similar threshholds for transit, walking, and biking. 38 TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 84 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Strategy TR-2: Reduce VMT by Improving Transit Systems Edmonds is served by Community Transit buses and Sound Transit commuter rail. However, relatively few workers regularly commuted by transit in 2017. With the pandemic, travel patterns are changing. Community Transit already provides discounted fares to seniors, low income and youth riders. This strategy includes supporting increased transit service, efficiency, and reliability within Edmonds (e.g., to shopping, medical, schools, and recreation) and connections to regional transit, with the goal of greater transit use by commuters, residents and visitors, and an associated reduction in VMT. Actions: TR-2: Reduce VMT by Improving Transit Systems TR-2.1 Coordinate transit agencies to increase service within Edmonds and improve access to new light rail connections. TR-2.2 Preserve and expand sounder commuter rail service in f , Edmonds. TR-2.3 Invest in transit stop amenities to improve transit ridership �A experience (e.g. shelters, benches, lighting). Moderate Low Low TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 85 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy TR-3: Reduce VMT by Committing to a Complete Street Approach Walking and biking do not generate GHGs. However, in many areas of Edmonds walkers and bikers do not feel safe because of the lack of separated and protected routes. Improvements such as Safe Routes to School, additional and safer bike lanes, convenient bicycle parking, and more improved and extended sidewalks make it easier for people to choose these alternate modes. Currently, only 2.4% of workers in Edmonds walk or bike to work. Every shift of mileage from gasoline - powered automobiles to non -motorized modes reduces GHG emissions, not only by reducing VMT, but also by reducing congestion and vehicle idling. Actions: TR-3: Reduce VMT by Promoting Active Transportation TR-3.1 Commit to installing one bicycle rack per block within High neighborhood districts. TR-3.2 Establish a complete streets process for capital projects A and a complete streets steering committee to sign off on 64 High compete streets recommendation or exemptions. TR-3.3 Develop a pedestrian priority investment network and triple A funding in the Capital Improvements Plan. (to High TR-3.4 Adapt streets for people purposes periodically, such as "Walkable Weekends" to promote walking as a community High activity that also supports local businesses. TR-3.5 Require bike parking and e-bike charging in new commercial and multifamily. High c a c 0 Q d M E 5 CO) N O N 40 TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 86 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy TR-4: Reduce VMT through Vehicle Sharing and Flexible Work Requirements Carpooling and vanpooling have been available options for commuters for decades, but have been utilized in Edmonds only on a limited basis. Flexible work schedules, such as working from home or having 4-day work weeks, have also been little utilized until the COVID-19 pandemic. Many office workers have switched at least temporarily to working from home either full time or part time, with the effect of reducing VMT for commuting. Since most working residents of Edmonds are employed outside of Edmonds, the City has little control or influence over working conditions or requirements, but through education and outreach may be able to help and encourage Edmonds residents to continue to use these types of commute trip reduction measures. The City can also facilitate carpooling at local employers by requiring that designated parking spaces be provided. Actions: TR-4: Reduce VMT through Vehicle Sharing and Flexible Work Requirements TR-4.1 Explore bike and scoot share programs within the City of A Edmonds. Gf High TR-4.2 Formalize hybrid work options for City employees. High TR-4.3 Explore opportunities to develop car share facilities (e.g., ZipCar, car2go, GIG, etc.) with ferry system. Moderate TR-4.4 Increase utilization of the city commute trip reduction Moderate program for employees. c a c 0 a M E 5 CO) N O N TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 87 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy TR-5: Promote Low -Carbon Vehicles and Other Methods of Reducing Emissions from Vehicles Fossil fuel -powered cars and trucks are the largest component of the GHG emissions from transportation in Edmonds. Conversion to electrically powered vehicles can eliminate or substantially reduce GHG emissions, and such adoption is accelerating, especially as many major manufacturers commit to phasing out fossil -fueled vehicles. As of December 2021 there were 745 battery -electric and 212 plug-in hybrid vehicles registered in Edmonds, an increase of nearly 144% since 2017, but still just over 2% of the vehicles. In Norway, electric vehicle sales rose from 1 % to 65% in 10 years.2 The primary role the City can play is to help create the charging infrastructure needed in public places and in existing and new development. The City can also continue to replace its own fleet, educate the public to better understand the technology, and support electrification of transit, ferries, and commercial transport. In addition, while many fossil -fueled vehicles remain in use, the City can reduce emissions through establishment of no -idling zones. Actions: TR-5: Promote Electric Vehicles and Other Low -Carbon Vehicles TR-5.1 Adopt standards for the placement of charging stations in A public rights -of -way. f of High TR-5.2 Convert City fleet to electric vehicles. to High TR-5.3 Add charging stations at all City -owned facilities including A parks. (to High TR-5.4 Adopt a policy to limit vehicle idling, including the posting of appropriate signs at businesses and holding areas, A such as school and ferry areas. This action would include Gf Low evaluating how to equip City trucks with auxiliary electrical systems for illumination and warning signs. TR-5.5 Support the long-term plan for electrifying the Washington A State ferry fleet. Gf Low 2 Time Magazine 2022. What Norway Can Teach the World About Switching to Electric Vehicles. January 7, 2022. c M a c 0 Q d M E CO) N O N 42 TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE Packet Pg. 88 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Metric: Transportation and Land Use Strategy TR-1: Reduce VMT through Sustainable Land Use Strategy TR-2: Reduce VMT by Improving Transit Systems Strategy TR-3: Reduce VMT by Promoting Active Transportation Strategy TR-4B: Promote flexible work requirements TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE 43 Packet Pg. 89 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 90 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Environment The problem, strategy, and benefits: Climate action also includes preparing for and adapting to climate change. Our environment, consisting of both natural systems and the built environment, is being affected by climate change in numerous ways, some of which we understand very clearly, and some we are only beginning to understand. At a global scale, these include: • Changes in temperature and precipitation that affect the supply of water and food for hundreds of millions of people.' • Flooding and inundation due to sea level rise that affect nearly every coastal community in the world, inundating the residences of millions of people, most of whom live in cities, as well as changing patterns of coastal erosion.2 • Ocean acidification, reduced polar ice, and other climate shifts that are reducing the range of habitats for numerous plant and animal species, and inducing the migration of many species.' Edmonds, although small, contributes to these impacts through GHG emissions. Through outreach on this plan, the Edmonds community has indicated it wants to ensure that the carbon sequestered in its urban forests and natural areas is maintained or increased, along with efforts to eliminate most of its GHG emissions over time. Edmonds also wants to explore other ways that its emissions could be offset by sequestration. The strategies described below address these approaches for sequestration. 1 Munia et al. 2020; Mbow et al. 2019. 2 Climate Central 2015. 3 IPCC2019. 4 Snover et al. 2019. 5 Mauger et al. 2015. Edmonds will also feel the effects of these global changes, such as increasing human migration, 2 resource conflicts, disruptions to food and other a production systems, and other effects. It is difficult to predict how these larger scale effects will manifest ° locally. Many regional and local effects, however, Q can be predicted with reasonable certainty. The probability of any particular outcome is typically E expressed as a range because much depends on CU how well the world society responds to climate N issues. If one has high degree of faith that society will 0 respond quickly and extensively, then the lower end of the range is more likely. If one doubts that society o will respond quickly, the higher range should be considered the more likely outcome. ii Regionally and locally, climate change is expected to 2 IL include: _ • Higher temperatures, including more extreme high temperatures in summer. By mid-century, average annual temperatures in the Puget Sound region are projected to increase by 4.2°F to 5.5°F (2.3°C to 3.1 °C) compared to the 1970-1999 average, and continue to rise through at least 2100.4 The hottest temperatures are expected to rise by over 60F (3.30C). • More frequent and more intense precipitation events in the Puget Sound region.' For Example, King County anticipates a 7%to 54% increase in the 10-year hourly rainfall event by 2080. (Although estimates have not yet been made for Snohomish County, results are likely to be similar.) • More rainfall instead of snow in the winter, resulting in 38%-46% less snowpack in the Cascades, and decreasing summer water supplies and summer streamflows.' ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 91 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a • Increasing frequency of wildfire and length of wildfire season along the West Coast including inland areas east of the Cascades, with associated smoke reaching Puget Sound. An 89% likelihood that sea level in Edmonds will rise 1 foot by 2100, and a 1 % chance that it will rise by 5 feet or more. In either case, sea level will continue to rise into the next century.6 These effects have already begun. Globally, the years 2013-2021 all rank among the 10 warmest years on record, with 2021 being the 6th warmest on record. Locally, 2021 included the three hottest days on record. Downtown Edmonds saw its first ever temperature of 100 degrees, giving a taste of what higher future temperature extremes mean for the region. Tides in early 2022 reached record highs throughout Puget Sound. In the Puget Sound region in 2018, wildfire smoke led to 24 days of poor air quality, including nine days that were considered either unhealthy for sensitive groups or unhealthy for everyone. The ways these changes will affect frontline communities in Edmonds need to be better understood, but we do know that some people will have a harder time adapting than others. For example, extreme summer heat causes heat stress, including death. More than 80% of deaths from heat stress are among people over 60 years of age, and Edmonds has a high percentage of people in this age group.? The problems of heat stress are compounded when air quality is poor, because keeping windows open allows dangerous levels of particulates. Again, older individuals are among the most susceptible, as are young children and others. Many homes in Edmonds do not have air conditioning, and the cost of purchasing and operating air conditioners can be especially hard for people living on lower and fixed incomes. Community solutions to these types of issues may range from emergency cooling centers, to subsidies for energy -efficient cooling systems, to planting trees for shade. average annual temperatures •' likelihood of a increase by 38%-46% foot rise in 4.2°F to 5.5°F less snowpack in the 2-5 sea level in by 2100 JA � Cascades by 2050%=O%NNO%MO RSLR for Selected Location PRedee changes relative to the average sea level over 1991.2009. Hover for defalfs. 10.0 8.0 50 1.Q 2.0 Select projectiars end year 0 21se g.a '' o < 2030 2050 2070 2090 2110 2130 2150 Figure 11: Relative Sea Level Rise (RSL) expected for Edmonds WA. Source: Miller et al. 2019 Scenario, Likelihood High(RCP8.5), 1% High (RCP8-5). SC% High(RCP8.5).99% Low (RCP 4.5), 1% Law (RCP 4.5), SMA Low (RCP 4.S), 99% 6 Miller et al. 2019. 7 Kenny et al. 2010. Edmonds by 2100 r' J �o r Figure 12: Inundation of Edmonds shoreline with 5 feet of sea level rise at high tide. Source. Climate Central 2022 c a c Q d M E V CO) N O N 46 I ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 92 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Edmonds must consider strategies for adapting to the effects from climate change that include: • Extreme heat events that will place stress on residents, especially those who do not have air conditioning in their homes. • Sea level rise that will frequently inundate areas of the Edmonds waterfront and downtown before the end of the century. • Changes in storm intensity that could overwhelm stormwater systems and damage roads and other infrastructure. • Risk of water shortages during hotter, drier summers. c • Air quality issues due to wildfire smoke. a c 0 What the City has a already done: E • Adopted stringent policies to preserve our U wetlands in the late 1980s and to limit the N impacts of hillside development in the 1990s. N • Committed to a set of environmental principles, policies, and goals for future action with Resolution 1700 (April 2008). M • Recognized the interrelated nature of environmental, economic, and social r_ sustainability through the Sustainability Element a of the City's Comprehensive Plan. c Since the last CAP was prepared (2070). Q • Added requirements for shade trees and rain gardens in parking lots to land use code. E • Identified tree canopy coverage and areas where v it could be increased c • Continued education and outreach programs for m E watershed and water conservation awareness and other environmental concerns. Q • Adopted an integrated pest management approach in parks resulting in a 60% reduction in pesticide use, and currently phasing out use of "Roundup". • Utilizing "in-house" wood chips and leaf mulch for weed suppression and soil building in parks. ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 93 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategies and Actions: To address these concerns, Edmonds will pursue three general strategies: Strategy EN-1: Increase Carbon Sequestration As noted in the GHG Inventory section, Edmonds is currently emitting GHGs and will likely continue to do so, even under the most optimistic scenarios. Forests, marshes, and even garden landscapes have the capacity to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it as carbon in wood, leaves, and roots, which is sometimes called carbon sequestration. Plants also reduce the potential for heat buildup, such as occurs in concentrated areas of paving and buildings, and can reduce energy costs for cooling. Forests provide benefits such as reducing runoff and erosion and removing toxic substances from air and water, as well as providing recreational and aesthetic values. For these reasons, Edmonds should preserve and, where feasible, expand its _ urban forest and natural areas. Edmonds adopted an Urban Forest Management Plan in 2019 to provide guidance for managing, enhancing, a r_ and growing trees in the City of Edmonds over the next 20 years. Special emphasis is placed on managing trees on public property and along the public rights -of -way. The plan includes goals to maintain citywide canopy Q coverage, manage public trees, incentivize protecting and planting trees on private property, and inform the 4-- communityon tree selection, planting, and care e. "right tree, right lace"). P 9- i 9•, g 9 P `° E The Edmonds Marsh is another natural area with carbon sequestration potential. Although the sequestration V M potential has not been determined, plans for restoring this area to an intertidal marsh come with hopes that this c could also have the benefit of increasing the carbon stored in the soils of the marsh. F1 Actions: Strategy EN-1: Increase Carbon Sequestration EN-1.1 Adopt a canopy coverage target for the city. High EN-1.2 Identify pockets of woodlands and marsh land that the City High could purchase to add to our parks system. EN-1.3 Identify City parks and open spaces where carbon High sequestration could be increased. EN-1.4 For fee -in -lieu mitigation sites, prioritize sites that sequester High carbon. EN-1.5 Update the City Street Tree Plan to prioritize increasing tree cover in appropriate places along the city's street rights -of -way, High especially in areas of low canopy coverage. EN-1.6 Explore application of biochar from the wastewater treatment plant to sequester carbon and improve soils in parks and High residential developments. EN-1.7 Assess the health of and changing stress on Edmonds' urban forest and develop strategies to prevent loss of trees to heat, Moderate drought, and insects. 48 ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 94 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy EN-2: Explore Other Methods for Offsetting Edmonds' GHG Emissions Edmonds can also meet its GHG reduction goals by purchasing offsets for its GHG emissions. Carbon offsets allow a business, a government, or an individual to pay someone else to eliminate a given quantity of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Numerous ways are being explored for sequestering carbon, including industrial technology, modified agricultural practices, planting forests, and restoring salt marshes or kelp forests. This strategy can also benefit other community sustainability goals such as supporting local agriculture or salmon recovery. Offsets might also include regional or international efforts such as buying cleaner -burning cookstoves in developing countries to reduce deforestation, financing a wind turbine generator that displaces fossil fuels on the power grid, or restoring a section of tropical forest that takes in carbon from the atmosphere. Advocates say that offsets combat climate change, protect nature, and route money to the parts of the planet that need it the most, and must be part of the solution to limit warming. d c However, carbon offset projects have a history of overpromising and underdelivering. Proper accountability and permanence can be difficult to ensure. Critics of offsets say they allow people to continue emitting GHGs Q and avoid responsibility for doing so. Any use of offsets must include a thorough vetting of the offset program, d whether local, regional, or international. Otherwise, the supposed benefit may evaporate. E This strategy includes disclosing the social and mortality cost of any carbon emissions that have not been offset. M N O N Actions: EN-2: Explore Other Methods for Offsetting Edmonds' GHG Emissions EN-2.1 Develop a periodic calculation of the gap between Edmonds'targeted and actual GHG emissions reductions, High for the metrics in this plan and provide an online dashboard to keep the public informed on progress. EN-2.2 Engage in a regional conversation about offsetting GHGs. High EN-2.3 Calculate the social and mortality costs of carbon that would High result from each Comprehensive Plan update. EN-2.4 For any emissions that are not offset per metrics the tracking tool, prepare a calculation of the social and mortality cost on High an periodic basis. EN-2.5 Research and recommend methods of offsetting GHG High emissions locally. EN-2.e Explore purchase of GHG offsets. kv High ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 95 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy EN-3: Prepare for the Impacts of Climate Change The impacts of climate change are widespread, and this CAP Update does not provide a full account of the extent or severity of each type of risk. This strategy focuses on preparing a more complete assessment of local risks and developing specific adaptation measures from that assessment. This includes planning for sea level rise, extreme heat, higher intensity storms, constrained water supply in summer, and other effects. Effective planning for these types of changes can have multifaceted benefits. Adapting to sea level rise can include measures that improve and protect habitat as well as property. Techniques like increasing urban forest cover or designing energy -efficient buildings can result in better habitat and greater year-round comfort. Managing stormwater can include methods like increasing infiltration, which can benefit habitat and water quality. Reducing water use can save energy and benefit fish by protecting streamflows. Actions: EN-3: Prepare for the Impacts of Climate Change EN-3.1 When planning for any climate change adaptations, include an assessment of which parts of the community would High be most affected and who would benefit most from the measures proposed. EN-3.2 Develop a plan for adapting to sea level rise in Edmonds. High EN-3.3 Evaluate the risks to stormwater infrastructure from higher intensity storms, and develop plans for upgrades to the High system and development codes, if necessary. EN-3.4 Develop a program to achieve water conservation in existing buildings and landscaping , with a goal of reducing High per capita water use 7% by the year 2035. EN-3.5 Include measures in the City's Emergency Management Plan to ensure local energy supply at City operated mass care High facilities, such as solar power and battery storage, in the event of electrical outages due to extreme weather or fires. EN-3.6 Create a network of emergency cooling centers to be High available during extreme heat events. 50 ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 96 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Metric: Environment Strategy EN-1: Increase Carbon Sequestration ENVIRONMENT Packet Pg. 97 8.B.a Intentionally Blank r a Packet Pg. 98 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Lifestyles and 0 Consumption The problem, strategy, benefits: Our lifestyles, and particularly our consumption habits, have a large effect on GHG emissions. As described in the GHG Inventory, much of our consumption results in GHG emissions somewhere other than Edmonds, and these emissions are referred to Imported Emissions. The scale of Imported Emissions is significantly larger than Edmonds' local emissions. The largest sources of these emissions include goods and furniture, meat and dairy, transportation fuels and air travel, clothing, and food. '2 20 0 t N 15 02 CL 10 UV 2~ U? 5 0 Q --------------- ------ ------ I Air Travel Food Material Goods 7M <$10,000-$39,999 = <$80,000-$119,999 = <$40,000-$79,999 = >$120,000 Households with larger annual incomes typically consume more and therefore generate more GHGs than households with smaller incomes. Figure 13 highlights this relationship. The four colored bars represent different household income tiers. As can be seen, household income significantly influences emissions for the consumption of material goods and air travel as basic needs are met and more discretionary income is available. When it comes to food, people and households consume about the same quantity and composition of food regardless of income level. Figure 13: Comparison of household income tiers and emissions for purchase types Source: CoolClimote. Berkeley edu, compiled byCood Company M a c Q d M E v CO) N 0 N LIFESTYLES AND CONSUMPTION Packet Pg. 99 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT What the City has already done: • Passed an ordinance to reduce the use of plastic bags while promoting the use of recyclable paper and/or reusable checkout bags by retail stores. • Followed Snohomish County's lead in encouraging solid waste collectors to enhance their organic collection programs from residences and businesses. M • Created a recycling ordinance establishing a a c base -level recycling service for commercial and }, residential customers. Q d Since the last CAP was prepared (2070). 1° E • Adopted Zero Waste and Beyond Waste as V long-term goals for Edmonds in 2016 (Resolution CO) N 1357). N 54 LIFESTYLES AND CONSUMPTION Packet Pg. 100 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategies and Actions: The two primary strategies for reducing these emissions at a community scale are to reduce waste generation, and to modify food purchases. Strategy LC-1: Reduce Material Consumption, Waste Generation, and Resource Depletion Edmonds has adopted Zero Waste as a long-term goal. Municipal solid waste is reflection of consumption of materials goods. The City of Edmonds estimated that the community -wide waste disposal rate in 2005' was 2.0 tons per customer. Municipal solid waste from Edmonds is deposited at the Roosevelt Regional Landfill in south-central Washington, where methane from the landfill is recovered for energy production. However, handling and transport of waste does generate GHGs locally. In addition, reducing waste locally helps reduce pollution from manufacturing and transport globally, and contributes to reducing the community's imported GHG emissions. Solid -waste management uses a hierarchy of approaches: • Reduce the amount of waste created through the efficient use of resources, more durable products, less packaging, and less overall purchasing. • Reuse products and packaging as much as possible. • Recycle discarded products and packaging, and turn organic materials into compost or feedstock for energy production. • Restrict the types of materials that can be used (plastic bags, Styrofoam, etc.). Actions: LC-1: Reduce Material Consumption, Waste Generation, and Resource Depletion LC-1.1 Reduce barriers to achieving Edmonds' zero -waste goal. 1 High LC-1.2 Increase recycling bins in partnership with local businesses. NOW t High LC-1.3 Require recycled products for City- produced printed materials. - High LC-1.4 Educate homeowners in composting. Moderate LC-1.5 Educate the public use of the linkage between using safer, non -toxic materials and responding to climate change. �+1l Moderate 1 City of Edmonds, 2009. Greenhouse Gas Inventory -Community Analysis. c a c 0 Q d 0 E v CO) N O N LIFESTYLES AND CONSUMPTION Packet Pg. 101 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Strategy LC-2: Modify Food Purchases People need to eat, and dietary needs and preferences vary widely, so it is unwise to make generalizations about what foods people eat, or should eat. In addition, the vast majority of food consumed in Edmonds comes from outside of Edmonds, grown in a wide variety of environments and using wide array of methods. However, there are two important ways in which changes in food consumption can reduce the GHGs from food that most households can apply: • Reduce the over -purchasing in small (one- or two -person) households, to reduce waste. • Reduce consumption of snacks, ready-made food and drinks, and other foods with high caloric content and low nutritional values that are not recommended for a healthy diet. (These foods produce little nutritional benefit while generating a significant portion of the total emissions from food production, packaging, and delivery.) Producing food at home and buying locally grown food are ways to incorporate these changes into our food consumption. An additional positive impact of supporting local food producers in a diversified local economy. Actions: LC-2: Modify Food Purchases LC-2.1 Educate people in smaller households on ways to reduce food waste. LC-2.2 Educate consumers on the GHG as well as health benefits of consuming less pre -packaged food. LC-2.3 Involve community in identifying City parks and other property, both City -owned and private, as potential sites for neighborhood public "P-Patches." LC-2.4 Continue to promote local farmers' markets. Moderate Moderate High Moderate c M a c 0 W Q d M E V M N O N 56 I LIFESTYLES AND CONSUMPTION Packet Pg. 102 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Metric: Lifestyle and Consumption Strategy LC-1: Reduce material consumption, waste generation, and resource depletion LIFESTYLES AND CONSUMPTION 57 Packet Pg. T03 8.B.a Intentionally Blank r a Packet Pg. 104 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Accounting for progress in reducing GHG emissions at a community scale can be a challenging and laborious process. It is important to know how well we are doing, but the time and effort involved in getting a complete picture might be better spent on some of the strategies identified above. However, progress can be estimated by looking at a few key metrics. The best metrics are those for which data are readily available, where results can reasonably be predicted from the data, and where the outcome is expected to result in a noticeable change within the timeframe being studied. As part of this CAP Update, our consultants prepared a tracking tool that focuses on a key metric for each of 10 strategies. Table 1 lists the strategies along with the metrics used as indicators for each. This will allow the City to estimate progress in reducing local emissions on an annual basis, without having to do a complete new inventory. While these metrics do not address every aspect of the community's GHG emissions, tracking them will allow the community to see real progress being made, or not, on the strategies identified in this plan for reducing GHG emissions. The tracking tool includes a number of assumptions built off existing information about GHG emissions, population and employment growth, commuting patterns, and other factors. The approach taken is conservative, to ensure that GHG emission reductions are not overestimated. For example, it accounts for gradual improvement in the fuel efficiency of cars mandated by federal regulations. The fact that many manufacturers are moving rapidly toward electric vehicles is not factored in. Tracking Progress Using this tracking tool, the consultant worked with City staff to estimate how aggressively each strategy might be applied, using 2035 and 2050 as planning horizons. These two horizon years were selected because 2050 is the date by which the City's science - based target mandates the full mitigation of GHG emissions (net -zero emissions), and 2035 was an approximate midpoint. The tracking tool provides an estimate of how much GHG emissions would be affected if all of the strategies are on track by each of the planning horizon years. The graph in Figure 14 depicts the path that Edmonds emissions reductions will take between now and 2050, assuming success in all strategies being tracked, compared to the overall net -zero target set by this plan. As shown in Figure 14 there is still a reduction gap of 95,070 MT CO2e for 2050. A reduction gap means that further measures will be needed. In particular, fossil -fuel based gas (natural gas) must either be replaced with carbon -neutral gas, or eliminated from use, and refrigerants must be either switched to carbon -neutral refrigerants or all leaks must be eliminated. These two changes would substantially reduce the gap, but require technological changes that have yet to become economical. Even with these changes, there will likely be the need for some carbon sequestration, as discussed in Section 7, Environment. Carbon sequestration is also evolving. Technological advances for some industries and the use of natural systems, such as "blue carbon" sequestration through restoration of marine environments, offer hope for economically viable solutions in the near future. TRACKING PROGRESS Packet Pg. 105 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a 450,000 400,000 Clean Energy N O 350,000 Bill Reductions V H 2017 Inventory CAFE Standards 300,000 Reductions O'`. 250,000 Transportation and Land Use Reductions V1 Lifestyle and • 200,000 ` Consuption Reductions W (� 150,000 • 2035 Building and = Target Energy Reductions V 100,000 Reduction Gap 50,000 95.070 Remaining Emissions -♦-- Target Emissions Figure 14: Edmonds GHG emissions, Targeted emission reductions, and redcution gap by 2050. 2035 Ta rg et 2050 Targe Strategy BE-1: Replace Fossil Fuels used in Buildings with Renewable Energy Resources ® 0 • nual GHG Savings (MT •_ Number of New Residential and Commercial Solar Photovoltaic Systems Installed Strategy BE-2: Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings and Infrastructure • • ; III ` • • 3,574 61670 Annual GHG Savings (MT COze) ' Percent Residential- - Retrofitted Strategy BE-3: Require the Design and Construction of New and Remodeled Buildings to Meet Green Building Standards r7 or7n C ca a C O v Q N R E U M N O N 60 1 TRACKING PROGRESS Packet Pg. 106 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT Strategy TR-1: Reduce VMT through Sustainable Land Use 4,781 51737 Annual GHG Savings (MT COze) Strategy TR-2: Reduce VMT ' by Improving Transit Systems 31792 41807 Annual GHG Savings (MT COZe) Strategy TR-3: Reduce VMT by Promoting Active Transportation liv- 'q �O�O 800 2,177 Annual GHG Savings (MT COze) mmmllsp�� SEE- StrategyTR-4: Promote Vehicle Sharing and Flexible Work Environments MMMM 0 4mi 81700 91229 Annual GHG Savings (MT CO2e) Strategy TR-5: %jmiojteLow-Ca*rbonVehicA1es A 50,734 81,046 Annual GHG Savings (MT •- Number of electric vehicles registered in Edmonds Strategy EN-1: Increase Carbon Sequestration 131 262 Annual GHG Savings (MT CO2e) Strategy LC-1: Reduce Material Consumption •• • ••• 3,257 4,343 Annual GHG Savings (MT CO2e) * Although this metric will not help reduce GHG after the electric grid is carbon neutral in 2030, prior to that date, cumulatively it will produce enough electricity to reduce GHGs prior to that date by approximately 12,000 MTCO2e. Total Reduction 1.5°C Scenario Target Reduction Still Needed to Percent of Target (MT CO2e) Reduction (MT CO2e) Reach Target (MT CO2e) Achieved CO2 _ 79,121 791316 195 100% (MT 217,210 95,070 56% 122,141 C O a c O Q d E t� CO) N O N TRACKING PROGRESS Packet Pg. 107 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 108 8.B.a CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT References and Source Material ACEEE (American Council for an Energy -Efficient Economy). 2016. Lifting the High Energy Burden in America's Largest Cities: How Energy Efficiency Can Improve Low Income and Underserved Communities. Prepared by Ariel Drehobl and Lauren Ross. April 2016. Accessed from URL: https://www.aceee.org/ sites/default/files/publications/researchreports/ u 1602.12df. City of Edmonds. 2015. Edmonds Streetscape Plan. Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Services. Includes Appendix F, City Street Tree Plan. Available from URL: https://121 cdn4static. civiclive.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server 16494932/ File/Government/Departments/Development%20 Services/Planning%20Division/Streetscape Plan and Street Tree Plans 2015.12df. City of Edmonds. 2019. Edmonds Urban Forest Management Plan. Prepared for the City of Edmonds by Davey Resource Group, Inc. July 2019. Available from URL: https://121 cdn4static. civiclive.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server 16494932/ File/Government/Departments/Development%20 Services/Planning%20Division/Urban%2OForest%20 Mgmt%20PIan/EdmondsWA-UFMP-2019 MidResolution.pdf. City of Edmonds. 2020. City of Edmonds Comprehensive Plan. Adopted November 17, 2020. Accessed from URL: https:HI21 cdn4static. civiclive.com/UserFiles/Servers/Server 16494932/ File/Government/Departments/Development%20 Services/Planning%20Division/Plans%2OLong%20 Range%20Planning/CP 2020 adopted.pdf. Climate Central. 2015. Mapping Choices Carbon, Climate, and Rising Seas Our Global Legacy. Climate Central Research Report prepared by B.H. Strauss, S, Kulp, and A. Levermann. pp. 1-38. November 2015. Available from URL: https://sealevel.climatecentral. org/uploads/research/Global-Mapping-Choices- Report.pdf. Climate Central. 2022 . Climate Watch. 2021. Historical GHG Emissions. Accessed November 9, 2021 from URL: https: www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions?brea kBy=countries&calculation=PER CAPITA&end yea r=2018&sectors=tots I -including -I u cf&sta rt year=1990. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2014. Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp. Available from URL: https:// www.il2cc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/SYR AR5 FINAL full.pdf. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2019. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.-O. P6rtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegi a, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N.M. Weyer (eds.)]. In press. Kenny, Glen P., Jane Yardley, Candice Brown, Ronald J. Sigal, and 011ie Jay. 2010. Heat stress in older individuals and patients with common chronic diseases. Canadian Medical Association Journal. July 13, 2010. Available from URL: https://www.cmai.ca/ content/182/10/1053. c a c 0 Q d M E V CO) N 0 N REFERENCES AND SOURCE MATERIAL Packet Pg. 109 CITY OF EDMONDS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN / FEBRUARY 2023 DRAFT 8.B.a Mauger, G.S., J.H. Casola, H.A. Morgan, R.L. Strauch, B. Jones, B. Curry, T.M. Busch Isaksen, L. Whitely Binder, M.B. Krosby, and A.K. Snover. 2015. State of Knowledge: Climate Change in Puget Sound. Report prepared for the Puget Sound Partnership and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Climate Impacts Group, University of Washington, Seattle. Accessed from URL: https://doi.org/l 0.7915/ CIG93777D. Mbow, C., C. Rosenzweig, L.G. Barioni, T.G. Benton, M. Herrero, M. Krishnapillai, E. Liwenga, P. Pradhan, M.G. Rivera-Ferre, T. Sapkota, F.N. Tubiello, and Y. Xu. 2019. Food Security. In: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. In press. Miller, I.M., H. Morgan, G. Mauger, T. Newton, R. Weldon, D. Schmidt, M. Welch, and E. Grossman. 2019. Projected Sea Level Rise for Washington State - A 2018 Assessment. A collaboration of Washington Sea Grant, University of Washington Climate Impacts Group, University of Oregon, University of Washington, and US Geological Survey. Prepared for the Washington Coastal Resilience Project. Updated 07/2019. Available from URL: https:Hcig.uw.edu/wp- content/uploads/sites/2/201 9/07/SLR-Report-Mi 1ler- et-al-2018-updated-07 2019.pdf. Munia, Hafsa Ahmed, Joseph H. A. Guillaume, Yoshihide Wada, Ted Veldkamp, Vili Virkki, and Matti Kummu. 2020. Future Transboundary Water Stress and Its Drivers Under Climate Change: A Global Study. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Journal. May 25, 2020. Available from URL: https://agupubs. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/l 0.1029/2019EF001321. Oregon Department of Energy. 2020.2020 Biennial Energy Report. Submitted to the Oregon Legislature. November 2020. Accessed from URL: https://www.oregon.gov/energy/Data-and-Reports/ Documents/2020-Biennial-Energy-Report.pdf. Reardon, S.F., Fox, L., & Townsend, J. 2015. Neighborhood Income Composition by Race and Income, 1990-2009. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 660(1), 78- 97. Snohomish County. 2019. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice. Snohomish County Urban County Consortium. November 2019. SnoPUD (Snohomish County Public Utility District No. 1). 2021. Final 2021 Clean Energy Implementation Plan. Adopted December 21, 2021. Accessed from URL:.httl2s://www.snol2ud.com/wl2-content uploads/2021/12/Final 2021 CEIP.pdf. Snover, C. Raymond, H. Roop, and H. Morgan. 2019. "No Time to Waste. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 C and Implications for Washington State," University of Washington Climate Impacts Group, Seattle, Washington. Song, Li, Hua Cai, and Ting Zhu. 2021. Large -Scale Microanalysis of U.S. Household Food Carbon Footprints and Reduction Potentials. Environmental Science &Technology. DOI: 10.1021/acs. est.1 c02658. Time Magazine 2022. What Norway Can Teach the World About Switching to Electric Vehicles. January 7, 2022. Accessed from URL: https://time. com/6133180/norway-electric-vehicles/. US Census Bureau. 2017. Accessed from URL: https:// www.census.gov/acs/www/data/data-tables-and- tools/data-profiles/2017/. US Census Bureau. 2020. American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Data (2009-2019). December 10, 2020. Accessed from URL: https://www.census.gov/ data/developers/data-sets/acs-5year.html. World Meteorological Organization. 2016. Provisional WMO Statement on the Status of the Global Climate in 2016. Press Release No. 15; Published 14 November 2016. Accessed from URL: https://public. wmo.int/en/media/press-release/provisional-wmo- state m e nt-status-of-g t o ba I-cl i m ate-2016. World Resources Institute, C40 Cities, and ICLEI. 2021. Global Protocol for Community -Scale Greenhouse Gas Inventories, An Accounting and Reporting Standard for Cities Version 1.1. Accessed from URL: https://ghaorotocol.org/sites/default/files/ standards/GPC Full MASTER RW v7.pdf. 64 REFERENCES AND SOURCE MATERIAL Packet Pg. 110 8.B.a Intentionally Blank a Packet Pg. 111 CITY OF EDMONDS OV EDA Uti 71) CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2023 - a c For over a decade, Edmonds has been committed to preventing the hart 0 from climate change. From sea level rise that causes erosion and floodir a to drought and higher land temperatures that will destroy crops and fore and rising ocean temperatures and acidity that will affect marine species E which much of the web of life depends, Edmonds recognizes that it be. M responsibility to take action as citizens of the world and stewards of c o environment. N- 41 R In 2010, the City adopted a Climate Action Plan (CAP) to substantially redu iz greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Starting in 2018, local consultants wE 2 hired to prepare a new GHG inventory and to advise the City on updati its CAP. This plan focuses on the most important steps Edmonds can take m address climate change. a .................................................. a Global climate change is already harming the Pacific Northwest, and cc expected to grow worse and become irreversible unless human-generat GHG emissions can be eliminated. To achieve a future Edmonds commun with a high quality of life that is sustainable and equitable for all resider Q eliminating GHG emissions is critical. The most important finding of this update to Edmonds' CAP is that t Edmonds community has not kept pace with its goals to reduce GE emissions. To avert the worst harm from global climate change, we mi achieve an even more ambitious rate of emissions reduction. The City adopted Resolution 1453, which commits Edmonds to a scienc based target of 1.5°C global temperature rise. To meet that target mez the community must be carbon neutral by 2050. We have a long way to c but we have reason to hope we can get there. This Plan provides a roadmap and a few indicator metrics that will help t community know how we are doing. It is a call to action. The tools to addrE the climate crisis have never been better and they are improving steadily... will take effort on the part of the City, state and federal governments and individuals to make use of those tools. It is time to get tow Packet Pg. 112 bw Equity AA C Frontline communities, those most likely to be affected by climate change, are often more resource efficient than the general population, with lifestyles that help achieve the community's climate action goals. They often live in higher density housing, consume less energy per capita, and rely on public transit. However, intersecting vulnerabilities and socioeconomic determinants, such as preexisting health conditions, physical location, historic marginalization, social context, and income stability, can make these communities more susceptible to threats of climate change. Edmonds' 2017 GHG emissions were an estimated 750,000 MT CO2e, including both local emissions that occur within the city limits and imported emissions generated elsewhere to produce the goods, food, and services consumed in Edmonds. Total local and imported emissions in 2017 were approximately 17.2 MT CO2e per capita. For comparison, in 2017 the global per capita average was 6.4 MT CO2e and the US average was 17.3 MT CO2e2. Other key observations include: • Residential buildings have more than double the impact of commercial buildings Climate equity ensures a fair distribution of the benefits of climate action and resilience efforts asthe communitytransitionsto a low • carbon future, reducing disparities. 2017 Community GH( Emissions (MTCO2e) 750,000 500,000 250,000 Local + Imported 75% of natural gas was consumed by Emissions the residential sector, and nearly 25% by the 0 Buildings commercial sector • Transportatior Refrigerant Passenger transport, primarily in cars, is the Waste leading source of transportation -related local emissions Strategies and Top Actions Each action is accompanied by two icons: one indicates how important it is in reducing or preventing GHG emissions, and GHG the other indicates how much influence the City has over the Reduction Who is Outcome. Potential Responsik BE-1: Replace Fossil Fuels used in Buildings wi th Renewable Energy Resources BE-1.1: Adopt appropriate zoning allowances to facilitate installation of Medium City renewable energy projects and energy efficient equipment. BE-1.2: Provide financial -assistance programs for solar energy projects Medium City and energy efficient equipment. Improve Energy EfficiencyExisting Buildings BE-2.1: Support legislation requiring gas supply systems statewide to High State be carbon -neutral by 2045. BE-2.2: Create and implement a green building incentive program. Low City BE 3: Require the Design and Construction of New and Remodeled Buildings to Meet Green Building Standards BE-3.1: Adopt regulations to require new multi -family and commercial Medium City buildings to be 100% electric by 2023. BE-3.2: Require that all new multi -family residential and commercial Medium City buildings and any major commercial remodeling projects meet LEED or similar built green standards: LEED Gold for Commercial and LEED Silver for multifamily, to implement Resolution 1168. a U E M N 0 c i_ a) L U 0 m a a U c a� E z U ca Y Q Packet Pg. 113 GHG I g.B.b Reduction Strategies and Top Actions Potential Responsible TR-1: Reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) through Sustainable Land Use TR-1.1: Adopt a multimodal level of service to enable complete streets Medium City outcomes. TR-1.2: Develop code and zoning supporting mixed -use and transit- High City oriented development in neighborhood commercial centers. Reduce VMT by ImprovingSystems TR-2.1: Coordinate transit agencies to increase service and improve Medium Transit convenience to access new light rail connections. Agencies City and TR-2.2: Promote Sounder commuter rail stop in Edmonds. Low Transit Agencies TR-2.3: Invest in transit stop amenities to improve the ridership Medium City and experience (e.g. shelter, bench, lighting). Transit Agencies TR-3: Reduce VMT by Committing to a Complete Street Approach TR-3.1: Install one bike rack per block in neighborhood districts. Low City TR-3.2: Establish a complete streets process and steering committee Medium City L for capital projects. o TR-3.3: Develop a pedestrian priority investment network and triple Medium 0 City m funding in the Capital Improvements Plan. ' Reduce VMT throughRequirementsqrE TR-4.1: Explore bike and scooter share programs within the City of Medium City V Edmonds. N TR-4.2: Formalize hybrid work options for City employees. LOW 0 City TR-4.3: Explore developing car share facilities with ferry system. Medium City and WSDOT ILL L TR-5: Promote Low -Carbon Vehicles and Other Methods of Reducing Emissions from Vehicles 0 TR-5.1: Adopt standards for charging stations in public rights -of -way. High City o m TR-5.2: Convert City fleet to electric vehicles. Medium City IL V TR-5.3: Add charging stations to all city owned facilities including parks. Medium City d E z 0 GHG Reduction Who is Q Strategies and Top Actions Potential Responsik EN-1: Maintain or Increase Carbon Sequestration in Trees and Natural Areas EN-1.1: Adopt a canopy coverage target for the city. Low City EN-1.2: Identify pockets of woodlands and marsh land that the City Low City could purchase to add to our parks system. EN-1.3: Identify City parks and open spaces where carbon Low City sequestration could be increased. EN-2: Explore Other Methods for Offsetting Edmonds'GHG Emissions EN-2.1: Develop a periodic calculation of the gap between Edmonds' LOW City targeted GHG emissions reductions and actual. EN 2.2: Engage in a regional conversation about offsetting GHGs. Low City EN-2.3: Include a calculation of the social and mortality costs of carbon Low City that would result from each Comprehensive Plan update Packet Pg. 114 GHG Reduction Who is Strategies and Top Actions Potential ResponsiH— EN-3.1: When planning for climate change adaptations, assess which N/A City communities would be most affected and who would benefit most. EN-3.2: Develop a plan for adapting to sea level rise in Edmonds. N/A City EN-3.3: Evaluate risks to stormwater infrastructure from higher intensity N/A City storms, and develop plans to upgrade system and development codes. GHG Degre( Reduction of City Strategies and Top Actions Potential Contro LC-1.1: Reduce barriers to achieving Edmonds' zero -waste goal. Medium City City and c LC-1.2: Increase recycling bins in partnership with local businesses. Medium Business a Partners r 0 LC-1.3: Require recycled products for City -produced printed materials. Low City Q LC-2: Increase Local Food Production M LC-2.1: Educate smaller households on ways to reduce food waste. High City E LC-2.2: Educate consumers on the GHG and health benefits of N/A CityN 6 consuming less pre -packaged food.G N LC-2.3: Involve community in identifying property, both City -owned and Low City private, as potential sites for neighborhood public "P-Patches." c To address the reduction gap identified in the tool, replacing fossil -fuel based gas, carbon - neutral refrigerants, carbon sequestration, and other measures are needed to meet our GHG emissions targets for 2050. u_ m L t 2035 2050 0 Annual Annual IM MonitoringGIHIG GHG - a i- Savings v BE 1 * Number of new residential and commercial soli PV systems installed E 3,157 6,253 Percent of residential and commercial area retrc �d BE-2 Savings from 2017 improvements to wastewater 417 417 treatment plant Q BE-3 3,272 7,870 Percent of new, LEED-Certified residential and commercial development T 4,781 5,737 Number of multi -family units built in activity cen A TR-2 3,792 4,807 Percent of commuters using public transportatic 880 2,177 Percent of commuters walking or biking to work ■ TR-4 8,700 9,229 Percent of commuters carpooling and/or utilizin Ian alternate work week 50,73 IlLber of electric vehicles EN-1 131 262 Number of trees planted 3,257 4,343 Tonna e of solid waste generated 79,121 122,141 Total Reduction (MT CO e) 64,745 188,918 1.5°C Scenario Target Reduction (MT CO e) -14,376 66,778 Reduction still Needed to Reach Target (MT CO. 122% 65% Percent of Taraet Achieved *Although this metric will not help reduce GHG after the electric grid is carbon neutra 2030, prior to that date, cumulatively it will produce enough electricity to reduce GHC by approximately 12,000 MTCO2e. climateaction@edmondswa.gov edmondswa.gov/services/sustain Packet Pg. 115 8.B.c BE Buildings and Energy Mitigation Degree of City potential influence Implementation Timeline BE-1 Replace Fossil Fuels Used in Buildings with Renewable Energy Resources Adopt appropriate zoning allowances to facilitate installation of renewable energy projects and energy 1.1 efficient equipment, such as height and side setback exceptions for heat pumps. M H By 2024 Provide financial assistance programs such as low interest loans or grants for installation of solar energy projects and energy efficient equipment for affordable housing projects, including residences and 1.2 community facilities. M H By 2024 1.3 Promote electrification of heating and hot water for all small business spaces by 2035. M L By 2035 1.4 Promote electrification of all businesses, including heating, hot water, and cooking, by 2050. M L By 2050 Educate the homeowners, renters, apartment managers, and businesses on the energy efficiency and 1.5 cost effectiveness of electric heat pump heating and hot water systems. L H Ongoing 1.6 Restrict or prohibit the use of fossil fuels for lawn equipment and outdoor heating. L H By 2025 BE-2 Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Buildings and Infrastructure 2.1 Support legislation to require gas supply systems statewide to be carbon -neutral by 2045. H L By 2045 2.2 Create and implement a green building incentive program. L H 2O23 2.3 Continue to improve energy efficiency of the City's wastewater treatment plant. L H Ongoing C BE-3 Require the Design and Construction of New and Remodeled Buildings to Meet Green Building Standards IL C 3.1 Adopt regulations to require new multi -family and commercial buildings to be 100%electric by 2024. M H BY 2024 .0 Require that all new multi -family residential and commercial buildings and any major commercial V remodeling projects meet LEED or similar built green standards: LEED Gold for Commercial and LEED 3.2 Silver for multifamily, to implement Resolution 1168. M H By 2025 M Support changes to State building code to achieve net -zero energy consumption in new buildings by E 3.3 2030, including requiring new single-family residences to be all electric. H L By 2030 3.4 Convert all City facilities to electric heat and hot water by 2035. L H By 2035 M 3.5 Prohibit the use of fossil fuels for outdoor heating at commercial facilities. L H By 2025 NC N TR Transportation d c TR-1 Reduce VMT through Sustainable Land Use d 1.1 Adopt a multimodal level of service to enable complete streets outcomes. M H By 2025 E Develop code and guidelines and zoning that support mixed -use and transit oriented (Highway 99 and downtown) development in neighborhood commercial centers to encourage close -to -home local = 1.2 shopping and employment opportunities. H H By 2025 G Provide tax or other incentives for low income or affordable housing projects in the City's activity 1.3 centers. M H By 2030 Encourage more businesses to locate in Edmonds, such as by increasing commercial capacity by d allowing commercial uses in more locations, by permitting more intensive uses, or reducing parking N 1.4 requirements in areas well served by transit. M H Ongoing Q. E TR-2 Reduce VMT by Improving Transit Systems d Coordinate transit agencies to increase service and improve convenience to access new light rail Q 2.1 connections. M M Ongoing C± 2.2 Promote Sounder commuter rail stop in Edmonds. L L Ongoing Invest in transit stop amenities to improve transit ridership experience (e.g. shelter, bench, lighting). 2.3 M L Ongoing d E s t� TR-3: Reduce VMT by Committing to a Complete Street Approach M 3.1 Commit to installing one bicycle rack per block within in neighborhood districts. L H By 2025 Q Establish a complete streets process for capital projects and a complete streets steering committee to 3.2 sign off on compete streets recommendation or exemptions. M H 2O23 3.3 Develop a pedestrian priority investment network and triple funding in the Capital Improvements Plan. M H BY 2024 Adapt streets for people purposes periodically, such as "Walkable Weekends" to promote walking as a 3.4 community activity that also supports local businesses. L H Ongoing 3.5 Require bike parking and a -bike charging in new commercial and multifamily. L H Complete TR-4 Reduce VMT through Vehicle Sharing and Flexible Work Requirements 4.1 Explore bike and scoot share programs within the City of Edmonds. M H By 2024 4.2 Formalize hybrid work options for City employees. L H By 2024 4.3 Explore opportunities to develop car share facilities with ferry system. M M by 2024 4.4 Increase utilization of the city commute trip reduction program for employees. L L Ongoing TR-5 Promote Low -Carbon Vehicles and Other Methods of Reducing Emissions from Vehicles 5.1 Adopt standards for the placement of charging stations in public rights -of -way. H H By 2025 5.2 Convert City fleet to electric vehicles. M H Ongoing Packet Pg. 116 8.B.c 5.3 Add charging stations at all City -owned facilities including parks. M H By 2035 Adopt a policy to limit vehicle idling, including the posting of appropriate signs at businesses and holding areas, such as school and ferry areas. This action would include evaluating how to equip City 5.4 trucks with auxiliary electrical systems for illumination and warning signs. M L By 2025 5.5 TR 5.9: Support the long-term plan for electrifying the Washington State ferry fleet. M L By 2040 EN Environment EN-1 Maintain or Increase Carbon Sequestration in Trees and Natural Areas 1.1 Adopt a canopy coverage target for the city. L H By 2024 1.2 Identify pockets of woodlands and marsh land that the City could purchase to add to our parks system. L H Ongoing 1.3 Identify City parks and open spaces where carbon sequestration could be increased. L H By 2024 1.4 For fee -in -lieu mitigation sites, prioritize sites that sequester carbon. L H By 2030 Update the City Street Tree Plan to prioritize increasing tree cover in appropriate places along the city's 1.5 street rights -of -way„ especially in areas of low canopy coverage. L H By 2024 Explore application of biochar from the wastewater treatment plant to sequester carbon and improve By 2024 1.6 soils in parks and residential developments. L L Assess the health of and changing stress on Edmonds' urban forest and develop strategies to prevent 1.7 loss of trees to heat, drought, and insects. L M By 2025 EN-2 (track our progress and seek to offet our emmissions) Explore Other Methods for Offsetting Edmonds' GHG Emissions Develop a periodic calculation of the gap between Edmonds' targeted and actual GHG emissions 2.1 reductions, for the metrics in this plan. L H Every 3 years 2.2 Engage in a regional conversation about offsetting GHGs. M H Ongoing Include a calculation of the social and mortality costs of carbon that would result from each 2.3 Comprehensive Plan update. L H By 20024 For any emissions that are not offset per metrics the tracking tool, prepare a calculation of the social 2.4 and mortality cost on an annual basis. L H Annually 2.5 Explore purchase of GHG offsets. L H By 2024 EN-3 Prepare for the impacts of climate change N/A H When planning for any climate change adaptations, include an assessment of which parts of the 3.1 community would be most affected and who would benefit most from the measures proposed. N/A H By 2024 3.2 Develop a plan for adapting to sea level rise in Edmonds. N/A H By 2024 Evaluate the risks to stormwater infrastructure from higher intensity storms, and develop plans for 3.3 upgrades to the system and development codes, if necessary. N/A H By 2024 Develop a program to achieve water conservation in existing buildings and landscaping, with a goal of 3.4 reducing per capita water use 7% by the year 2035. N/A By 2024 Include measures in the City's Emergency Management Plan to ensure local energy supply at City operated mass care facilities, such as solar power and battery storage, in the event of electrical outages 3.5 due to extreme weather or fires. N/A H By 2025 3.6 Create a network of emergency cooling centers to be available during extreme heat events. By 2025 LC Lifestyle and Consumption LC-1 Reduce material consumption, waste generation, and resource depletion M H 1.1 Reduce barriers to achieving Edmonds' zero -waste goal. M H ongoing 1.2 Increase recycling bins in partnership with local businesses. L H ongoing 1.3 Require recycled products for City- produced printed materials. L M By 2025 1.4 Educate homeowners in composting. ongoing LC-2 Increase local food production H M 2.1 Educate people in smaller households on ways to reduce food waste. N/A L ongoing 2.2 Educate consumers on the GHG as well as health benefits of consuming less pre -packaged food. M M ongoing Involve community in identifying City parks and other property, both City -owned and private, as 2.3 potential sites for neighborhood public "P-Patches." L M By 2030 2.4 Continue to promote local farmers' markets. L M ongoing C cC a c 0 Q d E U M N O N d C E H C O M -W C d E 4) Q E IL Q �.i C d t t� O a Packet Pg. 117 9.A Planning Board Agenda Item Meeting Date: 03/8/2023 2023 Extended Agenda Discussion Staff Lead: David Levitan Department: Planning & Development Prepared By: Michelle Martin Background/History Planning and Development Director Susan McLaughlin provided an overview of the department's 2023 work plan during the Planning Board's February 22 retreat. Several items on the work plan will require review, input, and/or recommendations from the Planning Board at one or more meetings in 2023, most notably: 1) 2024 Comprehensive Plan Update: City staff is currently finalizing a detailed work plan for the Comp Plan Update. A consultant will be hired to help with background research and analysis, community engagement, SEPA environmental review (via an Environmental Impact Statement, or EIS), and policy development. The SEPA review will focus on different alternatives for accomodating the approximately 8,000 residential units and 3,000 jobs that the city is required to plan for over the next twenty years. The city is required to host a scoping meeting as part of the EIS process (which allows members of the public to proposed topics that should be analyzed in the EIS), which may be appropriate for the Planning Board to host. Per RCW 36.70A.070, mandatory comprehensive plan elements include Land Use, Housing, Capital Facilities, Utilities, Transportation, Economic Development, and Parks and Recreation. The current comprehensive plan also includes optional Community Sustainability and Community Culture and Urban Design elements. The city will also be preparing a Supplemental EIS for the Highway 99 Subarea Plan concurrently with the Comp Plan Update. 2) Code Modernization Project: Staff is finalizing the work plan for this project, which involves reorganization and improved formatting/technology to make the ECDC easier to navigate as well as a number of individual code amendments. Code amendments expected to come before the Planning Board in 2023 or early 2024 include the potential CG Permanent Ordinance (as soon as March 22); Private Property Tree Removals (those not associated with development activity); Wireless Facilities (including small -cell technology and ROW use); a citizen -initiated amendment to permissible uses in the Neighborhood Business zone; Critical Aquifer Recharge area; Street/Sidewalk Standards; Parking Standards; Multifamily Residential Design Standards; and Accessory Dwelling Units. Additional code amendments may be required based on proposed legislation currently being considered by the state legislature related to housing, design review, transportation, and environmental review. Staff Recommendation Packet Pg. 118 9.A Board members are asked to review staff's presentation and help fill out the 2023 Extended Agenda. The most recent extended agenda is included to use as a template. Narrative Staff will provide a more detailed overview of these projects and the input/feedback/review needed from the Planning Board in 2023 at the March 8 meeting, and work with Planning Board members to fill out their extended agenda. Staff has statutory deadlines for the Comprehensive Plan that will largely drive that process and has also committed to specific timelines for the Code Modernization Project. Attachments: 3.8.2023 Extended Agenda Packet Pg. 119 �y ()IF Af G � r es PLANNNS BOARD Extended Agenda — Draft March 8, 2023 March 2023 9.A.a Items and Dates are subject to change Mar 22 1. Public Hearing - CG permanent ADB/step back code 2. Highway 99 Community Renewal Program Update Mar 28 1. Joint Meeting - Planning Board update to City Council April 2023 April 12 1. Tree Code Update — Potential New Residential Regulations (code analysis and discussion) 2. BN Zone Use Change (introduction and discussion — private amendment) 3. Comp Plan EIS Scoping Meeting? April 26 1. Parks, Recreation & Cultural Services Quarterly Report 2. Critical Aquifer Recharge (introduction and discussion) 3. Multifamily Design Standards (introduction and discussion) May 2023 May 10 1. Recap of 2023 Washington State Legislative Session: Planning Related Context 2. Comprehensive Plan Update (Individual element introduction) 3. Wireless Code Update (presentation and discussion) May 24 1. Tree Code Update — Moderate/Major changes to improve existing ECDC 23.10 (code analysis and discussion) 2. Multifamily Design Standards Public Hearing 3. Critical Aquifer Public Hearing Packet Pg. 120 9.A.a Items and Dates are subject to change June 2023 June 14 1. Public Hearing - Tree Code (Residential and Moderate/Major) 2. Accessory Dwelling Units (introduction and discussion) June 27 1. Planning Board update to City Council (report rather than presentation?) June 28 1. Wireless Code Public Hearing (tentative) 2. July ZOZ3 July 12 July 26 1. Parks, Recreation & Cultural Services Quarterly Report 1. Accessory Dwelling Units Public Hearing August 2023 Aug 9 1. TBD August 23 NO MEETING —SUMMER BREAK For 1. Tree code update Consideration 2 Comprehensive Plan work in 2023 3. Critical Aquifer Recharge code update 4. Wireless code update 5. CIP/CFP 6. MF Design Standards c m Q m c m x w M N O N 0 c 0 0 m a� 0 0 c m a� Q a� c a� r x w M N O N O M r C d E t 0 a 2 Packet Pg. 121 9.A.a Items and Dates are subject to change Future Consideration 1. Housing Policy Implementation 2. Neighborhood Center Plans (5 Corners) 3. ADA Transition Plan (Parks) 4. Further Highway 99 Implementation, including: a. Potential for "urban center" or transit -oriented design/development strategies b. Parking standards 5. UFMP — goal/gap analysis/update Recurring 1. Election of Officers (V meeting in December) Topics 2. Parks, Recreation & Cultural Services Department Updates — Typically first meeting after previous quarter (1/11/23, 4/12, 7/12, 10/11) 3. Joint meeting with City Council 4. Planning and Development Department Activity Report 5. Annual Retreat (Q1) 6. OPMA Training 7. Breaks — no meetings on 2nd meeting date in August and December 3 Packet Pg. 122